Brazilian gold rush
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The Brazilian gold rush started in the 1690s, in the then Portuguese colony of Brazil in the Portuguese Empire. The gold rush opened up the major gold-producing area of Ouro Preto, then known as Vila
Ciclo do Ouro (gold cycle), painting by Rodolfo Amoedo
Brazilian coffee cycle
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In Brazil's economic history, the coffee cycle was a period in which coffee was the main export product of the Brazilian economy. It began in the mid-19th century and ended in 1930. The coffee cycle s
The Bloom (Portuguese: A Florada), painting by Antonio Ferrigno (1903). Ipiranga Museum collection
First Coffee Seedlings, 1760 (Portuguese: Primeiras Mudas de Café, 1760), painting by Alfredo Norfini, Ipiranga Museum collection
Purple soil
Slaves on a coffee plantation circa 1882