Blenheim is a town in the southwestern part of Schoharie County, New York, United States. It is located east of Oneonta. At the 2020 census, the population was 308. The town was named after a land patent, which itself was named after the Battle of Blenheim.

Schoharie County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,714, making it the state's fifth-least populous county. The county seat is Schoharie. "Schoharie" comes from a Mohawk word meaning "floating driftwood." Schoharie County is part of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.