The bombard is a type of cannon or mortar which was used throughout the Late Middle Ages and the early modern period. Bombards were mainly large calibre, muzzle-loading artillery pieces used during si
Bombard mortar and granite ball projectile of the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem, Rhodes, 1480–1500. Founded at the request of Pierre d'Aubusson, the bombard was used for close defense of the walls (100–200 m (110–220 yd)) at the Siege of Rhodes. It fired 260 kg (570 lb) granite balls. The bombard weighs about 3,325 kg (7,330 lb). Musée de l'Armée.
Two gun ports (circled) cut into the seaside walls of Quarr Abbey in 1365.
Early depiction of a trestle-mounted bombard in action. Grandes Chroniques de France, 1390–1405
James II was King of Scots from 1437 until his death in 1460. The eldest surviving son of James I of Scotland, he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of six. James began his personal rule in 1
Bombard (weapon)
…the use of bombards. Henry V captured Harfleur with bombards in 1415. King Henry's army later came under artillery fire at the Battle of Agincourt. James II of Scotland destroyed many castles with his one and a half ton cannon named "The Lion". The French conquest of the English king's holdings in France saw the use…
Contemporary image of the king, showing his distinctive facial birthmark
James II's mother, Joan Beaufort, who struggled for political influence in Scotland until her death in 1445.
The Battle of Sark, fought in 1448, when a Scottish army defeated a large English raid on Annandale.
Mary of Guelders, whom James II married in 1449. The king's marriage signalled the beginning of his personal rule.