1.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
2.
Ventura County, California
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Ventura County is a county in the southern part of the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 823,318, Ventura County comprises the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is also considered the southernmost county along the California Central Coast, Ventura County was historically inhabited by the Chumash people, who also settled much of Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, with their presence dating back 10, 000-12,000 years. The Chumash were hunter-gatherers, fishermen, and also traders with the Mojave, Yokuts, the Chumash are also known for their rock paintings and for their great basketry. Chumash Indian Museum in Thousand Oaks has several reconstructed Chumash houses and there are several Chumash pictographs in the county, the plank canoe, called a tomol in Chumash, was important to their way of life. Canoe launching points on the mainland for trade with the Chumash of the Channel Islands were located at the mouth of the Ventura River, Mugu Lagoon and this has led to speculations among archeologists of whether the Chumash could have had a pre-historic contact with Polynesians. According to diachronic linguistics, certain words such as tomolo’o could be related to Polynesian languages, the dialect of the Chumash language that was spoken in Ventura County was Ventureño. Others include Point Mugu from the word Muwu, Saticoy from the word Sa’aqtiko’y, in October 1542, the expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo anchored in an inlet near Point Mugu, its members were the first Europeans to arrive in the area that would become Ventura County. Active occupation of California by Spain began in 1769, gaspar de Portolà led a military expedition by land from San Diego to Monterey, passing through Ventura County in August of that year. A priest with the expedition, Father Juan Crespí, kept a journal of the trip and noted that the area was ideal for a mission to be established, also on this expedition was Father Junípero Serra, who later founded a mission on this site. On March 31,1782, the Mission San Buenaventura was founded by Father Serra and it is named after Saint Bonaventure, one of the early intellectual founders of the Franciscan Order. The town that grew up around the mission, was originally and remains named San Buenaventura, in the 1790s, the Spanish Governor of California began granting land concessions to Spanish Californians who were often retiring soldiers. These concessions were known as ranchos and consisted of thousands of acres of land that were used primarily as ranch land for livestock, in Ventura County, Rancho Simi was granted in 1795 and Rancho El Conejo in 1802. Fernando Tico was granted Ojai and part of Ventura by Gov. Alvarado, California land that had been vested in the King of Spain was now owned by the nation of Mexico. By the 1830s, Mission San Buenaventura was in a decline with fewer neophytes joining the mission, the number of cattle owned by the mission dropped from first to fifteenth ranking in the California Missions. The missions were secularized by the Mexican government in 1834, the Mexican governors began granting land rights to Mexican Californians, often retiring soldiers. By 1846, there were 19 rancho grants in Ventura County, in 1836, Mission San Buenaventura was transferred from the Church to a secular administrator. The natives who had been working at the mission left to work on the ranchos
3.
Los Angeles Valley College
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Los Angeles Valley College is a community college located in the Valley Glen district of Los Angeles, California in the east-central San Fernando Valley. The school is a part of the Los Angeles Community College District, the community college is adjacent to Grant High School. The sports teams are known as the Monarchs, and the colors are green. Los Angeles Valley College was founded on September 12,1949 to meet the growth of the San Fernando Valley during the 1940s. The college was chartered by the Los Angeles Board of Education in June 1949. In 1951 Valley College moved to its permanent 105-acre site on Fulton Avenue in Valley Glen, in 1954, members of the faculty founded the Athenaeum which began to offer community programs that brought the Los Angeles Philharmonic to the campus. The campus also had internationally known speakers including Eleanor Roosevelt, Clement Attlee, Margaret Mead, in 1969, the Los Angeles Community College District was formed and its nine colleges were separated from the Los Angeles Unified School District. Today, Valley College continues to meet the needs of the community by offering transfer education, career technical education. Valley College’s current enrollment is approximately 20,000 students with 199 full-time faculty and 401 part-time instructors, in December 2016, the college found that many of their electronic files had been maliciously encrypted disrupting voicemail, email, and computer files. In a ransom note, the college was informed they would receive a key that would be delivered upon the receipt of $28,000 in Bitcoin. The ransome needed to be paid within seven days or the files would be forever lost, the Los Angeles Community College District paid the amount and the delivered private key restored access to the affected systems. More than 140 associate degree programs and certificate programs are offered at Valley College, Los Angeles Valley College has its own honors society called Tau Alpha Epsilon. TAE was founded in 1949, the year that Los Angeles Valley College was established. In 1960, due to the popularity of junior colleges, a version of the four year honors society Phi Beta Kappa was created called Phi Theta Kappa. Because of this, PTK merged with TAE at Los Angeles Valley College, the purpose of TAE is to act as the honors society for Los Angeles Valley College, encourage academic excellence, and work with fellow clubs and organizations to better the campus and community. Los Angeles Valley College has its own stop on the Metro Orange Line and it is located at the intersection of Burbank Boulevard and Fulton Avenue. The nearest campus buildings are less than a 5-minute walk from the station, sean Astin - actor, best known for playing Sam in the Lord of the Rings films. Samuel Marcus - actor, known for The Peoples Couch and Teens React, ed Begley, Jr. - actor and environmentalist
4.
Walter White (Breaking Bad)
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Walter Hartwell White Sr. also known by his clandestine alias Heisenberg, is a fictional character and the main protagonist of Breaking Bad. He is portrayed by Bryan Cranston and he left Gray Matter abruptly, selling his shares for $5,000, soon afterward, the company made a fortune, much of it from his research. Walt subsequently moved to Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he became a school chemistry teacher. Breaking Bad begins on Walters 50th birthday, when he is diagnosed with Stage IIIA lung cancer, after this discovery, he resorts to manufacturing methamphetamine and drug dealing to ensure his familys financial security after his death. Series creator Vince Gilligan has described his goal with Walter White as turning Mr. Chips into Scarface, Walts evolution from mild-mannered school teacher and family man to ruthless criminal mastermind and murderer is the shows central focus. Cranston contributed greatly to the creation of his character, including Walts backstory, physical appearance, and personality traits. Cranston won four Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series, following his fourth win, Cranston tied Dennis Franz for the most wins in the categorys history. He is the first man to win a Critics Choice, Golden Globe, Primetime Emmy, SAG, in the Spanish-language remake Metástasis, his character is renamed Walter Blanco and is portrayed by Diego Trujillo. Walter White was born on September 7,1959, as seen on some of his personal papers and he was an only child and his father died when he was six years old. Walt studied chemistry at the California Institute of Technology, where he conducted research on proton radiography that helped a team win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1985, after graduate school, Walt founded the firm Gray Matter Technologies with Elliott Schwartz, his former classmate and close friend. Around this time, Walt dated his lab assistant, Gretchen and he left both Gretchen and Gray Matter Technologies, selling his financial interest in the company for $5,000. Gretchen and Elliott later married and made a fortune, much of it from Walts research, though they remain friendly, Walt secretly resents both Gretchen and Elliott for profiting from his work. At the age of 50, Walt works as a school chemistry teacher in Albuquerque, New Mexico, providing instruction to uninterested. Walt and his wife Skyler have a son named Walter Jr. who has cerebral palsy. Skyler is also pregnant with their child, Holly, who is born at the end of season two. Walts other family includes Skylers sister, Marie Schrader, her husband, Hank, who is a DEA agent, and his mother, who is never seen. On his 50th birthday, Walt goes on a ridealong with Hank as he busts a crystal meth ring and he sees one of his former students, Jesse Pinkman, fleeing the scene, and deduces that Jesse is part of the operation. The next day, Walt faints at the car wash, and is taken to a hospital, there, he is told he has lung cancer
5.
AMC (TV channel)
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AMC is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by AMC Networks. The channels programming, similar to that of FXM, primarily consists of released films. The channels name originally stood for American Movie Classics, but since 2002 the full name has been de-emphasized as a result of a shift in its programming. As of July 2015, AMC was received by approximately 94,832,000 households in the United States that subscribe to a pay television service. In March 2015, Dish Networks Sling TV announced it would begin making AMC channels available to cord cutters, including AMC, BBC America, IFC, SundanceTV. American Movie Classics, as AMC was originally known, debuted on October 1,1984 as a premium channel, AMC was originally operated as a joint venture between Rainbow Media and cable television provider Tele-Communications Inc. During its early years, it was not uncommon for AMC to host a marathon of Marx Brothers films, in 1987, the channel began to be carried on the basic cable tiers of many cable providers. By 1989, AMC was available to 39 million subscribers in the U. S, on December 1,1990, AMC began operating on a 24-hour-a-day schedule. Beginning in 1993, AMC presented an annual Film Preservation Festival to raise awareness of, portions of the festival were often dedicated to all-day marathons focusing on a single performer. During its fifth year in 1998, Scorsese credited the Festival for creating not only a greater awareness. In 1996, curator of the Museum of Modern Art Mary Lee Bandy called the Festival the most important public event in support of film preservation. By its tenth anniversary in 2003, the Festival had raised $2 million from the general public, the following year, Time Warner also attempted to acquire at least part of Liberty Medias stake in AMC. Turner owns rights to the RKO Radio Pictures film library and licensed RKOs films to AMC in a deal that was slated to last through 2004. Under the terms of the deal, AMC would obtain the RKO titles in exclusive windows, around this time, General Electric/NBC owned a stake in AMC – which it divested in the early 2000s. From 1996 to 1998, AMC aired its first original series, Remember WENN, the show was well received by both critics and its enthusiastic fans, but was abruptly cancelled after its fourth season following management changes at the channel. Despite a well publicized campaign to save the series, the show was not renewed for its originally scheduled fifth season. One popular AMC program was American Pop. which ran from 1998 to 2003, the majority of the films presented on AMC during the 1990s had originally been released by Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox, Columbia Pictures, and Universal Studios. The channel also showed classic silent films
6.
Breaking Bad
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Breaking Bad is an American crime drama television series created and produced by Vince Gilligan. The show originally aired on the AMC network for five seasons, from January 20,2008 and it tells the story of Walter White, a struggling high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer. The title is from a Southern colloquialism meaning to raise hell, Breaking Bad is set and was filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Walters family consists of his wife Skyler and children, Walter, Jr. the show also features Skylers sister Marie Schrader, and her husband Hank, a Drug Enforcement Administration agent. Walter hires lawyer Saul Goodman, who connects him with private investigator and fixer Mike Ehrmantraut and in turn Mikes employer, the final season introduces the characters Todd Alquist and Lydia Rodarte-Quayle. Breaking Bad is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time, by the time the series finale aired, the series was among the most-watched cable shows on American television. In 2013, Breaking Bad entered the Guinness World Records as the most critically acclaimed show of all time, Breaking Bad was created by Vince Gilligan, who spent several years writing the Fox series The X-Files. Gilligan wanted to create a series in which the protagonist became the antagonist, Television is historically good at keeping its characters in a self-imposed stasis so that shows can go on for years or even decades, he said. When I realized this, the next step was to think. He added that his goal with Walter White was to him from Mr. Chips into Scarface. The show title is based on a Southern colloquialism meaning, among other things, raising hell, according to Time entertainment editor Lily Rothman, the term has a broader meaning and is an old phrase which connotes more violence than raising hell does. As the series progressed, Gilligan and the staff of Breaking Bad made Walter increasingly unsympathetic. Gilligan said during the run of the series, Hes going from being a protagonist to an antagonist and we want to make people question who theyre pulling for, and why. Cranston said by the season, I think Walts figured out its better to be a pursuer than the pursued. Hes well on his way to badass, while still pitching the show to studios, Gilligan was initially discouraged when he learned of the existing series Weeds and its similarities to the premise of Breaking Bad. While his producers convinced him that the show was different enough to still be successful, the network ordered nine episodes for the first season, but the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike limited the production to seven episodes. Once Gilligan recognized that this would mean wed always have to be avoiding the Sandia Mountains in shots directed toward the east and it was shot primarily on 35 mm film, with digital cameras employed as needed for additional angles, point of view shots and time-lapse photography. Breaking Bad reportedly cost $3 million per episode to produce, higher than the average cost for a cable program
7.
Characters of Malcolm in the Middle
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The following characters had significant roles in the American television comedy series Malcolm in the Middle, which was originally televised from 2000 to 2006 on the Fox Network. A fifth son was introduced in the fourth season, a boy named Jamie. The boys are, from eldest to youngest, Francis, Reese, Malcolm, Dewey, in the final episode, Lois discovered she was pregnant with a sixth child. In the third season, Francis travels home with an Alaskan girl named Piama, during the first season, the writers decided to keep the familys last name a mystery. In the fifth season episode Reese Joins the Army, Reese uses a fake ID by the name of Jetson to lie about his age, in the series finale, Graduation, Franciss employee ID reads Nolastname. In the pilot episode, the name Wilkerson can be seen on the badge of the uniform Francis is wearing at Marlin Academy. In the sleeve notes for the season 5 DVD released in Europe, british television advertisements and some Fox promotional material also occasionally referred to the family as the Wilkersons, although this name was never spoken aloud in the series. In an early version of the pilot, Malcolm had an exchange of dialogue with a classmate, the friend replied with the punchline, Oh. who are the Pariahs. Hal, played by Bryan Cranston, is the father of the family, though relaxed in his parenting when compared to Lois, Hal has shown that he can slide into a disciplinarian when confronted by the boys bad behavior. He comes from a family who resent his choice to marry Lois over Susan. Hal has a time making good decisions, which he often deferred to Lois. Despite the fact many of the neighbors hate his family, Hal blends in well with them and he loves Lois more than she loves him, never even thinking about other women. He is also scared of her, even more than the boys are. He is very neurotic and has a slight disorder. It was also revealed that Hal was a chain smoker before quitting the habit, hals best friend is Abe Kenarban. Francis, played by Christopher Masterson, is the oldest of the brothers, upon moving to Alaska, he marries a local woman named Piama, who is about one year older than him, and had previously been married briefly, and whom Lois doesnt like. In the series finale, Hal discovers that Francis has taken a job with Amerysis, however, he also admits that he has no intentions of telling Lois about the job and enjoys torturing her by telling her that hes still unemployed. Malcolm, portrayed by Frankie Muniz, is the protagonist of the series, in the first episode of the series, he is discovered to be a child prodigy and immediately moved from his regular class into the Krelboynes, a class for gifted students
8.
Fox Broadcasting Company
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The Fox Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. It is the third largest major network in the world based on total revenues, assets. Launched on October 9,1986 as a competitor to the Big Three television networks, Fox and its affiliated companies operate many entertainment channels in international markets, although these do not necessarily air the same programming as the U. S. network. Most viewers in Canada have access to at least one U. S, the network is named after sister company 20th Century Fox, and indirectly for producer William Fox, who founded one of the movie studios predecessors, Fox Film. Fox is a member of the North American Broadcasters Association and the National Association of Broadcasters, 20th Century Fox had been involved in television production as early as the 1950s, producing several syndicated programs. Following the demise of the DuMont Television Network in August of that year after it became mired in financial problems. 20th Century Fox would also produce original content for the NTA network, KTTV in Los Angeles, KRIV in Houston, WFLD-TV in Chicago, and KRLD-TV in Dallas. In October 1985, 20th Century Fox announced its intentions to form a television network that would compete with ABC, CBS. The plans were to use the combination of the Fox studios, organizational plans for the network were held off until the Metromedia acquisitions cleared regulatory hurdles. Then, in December 1985, Rupert Murdoch agreed to pay $325 million to acquire the remaining equity in TCF Holdings from his original partner, Marvin Davis. These first six stations, then broadcasting to a reach of 22% of the nations households. Except for KDAF, all of the original owned-and-operated stations are part of the Fox network today. Like the core O&O group, Foxs affiliate body consisted of independent stations. The Fox Broadcasting Company launched at 11,00 p. m. Eastern and its inaugural program was a late-night talk show, The Late Show, which was hosted by comedian Joan Rivers. By early 1987, Rivers quit The Late Show after disagreements with the network over the creative direction. The network expanded its programming into prime time on April 5,1987, with Children and the sketch comedy series The Tracey Ullman Show. Fox added one new show per week over the several weeks, with the drama 21 Jump Street. On July 11, the network rolled out its Saturday night schedule with the premiere of the drama series Werewolf
9.
Malcolm in the Middle
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Malcolm in the Middle is an American television sitcom created by Linwood Boomer for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series was first broadcast on January 9,2000, and ended its run on May 14,2006. The series received critical acclaim and won a Peabody Award, seven Emmy Awards, one Grammy Award, the series follows a family of six, and later seven, and stars Frankie Muniz in the lead role of Malcolm, a somewhat normal boy who tests at genius level. While he enjoys his intelligence, he despises having to take classes for gifted children, jane Kaczmarek is Malcolms overbearing, authoritarian mother, Lois, and Bryan Cranston plays his immature but loving father, Hal. Christopher Masterson plays eldest brother Francis, a rebel who, in earlier episodes, was in military school. Justin Berfield is Malcolms dimwitted older brother Reese, a bully who tortures Malcolm at home. Younger brother Dewey, bitter about his childhood, smart. At first, the focus was on Malcolm, but as the series progressed. A fifth son, Jamie, was introduced as a baby at the end of Season 4, Malcolm in the Middle was produced by Satin City and Regency Television in association with Fox Television Studios. The show has proven popular worldwide and has been syndicated in 57 countries, in the United States, it had been syndicated during the day on FX and at night on Nickelodeons sister channel TeenNick, as well as local stations. Its also currently being syndicated by IFC every Saturday, Sunday, Monday and Tuesday mornings at 8, since 2015, the show airs on Comedy Central. In Ireland it aired on TV3s sister channel 3e and it was also syndicated on Network Ten from 2009 to 2010 and on Eleven from February 2011 in Australia and on Comedy Central in India. In Canada, episodes were shown on the Global Television Network, the show received universal acclaim from critics and proved an extremely popular draw for the network. It was placed No.88 on Entertainment Weeklys New TV Classics list, set in a suburban neighborhood in the fictional Tri-County Area, Malcolm in the Middle is about a boy named Malcolm and his dysfunctional family. The show stars Frankie Muniz as Malcolm, the third of four boys, his brothers, the first, Francis, was sent away to military school, leaving at home his three brothers, Reese, Malcolm, and Dewey, Malcolm being the middle child still at home. In season four, the character Jamie was added to the show as the fifth son, the show centered on Malcolm dealing with the rigors of being a child and enduring the eccentricities of his life early on. Emulating the style of hour-long dramas, this show was shot on film instead of video. Another distinctive aspect of the show is that the open of every episode is unrelated to the main story
10.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
11.
Seinfeld
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Seinfeld is an American sitcom that originally ran for nine seasons on NBC, from 1989 to 1998. It was created by Larry David and Jerry Seinfeld, the latter starring as a version of himself. It is often described as being a show about nothing, as many of its episodes are about the minutiae of daily life, Seinfeld was produced by Castle Rock Entertainment. In syndication, the series has been distributed by Sony Pictures Television since 2002, a favorite among critics, the series led the Nielsen ratings in seasons six and nine, and finished among the top two every year from 1994 to 1998. In 2002, TV Guide named Seinfeld the greatest television program of all time, E. named it the number 1 reason the 90s ruled. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America named Seinfeld the No.2 Best Written TV Series of All Time and that same year, Entertainment Weekly named it the No.3 best TV series of all time and TV Guide ranked it at No.2. Main Jerry Seinfeld – Jerry is a minor celeb stand-up comedian who is depicted as the voice of reason amidst the general insanity generated by the people in his world. The in-show character is a mild germaphobe and neat freak, as well as an avid Superman, New York Mets, Jerrys apartment is the center of a world visited by his eccentric friends and a focus of the show. Plot lines often involve Jerrys social interactions and romantic relationships around New York City and he typically finds minor, pedantic reasons to break up with women, including a habit of eating peas one at a time, oversized man hands and an irritating laugh. Other plot lines involve his longtime enemy Newman and his overbearing relatives, Elaine Benes – Elaine is Jerrys ex-girlfriend and later friend. She is attractive and genial, while also being humorous, arrogant and she sometimes has a tendency to be too honest with people, which often gets her into trouble. She usually gets caught up in her boyfriends quirks, eccentric employers unusual behaviors and idiosyncrasies, and she tends to make poor choices in men she chooses to date and is often overly reactionary. First she works at Pendant Publishing with Mr. Lippman, is hired as a personal assistant for Mr. Pitt. One of Elaines trademark moves is her forceful shove while exclaiming Get Out, when she receives good, objectionable or surprising news. Another is her memorable Little Kicks dance move, which is described as a full body heave accompanied by a double-fisted thumbs-up and she hates The English Patient, which is met with significant social disapproval. Elaine is popularly described as an amalgamation of Davids and Seinfelds girlfriends during their days in New York as struggling comedians. Cosmo Kramer – Kramer is Jerrys wacky neighbor and his trademarks include his humorous upright pompadour hairstyle, vintage clothes, and energetic sliding bursts through Jerrys apartment door. Kramer was heavily based on a neighbor of Davids during his amateur comedic years in Manhattan and this is seen in his success with women and employers
12.
Bill Cosby
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William Henry Bill Cosby, Jr. is an American stand-up comedian, actor, author, and singer. Cosbys start in comedy began at the hungry i in San Francisco and was followed by his landing a starring role in the 1960s television show I Spy. He was also a regular on the television series The Electric Company during the shows first two seasons. Throughout the 1970s, Cosby starred in a number of films, after attending Temple University in the 1960s, he received his bachelors degree there in 1971. In 1973, he received a degree from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. His dissertation discussed the use of Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids as a tool in elementary schools. The sitcom highlighted the experiences and growth of an affluent African-American family, Cosby has been the subject of publicized sexual assault allegations since about 2000. He surrendered to authorities on December 30,2015, and was released on $1 million bail, Cosby is scheduled to go on trial on or before June 5,2017. Cosby was born on July 12,1937 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and he is one of four sons of Anna Pearl, a maid, and William Henry Cosby Sr. who served as a mess steward in the U. S. Navy. During much of Cosbys early childhood, his father was away in the U. S. armed forces, as a student, he described himself as a class clown. Cosby was the captain of both the team and the track and field team at Mary Channing Wister Public School in Philadelphia. Early on, though, teachers noted his propensity for clowning around rather than studying, at FitzSimons Junior High School, Cosby began acting in plays as well as continuing his devotion to playing sports. Cosby went on to Philadelphias Central High School, a magnet and academically rigorous university prep school where he played football, basketball, baseball, and ran track. In addition, Cosby was working before and after school, selling produce, shining shoes and he transferred to Germantown High School, but failed the tenth grade. Instead of repeating, he got a job as an apprentice at a repair shop, which he liked. In 1956, Cosby enlisted in the Navy, serving at the Marine Corps Base Quantico, Virginia, Naval Station Argentia, Newfoundland and at the Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland. During his four years in the Navy, Cosby served as a Hospital Corpsman working in therapy with Navy. He finished his equivalency diploma via correspondence courses and was awarded a track, there, he studied physical education while running track and playing fullback on the universitys football team
13.
I Spy (1965 TV series)
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I Spy is an American television secret-agent buddy adventure series. It ran for three seasons on NBC from 1965 to 1968 and teamed US intelligence agents Kelly Robinson and Alexander Scotty Scott, Robinson poses as an amateur with Scott as his trainer, playing against wealthy opponents in return for food and lodging. Their work involved chasing villains, spies, and beautiful women, the creative forces behind the show were writers David Friedkin and Morton Fine and cinematographer Fouad Said. Together they formed Triple F Productions under the aegis of Desilu Productions where the show was produced, Fine and Friedkin were co-producers and head writers, and wrote the scripts for 16 episodes, one of which Friedkin directed. Friedkin also dabbled in acting and appeared in two episodes in the first season, actor-producer Sheldon Leonard, known for playing gangster roles in the 1940s and 1950s, was the executive producer. He also played a role in two episodes and appeared in a third show as himself in a humorous cameo. In addition, he directed one episode and served as occasional second-unit director throughout the series, I Spy broke ground in that it was the first American television drama to feature a black actor in a lead role. Originally an older actor was slated to play a fatherly mentor to Culps character, after seeing Cosby performing stand-up comedy on a talk-show, Sheldon Leonard decided to take a chance on hiring him to play opposite Culp. The concept was changed from a relationship to same-age partners who were equals. It was also notable that Cosbys race was never an issue in any of the stories, nor was his character in any way subservient to Culps, with the exception that Culps Kelly Robinson was a more experienced agent. As a strait-laced Rhodes Scholar fluent in languages, Cosbys Scotty was really the brains of the team. His partner was the athlete and playboy who lived by his wits, I Spy was a trailblazer in its use of exotic international locations in an attempt to emulate the James Bond film series. This was unique for a show, especially since the series actually filmed its lead actors at locations ranging from Spain to Japan. Each season the producers would select four or five scenic locations around the world, episodes were filmed in Athens, Rome, Florence, Madrid, Venice, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Acapulco, San Francisco, Las Vegas, and Morocco. The success of the show is attributed to the chemistry between Culp and Cosby, fans tuned in more for their hip banter than for the espionage stories, making I Spy a leader in the buddy genre. The two actors developed a close friendship that mirrored their on-screen characters, a friendship that would last until Culps death in 2010. The show also coined unique phrases that, briefly, became catchphrases, wonderfulness was used as the title of one of Cosbys albums of stand-up comedy released concurrently with the series. Cosby also occasionally slipped in bits of his comic routines during his improvised badinage with Culp, many details of Cosbys life were also written into his character
14.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
15.
Screen Actors Guild Award
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The statuette given, a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy, is called The Actor. It is 16 inches tall, weighs over 12 pounds, is cast in solid bronze, SAG Awards have been one of the major awards events in Hollywood since 1995. It is considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards, the awards have been telecast since 1998 on TNT, and since 2007 have been simulcast on TBS. The inaugural SAG Awards aired live on February 25,1995 from Universal Studios Stage 12, the second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, while subsequent awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center
16.
Lyndon B. Johnson
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A Democrat from Texas, he previously served as a United States Representative from 1937 to 1949 and then as a United States Senator from 1949 to 1961. He spent six years as Senate Majority Leader, two as Senate Minority Leader, and two more as Senate Majority Whip, Johnson ran for the Democratic nomination in the 1960 presidential election. Although unsuccessful, he was chosen by then-Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts to be his running mate and they went on to win a close election over Richard Nixon and Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. Johnson was sworn in as Vice President on January 20,1961. Two years and ten months later, on November 22,1963 and he successfully ran for a full term in the 1964 election, winning by a landslide over Republican opponent Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. He is one of four people who have served as President, Vice President, Senator. Johnson was renowned for his personality and the Johnson treatment. Assisted in part by an economy, the War on Poverty helped millions of Americans rise above the poverty line during his administration. With the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, Johnson escalated American involvement in the Vietnam War. In 1964, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which granted Johnson the power to use force in Southeast Asia without having to ask for an official declaration of war. The number of American military personnel in Vietnam increased dramatically, from 16,000 advisors in non-combat roles in 1963 to 550,000 in early 1968, American casualties soared and the peace process bogged down. Growing unease with the war stimulated a large, angry antiwar movement based especially on university campuses in the U. S. and abroad. Johnson faced further troubles when summer riots broke out in most major cities after 1965, while he began his presidency with widespread approval, support for Johnson declined as the public became upset with both the war and the growing violence at home. In 1968, the Democratic Party factionalized as antiwar elements denounced Johnson, Republican Richard Nixon was elected to succeed him, as the New Deal coalition that had dominated presidential politics for 36 years collapsed. After he left office in January 1969, Johnson returned to his Texas ranch, historians argue that Johnsons presidency marked the peak of modern liberalism in the United States after the New Deal era. Johnson is ranked favorably by some historians because of his policies and the passage of many major laws, affecting civil rights, gun control, wilderness preservation. Lyndon Baines Johnson was born on August 27,1908, near Stonewall, Texas, in a farmhouse on the Pedernales River. Johnson had one brother, Sam Houston Johnson, and three sisters, Rebekah, Josefa, and Lucia, the nearby small town of Johnson City, Texas, was named after LBJs cousin, James Polk Johnson, whose forebears had moved west from Oglethorpe County, Georgia. Johnson had English, German, and Ulster Scots ancestry and he was maternally descended from pioneer Baptist clergyman George Washington Baines, who pastored eight churches in Texas, as well as others in Arkansas and Louisiana
17.
All the Way (play)
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All the Way is a play by Robert Schenkkan, depicting President Lyndon B. Johnsons efforts to maneuver members of the 88th United States Congress to enact, and civil rights leaders including Martin Luther King, Jr. to support, the play takes its name from Johnsons 1964 campaign slogan, All the Way with LBJ. The play was commissioned by the Oregon Shakespeare Festival and premiered there in 2012, in a directed by Bill Rauch. It premiered on Broadway in March 2014, in a production directed by Rauch. Bryan Cranston won the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his performance, All the Way was commissioned by the Oregon Shakespeare Festival as part of its American Revolutions, The United States History Cycle. It premiered at OSF on July 28,2012, directed by Bill Rauch, the ART production premiered on Broadway at the Neil Simon Theatre for a limited run on March 6,2014, where it ran through until June 29,2014. The play sold out its American Repertory Theater showing, and strong sales were reported for previews of its limited Broadway run at the Neil Simon Theatre. On June 5,2014, the announced that the play had recouped its $3.9 million investment in under four months. All the Way is the first of two plays by Schenkkan on Johnsons presidency, the second part, The Great Society, premiered at the OSF on July 27,2014. Jack Willis, who played Johnson at its Oregon premiere, again plays Johnson in The Great Society in Oregon, the sequel, also directed by Rauch, continues the Johnson story from 1964 to 1968. The play opens shortly after the assassination of John F. Kennedy on November 22,1963. in his first year as president, Johnson engineers passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. At the end of Act One, the law passes the Senate, Johnson using cajolery, arm-twisting, Johnson himself is from the South, he is close to the recalcitrant southern congressmen, and he uses homespun and sometimes off-color stories to persuade them. A reviewer noted, Johnson seems just to be shooting the breeze when really hes riding herd on friend, throughout, the play makes copious reference to congressional terminology unusual in Broadway plays, such as cloture and filibuster, which are mechanisms used to extract bills from committees. He is disdainful of Humphrey and promises the vice-presidency to him in the 1964 elections if he goes along with Johnson, the more activist leaders prevail, and launch the Freedom Summer, young college students ride buses into the south to desegregate facilities. Three Freedom Riders are slain, forcing Johnson to send in the FBI, J. Edgar Hoover is shown eavesdropping on Dr. King. In the second act, the action shifts to Atlantic City, New Jersey, the segregated Mississippi delegation is challenged by the integrated Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. Schenkkan describes All the Way as a play about the morality of politics, where do you draw the line in terms of intentions and action. How much leeway does a good intention give you to violate the law, the plays set is a semi-circular dais surrounding the central portion of the stage. B. J. is always on trial
18.
Broadway theatre
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
19.
HBO
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Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
20.
Howard Beale (Network)
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Howard Beale is a fictional character from the film Network and the central character therein. He is played by Peter Finch, who won a posthumous Oscar for the role, in Network, Beale, the anchorman for the UBS Evening News, struggles to accept the ramifications of the social ailments and depravity existing in the world. His producers exploit him for high ratings and avoid giving him the assistance that some think he needs. The image of Beale in a coat with his wet hair plastered to his head, standing up during the middle of his newscast saying, Im as mad as hell. Is often listed as one of the most iconic in film history, beales career as The Mad Prophet of the Airwaves is sparked by his half-joking offer, after receiving his two-weeks notice, to kill himself on nationwide TV. He subsequently apologizes to his viewers, telling them he ran out of bullshit, viewers respond positively and he is given his own show where he can say whatever he likes. Unfortunately for the network, he exposes the ties between CCA, the corporation that owns the network, and business interests in Saudi Arabia and his ratings drop, but Jensen orders him kept on, network executives order him to be assassinated. The film concludes with his murder on television, a voiceover proclaims him the first known instance of a man who was killed because he had lousy ratings
21.
Royal National Theatre
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The Royal National Theatre in London is one of the United Kingdoms three most prominent publicly funded performing arts venues, alongside the Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal Opera House. Internationally, it is known as the National Theatre of Great Britain, from its foundation in 1963 until 1976, the company was based at the Old Vic theatre in Waterloo. The current building is located next to the Thames in the South Bank area of central London, in addition to performances at the National Theatre building, the National Theatre company tours productions at theatres across the United Kingdom. Since 1988, the theatre has been permitted to call itself the Royal National Theatre, the theatre presents a varied programme, including Shakespeare and other international classic drama, and new plays by contemporary playwrights. Each auditorium in the theatre can run up to three shows in repertoire, thus widening the number of plays which can be put on during any one season. In June 2009, the theatre began National Theatre Live, a programme of simulcasts of live productions to cinemas, first in the United Kingdom, the programme began with a production of Phèdre, starring Helen Mirren, which was screened live in 70 cinemas across the UK. NT Live productions have since been broadcast to over 1,000 venues in 35 countries around the world, the NT had an annual turnover of approximately £87 million in 2012–13, of which earned income made up 80%. Support from Arts Council England provided 20% of income, and the remaining 7% came from a mixture of companies, individuals, trusts, in 1847, a critic using the pseudonym Dramaticus published a pamphlet describing the parlous state of British theatre. Production of serious plays was restricted to the patent theatres, at the same time, there was a burgeoning theatre sector featuring a diet of low melodrama and musical burlesque, but critics described British theatre as driven by commercialism and a star system. There was a demand to commemorate serious theatre, with the Shakespeare Committee purchasing the playwrights birthplace for the nation demonstrating a recognition of the importance of serious drama, the following year saw more pamphlets on a demand for a National Theatre from London publisher Effingham William Wilson. The situation continued, with a renewed call every decade for a National Theatre, attention was aroused in 1879 when the Comédie-Française took a residency at the Gaiety Theatre, described in The Times as representing the highest aristocracy of the theatre. This still left the capital without a national theatre and this work was interrupted by World War I. The play was part of the campaign to build a National Theatre. Still, the Government tried to apply unacceptable conditions to save money, attempting to force the amalgamation of the publicly supported companies. In July 1962, with agreements reached, a board was set up to supervise construction. The National Theatre Company opened on 22 October 1963 with Hamlet, the current building was designed by architects Sir Denys Lasdun and Peter Softley and structural engineers Flint & Neill and contains three stages, which opened individually between 1976 and 1977. The construction work was carried out by Sir Robert McAlpine, the Company was to remain at the Old Vic until 1977, when construction of the Olivier was complete. The National Theatre building houses three separate auditoria, additionally, a temporary structure was added in April 2013 and closed in May 2016
22.
Trumbo (2015 film)
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Trumbo is a 2015 American biographical drama film directed by Jay Roach and written by John McNamara. The film stars Bryan Cranston, Diane Lane, Helen Mirren, Elle Fanning, John Goodman and Michael Stuhlbarg. The film follows the life of Hollywood screenwriter Dalton Trumbo and is based on the biography Dalton Trumbo by Bruce Alexander Cook. The film was shown in the Special Presentations section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12,2015, Dalton Trumbo is a screenwriter whose talent places him among the elite of Hollywood. However, his membership in the Communist Party of the USA draws the contempt of staunchly anti-Soviet entertainment-industry figures such as columnist Hedda Hopper. Trumbo is one of 10 screenwriters subpoenaed to testify before the House Committee on Un-American Activities regarding alleged Communist propaganda in Hollywood films and they refuse to directly answer questions, confident that a liberal majority on the Supreme Court will overturn the convictions for contempt of Congress. Trumbos friend Edward G. Robinson, who supports the cause, the unexpected death of Justice Wiley Rutledge ruins Trumbos plan to appeal to the Supreme Court. In 1950, Trumbo serves 11 months in Federal Correctional Institution in Ashland, Trumbo is released from prison, but he remains blacklisted and his finances – and family life – become increasingly strained. He resorts to giving the screenplay for Roman Holiday to his friend Ian McLellan Hunter, to credit and a share of the money. He puts his wife Cleo and teenage children to work as his support staff, King Brothers film The Brave One, an original story by Trumbo under a pseudonym, receives an Academy Award he cannot claim. His blacklisted friend Arlen Hird dies, destitute, but an attempt by Hoppers allies to intimidate the head of King Brothers to fire Trumbo fails completely, over time, industry suspicion of Trumbos ghostwriting develops, but he is careful not to confirm it. On September 18,2013, Bryan Cranston joined the cast to play Dalton Trumbo, on April 14,2014, Helen Mirren joined the cast to play Hedda Hopper. On August 7,2014, Diane Lane, Elle Fanning, John Goodman, on August 13,2014, David James Elliott, Peter Mackenzie and Roger Bart joined the cast to play John Wayne, Robert Kenny and Buddy Ross, respectively. On September 6,2014, Louis C. K. joined the cast to play Arlen Hird, on September 22,2014, Dean OGorman joined the cast to play Kirk Douglas. On October 16,2014, Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje joined the cast to play Virgil Brooks, principal photography began on September 15,2014, and ended on November 6,2014. On August 13,2014, it was announced that Bleecker Street would distribute the film, the film had its world premiere at the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12,2015. The film had a release on November 6,2015 before going wide on November 25. Trumbo grossed $7.9 million in the United States and Canada and $3.2 million in other countries, on Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 74% based on 170 reviews, with an average rating of 6. 7/10
23.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
24.
Modern Family
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Pritchetts family includes his second wife, his son and his stepson, as well as his two adult children and their spouses and children. Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan conceived the series while sharing stories of their own modern families, Modern Family employs an ensemble cast. The series is presented in mockumentary style, with the characters frequently talking directly into the camera. The series premiered on September 23,2009, and the season premiered on September 21,2016. Modern Family was acclaimed by critics throughout its first season, although reception has become more mixed as the series has progressed and it has so far won a total of 22 Emmy awards from 75 nominations. It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy in 2011, the broadcast syndication rights to the series were sold to USA Network and 10 Fox affiliates and CW affiliate WLVI for a fall 2013 premiere. The success of the led to it being the tenth-highest revenue-generating show for 2012. Modern Family revolves around three different types of living in the Los Angeles area who are interrelated through Jay Pritchett and his children, Claire Dunphy. Jays daughter Claire was a homemaker, but has returned to the world, she is married to Phil Dunphy. They have three children, Haley Dunphy, a stereotypical teenage girl, Alex Dunphy, a nerdy, smart middle child, and Luke Dunphy. Jays lawyer son Mitchell and his husband Cameron Tucker have an adopted Vietnamese daughter, as the name suggests, this family represents a modern-day family and episodes are comically based on situations which many families encounter in real life. Dotted lines indicate a relationship through adoption or marriage. Note, The series has also had recurring characters. Reid Ewing appeared in episodes as Haleys boyfriend Dylan. Shelley Long appeared in the first two seasons and occasionally thereafter as DeDe Pritchett, Jays ex-wife and Claire and Mitchells mother, nathan Lane appeared during the second and fifth season as Cameron and Mitchells flamboyant friend Pepper Saltzman. Adam DeVine appeared as Andy Bailey, Jay and Glorias Manny, Phils assistant, stella, Jay and Glorias dog, has appeared in most episodes, played first by Brigitte and then by Beatrice. Larry, Mitchell and Camerons cat, is played by Frosty, as creators Christopher Lloyd and Steven Levitan retold stories about their families, they realized that the stories could be the basis for a show. They started working on the idea of a family being observed in a mockumentary-style show and they later decided that it could be a show about three families and their experiences
25.
The Office (U.S. TV series)
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The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24,2005 to May 16,2013. It is an adaptation of the BBC series of the same name, the Office was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for Saturday Night Live, King of the Hill, and The Simpsons. It is co-produced by Daniels Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions, the original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons. The series depicts the lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania. To simulate the look of a documentary, it is filmed in a single-camera setup. The show debuted on NBC as a replacement and ran for nine seasons and 201 episodes. The Office initially featured Steve Carell, Rainn Wilson, John Krasinski, Jenna Fischer and B. J. Novak as the main cast, the first season of The Office was met with mixed reviews, but the following four seasons received widespread acclaim from television critics. These seasons were included on several critics year-end top TV series lists, winning awards including four Primetime Emmy Awards. While later seasons were criticized for a decline in quality, earlier writers oversaw the final season, Greg Daniels served as the senior series showrunner for the first four seasons of the series and developed the British series for American television. He then left the position when he co-created the comedy series Parks and Recreation with fellow Office writer Michael Schur, Paul Lieberstein and Jennifer Celotta were named the series showrunners for the fifth season. Celotta left the series after the season and Lieberstein stayed on as showrunner for the following two seasons. He left the spot after the eighth season for the potential Dwight Schrute spin-off, The Farm. Daniels returned to the position for the ninth and final season. Other executive producers include cast members B. J. Novak, Kaling, Novak, Daniels, Lieberstein and Schur made up the original team of writers. Kaling, Novak and Lieberstein also serve multiple roles on the series, as they play regular characters on the show, as well as write, direct, credited with twenty-four episodes, Kaling is the most prolific writer on the staff. Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant, who created the original British series, are credited as producers, and wrote the pilot. Merchant later directed the episode Customer Survey while Gervais appeared in the episodes The Seminar, randall Einhorn is the most frequent director of the series, with 15 credited episodes. Episodes have been directed by several of the actors on the show including Steve Carell, John Krasinski, Rainn Wilson, Ed Helms, before the series aired its second episode, the writers spent time researching in offices
26.
Saving Private Ryan
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Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II. It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller and a squad as they search for a paratrooper, Private First Class James Francis Ryan, who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen. The film received acclaim, winning several awards for film, cast. The film grossed US$481.8 million worldwide, making it the film of the year. The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, Spielbergs direction won his second Academy Award for Best Director, Saving Private Ryan was released on home video in May 1999, earning another $44 million from sales. In 2014, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress, being deemed culturally, historically, in the late 1990s, an elderly World War II veteran and his family visit the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in Normandy, France. The veteran walks around the cemetery and, upon seeing one specific gravestone, collapses to his knees, on the morning of June 6,1944, the beginning of the Normandy Invasion, American soldiers prepare to land on Omaha Beach. They suffer heavily from their struggle against German infantry, machine gun nests, after the battle, the body of a dead soldier lying face down on the beach, with S. Ryan stenciled on the back of his pack, is shown. Meanwhile, in Washington, D. C, at the U. S, War Department, General George Marshall is informed that three of the four brothers of the Ryan family were killed in action and that their mother is to receive all three telegrams on the same day. He learns that the son, Private First Class James Francis Ryan, is a paratrooper and is missing in action somewhere in Normandy. Marshall, after reading Abraham Lincolns Bixby letter, orders that Ryan must be found, three days after D-Day, Miller receives orders to find Ryan and bring him back from the front. He assembles six men from his company—T/Sgt, Miller and his men move out to Neuville, there, they meet a squad from the 101st Airborne Division. Caparzo dies after being shot by a sniper, eventually, they locate a Private James Ryan, but soon learn that he is not their man. They find a member of Ryans regiment who informs them that his drop zone was at Vierville, once they reach it, Miller meets a friend of Ryans, who reveals that Ryan is defending a strategically important bridge over the Merderet River in the fictional town of Ramelle. On the way to Ramelle, Miller decides to neutralize a German machine gun position, no longer confident in Millers leadership, Reiben declares his intention to desert the squad and the mission, prompting a confrontation with Horvath. The argument heats up until Miller defuses the situation by disclosing his background in civilian life, Reiben then reluctantly decides to stay. Upon arrival at Ramelle, Miller and the squad come upon a group of paratroopers. Ryan is told of his brothers deaths, the mission to bring him home, and that two men had been lost in the quest to find him
27.
Little Miss Sunshine
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Little Miss Sunshine is a 2006 American comedy-drama road film and the directorial debut of the husband-wife team of Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris. The screenplay was written by first-time writer Michael Arndt, the film stars Greg Kinnear, Steve Carell, Toni Collette, Paul Dano, Abigail Breslin and Alan Arkin, and was produced by Big Beach Films on a budget of US$8 million. Filming began on June 6,2005 and took place over 30 days in Arizona, the film had a limited release in the United States on July 26,2006, and later expanded to a wider release starting on August 18. Little Miss Sunshine had a box office gross of $100.5 million. The film was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture and it also won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Feature and received numerous other accolades. Sheryl Hoover is a mother of two living in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Her brother, Frank, who is gay and a scholar of Proust, is living at home with the family after having attempted suicide. Sheryls husband Richard is a Type A personality striving to build a career as a motivational speaker, Dwayne, Sheryls son from a previous marriage, is a Nietzsche-reading teenager who has taken a vow of silence until he can accomplish his dream of becoming a test pilot. Richards foulmouthed father, Edwin, recently evicted from a retirement home for snorting heroin, Olive, the daughter of Richard and Sheryl and the youngest of the Hoover family, is an aspiring beauty queen who is coached by Edwin. Olive learns she has qualified for the Little Miss Sunshine beauty pageant that is being held in Redondo Beach and her parents and Edwin, who has been coaching her, want to support her, and Frank and Dwayne cannot be left alone, so the whole family goes. Because they have money, they go on an 800-mile road trip in their yellow Volkswagen Type 2. Family tensions play out on the highway and at stops along the way, later on, the vans horn starts honking unceasingly by itself. Throughout the road trip, the family suffers numerous personal setbacks, Richard loses an important contract that would have jump-started his motivational business. Frank encounters the ex-boyfriend who, in leaving him for a rival, had prompted his suicide attempt. Edwin dies from an overdose, resulting in the family smuggling the body out of a hospital. The climax takes place at the beauty pageant, after a frantic race against the clock the family arrives at the hotel, and are curtly told by a pageant organizer that they are a couple minutes past the deadline. A sympathetic hired hand instead offers to register Olive on his own time, as Olive prepares for the pageant, the family sees Olives competition, slim, hypersexualized pre-teen girls with teased hair and capped teeth. They wear lip gloss, adult-like swimsuits, and glamorous evening wear while performing highly elaborate dance numbers with great panache and it quickly becomes apparent that Olive is a mere amateur by comparison
28.
Drive (2011 film)
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Drive is a 2011 American neo-noir crime film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn and written by Hossein Amini, based on the 2005 novel by James Sallis. It stars Ryan Gosling, Carey Mulligan, Bryan Cranston, Christina Hendricks, Ron Perlman, Oscar Isaac, the film is about an unnamed Hollywood stunt driver who moonlights as a getaway driver. After he becomes attracted to a neighbor whose husband owes money to local gangsters. Reviews from critics were positive, and many comparisons to work from previous eras. The film was nominated for Best Film and Best Direction at the 65th British Academy Film Awards, the unnamed Driver works as a mechanic, a movie double, and a stunt driver, as well as a criminal-for-hire getaway driver. He is managed in all jobs by auto shop owner Shannon, the Driver meets his new neighbor, Irene, and becomes close to her and her young son, Benicio. Irenes husband, Standard Gabriel, is in prison, after Standard is released, Irene still asks the Driver to visit them. Standard owes protection money from his time in prison and is beaten up by Albanian gangster Cook, Cook gives Benicio a bullet as a symbol that he and his mother are in danger. The Driver, concerned for the safety of Irene and Benicio, the job goes awry when Standard is shot and killed by the pawnshop owner while the Driver is waiting for him and Cooks accomplice, Blanche. The Driver and Blanche escape after a car chase with a mysterious adversary. The Driver hides with Blanche in a motel, where he learns that the bag contains a million dollars, two of Cooks men ambush them in the motel room, killing Blanche before the Driver manages to kill them both. At the auto shop, Shannon offers to hide the money and he hunts down Cook in a strip club, smashes his fingers with a hammer, threatens to kill him, and force-feeds him the bullet that was given to Benicio. Cook reveals that Nino was behind the robbery, the Driver decides to return the money, but Nino dismisses the offer and instead sends a hitman to the Drivers apartment building. Entering the elevator with Irene, the Driver encounters the hitman and he then kisses Irene and brutally beats the hitman to death. Afterwards, Irene exits the elevator stunned and horrified, Bernie warns Nino that nobody steals from the Italian Mob. Nino is angry because the Italian Mob has marginalized and insulted him due to his Jewish heritage and he convinces Bernie to follow his plan. Bernie then murders Cook, as he is the witness to their agreement. After Shannon refuses to divulge the whereabouts of the driver, Bernie kills him at the shop with a straight razor
29.
Argo (2012 film)
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Argo is a 2012 American historical drama film directed by Ben Affleck. The screenplay by Chris Terrio is adapted from U. S, the film stars Affleck as Mendez with Bryan Cranston, Alan Arkin and John Goodman in supporting roles, and was released in the United States on October 12,2012. The film was produced by Grant Heslov, Affleck and George Clooney, upon release, Argo received widespread acclaim, with praise directed towards the acting, Afflecks direction, Terrios screenplay, the editing and Desplats score. The film received seven nominations at the 85th Academy Awards and won three, for Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Film Editing. The film also earned five Golden Globe Award nominations, winning Best Motion Picture – Drama and Best Director, while being nominated for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture for Alan Arkin. It won Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture at the 19th Screen Actors Guild Awards and it also won Best Film, Best Editing and Best Director at the 66th British Academy Film Awards and 37th Hochi Film Award for Best International Picture. On November 4,1979, Iranian activists storm the United States embassy in Tehran in retaliation for President Jimmy Carter giving the Shah asylum in the U. S. during the Iranian Revolution. 60 of the staff are taken as hostages, but six avoid capture. With the escapees situation kept secret, the U. S. State Department begins to explore options for exfiltrating them from Iran, central Intelligence Agency exfiltration specialist, is brought in for consultation. He criticizes the proposals, but is at a loss when asked for an alternative, Mendez contacts John Chambers, a Hollywood make-up artist who had previously crafted disguises for the CIA. Chambers puts Mendez in touch with film producer Lester Siegel, meanwhile, the escapees grow frantic inside the ambassadors residence. The revolutionaries reassemble embassy photographs shredded before the takeover and learn that some personnel have escaped, posing as a producer for Argo, Mendez enters Iran under the fake name Kevin Harkins and links up with the six escapees. He provides them with Canadian passports and fake identities to prepare them to get through security at the airport, although afraid to trust Mendezs scheme, they reluctantly go along with it, knowing that he is risking his own life too. A scouting visit to the bazaar to maintain their cover story takes a bad turn, Mendez is told that the operation has been cancelled to avoid conflicting with a planned military rescue of the hostages. He pushes ahead, forcing his boss Jack ODonnell to hastily re-obtain authorization for the mission to get tickets on a Swissair flight, the group boards the plane, which takes off just as the Revolutionary Guards at the airport uncover the ruse and try to stop them. To protect the remaining in Tehran from retaliation, all U. S. involvement in the rescue is suppressed and full credit is given to the Canadian government. The ambassadors Iranian housekeeper, who had known about the Americans and lied to the revolutionaries to protect them, escaped to Iraq. Mendez is awarded the Intelligence Star, but due to the classified nature
30.
Godzilla (2014 film)
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Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Tohos Godzilla franchise. It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Ken Watanabe, Elizabeth Olsen, Juliette Binoche, Sally Hawkins, David Strathairn, the film is a co-production between Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. Pictures, with the latter also distributing the film worldwide, except in Japan where it was distributed by Toho, the project initially began in 2004 and was originally intended to be an IMAX short film but was later transferred to Legendary for development as a feature film. Principal photography took place in the United States and Canada in 2013, Godzilla was released worldwide in 2D, 3D and IMAX on May 16,2014, to generally positive reviews and was a box office success, grossing $200 million domestically and $529.1 million worldwide. Kong to be released in 2020 In 1954, Godzilla, an ancient alpha predator, is lured to an island in an attempt to kill it with a nuclear bomb. In 1999, Project Monarch scientists Ishiro Serizawa and Vivienne Graham investigate a colossal skeleton unearthed in a mine in the Philippines. They find two giant spores, one dormant and one hatched with a trail leads to the sea. In Japan, the Janjira Nuclear Power Plant experiences unusual seismic activity, a tremor breaches the reactor, leaving Sandra and her team unable to escape while the plant collapses. Fifteen years later in 2014, Joes son Ford, a U. S and they successfully retrieve the data but are discovered by soldiers and taken to a secret facility in the power plants ruins. After several power failures, a giant winged creature emerges and escapes, Joe is severely wounded and dies as he and Ford are taken by helicopter to the U. S. S. The incident is reported around the world as an earthquake, Serizawa, Graham, and Ford join a U. S. Navy task force led by Admiral William Stenz to search for the creature, called a MUTO. Serizawa and Graham reveal to Ford that a 1954 deep sea expedition triggered the appearance of Godzilla, Ford reveals that Joe had monitored echolocation signals that indicated the MUTO was communicating with something. The MUTO attacks a Russian submarine and drops it on land in Hawaii to eat the subs nuclear material, Godzilla arrives, causing a tsunami in Honolulu and briefly engages the MUTO in battle, until it flees. Meanwhile, a second, larger, wingless MUTO emerges from the spore in Nevada. The scientists deduce the second MUTO is female, the female was the one the male was communicating with, over the scientists objections, Stenz approves a plan to use nuclear warheads to lure and destroy the monsters. Ford returns to the U. S. and ends up joining the team delivering the warheads by train, the single remaining warhead is airlifted with Ford to San Francisco and is activated after a confrontation between the military and Godzilla at the Golden Gate Bridge. The male MUTO steals the warhead and takes it to the female, while Godzilla and the MUTOs battle, a strike team, including Ford, enters the city via HALO jump to find and disarm the warhead. Unable to access the timer, the rest of the sets the warhead on a boat for disposal at sea
31.
David Shore
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David Shore is a Canadian writer, and former lawyer, best known for his work writing and producing in television. Shore became known for his work on Family Law, NYPD Blue and Due South and he went on to create the critically acclaimed series House and more recently, Battle Creek and Sneaky Pete. Shore was born in London, Ontario, to Jewish parents and his younger twin brothers, Ephraim and Raphael, are Aish HaTorah rabbis. David is the member of his family involved in television. Shore attended the University of Western Ontario for his studies after graduating from A. B. Lucas Secondary School with distinction. He subsequently attended the University of Toronto for his law degree in 1982, following his education he initially worked as a municipal and corporate lawyer in his native Canada before he moved to Los Angeles to break into television. He sees this as a move, as he did not consider being an attorney an uncreative occupation. His work on that series was nominated for two Emmy Awards and he then moved on to the series Family Law, Hack and Century City, but these were not commercial successes. Attanasios idea was to apply the police procedural genre to a show about medicine, while in most procedurals the characters are secondary to the mystery, Shore decided that a medical procedural should place the mystery secondary to the hero. He therefore conceived of a similar to the iconic detective Sherlock Holmes. That hero was Dr. Gregory House, the character of House, M. D played by the British actor. Although NBC took a pass on the series, Fox picked it up, the latter of these won the 2005 Emmy for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. Shore made his debut on the series House by directing the Season Two finale No Reason. Due to the success of House, Shore was granted a contract for a fourth, fifth and sixth season. The sixth season began with a season premiere titled Broken. Shore and his co-writers won the Writers Guild of America Award for episodic drama at the February 2010 ceremony for the premiere and it was renewed for a seventh season, which began airing on September 20,2010, and an eighth and final season. In 2009 he finished production of the short-lived police TV show Winters starring Famke Janssen, in February,2013, Entertainment Weekly reported that Shore would write for an upcoming ABC television show entitled Doubt, about a charming low-rent lawyer battling his demons starring Steve Coogan. In August 2015, Amazon. com released an episode for Sneaky Pete
32.
Canoga Park, Los Angeles
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Canoga Park is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, United States. Its 60, 000+ residents are considered to be highly diverse ethnically and it joined Los Angeles in 1917 and was renamed Canoga Park on March 1,1931, thanks to the efforts of local prominent civic leader Mary Logan Orcutt. They traded with the north Valley Tataviam-Fernandeño people, Native American civilizations inhabited the Valley for an estimated 8,000 years. Their culture left the Burro Flats Painted Cave nearby, from 1797 to 1846 the area was part of Mission San Fernando Rey de España. After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain the future Canoga Park land became part of Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando and it was located in the area west of Fallbrook Avenue and later called Platt Ranch. In 1863 the syndicate San Fernando Homestead Association led by Isaac Lankershim and they established seven wheat ranch operations and were the first to ship wheat to Europe from California. In 1869 Alfred Workman acquired the westernmost ranch, a 13,000 acres wheat farm in future Canoga Park, eucalyptus trees were introduced into the San Fernando Valley by Albert Workman, who imported seedlings from his native Australia and planted them on the Workman Ranch. In time they spread though the Canoga Park area ranches, farms and it has been said that these trees are the parents of all eucalyptus trees in Southern California. The area was included in the part of the southern San Fernando Valley development syndicate. The entire south San Fernando valley, from Roscoe Blvd south to the hills, the town was founded on March 30,1912, and the Suburban Home Company contracted with the Janss Investment Company, to sell properties. A pre-development scheme brought Pacific Electric streetcars and an all purpose highway out all the way from Hollywood through Cahuenga Pass, through the previously subdivided Van Nuys. Highlighting the opening day barbecue was the display of the Owensmouth Baby, Owensmouth, as the junior San Fernando Valley city to Van Nuys, promoted itself with the baby motif—using storks in their advertisement. The baby city of the Valley remained a small community. The lack of an independent water supply made annexation to the City of Los Angeles inevitable, the name was changed to Canoga Park in 1931. The Canoga Park Airstrip occupied the now known as Warner Center. In 1955, Rocketdyne, then a division of North American Aviation and it became a major employer along with the Atomics International and Santa Susana Field Laboratory divisions. Other aerospace companies followed, including Atomics International, Thompson Ramo Wooldridge-TRW, Hughes Aircraft, Rockwell International, Boeing, small machine shops and other ancillary businesses also sprang up to service the aerospace industry. Currently the facility is operated by Aerojet Rocketdyne, and is the only remaining aerospace industry, the Santa Susana Field Lab property has been closed and will be undergoing an extensive environmental cleanup, and become an open-space park
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Poultry farming
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Poultry farming is the process of raising domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese for the purpose of farming meat or eggs for food. Poultry are farmed in great numbers with chickens being the most numerous, more than 50 billion chickens are raised annually as a source of food, for both their meat and their eggs. Chickens raised for eggs are called layers while chickens raised for meat are often called broilers. In the US, the organization overseeing poultry production is the Food. In the UK, the organisation is the Department for Environment, Food. According to the researchers and scientists, 74% of the poultry meat. One alternative to intensive poultry farming is free-range farming using lower stocking densities, Poultry producers routinely use nationally approved medications, such as antibiotics, in feed or drinking water, to treat disease or to prevent disease outbreaks. Some FDA-approved medications are also approved for improved feed utilization, commercial hens usually begin laying eggs at 16–20 weeks of age, although production gradually declines soon after from approximately 25 weeks of age. In some countries, hens are force moulted to re-invigorate egg-laying, Environmental conditions are often automatically controlled in egg-laying systems. Some commercial breeds of hen can produce over 300 eggs a year, in the UK, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs states that a free-range chicken must have day-time access to open-air runs during at least half of its life. Unlike in the United States, this also applies to free-range egg laying hens. Free-range farming of egg-laying hens is increasing its share of the market, defra figures indicate that 45% of eggs produced in the UK throughout 2010 were free-range, 5% were produced in barn systems and 50% from cages. This compares with 41% being free-range in 2009, suitable land requires adequate drainage to minimise worms and coccidial oocysts, suitable protection from prevailing winds, good ventilation, access and protection from predators. Excess heat, cold or damp can have an effect on the animals. Free-range farmers have less control than farmers using cages in what food their chickens eat, in some farms, the manure from free-range poultry can be used to benefit crops. The benefits of free-range poultry farming for laying hens include opportunities for natural behaviours such as pecking, scratching, foraging, both intensive and free-range farming have animal welfare concerns. Cannibalism, feather pecking and vent pecking can be common, prompting farmers to use beak trimming as a preventative measure. Diseases can be common and the animals are vulnerable to predators, barn systems have been found to have the worst bird welfare
34.
Yucaipa, California
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Yucaipa is a city located 10 miles east of San Bernardino, in San Bernardino County, California, United States. The population was 51,367 at the 2010 census, up from 41,207 at the 2000 census, according to San Bernardino County, the projected population in 2012 is 58,187. Yucaipa has the distinction of being the former, longtime home of a population of Serrano Indians and was also known for being the home base of what is now Stater Bros. Yucaipa City is located in the southwestern United States, in southeastern California and this city is approximately 2,600 ft above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 27.8 square miles. Yucaipa is home to Yucaipa Regional Park, Flag Hill Veterans Memorial Park, Seventh Street Park, I Street Park, and Wildwood Park. Recently added was the Yucaipa Community Park, the Bryant Glen Sports Complex, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Yucaipa has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csb on climate maps. The 2010 United States Census reported that Yucaipa had a population of 51,367, the population density was 1,841.5 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Yucaipa was 40,824 White,837 African American,485 Native American,1,431 Asian,74 Pacific Islander,5,589 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,943 persons. The Census reported that 50,813 people lived in households,227 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,061 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 114 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,198 households were made up of individuals and 1,970 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.79. There were 13,099 families, the family size was 3.29. The median age was 37.8 years, for every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.5 males, there were 19,642 housing units at an average density of 704.2 per square mile, of which 13,503 were owner-occupied, and 4,728 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3. 0%, the vacancy rate was 9. 0%. 37,165 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,648 people lived in housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Yucaipa had a household income of $59,428. Since the city incorporated in 1989, it has experienced a significant level of growth, as of the census of 2000, Yucaipa had 41,207 residents,15,193 households, and 10,680 families
35.
Foreclosure
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Formally, a mortgage lender, or other lienholder, obtains a termination of a mortgage borrower s equitable right of redemption, either by court order or by operation of law. Usually a lender obtains a security interest from a borrower who mortgages or pledges an asset like a house to secure the loan. If the borrower defaults and the lender tries to repossess the property, while this equitable right exists, it is a cloud on title and the lender cannot be sure that they can successfully repossess the property. Therefore, through the process of foreclosure, the lender seeks to foreclose the equitable right of redemption, other lien holders can also foreclose the owners right of redemption for other debts, such as for overdue taxes, unpaid contractors bills or overdue homeowners association dues or assessments. Commonly, the violation of the mortgage is a default in payment of a promissory note, the mortgage holder can usually initiate foreclosure at a time specified in the mortgage documents, typically some period of time after a default condition occurs. Within the United States, Canada and many countries, several types of foreclosure exist. In the U. S. two of them – namely, by sale and by power of sale – are widely used. Under this system, the lender initiates foreclosure by filing a lawsuit against the borrower, as with all other legal actions, all parties must be notified of the foreclosure, but notification requirements vary significantly from state to state. A judicial decision is announced after the exchange of pleadings at a hearing in a state or local court, in some rather rare instances, foreclosures are filed in federal courts. In some states, like California and Texas, nearly all so-called mortgages are actually deeds of trust and this process involves the sale of the property by the mortgage holder without court supervision. This process is much faster and cheaper than foreclosure by judicial sale. As in judicial sale, the holder and other lien holders are respectively first. Other types of foreclosure are considered minor because of their limited availability, should the mortgagor fail to do so, the mortgage holder gains the title to the property with no obligation to sell it. This type of foreclosure is available only when the value of the property is less than the debt. Historically, strict foreclosure was the method of foreclosure. Acceleration is a clause that is found in Sections 16,17. Not all accelerations are the same for each mortgage, as it depends on the terms, when a term in the mortgage has been broken, the acceleration clause goes into effect. It can declare the entire debt to the Lender if the Borrower were to transfer the title at a future date to a purchaser
36.
Charles Manson
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Charles Milles Manson, 136–7 is an American criminal and former cult leader who led what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune that arose in California in the late 1960s. Mansons followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations over a period of five weeks in the middle of 1969. In 1971 he was guilty of conspiracy to commit the murders of seven people – most notably of the actress Sharon Tate – all of which were carried out by members of the group at his instruction. He is currently serving nine concurrent life sentences at Corcoran State Prison in Corcoran, Manson believed in what he called Helter Skelter, a term he took from the Beatles song of the same name. Manson believed Helter Skelter to be an impending race war. He believed the murders would help precipitate that war, from the beginning of his notoriety, a pop culture arose around him in which he ultimately became an emblem of insanity, violence and the macabre. At the time the Family began to form, Manson was a former convict. Before the murders, he was a singer-songwriter on the fringe of the Los Angeles music industry, chiefly through an association with Dennis Wilson, drummer. After Manson was charged with the crimes of which he was convicted, recordings of songs written. Various musicians have covered some of his songs, born to an unmarried 16-year-old named Kathleen Maddox, in the General Hospital, in Cincinnati, Ohio, Manson was first named no name Maddox. Within weeks, he was called Charles Milles Maddox. 136–7 For a period after his birth and his biological father appears to have been Colonel Walker Scott against whom Kathleen Maddox filed a paternity suit that resulted in an agreed judgment in 1937. In the biography Manson in His Own Words, Colonel Scott is said to have been a young drugstore cowboy, a transient laborer working on a nearby dam project. It is not clear what nearby means, the description is in a paragraph that indicates Kathleen Maddox gave birth to Manson while living in Cincinnati, after she had run away from her own home, in Ashland, Kentucky. There is much about Mansons early life that is in dispute because of the stories he has offered to interviewers. Mansons mother was allegedly a heavy drinker. 136–7 According to Manson, she sold her son for a pitcher of beer to a childless waitress. In 1947, Kathleen Maddox tried to have her son placed in a foster home, the court placed Manson in the Gibault School for Boys in Terre Haute, Indiana. He escaped after one day, but was recaptured and placed in Boys Town, four days after his arrival there, he escaped with another boy. The pair committed two armed robberies on their way to the home of the boys uncle
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