The Brønsted–Lowry theory is an acid–base reaction theory, developed independently in 1923 by physical chemists Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and Thomas Martin Lowry. The basic concept of this theory is
Johannes Brønsted
Thomas Martin Lowry 2
Acid
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An acid is a molecule or ion capable of either donating a proton, known as a Brønsted–Lowry acid, or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair, known as a Lewis acid.
Zinc, a typical metal, reacting with hydrochloric acid, a typical acid
Svante Arrhenius
Hydrochloric acid (in beaker) reacting with ammonia fumes to produce ammonium chloride (white smoke)
This is an ideal titration curve for alanine, a diprotic amino acid. Point 2 is the first equivalent point where the amount of NaOH added equals the amount of alanine in the original solution.