Brahmi script
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Brahmi is a writing system from ancient India that appeared as a fully developed script in the 3rd century BCE. Its descendants, the Brahmic scripts, continue to be used today across South and Southea
A later (mistaken) theory of a pictographic-acrophonic origin of the Brahmi script, on the model of the Egyptian hieroglyphic script, by Alexander Cunningham in 1877.
Coin (circa 180 BCE) of Agathocles with Indian deities, in Greek and Brahmi. Obverse: With Greek legend: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΓΑΘΟΚΛΕΟΥΣ (Basileōs Agathokleous). Reverse: With Brahmi legend:𑀭𑀸𑀚𑀦𑁂 𑀅𑀕𑀣𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀮𑀬𑁂𑀲 Rājane Agathukleyesa .
A proposed connection between the Brahmi and Indus scripts, made in the 19th century by Alexander Cunningham.
Hindu–Arabic numeral system
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The Hindu–Arabic numeral system is a base ten positional numeral system. It is presently the most common decimal system.
The Arabic numeral system first appeared in Europe in the Spanish Codex Vigilanus, year 976.
Gregor Reisch, Madame Arithmatica, 1503
Adam Ries, Rechenung auff der linihen und federn, 1522
Two arithmetic books published in 1514 – Köbel (left) using a calculation table and Böschenteyn using numerals