The Buddhist Society of India, known as the Bharatiya Bauddha Mahasabha, is a national Buddhist organization in the Republic of India. It was founded by B. R. Ambedkar on 4 May 1955 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Ambedkar was the father of the Indian Constitution, polymath, human rights activist and Buddhism revivalist in India. He was first national President of the organization. At a ceremony held on 8 May 1955 in Nare Park, Bombay, Ambedkar formally announced the establishment of this organization for the spread of Buddhism in India. Its headquarter is in Mumbai. Currently Rajratna Ambedkar, the Great Grandson of B. R. Ambedkar, is the National President of the Buddhist Society of India

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer and political leader who headed the committee drafting the Constitution of India from the Constituent Assembly debates, served as Law and Justice minister in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru, and inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement after renouncing Hinduism.