Bread pudding is a bread-based dessert popular in many countries' cuisines, made with stale bread and milk or cream containing eggs, a form of fat such as oil, butter or suet, depending on whether the pudding is sweet or savory, a variety of other ingredients. Sweet bread puddings may use sugar, honey, dried fruit, nuts, as well as spices such as cinnamon, mace, or vanilla; the bread is soaked in the liquids, mixed with the other ingredients, baked. Savory puddings may be served as main courses, while sweet puddings are eaten as desserts. In other languages, its name is a translation of "bread pudding" or just "pudding", for example "pudín" or "budín". In the Philippines, banana bread pudding is popular. In Mexico, there is a similar dish eaten during Lent called capirotada. In the United Kingdom, it is said to be a moist version of Nelson Cake, hence the nickname, "Wet Nelly". In Belgium Brussels, it is baked with brown sugar, old bread, raisins or apple. In Canada, bread pudding is sometimes made with maple syrup.
In Hong Kong, bread pudding is served with vanilla cream dressing. In Hungary, it is called'Máglyarakás', baked with whipped egg whites on top of it. In Malaysia, bread pudding is eaten with custard sauce. In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, black bread is used to make "black bread pudding". In Puerto Rico, bread pudding is soaked over night in coconut milk and served with a guava rum sauce. In the United States Louisiana, bread puddings are sweet and served as dessert with a sweet sauce of some sort, such as whiskey sauce, rum sauce, or caramel sauce, but sprinkled with sugar and eaten warm in squares or slices. Sometimes, bread pudding is served warm topped with or alongside a dollop of whipped cream or a scoop of vanilla ice cream. In Argentina and Uruguay bread pudding is known as "budín de pan". In Panama, bread pudding is known as "mamallena". In Aruba, bread pudding is known as "pan bolo". In Cuba, bread pudding is known as "pudín" and many serve it with a guava marmalade. In Chile, bread pudding is known as "colegial" or "budín de pan"
Vinalhaven is a town located on the larger of the two Fox Islands in Knox County, United States. Vinalhaven is used to refer to the Island itself; the population was 1,165 at the 2010 census. It hosts a summer colony. Since there is no bridge to the island, Vinalhaven is accessible from Rockland via an hour-and-fifteen-minute ferry ride across West Penobscot Bay, or by air taxi from Knox County Regional Airport. Archeological remains indicate that the island was first inhabited 3800–5000 years ago by the Red Paint People, it became Abenaki territory. Europeans visited in the 16th century, English Capt. Martin Pring named the archipelago Fox Islands in 1603; the first permanent English settlement occurred in 1766 when Thaddeus Carver from Marshfield, Massachusetts and purchased 700 acres from Thomas Cogswell on the southern shore near what would become known as Carver's Harbor. Others soon followed to establish the remote farming community in the Gulf of Maine; the first families of Vinalhaven are considered to be Arey, Carver, Dyer, Greem, Lane, Norton, Pierce, Smith and Vinal.
On June 25, 1789, Vinalhaven was incorporated as a town, named for John Vinal. Vinal was not an island resident the agent who petitioned the Maine General Court to incorporate the new township. In 1847, the North Fox Island became a separate township called North Haven. Fishing, shipbuilding and shipping were important early businesses on Vinalhaven. High quality granite was discovered in 1826, Vinalhaven became one of Maine's largest quarrying centers for the next century. Today the island is dotted with abandoned old quarries, many of which have since filled with groundwater and are popular swimming holes for residents and visitors alike. Pinkish-gray Vinalhaven granite, excavated by the Bodwell Granite Company, can be seen in the State Department Building in Washington, New York City's Brooklyn Bridge, the Union Mutual Life Insurance Building in Boston. Granite was shipped for customs houses and post offices in New York; the Vinalhaven quarries were the only ones deep enough to provide the eight huge polished columns called for in the original plans for the apse of the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine in New York City.
The quarries provided foundation stone for the cathedral. A noted lobster fishing community, Vinalhaven has fishing rights to much of Penobscot Bay and its offshore waters. There are ten major fishing grounds around Vinalhaven that the island's fishermen and some Matinicus Isle fishermen have used for centuries to capture such groundfish as cod, pollock, lobster and halibut. Shrimp, dogfish and herring are abundant in the waters around Vinalhaven. Vinalhaven lobstermen were the first in the nation to unionize, they began to organize in the winter of 2012-13, after frustration with low lobster prices being paid to them and disagreements with the Maine Lobstermen's Associations leadership. The 2006 movie Islander was filmed, on Vinalhaven. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 168.69 square miles, of which, 23.46 square miles of it is land and 145.23 square miles is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 1,165 people, 545 households, 320 families residing in the town.
The population density was 49.7 inhabitants per square mile. There were 1,295 housing units at an average density of 55.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 97.6% White, 0.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% from other races, 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.2% of the population. There were 545 households of which 24.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.2% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, 41.3% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.4% had someone living alone, 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.70. The median age in the town was 45.1 years. 19.5% of residents were under the age of 18. The gender makeup of the town was 48.8 % female. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,235 people, 550 households, 341 families residing in the town.
The population density was 48.8 people per square mile. There were 1,228 housing units at an average density of 48.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 98.14% White, 0.32% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 1.21% from two or more races. There were 550 households, out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.0% were non-families. 32.5% of all households
The Cairn Terrier is one of the oldest terrier breeds, originating in the Scottish Highlands and recognized as one of Scotland's earliest working dogs. The breed was given the name Cairn because the breed's function was to hunt and chase quarry between the cairns in the Scottish highlands. Although the breed had existed long before, the name Cairn Terrier was a compromise suggestion after the breed was brought to official shows in the United Kingdom in 1909 under the name Short-haired Skye terriers; this name was not acceptable to The Kennel Club due to opposition from Skye Terrier breeders, the name Cairn Terrier was suggested as an alternative. They are left-pawed, shown in dogs to correlate to superior performance in tasks related to scent. Cairn terriers are ratters. Cairns originated in the Scottish Highlands and the Isle of Skye grouped in the "Skye Terrier" class alongside the Scottish and West Highland White Terriers. In the early 1900s, the three breeds began to be bred separately; the Kennel Club of the United Kingdom gave the Cairn Terrier a separate register in 1912.
The Cairn Terrier has a harsh weather-resistant outer coat that can be black, wheaten, sandy, gray, or brindled in any of these colors. Pure black and tan, white are not permitted by many kennel clubs. While registration of white Cairns was once permitted, after 1917, the American Kennel Club required them to be registered as West Highland White Terriers. A notable characteristic of Cairns is that brindled Cairns change colour throughout their lifetimes, it is not uncommon for a brindled Cairn to become silver as it ages. The Cairn is double-coated, with a harsh outer coat. A well-groomed Cairn has free of artifice or exaggeration; the Cairn Terrier was registered into the American Kennel Club in 1903. Cairn Terriers tend to look similar with some differences, their outer layer of fur is shaggy. Their ideal weight is 4.5-7.3 kg, the height 9–13 in. Cairn Terriers shed little, but always should be hand-stripped. Using scissors or shears can ruin the dog's rugged outer coat after one grooming. Hand-stripping involves pulling the old dead hair out by the roots.
If done incorrectly, this can cause discomfort to the dog, causing it to shy away from future hand-stripping. Removing the dead hair in this manner allows new growth to come in; this new growth helps protect the dog from dirt. Cairn Terrier ancestors are from Scotland, where the wire coat repels water and keeps the dog dry in rainy or damp climates. Keeping the Cairn Terrier coat in its original state will prevent possible skin irritations; as dead hair is removed by stripping the coat, new growth comes in, the skin and coat remain healthy. Clipper-cutting a Cairn might destroy the protective wire coat unique to this breed, it is wise to have a pet examined to rule out heritable skin diseases when a Cairn is obtained from unknown sources. These dogs are healthy and live on average about 12 to 17 years. Breeders and veterinarians have identified several health problems that are significant for Cairns; some of these diseases are hereditary, others occur as a result of nonspecific factors. The Cairn Terrier Club of America, along with the Institute for Genetic Disease Control in Animals, maintains an open registry for Cairn Terriers in hopes of reducing the occurrence of hereditary diseases within the breed.
Breeders voluntarily submit their dogs' test results for research purposes as well as for use by individuals who seek to make sound breeding decisions. Some of the more common hereditary health problems found in the Cairn are: Bronchoesophageal fistula Cataracts Corneal dystrophy Craniomandibular osteopathy Diabetes mellitus Entropion Hip dysplasia Hypothyroidism Krabbe disease Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease Lens luxation Luxating patella Ocular melanosis Portosystemic shunt Progressive retinal atrophy Soft-tissue sarcoma Von Willebrand disease Cairn Terriers exist in an apartment when sufficiently exercised, they are active indoors and suffice without a yard. Daily walks help keep Cairn terriers healthy. Fenced-in yards are recommended for safety and well-being as well as being kept on leash when not in the yard. Cairn Terriers are easily trained. If allowed to take control of the household, behavior problems may develop that only can be resolved by hiring a professional dog trainer. Many breeders only sell puppies to dedicated dog owners.
Cairns are active dogs. Play takes care of a lot of their exercise needs. Dogs which do not get to go on daily walks are more to display behavior problems, they enjoy a good romp in a safe, open area off leash, such as a large, fenced yard. According to Temple Grandin in her book Animals Make Us Human, dogs need 45 minutes to one hour per day of playing and seeking. Being a new owner of one, play time is more like two hours per day for this breed. After fulfilling this, dogs become well-mannered. Obedience school is a g