1.
Andrew Winter
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Andrew Winter was an American artist best known for his landscape paintings on the coast of Maine, particularly his depictions of winter weather. Born in Sindi, Estonia as Andres Jüri Winter, he went to sea in 1913 on square riggers before sailing on American, in 1921 he became an American citizen, and studied at the National Academy of Design in New York City. In 1925 he went to Paris and Rome to study on a traveling fellowship and he also studied at the Cape Cod School of Art in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and the Louis C. Tiffany Foundation in Oyster Bay, Long Island, after frequent visits to Monhegan Island off the Maine coast starting in the late 1920s, he and his wife, the artist Mary Taylor, settled there by 1940. Winter was attracted to Monhegans rocky coast, architecture, and the force of the ocean. The geometric strength, clear lighting, and absence of human presence in his landscapes have invited comparison to the work of his contemporary, the Currier Gallery of Art in Manchester, New Hampshire, and the Memorial Art Gallery in Rochester, New York. His work was included in a devoted to the work of foreign-born American artists at the 1939 New York Worlds Fair. Winters scrapbooks are in the collection of the Smithsonian Archives of American Art, belanger, Pamela J. Maine in America, American Art at the Farnsworth Art Museum. University Press of New England,2000, ISBN 0-918749-08-5 Chambers, Bruce W. Maine, A Legacy in Painting,1830 to the Present. The Art of Maine in Winter, a Legacy of Art, Paintings and Sculptures by Artist Life Members of the National Arts Club
2.
Buck Dharma
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Donald Brian Roeser, also known by the stage name Buck Dharma, is an American guitarist and songwriter, best known for being a member of Blue Öyster Cult since the groups formation in 1967. He wrote and sang the vocals on many of the bands best-known hits, including The Reaper, Godzilla. Roeser was born on Long Island, New York and his father was an accomplished jazz saxophonist, and Roeser spent a lot of time listening to jazz music as a result. Because of this, Roeser developed an interest in the arts at a very early age. He even played the accordion for a period of time. Roeser was influenced greatly by the British Invasion of 1964, and he first started out playing the drums, but had to stop temporarily after breaking his wrist while playing basketball. While recovering, Roeser learned to play guitar, and found that he enjoyed it more than the drums, during his high school years, Roeser played guitar in various cover bands. At this time, he started to develop his own signature sound by imitating his favorite guitarists, Roeser attended Clarkson University in New York, and joined a band that included later bandmate Albert Bouchard. The two played together on and off during the rest of their college career, at the end, both musicians abandoned potential degrees, and decided to pursue music full-time. They moved in to a house near Stony Brook University. Roeser and Bouchard started the band Soft White Underbelly in 1967, members included keyboardist Allen Lanier, singer Les Braunstein, bassist Andrew Winters and former music critic Sandy Pearlman. In 1968, they were signed by Elektra Records after the companys president Jac Holzman saw them perform, the band dropped Braunstein and added new singer Eric Bloom to their lineup - and recorded under the name Stalk-Forrest Group in 1970. Elektra dropped the band because of problems with the personnel, Roeser, along with Bouchard, Lanier, Pearlman, Bloom, and new member bassist Joe Bouchard reformed with the name Blue Öyster Cult. They signed with Columbia Records in 1971, and released four albums between 1972 and 1975, Roesers abilities on lead guitar were praised during this period. He did not write songs during this time period, however. By Blue Öyster Cults fifth album Agents of Fortune in 1976, Roeser proved himself as a songwriter, as a result, Roesers songwriting and vocals were more prevalent on the follow-up albums Spectres, Mirrors, Cultosaurus Erectus and Fire of Unknown Origin. Most significantly, he penned and sang on the tracks Godzilla and Burnin For You, in 1982, Roeser recorded and released Flat Out during his spare time. This is his first and only album to this date
3.
Eric Bloom
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Eric Bloom is an American singer, songwriter and musician. He is best known as a vocalist, and stun guitar player for the long-running band Blue Öyster Cult, much of his lyrical content relates to his lifelong interest in science fiction. A native New Yorker, Bloom was born in Brooklyn, the youngest of three children, and grew up in Queens and his mother was a housewife, active in local charities and family life. His father ran a picture frame and print company in Manhattan, Bloom attended JHS216, and then moved on to Woodmere Academy and Cheshire Academy in Connecticut. It was there that he purchased his first guitar, a $52 Harmony full-bodied electric, after graduating from Cheshire Academy in 1962, he went to Spain for the summer, studying at Menendez Pelayo University in Santander, before starting college in the Fall. Eric Bloom, known as Manny Bloom in college, attended Hobart College in Geneva, New York, in college, Bloom was involved with the casual forming of a couple of short-term bands for playing at local venues. One of these was Rick and the Ravons and he also organized music for various fraternity parties. For one of them, he hired a band later asked him to join. They renamed it as Lost and Found, with whom he performed off, the band was composed of George Faust on guitar, John Trivers on bass, Peter Haviland on lead guitar, Jeff Hayes as drummer, and Bloom singing. In 1963, Bloom was also exposed to the music of Wilmer and the Dukes and he attended over 100 of their performances, and he and his band Lost and Found opened for them when they came to play at Hobart. Other major influences were James Brown, and Ronnie James Dio, in Blooms senior year, he was encouraged by his friends to join their Tau Kappa Epsilon fraternity. He also found himself volunteering to do sound engineering at college events. It was through his efforts, that the college finally updated to a sound system. After college, Bloom toured with the band in upstate New York, the band had some membership changes and was renamed as Rock Garden. They made one attempt to record a single but could not land a contract, so continued on with live performances and cover tunes. On Labor Day, his college friend Trivers invited him to perform in Clayton, despite the short notice, Bloom packed up and left Provincetown for good. Lost and Found re-formed and played through the rest of the season, in 1968, Bloom moved to Plainview, Long Island to live with his sister. He obtained a job at the Sam Ash music store in Hempstead, one day in late 1968 some members of the band Soft White Underbelly, Donald Roeser, Allen Lanier and Andrew Winters, entered the store
4.
Allen Lanier
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Allen Glover Lanier was an original member of Blue Öyster Cult. Lanier played keyboards and rhythm guitar, Lanier wrote several songs for Blue Öyster Cult albums, including True Confessions, Tenderloin, Searchin for Celine, In Thee, and Lonely Teardrops. In addition to his work with Blue Öyster Cult, he contributed to music by Patti Smith, John Cale, Jim Carroll, The Dictators and The Clash. He dated Patti Smith for several years during the 1970s, Lanier first performed with the band in 1967. He left the group in 1985, and was replaced by Tommy Zvoncheck and he retired from performing with them after the autumn of 2006. That would seem to indicate that Allen Lanier retired from both Blue Öyster Cult and music in 2007, having played his last concert with them in late 2006. He would rejoin them for their 40th anniversary concert in New York in November 2012, allens death was announced by Blue Öyster Cult on August 14,2013. According to their official Facebook page, Allen succumbed to complications from C. O. P. D
5.
Stony Brook, New York
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Stony Brook is a hamlet and census-designated place in the Town of Brookhaven in Suffolk County, New York, on the North Shore of Long Island. Despite being referred to as a village by residents and tourists alike, the population was 13,740 at the 2010 census. Stony Brook was first settled in the late 17th century and it was originally known by the native name Wopowog and then as Stoney Brook, with both names likely referring to the interconnected bodies of water at the hamlets western edge. It began as a community of adjacent Setauket, New York, the Town of Brookhavens first settlement. A grist mill was built in 1699 on the body now known as the Mill Pond. The current structure, which replaced the original in 1751, ground grain into the 1940s and has since been repurposed for public tours, for religious services and education, the hamlets original residents had to attend institutions in the neighboring communities of Setauket and St. James. In the latter half of the 18th century, activity began to shift from the area north toward the Harbor as new residences. Stony Brook was an area through the 18th century aside for a modest amount of commerce near the mill at the intersection of Main Street. The communitys development was stalled by its poorly accessible harbor relative to nearby Setauket, in the 1840s, local painter William Sidney Mount led a call for the harbors dredging. This was completed twice, but after the harbor filled in both times the effort was abandoned, lacking the resources of its neighboring harbor settlements, Stony Brook based its economy on agriculture and the cordwood industry. The Long Island Rail Road reached Stony Brook in the 1870s, Stony Brook quickly became a popular summer resort for city dwellers attempting to escape the hazards and stress of urban life. The establishment of the Stony Brook Assembly in 1909 also helped to more residents to the local area. A number of these newcomers constructed houses and cottages, many of which were originally made for year-round use or have since been converted to such. Nevertheless, the majority of residences were local farmers and businessmen who depended on all necessities being in easy reach, most businesses were then located on the compact plot that would become the contemporary village green. Unlike today, the shops in this area were utilitarian and haphazardly arranged, the history of the unincorporated village is closely linked to that of Ward Melville, a local businessman who owned what would become the CVS Corporation. At one point owned much of what his family coined as the Three Village area, the focus had been in the previous center of the villages commerce, which now consists of a village green and a crescent of stores embellished with stone walkways and seasonal gardening. To accomplish this, Melville moved many of the shops in the plot into the crescent and modified their details for consistency. As a centerpiece to the crescent, Melville built the Stony Brook Post Office, Melville donated the land and funds to New York State for establishing a branch of the State University of New York in the area
6.
Long Island
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Long Island is an island located just off the northeast coast of the United States and a region within the U. S. state of New York. Stretching east-northeast from New York Harbor into the Atlantic Ocean, the island comprises four counties, Kings and Queens to the west, then Nassau, more generally, Long Island may also refer collectively both to the main Island as well as its nearby, surrounding outer barrier islands. North of the island is the Long Island Sound, across from which lie the states of Connecticut, across the Sound, to the northwest, lies Westchester County on mainland New York. To the west, Long Island is separated from the Bronx and the island of Manhattan by the East River. To the extreme southwest, it is separated from the New York City borough of Staten Island and the U. S. state of New Jersey by Upper New York Bay, the Narrows, to the east lie Block Island and numerous smaller islands. Its population density is 5,595.1 inhabitants per square mile, Long Island is culturally and ethnically diverse. Some of the wealthiest and most expensive neighborhoods in the Western Hemisphere are located on Long Island, nine bridges and 13 tunnels connect Brooklyn and Queens to the three other boroughs of New York City. Ferries connect Suffolk County northward across Long Island Sound to the state of Connecticut, the Long Island Rail Road is the busiest commuter railroad in North America and operates 24/7. At the time of European contact, the Lenape people inhabited the western end of Long Island, giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to record an encounter with the Lenapes, after entering what is now New York Bay in 1524. In 1609, the English navigator Henry Hudson explored the harbor, adriaen Block followed in 1615 and is credited as the first European to determine that both Manhattan and Long Island are islands. Native American land deeds recorded by the Dutch from 1636 state that the Indians referred to Long Island as Sewanhaka, sewan was one of the terms for wampum, and is also translated as loose or scattered, which may refer either to the wampum or to Long Island. The name t Lange Eylandt alias Matouwacs appears in Dutch maps from the 1650s, later, the English referred to the land as Nassau Island, after the Dutch Prince William of Nassau, Prince of Orange. It is unclear when the name Nassau Island was discontinued, the very first settlements on Long Island were by settlers from England and its colonies in present-day New England. Lion Gardiner settled nearby Gardiners Island, the first settlement on the geographic Long Island itself was on October 21,1640, when Southold was established by the Rev. John Youngs and settlers from New Haven, Connecticut. Peter Hallock, one of the settlers, drew the long straw and was granted the honor to step ashore first and he is considered the first New World settler on Long Island. Southampton was settled in the same year, Hempstead followed in 1644, East Hampton in 1648, Huntington in 1653, and Brookhaven in 1655. While the eastern region of Long Island was first settled by the English, until 1664, the jurisdiction of Long Island was split, roughly at the present border between Nassau County and Suffolk County. The Dutch founded six towns in present-day Brooklyn beginning in 1645 and these included, Brooklyn, Gravesend, Flatlands, Flatbush, New Utrecht, and Bushwick
7.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
8.
Hard rock
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Hard rock is a loosely defined subgenre of rock music that began in the mid-1960s, with the garage, psychedelic and blues rock movements. It is typified by a use of aggressive vocals, distorted electric guitars, bass guitar, drums. Hard rock developed into a form of popular music in the 1970s, with bands such as The Who, Led Zeppelin, Queen, Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, Aerosmith, AC/DC. During the 1980s, some rock bands moved away from their hard rock roots and more towards pop rock. Hard rock began losing popularity with the success of R&B, hip-hop, urban pop, grunge. Out of this movement came garage rock bands like The White Stripes, The Strokes, Interpol and, later on, in the 2000s, only a few hard rock bands from the 1970s and 1980s managed to sustain highly successful recording careers. Hard rock is a form of loud, aggressive rock music, the electric guitar is often emphasised, used with distortion and other effects, both as a rhythm instrument using repetitive riffs with a varying degree of complexity, and as a solo lead instrument. Drumming characteristically focuses on driving rhythms, strong drum and a backbeat on snare. The bass guitar works in conjunction with the drums, occasionally playing riffs, vocals are often growling, raspy, or involve screaming or wailing, sometimes in a high range, or even falsetto voice. In the late 1960s, the heavy metal was used interchangeably with hard rock. Heavy metal took on darker characteristics after Black Sabbaths breakthrough at the beginning of the 1970s, in the 1980s it developed a number of subgenres, often termed extreme metal, some of which were influenced by hardcore punk, and which further differentiated the two styles. Despite this differentiation, hard rock and heavy metal have existed side by side, with bands frequently standing on the boundary of, other antecedents include Link Wrays instrumental Rumble in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as Lets Go Trippin and Misirlou. In the 1960s, American and British blues and rock bands began to rock and roll by adding harder sounds, heavier guitar riffs, bombastic drumming. From the late 1960s, it common to divide mainstream rock music that emerged from psychedelia into soft. Soft rock was often derived from rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody. In contrast, hard rock was most often derived from rock and was played louder. Blues rock acts that pioneered the sound included Cream, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, Cream, in songs like I Feel Free combined blues rock with pop and psychedelia, particularly in the riffs and guitar solos of Eric Clapton. Jimi Hendrix produced a form of blues-influenced psychedelic rock, which combined elements of jazz, blues and rock, from 1967 Jeff Beck brought lead guitar to new heights of technical virtuosity and moved blues rock in the direction of heavy rock with his band, The Jeff Beck Group
9.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
10.
Psychedelic rock
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Many psychedelic groups differ in style, and the label is often used indiscriminately. Musically, the effects may be represented via novelty studio tricks, electronic or non-Western instrumentation, disjunctive song structures, some of the earlier 1960s psychedelic rock musicians were based in folk, jazz, and the blues, while others showcased an explicit Indian classical influence called raga rock. In the 1960s, there existed two main variants of the genre, the whimsical British pop-psychedelia, and the harder American West Coast acid rock. While acid rock is often deployed interchangeably with the psychedelic rock, it can also refer more specifically to the heavier. The genre bridged the transition from early blues- and folk-based rock to rock and hard rock. Since the late 1970s it has revived in various forms of neo-psychedelia. The term psychedelic was first coined in 1956 by psychiatrist Humphry Osmond as a descriptor for hallucinogenic drugs in the context of psychedelic psychotherapy. As the countercultural scene developed in San Francisco, the acid rock. In the popular music of the early 1960s, it was common for producers, songwriters, and engineers to freely experiment with form, arrangements, unnatural reverb. Some of the best known examples are Phil Spectors Wall of Sound production formula, there was no transition to be made. You go from things like Flying Purple People Eater to I Am the Walrus, music critic Richie Unterberger says that attempts to pin down the first psychedelic record are therefore nearly as elusive as trying to name the first rock & roll record. Some of the far-fetched claims include the instrumental Telstar and the Dave Clark Fives massively reverb-laden Any Way You Want It, the first mention of LSD on a rock record was the Gamblers 1960 surf instrumental LSD25. American folk singer Bob Dylan was an influence on mid 1960s rock music. He led directly to the creation of rock and the psychedelic rock musicians that followed. Molly Longman of mic. com writes that, in terms of bridging the relationship between music and hallucinogens, the Beatles and the Beach Boys were the eras most pivotal acts. The considerable success enjoyed by these two bands allowed them the freedom to experiment with new technology over entire albums. In Unterbergers opinion, the Byrds, emerging from the Californian folk scene, with their ominous minor key melodies, hyperactive instrumental breaks, and use of Gregorian chants. In the songs lyric, the requests, Take me on a trip upon your magic swirling ship
11.
Progressive rock
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Progressive rock is a broad subgenre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s. Prog is based on fusions of styles, approaches and genres, Prog saw a high level of popularity in the early-to-mid 1970s, but faded soon after. Conventional wisdom holds that the rise of rock caused this. Music critics, who labelled the concepts as pretentious and the sounds as pompous and overblown. Early groups who exhibited progressive features are described as proto-prog. In 1967, progressive rock constituted a diversity of loosely associated style codes, the Canterbury scene, originating in the late 1960s, denoted a subset of prog bands who emphasised the use of wind instruments, complex chord changes and long improvisations. Rock in Opposition, from the late 1970s, was more avant-garde, in the 1980s, a new subgenre, neo-progressive rock, enjoyed some commercial success, although it was also accused of being derivative and lacking in innovation. Post-progressive draws upon newer developments in music and the avant-garde since the mid 1970s. The term progressive rock is synonymous with art rock, classical rock, historically, art rock has been used to describe at least two related, but distinct, types of rock music. Similarities between the two terms are that they describe a mostly British attempt to elevate rock music to new levels of artistic credibility. However, art rock is likely to have experimental or avant-garde influences. Prog was devised in the 1990s as a term, but later became a transferable adjective. Although a unidirectional English progressive style emerged in the late 1960s, by 1967, critics of the genre often limit its scope to a stereotype of long solos, overlong albums, fantasy lyrics, grandiose stage sets and costumes, and an obsessive dedication to technical skill. Author Kevin Holm-Hudson believes that rock is a style far more diverse than what is heard from its mainstream groups. They each do so largely unconsciously, academic John S. Cotner contests Macans view that progressive rock cannot exist without the continuous and overt assimilation of classical music into rock. Debate about the criteria and scope of the genre continues in the 2010s. In early references to the music, progressive was partly related to progressive politics, Cotner also says that progressive rock incorporates both formal and eclectic elements, It consists of a combination of factors – some of them intramusical, others extramusical or social. One way of conceptualising rock and roll in relation to music is that progressive music pushed the genre into greater complexity while retracing the roots of romantic
12.
Columbia Records
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Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, Inc. the United States division of Sony Corporation. It was founded in 1887, evolving from an enterprise named the American Graphophone Company. Columbia is the oldest surviving brand name in the sound business. Columbia Records went on to release records by an array of singers, instrumentalists. It is one of Sony Musics three flagship record labels alongside RCA Records and Epic Records, rather, as above, it was connected to CBS, a broadcasting media company which had purchased the company in 1938, and had been co-founded in 1927 by Columbia Records itself. Though Arista Records was sold to Bertelsmann Music Group, it would become a sister label of Columbia Records through its mutual connection to Sony Music. The Columbia Phonograph Company was founded in 1887 by stenographer, lawyer and New Jersey native Edward Easton and it derived its name from the District of Columbia, where it was headquartered. At first it had a monopoly on sales and service of Edison phonographs and phonograph cylinders in Washington. As was the custom of some of the regional companies, Columbia produced many commercial cylinder recordings of its own. Columbias ties to Edison and the North American Phonograph Company were severed in 1894 with the North American Phonograph Companys breakup, thereafter it sold only records and phonographs of its own manufacture. In 1902, Columbia introduced the XP record, a brown wax record. According to Gracyk, the molded brown waxes may have sold to Sears for distribution. Columbia began selling records and phonographs in addition to the cylinder system in 1901, preceded only by their Toy Graphophone of 1899. For a decade, Columbia competed with both the Edison Phonograph Company cylinders and the Victor Talking Machine Company disc records as one of the top three names in American recorded sound. In order to add prestige to its catalog of artists. The firm also introduced the internal-horn Grafonola to compete with the extremely popular Victrola sold by the rival Victor Talking Machine Company, during this era, Columbia used the famous Magic Notes logo—a pair of sixteenth notes in a circle—both in the United States and overseas. Columbia was split into two companies, one to make records and one to make players, Columbia Phonograph was moved to Connecticut, and Ed Easton went with it. Eventually it was renamed the Dictaphone Corporation, in late 1923, Columbia went into receivership
13.
CMC International
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CMC International was an American independent record label founded by Tom Lipsky in 1991, focused mainly on classic rock, and classic heavy metal. The label was the haven of many rock, arena rock, glam metal and AOR artists in the period when all the majors were investing all their financial efforts on grunge. In 1995 CMC started a partnership with BMG Entertainment, which in 1999 owned the majority of the company, CMC International became a division of Sanctuary Records Group in 2000, with Lipsky becoming president of Sanctuary Records North America. After Universal Music Group acquired Sanctuary in 2007, CMC International ceased to exist, Tom Lipsky is currently working as president of Roadrunner Records Loud & Proud division, always managing classic rock bands and artists. Accept Annihilator Pat Benatar Blackthorn Bruce Dickinson Blue Öyster Cult Christopher Cross Deep Purple Dokken Eddie Money The Fixx Iron Maiden Judas Priest Kix L. A
14.
Alice Cooper
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Alice Cooper is an American singer, songwriter, and actor whose career spans over five decades. He has drawn equally from horror films, vaudeville, and garage rock to pioneer a macabre, the band reached their commercial peak with the 1973 album Billion Dollar Babies. Furnier adopted the name as his own name in the 1970s. In 2011, he released Welcome 2 My Nightmare, his 19th album as a solo artist, in 2011, the original Alice Cooper band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Cooper is known for his social and witty persona offstage, with The Rolling Stone Album Guide calling him the worlds most beloved heavy metal entertainer. Away from music, Cooper is an actor, a golfing celebrity, a restaurateur, and, since 2004. Cooper was born in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Ella Mae and his father was a preacher in The Church of Jesus Christ headquartered in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. He has English, Huguenot French, Irish, Scottish, and he was named after his uncle, Vincent Collier Furnier, and the writer Damon Runyon. His paternal grandfather, Thurman Sylvester Furnier, was an apostle in the Church of Jesus Christ, Cooper was active in his church at the ages of 11 and 12. While growing up in Detroit, Cooper attended Washington Elementary School, in 1964, 16-year-old Furnier was eager to participate in the local annual Lettermans talent show, so he gathered fellow cross-country teammates to form a group for the show. Because they did not know how to play any instruments at the time, they dressed up like the Beatles and mimed their performance to Beatles songs. As a result of winning the talent show and loving the experience of being onstage and they soon renamed themselves The Spiders, featuring Furnier on vocals, Glen Buxton on lead guitar, John Tatum on rhythm guitar, Dennis Dunaway on bass guitar, and John Speer on drums. Musically, the group was inspired by such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Who, the Kinks, the Doors. For the next year the band performed regularly around the Phoenix area with a huge black spiders web as their backdrop, in 1965, the Spiders recorded their first single, Why Dont You Love Me, with Furnier learning the harmonica for the song. The singles B-side track was the Marvin Gaye Tamla Records hit Hitch Hike, the single was recorded at Copper State Recording Studio and issued by local micro-imprint Santa Cruz Records. By 1967, the band had begun to make regular trips to Los Angeles to play shows. They soon renamed themselves Nazz and released the single Wonder Whos Lovin Her Now, backed with future Alice Cooper track Lay Down and Die, around this time, drummer John Speer was replaced by Neal Smith. By the end of the year, the band had relocated to Los Angeles, in 1968, the band learned that Todd Rundgren also had a band called Nazz, and found themselves in need of another stage name
15.
Black Sabbath
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The band experienced multiple line-up changes, with Iommi being the only constant member throughout its history. Originally formed as a rock band, the group soon adopted the Black Sabbath moniker and began incorporating occult themes with horror-inspired lyrics. They also composed songs about social instability, political corruption and drugs, Osbournes regular use of alcohol and other drugs led to his dismissal from the band in 1979. He was replaced by former Rainbow vocalist Ronnie James Dio, in 1992, Iommi and Butler rejoined Dio and drummer Vinny Appice to record Dehumanizer. The original line-up reunited with Osbourne in 1997 and released a live album Reunion, Black Sabbaths final studio album and nineteenth overall,13, features all of the original members but Ward. A year after embarking on a tour, the band played their final concert in their home city of Birmingham on 4 February 2017. Iommi has stated, however, that he has not ruled out the possibility of new material or one-off shows under the Black Sabbath name, Black Sabbath are often cited as pioneers of heavy metal music. The band helped define the genre with releases such as Black Sabbath, Paranoid and they were ranked by MTV as the Greatest Metal Band of all time, and placed second in VH1s 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list. Rolling Stone magazine ranked them number 85 in their 100 Greatest Artists of All Time and they have sold over 70 million records worldwide. Black Sabbath were inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2005 and they have also won two Grammy Awards for Best Metal Performance. Following the break-up of their previous band Mythology in 1968, guitarist Tony Iommi and drummer Bill Ward sought to form a blues rock band in Aston. The new group was named the Polka Tulk Blues Band, the name taken either from a brand of talcum powder or an Indian/Pakistani clothing shop. The Polka Tulk Blues Band featured slide guitarist Jimmy Phillips, a friend of Osbournes. After shortening the name to Polka Tulk, the band changed their name to Earth and continued as a four-piece without Phillips. Iommi became concerned that Phillips and Clarke lacked the dedication and were not taking the band seriously. Rather than asking them to leave, they decided to break up. While the band was performing under the Earth title, they recorded several demos written by Norman Haines such as The Rebel, Song for Jim, the demo titled Song for Jim was in reference to Jim Simpson. Jim Simpson was a manager for the bands Bakerloo Blues Line, Simpson was also a trumpet player for the group Locomotive
16.
Patti Smith
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Patricia Lee Patti Smith is an American singer-songwriter, poet, and visual artist who became an influential component of the New York City punk rock movement with her 1975 debut album Horses. Called the punk poet laureate, Smith fused rock and poetry in her work and her most widely known song is Because the Night, which was co-written with Bruce Springsteen. It reached number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1978. In 2005, Patti Smith was named a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French Ministry of Culture, on November 17,2010, she won the National Book Award for her memoir Just Kids. The book fulfilled a promise she had made to her former roommate and partner. In Rolling Stone magazines list of 100 Greatest Artists published in December 2010 and she is also a recipient of the 2011 Polar Music Prize. Patricia Lee Smith was born in Chicago and her mother, Beverly, was a waitress, and her father, Grant, worked at the Honeywell plant. The family was of Irish ancestry and she spent her early childhood in the Germantown neighborhood of Philadelphia, before her family moved to Pitman, New Jersey and later to The Woodbury Gardens section of Deptford Township, New Jersey. Her mother was a Jehovahs Witness, man-made laws that you can either decide to abide by or not. Smith graduated from Deptford Township High School in 1964 and went to work in a factory and she gave birth to her first child, a daughter, on April 26,1967, and chose to place her for adoption. In 1967, she left Glassboro State College and moved to Manhattan and she met photographer Robert Mapplethorpe there while working at a book store with a friend, poet Janet Hamill. She and Mapplethorpe had a romantic relationship, which was tumultuous as the pair struggled with times of poverty. Smith considers Mapplethorpe to be one of the most important people in her life, Mapplethorpes photographs of her became the covers for the Patti Smith Group LPs, and they remained friends until Mapplethorpes death in 1989. In 1969 she went to Paris with her sister and started busking and doing performance art, when Smith returned to Manhattan, she lived in the Hotel Chelsea with Mapplethorpe, they frequented Maxs Kansas City and CBGB. Smith provided the spoken word soundtrack for Sandy Daleys art film Robert Having His Nipple Pierced, the same year Smith appeared with Wayne County in Jackie Curtiss play Femme Fatale. Afterward, she starred in Tony Ingrassias play Island. Marks Poetry Project, she spent the early 1970s painting, writing, in 1971 she performed – for one night only – in Cowboy Mouth, a play that she co-wrote with Sam Shepard. She wrote several poems, for sam shepard and Sam Shepard,9 Random Years about her relationship with Shepard, Smith was briefly considered for the lead singer position in Blue Öyster Cult
17.
Richie Castellano
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Richie Castellano is an American musician and engineer, notable as a member of the band Blue Öyster Cult. A fifth generation musician, Richie Castellano was born in Brooklyn, the Castellano family moved to Staten Island in 1985. He began to study guitar at the age of seven, among his early musical influences were Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Little Richard, Buddy Holly, and Ritchie Valens. By the early 1990s, influenced by the Beatles, he began songwriting, later influences included Yes, Genesis, and Emerson, Lake and Palmer. He also cites the music of Queen as an important influence on the development of his musical style, at that time, Castellano met Ron Bumblefoot Thal, who became one of his most important mentors. In 1997, inspired in part by Thals 1995 debut solo album The Adventures of Bumblefoot and this album, entitled Alone in My Basement, was surprisingly successful, selling out of its initial pressing within one month of its release. He won two songwriting awards for one of the songs from Alone in My Basement, the album was also acclaimed in EQ magazine for the unusual methods employed in its recording and production. He won a competition to write a song for his school graduation. Castellano graduated from Curtis High School in 1998, Castellano enrolled in the Conservatory of Music at the State University of New York at Purchase in 1998. He majored in Studio Production, studying the practice of digital recording. From 1999–2001, he produced and engineered Regina Spektors debut album,11,11, during the summer of 2000, Castellano studied advanced digital recording techniques and audio engineering at Wave Studio in Staten Island, under the instruction of Ron Thal. Castellano assisted Thal with the production of his album, Uncool and that year, he also began his association with Blue Öyster Cult as a substitute Front of House engineer. Also around this time, he and one of his professors, Grammy Award-nominated producer Dr. Joe Ferry, were involved in a band, Richie & the Pocketrockets. This band released one album, entitled Touch of Blue, The Blues Tribute to the Grateful Dead, Castellano earned his Masters degree in Music from the SUNY Purchase Conservatory of Music in December 2002. In December 2003, Castellano accompanied Blue Öyster Cult on a tour to Germany as their sound engineer, Castellano first performed with Blue Öyster Cult as bass guitarist in Las Vegas, Nevada on September 18,2004, shortly after Danny Miranda left the band. He remained in position until early 2007, when original member Allen Lanier retired from the band. At that time, Castellano filled the position of guitar and keyboards. By April 2007, the guitar position was filled by Rudy Sarzo on a semi-permanent basis
18.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
19.
(Don't Fear) The Reaper
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The Reaper is a song by the American rock band Blue Öyster Cult from their 1976 album, Agents of Fortune. It was written and sung by the lead guitarist, Donald Buck Dharma Roeser and was produced by David Lucas, Murray Krugman. The song is built around Dharmas opening, repetitive guitar riff, while the deal with eternal love. Dharma wrote the song while picturing an early death for himself, released as an edited single, the song was Blue Öyster Cults biggest chart success, reaching #7 in Cash Box and #12 on the Billboard Hot 100 in late 1976. Additionally, critical reception was positive and, in 2004. The song is about the inevitability of death and the foolishness of fearing it and he used Romeo and Juliet as motifs to describe a couple believing they would meet again in the afterlife. He guessed that 40,000 men and women died each day, the Reaper was written and sung by the bands lead guitarist, Dharma, and produced by David Lucas, Murray Krugman, and Sandy Pearlman. The songs distinctive guitar riff is built on the chord progression. The riff was recorded with Krugmanns Gibson ES-175 guitar, which was run through a Music Man 410 combo amplifier, the guitar solo and guitar rhythm sections were recorded in one take, while a four-track tape machine amplified them on the recording. Sound engineer Shelly Yakus remembers piecing together the separate vocals, guitar and rhythm section into a master track, Mojo described its creation, Guys, this is it. ’ engineer Shelly Yakus announced at the end of the first take. The song features prominent use of the percussion instrument, overdubbed on the original recording. Bassist Joe Bouchard remembered the producer requesting his brother, drummer Albert Bouchard, play the cowbell, but he put all this tape around a cowbell and played it. It really pulled the track together, however, producer David Lucas says that he played it, a claim supported by guitarist Eric Bloom. The song was on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for 20 weeks, reaching number 12 for the weeks beginning November 6 and it was BÖCs highest-charting U. S. song and helped Agents of Fortune reach number 29 on the Billboard 200. The Reaper charted even higher in Canada, peaking at number 7, the single edit was released in the UK in July 1976 but failed to chart. However the unedited version was released as a single in May 1978. Nathan Beckett called it BÖCs masterpiece and compared the vocals to the Beach Boys, writing for PopMatters, James Mann hailed it as a landmark, genre-defining masterpiece that was as grand and emotional as American rock and roll ever got. Pitchfork Media also referred to the song as a masterpiece, extremely poetic was the verdict of Fountains of Wayne founder Chris Collingwood
20.
Burnin' for You
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Burnin for You is a hit song by American hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult, from their Platinum Fire of Unknown Origin album, released in 1981. It hit #1 on the Billboard Top Tracks chart, and the single spent three weeks in the Top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and it was aided by a popular early MTV music video. The song, like BOCs other hit songs Godzilla and The Reaper, was sung by guitarist Buck Dharma, the song was on the 2001 Clear Channel memorandum list of deemed lyrically questionable songs after 9/11. Lisa Marie Presley covered this song on her 2005 album Now What, iced Earth did a cover of this song and Cities on Flame with Rock and Roll, another Blue Öyster Cult song, on their tribute album Tribute to the Gods. Shiny Toy Guns covered this song for the commercial for the 2010 Lincoln MKS. Mike Watt covered this song on the compilation Guilt by Association Vol.1 and it is a compilation album released September 4,2007 by Engine Room Recordings. It features indie rock artists covering well-known pop and R&B songs
21.
Shooting Shark
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The Revölution by Night is the ninth studio album by the American hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult, released in 1983. The album was intended to capitalize on the success of Fire of Unknown Origin just two years prior, hence the albums blend of straight-ahead rock and pop elements. This was the first album by the not to feature all of the bands classic members, drummer Albert Bouchard having been fired during the previous tour. Shooting Shark became a hit, and its accompanying video became one of MTVs most requested clips upon its release. The lyrics to Shooting Shark were based on a poem by Patti Smith, the song Take Me Away, co-written by Eric Bloom with Canadian rock musician Aldo Nova, also received significant airplay on AOR radio. Nonetheless, the failed to go Gold in the United States
22.
Music video
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A music video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings. There are also cases where songs are used in tie in marketing campaigns that allow them to more than just a song. Tie ins and merchandising could be used in toys or marketing campaigns for food, although the origins of music videos date back to musical short films that first appeared in the 1920s, they came into prominence in the 1980s when MTV based their format around the medium. Prior to the 1980s, these works were described by terms including illustrated song, filmed insert, promotional film, promotional clip, promotional video, song video. Music videos use a range of styles of contemporary videomaking techniques, including animation, live action filming, documentaries. Some music videos blend different styles, such as animation, music, combining these styles and techniques has become more popular because of the variation it presents to the audience. Many music videos interpret images and scenes from the songs lyrics, other music videos may be without a set concept, being merely a filmed version of the songs live performance. Product placement is a technique in music videos, exemplified by the appearance of the Beats Pill in numerous hip hop videos. In 1894, sheet music publishers Edward B, marks and Joe Stern hired electrician George Thomas and various performers to promote sales of their song The Little Lost Child. Using a magic lantern, Thomas projected a series of images on a screen simultaneous to live performances. This would become a form of entertainment known as the illustrated song. In 1926, with the arrival of many musical short films were produced. Vitaphone shorts featured many bands, vocalists and dancers, early 1930s cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on-camera in live-action segments during the cartoons. The early animated films by Walt Disney, such as the Silly Symphonies shorts and especially Fantasia, the Warner Brothers cartoons, even today billed as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Brothers musical films. Live action musical shorts, featuring such performers as Cab Calloway, were also distributed to theaters. Blues singer Bessie Smith appeared in a short film called St. Louis Blues featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period, soundies, produced and released from 1940 to 1947, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos
23.
MTV
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MTV is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1,1981, the originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as video jockeys. In its early years, MTVs main target demographic was young adults and it has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTVs influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years, in recent years, MTV had struggled with the secular decline of music-related cable media. In April 2016, MTV announced it would start to return to its original music roots with the reintroduction of the classic MTV series MTV Unplugged. It was also reported that the series MTV Cribs would be making a return on Snapchat, MTV has spawned numerous sister channels in the US and affiliated channels internationally, some of which have gone independent. As of July 2015, approximately 92,188,000 US households have received MTV, several earlier concepts for music video-based television programming had been around since the early 1960s. The Beatles had used music videos to promote their records starting in the mid-1960s, CBS rejected the idea, but Williams premiered his own musical composition Classical Gas on the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, where he was head writer. The series featured clips from various popular artists, but was canceled by its distributor in 1971. The channel, which featured video disc jockeys, signed a deal with US Cable in 1978 to expand its audience from retail to cable television, the service was no longer active by the time MTV launched in 1981. The QUBE system offered many specialized channels, One of these specialized channels was Sight on Sound, a music channel that featured concert footage and music-oriented television programs. With the interactive QUBE service, viewers could vote for their favorite songs, the original programming format of MTV was created by media executive Robert W. Pittman, who later became president and chief executive officer of MTV Networks. Pittman had test-driven the music format by producing and hosting a 15-minute show, Album Tracks, the inspiration for PopClips came from a similar program on New Zealands TVNZ network named Radio with Pictures, which premiered in 1976. The concept itself had been in the works since 1966, when record companies began supplying the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation with promotional music clips to play on the air at no charge. Few artists made the trip to New Zealand to appear live. A shortened version of the shuttle launch ID ran at the top of hour in various forms. The first music video shown on MTV was The Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star and this was followed by the video for Pat Benatars You Better Run. Sporadically, the screen would go black when an employee at MTV inserted a tape into a VCR, MTVs lower third graphics that appeared near the beginning and end of music videos would eventually use the recognizable Kabel typeface for about 25 years
24.
Rhythm guitar
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Therefore, the basic technique of rhythm guitar is to hold down a series of chords with the fretting hand while strumming rhythmically with the other hand. More developed rhythm techniques include arpeggios, damping, riffs, chord solos, in big band music, the guitarist is considered part of the rhythm section, alongside bass and drums. In some musical situations, such as a solo singer-guitarist, the guitar accompaniment provides all the rhythmic drive, in the most commercially available and consumed genres, electric guitars tend to dominate their acoustic cousins in both the recording studio and the live venue. However the acoustic guitar remains a popular choice in country, western and especially bluegrass music, most rhythms in rock and blues are based on 4/4 time with a backbeat, however, many variations are possible. A backbeat is a syncopated accentuation on the off beat, in a simple 4/4 rhythm these are beats 2 and 4. This requires rhythm guitarists to have a knowledge of how to use chord voicings, riffs. Three-chord progressions are common in pop and rock, using various combinations of the I, IV and V chords. Minor and modal chord progressions feature in popular music. One departure from the basic strummed chord technique is to play arpeggios, if this is done rapidly enough, listeners will still hear the sequence as harmony rather than melody. Arpeggiation is often used in folk, country, and heavy metal and it is also prominent in 1960s pop, such as The Animals House of the Rising Sun, and jangle pop from the 1980s onwards. Rhythm guitarists who use arpeggio often favor semi-acoustic guitars and twelve string guitars to get bright, the Soukous band TPOK Jazz additionally featured the unique role of mi-solo, guitarist, playing arpeggio patterns and filling a role between the lead and rhythm guitars. In some cases, the progression is implied with a simplified sequence of two or three notes, sometimes called a riff, that is repeated throughout the composition. In heavy metal music, this is expanded to more complex sequences comprising a combination of chords, single notes. The rhythm guitar part in compositions performed by more technically oriented bands often include riffs employing complex lead guitar techniques, in bands with two or more guitarists, the guitarists may exchange or even duplicate roles for different songs or different sections within a song. In those with a single guitarist, the guitarist may play lead and rhythm at different times or simultaneously, some rhythm techniques cross over into lead guitar playing. In guitar-bass-and-drums power trios guitarists must double up between rhythm and lead, for instance Jimi Hendrix combined full chords with solo licks, double stops and arpeggios. A recent innovation is the use of a pedal to record a chord sequence or riff over which the lead line can then be played. As a result, rhythm and lead players may use different guitars and amplifiers, Rhythm guitarists may employ an electric acoustic guitar or a humbucker-equipped electric guitar for a richer and fatter output
25.
Stony Brook University
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The State University of New York at Stony Brook is a public sea-grant and space-grant research university located in Stony Brook, New York in the United States. It is part of the State University of New York system, the institution was founded in 1957 in Oyster Bay as State University College on Long Island, and would evolve into the present university after a move to Stony Brook in 1962. Since its establishment in Stony Brook, the university has expanded to more than 200 major buildings with a combined area of more than 11 million gross square feet across 1,454 acres of land. In 2001, SUNY Stony Brook was elected to the Association of American Universities, joining four private universities and it is also a member of the larger Universities Research Association for which its president Samuel Stanley is a council president. Stony Brook is the largest single-site employer on Long Island, more than 24,500 students are enrolled at the university, which has over 14,500 employees and over 2,400 faculty. Stony Brook has a number of athletics teams, the Stony Brook Seawolves are members of the America East Conference and the Colonial Athletic Association competing at the Division I level of the NCAA since 1994. The State University of New York at Stony Brook was established in Oyster Bay in 1957 as the State University College on Long Island, by the governor and state of New York. Established almost a decade after the creation of New York’s public higher education system, leonard K. Olson was appointed as the first dean of the institution and was instrumental in the recruitment of faculty staff and planning of the later Stony Brook campus. SUCOLI opened with an class of 148 students, on the grounds of the William Robertson Coe Planting Fields estate. These first students were admitted on a tuition-free basis,1961 was a year of firsts as thirty students were conferred degrees in the first commencement and the University was appointed its first president, John Francis Lee. Lee left later that year due to political and bureaucratic matters regarding the future of the University, more recently, it has adopted the short-form name Stony Brook University. In 1963, only three years after the release of the Heald Report, the Governor commissioned the “Education of Health Professions” report, the report outlined the need for expansion of the university system to prepare medical professionals for the future needs of the state. In 1965 the State University appointed John S. Toll, a renowned physicist from the University of Maryland as the president of Stony Brook. In 1966 the University set forth initial timetables for the development of the Health Science Center which would house the University’s health programs, despite the budgetary concerns and challenges from Albany the University released a formalized plan early in 1968 and funding for recruitment of faculty was provided. At the same time, residential housing was expanded to 3,000, the Stony Brook Union opened in 1970, and in 1971, but the University lagged significantly in undergraduate education, prioritizing graduate education and research over undergraduate studies and student life. By 1975, enrollment had reached 16,000 and expansion crossed over Nicolls Road with the construction of the Health Science Center which would be completed in 1980, in 1981 John Marburger was inaugurated as the third president of the University and would continue the expansion of the institution. By the late 1980s the administration affirmed the need to other areas of the institution which included undergraduate education, student and residential life. The University approved a decision to transition athletics to the Division I of the NCAA and followed with the construction of the Stony Brook Arena, the 1990s affirmed Stony Brook’s success at building a research university with a strong undergraduate education
26.
Concert
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A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience. A recital is a concert by a soloist or small group which follows a program, a recitalist is a musician who gives frequent recitals. The invention of the piano recital has been attributed to Franz Liszt. The performance may be by a musician, sometimes then called a recital, or by a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra, choir. Indoor concerts held in the largest venues are sometimes called arena concerts or amphitheatre concerts, informal names for a concert include show and gig. Regardless of the venue, musicians perform on a stage. Concerts often require live event support with professional audio equipment, before recorded music, concerts provided the main opportunity to hear musicians play. The nature of a concert varies by musical genre, individual performers, concerts by a small jazz combo or small bluegrass band may have the same order of program, mood, and volume—but vary in music and dress. In a similar way, a musician, band, or genre of music might attract concert attendees with similar dress, hairstyle. For example, concert goers in the 1960s often had hair, sandals. Regular attendees to a concert venue might also have a style that comprises that venues scene. Other Types of concerts, To plan or arrange by mutual agreement, some performers or groups put on very elaborate and expensive shows. To create a memorable and exciting atmosphere and increase the spectacle, some singers, especially popular music, augment concert sound with pre-recorded accompaniment, back-up dancers, and even broadcast vocal tracks of the singers own voice. Activities during these concerts can include dancing, sing-alongs, and moshing, concerts involving a greater number of artists, especially those that last for multiple days, are known as festivals. Unlike other concerts, which remain in a single genre of music or work of a particular artist, festivals often cover a broad scope of music. Due to their size, festivals are almost exclusively held outdoors, new platforms for festivals are becoming increasingly popular such as Jam Cruise, which is a festival held on a cruise ship, as well as Mayan Holidaze, which is a destination festival held in Tulum. Often concert tours are named, to differentiate different tours by the same artist, different segments of longer concert tours are known as legs. In the largest concert tours it is becoming common for different legs to employ separate touring production crews and equipment
27.
Elektra Records
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Elektra Records is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group, founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt. It played an important role in the development of folk music. In 2004, it was consolidated into WMGs Atlantic Records Group, after five years of dormancy, the label was revived as an imprint of Atlantic in 2009. The label has been run by Gregg Nadel since 2015 who officially became its president in 2017, Elektra was formed in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt in Holzmans St. Johns College dorm room. The usual spelling of the Greek mythological Pleiad Electra was changed, Holzman famously explained, I gave her the ‘K’ that I lacked. He found the C in the name too soft but liked the solid bite of the letter K. The first Elektra LP, New Songs, was a collection of Lieder and similar art songs, Holzman also recorded Josh White, who was without a record deal as a result of McCarthyite blacklisting. In 1964, Elektra launched Nonesuch Records and this classical budget label was the best-selling budget classical label of the era. In 1965, Elektra began a joint venture with Survey Music called Bounty Records which was Elektras first foray into pop music. The most notable signing for Bounty was the Paul Butterfield Band who was moved over to Elektra when Bounty folded, the labels most important signings were the Chicago-based Paul Butterfield Blues Band, the Los Angeles bands Love and The Doors, and the Detroit bands The Stooges and MC5. Included in Elektras LA signings were Tim Buckley and Bread, in 1968, the label also signed pioneering rock guitar soloist Lonnie Mack to a three-album deal. Also in 1967, Elektra launched its influential Nonesuch Explorer Series, excerpts from several Nonesuch Explorer recordings were later included on the two Voyager Golden Discs which were sent into deep space in 1977 aboard the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 space probes. Elektra, along with its Nonesuch Records subsidiary, was acquired by Kinney National Services in 1970, soon afterwards, Kinney consolidated their label holdings under the Warner-Elektra-Atlantic umbrella. Holzman remained in charge of Elektra until 1972, when it merged with Asylum Records to become Elektra/Asylum Records, Asylums founder, David Geffen, would head the newly combined label. Holzman, in the meantime, was appointed vice president and chief technologist for Warner — ushering the company into home video. Holzman also went on to acquire Discovery Records, in 1975, Geffen stepped down due to health problems. He would be replaced by Joe Smith, who went on to become CEO of Capitol Records. Although the company was listed as Elektra/Asylum Records on the label credits
28.
Acoustical engineering
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Acoustical engineering is the branch of engineering dealing with sound and vibration. It is the application of acoustics, the science of sound and vibration, Acoustical engineers are typically concerned with the design, analysis and control of sound. One goal of engineering can be the reduction of unwanted noise. Unwanted noise can have significant impacts on animal and human health and well-being, reduce attainment by pupils in schools, acoustic engineers usually possess a bachelors degree or higher qualification in acoustics, physics or another engineering discipline. Practicing as an acoustic engineer usually requires a degree with significant scientific. Acoustic engineers might work in consultancy, specializing in particular fields, such as architectural acoustics. Acousticians are also involved in researching and understanding sound scientifically, some positions, such as faculty require a Doctor of Philosophy. In most countries, a degree in acoustics can represent the first step towards professional certification, after completing a certified degree program the engineer must satisfy a range of requirements before being certified. Once certified, the engineer is designated the title of Chartered Engineer, the listed subdisciplines are loosely based on the PACS coding used by the Acoustical Society of America. Aeroacoustics is concerned with how noise is generated by the movement of air, for instance via turbulence, aeroacoustics plays an important role in understanding how noise is generated by aircraft and wind turbines, as well as exploring how wind musical instruments work. Audio signal processing is the manipulation of audio signals using analog. Perceptual coding in MP3 and Opus, and to understand the content of the signal, audio engineers develop and use audio signal processing algorithms. Architectural acoustics is the science and engineering of achieving a good sound within a building, architectural acoustic design is usually done by acoustic consultants. Bioacoustics usually concerns the study of sound production and hearing in animals. This branch of acoustic engineering deals with the design of headphones, microphones, loudspeakers, sound systems, sound reproduction, environmental acoustics work is usually done by acoustic consultants or those working in environmental health. Recent research work has put an emphasis on soundscapes, the positive use of sound. Musical acoustics is concerned with researching and describing the physics of music, noise control is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution by reducing noise at its source, by inhibiting sound propagation using noise barriers or similar, or by the use of ear protection. Control at the source is the most cost-effective way of providing noise control, noise control engineering applied to cars and trucks is known as noise, vibration, and harshness
29.
Upstate New York
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Upstate New York is the portion of the American state of New York lying north of New York City. The region includes most of the state of New York, excluding New York City and its environs, as well as Long Island, Upstate New York includes the major cities of Buffalo, Rochester, Albany, and Syracuse. Before the American Revolutionary War, Upstate was populated by Native Americans, the region saw many battles between the Continental Army and the Iroquois, and several treaties drawn up after the war ceded much of the land to settlers of European descent. As a result, Upstate became a hotbed for manufacturing, giving birth to such firms as General Electric, IBM, Kodak, and Xerox, and it welcomed a large influx of immigrants. Since the mid 20th century, American de-industrialization has contributed to economic and population decline Upstate, unlike the New York metropolitan area, Upstate New York contains vast areas of rural land. As a result, Upstate also supports a strong industry, and is notable for its milk and dairy products, its fruit production. New York City is dependent on the resources of Upstate for a variety of services, including the citys water supply. The region is home to popular tourist and recreational destinations, including Niagara Falls, the Adirondack and Catskill Mountains. There is no official boundary between Upstate New York and Downstate New York. The broadest usage of the term Upstate New York excludes only New York City and Long Island, which are always considered to be part of Downstate New York. Another usage locates the Upstate/Downstate boundary further north, at the point where New York Citys suburbs segue into its exurbs, yet another definition uses the prior Census definition of the New York metropolitan area, which until 2010 included Westchester, Rockland, and Putnam Counties. This was the used by the plaintiffs in the federal redistricting case of Rodriguez v. Pataki. Residents of Upstate New York sometimes prefer to identify with a more specific subregion, a number of businesses and institutions in the area have Upstate as part of their name. The other regions of New York State are culturally and economically distinct from the New York City area, the states major metropolitan areas outside of New York City are Buffalo, Rochester, Albany-Schenectady-Troy, and Syracuse, each of whose population exceeds 500,000. The different regions of New York State are influenced by and have affinities with other adjacent regions, Western New York has cultural and economic ties to the other Great Lakes states as well as Southern Ontario. The Capital District, the Hudson Valley, the Mohawk Valley, the North Country, the extreme northern portion of the state, also has strong cultural, economic, linguistic and familial ties to Quebec and Eastern Ontario. Thus, Plattsburgh has close ties to its neighbors in the Montreal area as well as Vermont, much of New York State receives television and radio broadcasts from Canada and there are often other cross-border ties, both historical and familial. A similar relationship can be seen in Northern New England, the Hudson and lower Mohawk Valley has more in common dialectologically with western New England and New York City
30.
St. Cecilia: The Elektra Recordings
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St. Cecilia, The Elektra Recordings is a compilation album by the American rock band Stalk-Forrest Group, which would later become the successful hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult. The tracks were recorded in 1969 and early 1970, but not officially released until 2001, the album compiles all the recorded output by the group that was recorded for Elektra Records during their short tenure with the label. The band had recorded demos for Elektra Records in 1969 with original vocalist Les Braunstein, Elektra signed the group based on the demos with a $100,000 advance. When vocalist Braunstein left the band, the group re-recorded the songs in New York with new vocalist, the 10-song album was turned in to Elektra completed, mixed and mastered, ready for release. For reasons unclear, Elektra decided not to put out the recordings, back to square one, the band then recorded new demos of several of the songs for Columbia Records in hopes of scoring a record deal. Some of these Columbia demos eventually surfaced as bonus tracks on the version of the first Blue Öyster Cult album in 2001. Meanwhile, the band had changed its name to Oaxaca, ultimately, after being presented with the two different versions of the album, Elektra decided not to release it again, and dropped the band from the label. These recordings finally surfaced as a bootleg in the late 1990s and this same release was reissued in 2013 by Wounded Bird Records and is also now out of print. Inferior bootleg versions of the album with a track listing are available as grey-area releases, such as St. Cecilia. These releases are not made from the master tapes like the Rhino/Wounded Bird release. The groups founder and bass player, Andrew Winters, was pushed out of the band by drummer Albert Bouchard so that his brother could take Andrews place and this is what led to the band being dropped by Elektra. The band renamed themselves Blue Öyster Cult, and they would secure a solid recording contract with Columbia Records in 1971. The song Im on the Lamb was re-recorded for Blue Öyster Cults first proper album Blue Öyster Cult in 1971 and it was re-worked and recorded again for the Tyranny & Mutation album, under the title The Red and the Black. The very last part of the song Gil Blanco County would later re-emerge at the end of The Reaper on the live album Some Enchanted Evening. The chord changes for Arthur Comics were recycled for the instrumental Bucks Boogie, more directly, however, the bridge from Gil Blanco County was used as the main development section in Bucks Boogie, although the progression is in D rather than Db in Bucks Boogie. Demo versions of three songs from album, appear on the remastered CD of the album Blue Öyster Cult. Another song from sessions, John L. Sullivan, was released on the 2001 promo-only CD God Save Blue Oyster Cult From Themselves. It was also included in the 2012 Blue Öyster Cult box set compiles all the bands output during their time at Columbia
31.
David Lucas (composer)
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David Lucas is an American rock and roll composer, singer, and music producer. He has written a number of jingles, such as AT&Ts Reach Out. In 1981, he received a Clio Award for composing the music to Pepsis Catch That Pepsi Spirit, as a record producer, he worked with many new artists such as Blue Öyster Cult. In June 2011, Lucas was inducted into Buffalos Music Hall of Fame, Lucas was born David Helfman on April 21,1937 in Buffalo, New York. By the age of four, he was singing with his parents in the Buffalo area and he briefly attended Bennett High School in Buffalo, where he sang in the choir, and then in 1951 transferred to Miami Beach Senior High School, graduating in 1955. He continued with record promotion until he was drafted into the United States Army, after which he moved to Miami Beach and he made ends meet by selling vacuum cleaners during the day, and attending night school to learn about mutual funds. While in Miami, he met drummer and bandleader Buddy Rich, and joined him for a world tour, after which Lucas moved to Los Angeles. In Las Vegas, he sang at the Sahara Hotel, where he was noticed by popular singer Doris Day, who was impressed, Lucas then recorded So Until I See You, a song by composer Al Lerner which became the closing theme for Jack Paars The Tonight Show. Lucas then moved to New York City where he took odd jobs, including becoming a sound engineer for his cousin, jazz musician. He worked with such as Laura Nyro, Ravi Shankar, Tim Rose, Cass Elliot, Janis Ian, Jimmy Smith, Bill Evans, Mel Tormé. In 1964 he joined a quintet formed by Dave Lambert, Lambert and this quintet, though it never recorded any albums, was notable because it became the subject of a 15-minute documentary by D. A. Pennebaker, called Audition at RCA. The scenes in the documentary were some of the last images recorded of Lambert, in the late 1960s, Lucas began writing his own commercial jingle melodies, such as Macleans Toothpaste. He eventually passed off his job to Jay Messina, and opened his own company, David Lucas Associates. In 1969, Quincy Jones introduced Lucas to Cy Coleman, who signed him to Colemans Notable Music Publishing Company, along with writing jingles, Lucas continued with other projects as well. He produced the first recordings of the blues band Raven, enabling them to secure a contract with Columbia Records, in 1973, Lucas formed a new partnership with Tom McFaul, and they founded their own studio. Situated in an old warehouse, they called it the Warehouse Recording Studio. They employed a dozen people, and Lucas composed and produced thousands of jingles for national brands. We Bring Good Things To Life, Lipton puts Summer on Ice, and a jingle for Mercury Cougar
32.
Clive Davis
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Clive Jay Davis is an American record producer, A&R executive and music industry executive. He has won five Grammy Awards and is a member of the Rock, from 1967 to 1973, Davis was the president of Columbia Records. He was the founder and president of Arista Records from 1975 through 2000 until founding J Records, from 2002 until April 2008, Davis was the chairman and CEO of the RCA Music Group, chairman and CEO of J Records, and chairman and CEO of BMG North America. Currently Davis is the chief officer of Sony Music Entertainment. He currently plays a part in the careers of TLC, Rod Stewart, Air Supply, Alicia Keys, Barry Manilow, Christina Aguilera, Carlos Santana, Kelly Clarkson, Leona Lewis, Davis is also credited with bringing Whitney Houston and Barry Manilow to prominence. Davis was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a Jewish family and his father was an electrician and salesman. Davis was raised in the neighborhood of Crown Heights, Brooklyn. His mother died at age 47, and his father died the year when Davis was only a teenager. He then moved in with his sister in Bayside, Queens, New York City. He received a scholarship to New York University College of Arts and Science. He received a scholarship to Harvard Law School, where he was a member of the Board of Student Advisers. Davis practiced law in a firm in New York, then moved on to the firm of Rosenman, Colin, Kaye, Petschek. Davis was subsequently hired by a colleague at the firm, Harvey Schein, to become assistant counsel of CBS subsidiary Columbia Records at age 28. As part of a reorganization of Columbia Records Group, group president Goddard Lieberson appointed Davis as administrative vice president, in 1966, CBS formed the Columbia-CBS Group which reorganized CBSs recorded music operations into CBS Records with Davis heading the new unit. The next year, Davis was appointed president and became interested in the newest generation of rock and rock. One of his earliest pop signings was the British folk-rock musician Donovan, in June 1967, at the urging of his friend and business associate Lou Adler, Davis attended the Monterey Pop Festival. The company, which had previously avoided rock music, doubled its share in three years. One of the most commercially successful recordings released during Davis tenure at Columbia was Lynn Andersons Rose Garden and it was Davis who insisted Rose Garden be the country singers next single release
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The Byrds
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The Byrds /ˈbɜːrdz/ were an American rock band, formed in Los Angeles, California in 1964. The band underwent multiple changes throughout its existence, with frontman Roger McGuinn remaining the sole consistent member. Initially, they pioneered the genre of folk rock, melding the influence of the Beatles and other British Invasion bands with contemporary. As the 1960s progressed, the band was influential in originating psychedelic rock, raga rock. The bands signature blend of clear harmony singing and McGuinns jangly twelve-string Rickenbacker guitar has continued to be influential on popular music up to the present day, among the bands most enduring songs are their cover versions of Bob Dylans Mr. Tambourine Man and Pete Seegers Turn. Turn. along with the originals, Ill Feel a Whole Lot Better, Eight Miles High, So You Want to Be a Rock n Roll Star, Ballad of Easy Rider. The original five-piece lineup of the Byrds consisted of Jim McGuinn, Gene Clark, David Crosby, Chris Hillman, and Michael Clarke. However, this version of the band was relatively short-lived and by early 1966, Clark had left due to associated with anxiety. The Byrds continued as a quartet until late 1967, when Crosby, McGuinn and Hillman decided to recruit new members, including country rock pioneer Gram Parsons, but by late 1968, Hillman and Parsons had also exited the band. McGuinn disbanded the current lineup in early 1973, to make way for a reunion of the original quintet. The Byrds final album was released in March 1973, with the group disbanding soon afterwards. In the late 1980s, Gene Clark and Michael Clarke both began touring as the Byrds, prompting a legal challenge from McGuinn, Crosby, and Hillman over the rights to the bands name. As a result of this, McGuinn, Crosby, and Hillman performed a series of concerts as the Byrds in 1989 and 1990. In January 1991, the Byrds were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, McGuinn, Crosby, and Hillman still remain active but Gene Clark died of a heart attack in May 1991, and Michael Clarke died of liver failure in December 1993. The nucleus of the Byrds formed in early 1964, when Jim McGuinn, Gene Clark, All three musicians had a background rooted in folk music, with each one having worked as a folk singer on the acoustic coffeehouse circuit during the early 1960s. McGuinn had also spent time as a songwriter at the Brill Building in New York City. By early 1964, McGuinn had become enamored with the music of the Beatles, soon after, David Crosby introduced himself to the duo at The Troubadour and began harmonizing with them on some of their songs. Impressed by the blend of their voices, the three formed a trio and named themselves the Jet Set, a moniker inspired by McGuinns love of aeronautics
34.
Mahavishnu Orchestra
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Mahavishnu Orchestra were a multinational jazz-rock fusion band formed in New York City in 1971 by English guitarist John McLaughlin. The group underwent several changes throughout its history across two stints from 1971 to 1976 and 1984 to 1987. McLaughlin had worked with Cobham and Goodman on his solo album My Goals Beyond, and asked Cobham to become the drummer in his new jazz-rock fusion band he wished to form. The violin was an instrument that had interested McLaughlin since childhood, after listening to various albums with a violinist, he hired Goodman of The Flock. Although bassist Tony Levin was the first person McLaughlin wanted to join the band, Laird had known McLaughlin for several years, Hammer was found through the mutual friendship with Miroslav Vitous of Weather Report. The group first met in July 1971, and rehearsed for one week and their first live performance followed at the The Gaslight Cafe in New York City, where they were the opening act for bluesman John Lee Hooker. McLaughlin recalled, The first set was shaky but the set just took off. They wanted to hold us over and a few days after the second week, McLaughlin had particular ideas for the instrumentation of the group, in keeping with his highly original concept of genre-blending in composition. He particularly wanted a violinist as a contributor to its overall sound. Due to the pressures of fame, exhaustion and a lack of communication. The stress was exacerbated by a disastrous recording session at Londons Trident Studios that found some of the players not speaking to others. Their project was never fully completed, the last straw came as John McLaughlin read an interview in Crawdaddy magazine in which Jan Hammer and Jerry Goodman expressed their frustrations with Johns leadership style. An effort to fix things back in New York fell through, later on in the 1970s, McLaughlin stated in an interview in Gig magazine that he would like the album to come out, as he thought it was good. In its place, the live album Between Nothingness & Eternity was released featuring material from the studio album, almost 30 years later, during the beginning of a renaissance of Mahavishnus music, the incomplete album from the failed London recording was released as The Lost Trident Sessions. This new Mahavishnu Orchestra changed personnel slightly between 1974s Apocalypse and Visions of the Emerald Beyond in 1975, Apocalypse was recorded in London with the London Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Michael Tilson Thomas, with George Martin producing and Geoff Emerick engineering the sessions. Ponty would later settle over the royalties for the tracks Pegasus and Opus 1 for an amount of money. In 1984, McLaughlin reformed the Mahavishnu Orchestra with Bill Evans on saxophones, Jonas Hellborg on bass, Mitchel Forman on keyboards, and original member Billy Cobham on drums. Cobham participated in the sessions for their self-titled 1984 album, but was replaced by Danny Gottlieb for live work and this bands overall sound was different from the original Mahavishnu Orchestra, in particular because of McLaughlins extensive use of the Synclavier synthesizer system
35.
Tyranny and Mutation
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Tyranny and Mutation is the second studio album by the American hard rock band Blue Öyster Cult, released on February 11,1973 by Columbia Records. The album was recorded from songs written while touring in support of their eponymous debut album, baby Ice Dog features lyrics by poet Patti Smith, who would make several more lyrical contributions to the bands repertoire over their career. The song The Red and the Black is a re-titled, re-recorded version of Im on the Lamb But I Aint No Sheep from their previous album, the lyrics are a reference to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The Rolling Stone Album Guide has described the album as one molten hook after another, on at least one pressing of the album on CD prior to the 2001 remaster, some of the segues between songs are mispositioned. This affects every track except for the last
36.
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
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The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is both a federal and a national police force of Canada. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police was formed in 1920 by the merger of the Royal Northwest Mounted Police with the Dominion Police, the former was originally named the North-West Mounted Police, and was given the Royal prefix by King Edward VII in 1904. The RCMP-GRC wording is protected under the Trade-marks Act, larger cities may form their own municipal police departments. The two most populous provinces, Ontario and Quebec, maintain provincial forces, the Ontario Provincial Police, the other eight provinces contract policing responsibilities to the RCMP. The RCMP provides front-line policing in those provinces under the direction of the provincial governments, when Newfoundland joined the confederation in 1949, the RCMP entered the province and absorbed the then Newfoundland Ranger Force, which patrolled most of Newfoundlands rural areas. The Royal Newfoundland Constabulary patrols urban areas of the province, in the territories, the RCMP is the sole territorial police force. Many municipalities throughout Canada contract to the RCMP, thus, the RCMP polices at the federal, provincial, and municipal level. It is the police force of any sort in several areas of Canada. The RCMP is responsible for an unusually large breadth of duties, under their federal mandate, the RCMP police throughout Canada, including Ontario and Quebec. Under provincial and municipal contracts the RCMP provides front-line policing in all areas outside of Ontario, there are detachments located in small villages in the far north, remote First Nations reserves, and rural towns, but also larger cities such as Surrey, British Columbia. There, support units investigate for their own detachments, and smaller municipal police forces, investigations include major crimes, homicides, forensic identification, collision forensics, police dogs, emergency response teams, explosives disposal, and undercover operations. CSIS is not part of the RCMP, but is its own entity, Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald first began planning a permanent force to patrol the North-West Territories after the Dominion of Canada purchased the territory from the Hudsons Bay Company. Reports from Army officers surveying the territory led to the recommendation that a force of between 100 to 150 mounted riflemen could maintain law and order. The Prime Minister first announced the force as the North West Mounted Rifles, however, officials in the United States raised concerns that an armed force along the border was a prelude to a military buildup. Macdonald then renamed the force the North-West Mounted Police when formed in 1873, the force added Royal to its name in 1904. It merged with the Dominion Police, the police force for all points east of Manitoba. As part of its security and intelligence functions, the RCMP infiltrated ethnic or political groups considered to be dangerous to Canada. This included the Communist Party of Canada, but also a variety of minority cultural, the force was also deeply involved in immigration matters, and especially deportations of suspected radicals
37.
Spectres (album)
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Spectres is the fifth studio album by Blue Öyster Cult, released in November 1977. The album was certified gold in January 1978 and contained the rock hits Godzilla, Death Valley Nights. Ready 2 Rock and I Love the Night, the cover art is demonstrative of Blue Öyster Cults use of lasers in their live show at that time. Though the album did not remain on the charts as long as its predecessor Agents of Fortune, a remaster of this album was released on CD on February 13,2007 and included four previously unreleased outtakes from Spectres sessions as bonus tracks. As of June 2012, this was the last studio album to have been remastered and reissued with bonus tracks in Blue Öyster Cults catalogue, the master track is featured in Guitar Hero, Smash Hits, and as downloadable content for the Rock Band series. American jam band moe. has covered Godzilla in concert numerous times, a live cover of Godzilla by heavy metal singer Sebastian Bach was released on his Bring Em Bach Alive. Goin Through the Motions was later covered by Bonnie Tyler on her album Faster Than the Speed of Night
