Brij Behari Prasad, also spelled Brij Bihari Prasad was an Indian politician. A member of the Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), Prasad served as Minister for Science and Technology in the Government of Bihar. He was arrested for alleged involvement in corrupt admissions to technical institutes and was murdered on 13 June 1998 at the Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences in Patna, where he was undergoing treatment. It was claimed that his death was in retribution for his involvement in assassination of gangster Chhottan Shukla and five other people, who were killed on 4 December 1994, while returning home from a campaign organised in context of 1995 Bihar Legislative Assembly elections. Shukla was a gangster from the Bhumihar community, whereas Prasad was a Bania. Supporters of Prasad were thought to be responsible for the killing of Shukla.

The 11th Bihar Legislative Assembly elections were held in March 1995, to elect the 324 members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Janata Dal got a decisive victory in the state; political manoeuvre ensured Lalu Prasad Yadav's victory in the chief ministership. According to political scientist Sanjay Kumar, this election set a different trend in caste based politics of the state of Bihar, as in this election, there were two main political blocs in the state contesting for power. The either side of this power struggle was led by Backward Castes. It was the election in which the Forward Castes were pushed to margins in the politics of state.