1.
Tampa, Florida
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Tampa is a major city in, and the county seat of, Hillsborough County, Florida. It is located on the west coast of Florida on Tampa Bay, near the Gulf of Mexico, the city had a population of 346,037 in 2011. The current location of Tampa was once inhabited by peoples of the Safety Harbor culture. The area was explored by Spanish explorers in the 16th century, resulting in violent conflicts and the introduction of European diseases, which wiped out the original native cultures. In 1824, the United States Army established a frontier outpost called Fort Brooke at the mouth of the Hillsborough River, near the site of todays Tampa Convention Center. The first civilian residents were pioneers who settled near the fort for protection from the nearby Seminole population, today, Tampa is part of the metropolitan area most commonly referred to as the Tampa Bay Area. For U. S. Census purposes, Tampa is part of the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, the Greater Tampa Bay area has over 4 million residents and generally includes the Tampa and Sarasota metro areas. The Tampa Bay Partnership and U. S. Census data showed an annual growth of 2.47 percent. A2012 estimate shows the Tampa Bay area population to have 4,310,524 people, Tampa was ranked as the 5th best outdoor city by Forbes in 2008. Tampa also ranks as the fifth most popular American city, based on where people want to live, a 2004 survey by the NYU newspaper Washington Square News ranked Tampa as a top city for twenty-somethings. Tampa is ranked as a Gamma+ world city by Loughborough University, ranked alongside other world cities such as Phoenix, Charlotte, Rotterdam, and Santo Domingo. The word Tampa may mean sticks of fire in the language of the Calusa and this might be a reference to the many lightning strikes that the area receives during the summer months. Other historians claim the name means the place to gather sticks, toponymist George R. Stewart writes that the name was the result of a miscommunication between the Spanish and the Indians, the Indian word being itimpi, meaning simply near it. The name first appears in the Memoir of Hernando de Escalante Fontaneda and he calls it Tanpa and describes it as an important Calusa town. While Tanpa may be the basis for the modern name Tampa, archaeologist Jerald Milanich places the Calusa village of Tanpa at the mouth of Charlotte Harbor, the original Bay of Tanpa. A later Spanish expedition did not notice Charlotte Harbor while sailing north along the west coast of Florida, the name was accidentally transferred north. Map makers were using the term Bay or Bahia Tampa as early as 1695, people from Tampa are known as Tampans or Tampanians. Latin Americans from Tampa are known as tampeños, or tampeñas for females and these terms of Spanish origin emerged after 1900 for the immigrant communities in West Tampa and Ybor City
2.
Augusta, Georgia
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It is in the piedmont section of the state. The city was named after Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, according to 2012 US Census estimates, the Augusta–Richmond County population was 197,872, not counting the unconsolidated cities of Hephzibah and Blythe. It is the 116th-largest city in the United States, internationally, Augusta is best known for hosting The Masters golf tournament each spring. The area along the river was inhabited by varying cultures of indigenous peoples. The site of Augusta was used by Native Americans as a place to cross the Savannah River, in 1735, two years after James Oglethorpe founded Savannah, he sent a detachment of troops to explore the upper Savannah River. He gave them an order to build at the head of the part of the river. The expedition was led by Noble Jones, who created the settlement to provide a first line of defense for coastal areas against potential Spanish or French invasion from the interior, Oglethorpe named the town Augusta, in honor of Princess Augusta, wife of Frederick, Prince of Wales. Oglethorpe visited Augusta once, in September 1739, Augusta was the second state capital of Georgia from 1785 until 1795. Augusta developed rapidly as a town as the Black Belt in the Piedmont was developed for cotton cultivation. Invention of the cotton gin made processing of cotton profitable. Cotton plantations were worked by labor, with hundreds of thousands of slaves shipped from the Upper South to the Deep South in the domestic slave trade. In the mid-20th century, it was a site of civil rights demonstrations, in 1970 Charles Oatman, a mentally disabled teenager, was killed by his cellmates in an Augusta jail. A protest against his death broke out in a riot involving 500 people, after six black men were killed by police, the noted singer and entertainer James Brown was called in to help quell lingering tensions, which he succeeded in doing. Augusta is located on the Georgia/South Carolina border, about 150 miles east of Atlanta and 70 miles west of Columbia, the city is located at 33°28′12″N 81°58′30″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the Augusta–Richmond County balance has an area of 306.5 square miles. Augusta is located halfway up the Savannah River on the fall line. The city marks the end of a waterway for the river. The Clarks Hill Dam is built on the line near Augusta
3.
City College of New York
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The City College of the City University of New York is a public senior college of the City University of New York in New York City. Located on a hill overlooking Harlem in Manhattan, City Colleges 35-acre Collegiate Gothic campus spans Convent Avenue from 130th to 141st Streets and it was initially designed by renowned architect George B. Post, and many of its buildings have achieved landmark status, affectionately known as the Harvard of the proletariat, the college has graduated more Nobel Prize winners than any other public university in the United States. Among these 10 alumni, the latest is a Bronx native, founded in 1847, City College was the first free public institution of higher education in the United States. It is the oldest of CUNYs 24 institutions of higher learning, the City College of New York was founded as the Free Academy of the City of New York in 1847 by wealthy businessman and president of the Board of Education Townsend Harris. A combination prep school and college, it would provide children of immigrants, in 1847, New York State Governor John Young had given permission to the Board of Education to found the Free Academy, which was ratified in a statewide referendum. Dr. Horace Webster, a West Point graduate, was the first president of the Free Academy. In 1847, a curriculum was adopted which had nine main fields, mathematics, history, language, literature, drawing, natural philosophy, experimental philosophy, law, and political economy. The Academys first graduation took place in 1853 in Niblos Garden Theatre, even in its early years, the Free Academy showed tolerance for diversity, especially in comparison to its urban neighbor, Columbia College, which was exclusive to the sons of wealthy families. The Free Academy had a framework of tolerance that extended beyond the admission of students from every social stratum, in 1854, Columbias trustees denied Oliver Wolcott Gibbs, a distinguished chemist and scientist, a faculty position because of Gibbss Unitarian religious beliefs. Gibbs was a professor and held an appointment at the Free Academy since 1848, later in the history of CCNY, in the early 1900s, President John H. Finley gave the College a more secular orientation by abolishing mandatory chapel attendance. This change occurred at a time when more Jewish students were enrolling in the College, in 1866, the Free Academy, a mens institution, was renamed the College of the City of New York. In 1929, the College of the City of New York became the City College of New York, the names City College of New York and City College, however, remain in general use. With the name change in 1866, lavender was chosen as the Colleges color, in 1867, the academic senate, the first student government in the nation, was formed. Having struggled over the issue for ten years, in 1895 the New York State legislature voted to let the College build a new campus. A four-square block site was chosen, located in Manhattanville, within the area which was enclosed by the North Campus Arches, like President Webster, the second president of City College was a West Point graduate. The second president, General Alexander S. Webb, assumed office in 1869, one of the Unions heroes at Gettysburg, General Webb was the commander of the Philadelphia Brigade. When the Union Army repulsed the Confederates at Cemetery Hill, General Webb played a role in the battle
4.
Actor
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An actor is a person who portrays a character in a performance. Simplistically speaking, the person denominated actor or actress is someone beautiful who plays important characters, the actor performs in the flesh in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is ὑποκριτής, literally one who answers, the actors interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is playing themselves, as in forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly, to act, is to create. Formerly, in societies, only men could become actors. When used for the stage, women played the roles of prepubescent boys. The etymology is a derivation from actor with ess added. However, when referring to more than one performer, of both sexes, actor is preferred as a term for male performers. Actor is also used before the name of a performer as a gender-specific term. Within the profession, the re-adoption of the term dates to the 1950–1960s. As Whoopi Goldberg put it in an interview with the paper, Im an actor – I can play anything. The U. K. performers union Equity has no policy on the use of actor or actress, an Equity spokesperson said that the union does not believe that there is a consensus on the matter and stated that the. subject divides the profession. In 2009, the Los Angeles Times stated that Actress remains the term used in major acting awards given to female recipients. However, player remains in use in the theatre, often incorporated into the name of a group or company, such as the American Players. Also, actors in improvisational theatre may be referred to as players, prior to Thespis act, Grecian stories were only expressed in song, dance, and in third person narrative. In honor of Thespis, actors are commonly called Thespians, the exclusively male actors in the theatre of ancient Greece performed in three types of drama, tragedy, comedy, and the satyr play. Western theatre developed and expanded considerably under the Romans, as the Western Roman Empire fell into decay through the 4th and 5th centuries, the seat of Roman power shifted to Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire. Records show that mime, pantomime, scenes or recitations from tragedies and comedies, dances, from the 5th century, Western Europe was plunged into a period of general disorder
5.
Scarlett O'Hara
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Katie Scarlett OHara is a fictional character and the main protagonist in Margaret Mitchells 1936 novel Gone with the Wind and in the later film of the same name. During early drafts of the novel, Mitchell referred to her heroine as Pansy. OHara is the oldest living child of Gerald and Ellen OHara and she was born in 1845 on her familys plantation Tara in Georgia. She was named Katie Scarlett, after her fathers mother, but is always called Scarlett, except by her father and she is from a Catholic family of Irish and French ancestry, and a descendent of an aristocratic Savannah family on her mothers side. OHara has black hair, green eyes, and pale skin and she is famous for her fashionably small waist. Scarlett has two sisters, Susan Elinor OHara and Caroline Irene OHara, and three little brothers who died in infancy. Her baby brothers are buried in the burying ground at Tara. When the novel opens, Scarlett is sixteen and she is vain, self-centered, and very spoiled by her wealthy parents. She can also be insecure, but is intelligent, despite her fashionable Southern-belle pretense at ignorance. She is somewhat unusual among Southern women, whom society preferred to act as dainty creatures who needed protection from their men, Scarlett is aware that she is only acting empty-headed, and resents the fashionable necessity of it, unlike most of her typical party-going Southern belles social set. Outwardly, Scarlett is the picture of southern charm and womanly virtues, the one man she truly wants, however, is her neighbor, Ashley Wilkes – the one man she cant have. The Wilkes family has a tradition of intermarrying with their cousins, Scarletts motivation in the early part of the novel centers on her desire to win Ashleys heart. When he refuses her advances, she takes refuge in childish rage, Rhett Butler, a wealthy older bachelor and a society pariah, overhears Scarlett express her love to Ashley during a barbecue at Twelve Oaks, the Wilkes estate. Rhett admires Scarletts willfulness and her departure from accepted propriety as well as her beauty and he pursues Scarlett, but is aware of her impetuousness, childish spite, and her fixation on Ashley. He assists Scarlett in defiance of proper Victorian mourning customs when her husband, Charles Hamilton, dies in a training camp, Scarlett, privately chafing from the strict rules of polite society, finds friendship with Rhett liberating. The Civil War sweeps away the lifestyle for which Scarlett was raised, Scarlett, left destitute after Shermans army marches through Georgia, becomes the sole source of strength for her family. Her character begins to harden as her relatives, the family servants, Scarlett becomes money-conscious and more materialistic in her motivation to ensure that her family survives and Tara stays in her family, while other Georgia planters are losing their homes. Her conduct results in the death of her second husband, Frank Kennedy
6.
Gone with the Wind (film)
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Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film adapted from Margaret Mitchells 1936 novel Gone with the Wind. It was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures, the leading roles are portrayed by Vivien Leigh, Clark Gable, Leslie Howard, and Olivia de Havilland. Production was difficult from the start, filming was delayed for two years due to Selznicks determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the search for Scarlett led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part. The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard, but underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length, the film received positive reviews upon its release in December 1939, although some reviewers found it dramatically lacking and bloated. The casting was praised and many reviewers found Leigh especially suited to her role as Scarlett. It set records for the number of wins and nominations at the time. The film was popular, becoming the highest-earning film made up to that point. When adjusted for inflation, it is still the most successful film in box-office history. It was re-released periodically throughout the 20th century and became ingrained in popular culture, part 1 On the eve of the American Civil War in 1861, Scarlett OHara lives at Tara, her familys cotton plantation in Georgia, with her parents and two sisters. At the Twelve Oaks party, Scarlett secretly declares her feelings to Ashley, Scarlett is incensed when she discovers another guest, Rhett Butler, has overheard their conversation, a smitten Rhett promises Scarlett he will keep her secret. The barbecue is disrupted by the declaration of war and the men rush to enlist, as Scarlett watches Ashley kiss Melanie goodbye, Melanies younger brother Charles proposes to her. Although she does not love him, Scarlett consents and they are married before he leaves to fight, Scarlett is widowed when Charles dies from a bout of pneumonia and measles while serving in the Confederate Army. Scarletts mother sends her to the Hamilton home in Atlanta to cheer her up, Scarlett, who should not attend a party while in mourning, attends a charity bazaar in Atlanta with Melanie where she runs into Rhett again, now a blockade runner for the Confederacy. Celebrating a Confederate victory and to money for the Confederate war effort. Rhett makes a large bid for Scarlett and, to the disapproval of the guests. The tide of war turns against the Confederacy after the Battle of Gettysburg in which many of the men of Scarletts town are killed, upon her return home, Scarlett finds Tara deserted, except for her father, her sisters, and two former slaves, Mammy and Pork. Scarlett learns that her mother has just died of fever and her father has become incompetent. With Tara pillaged by Union troops and the fields untended, Scarlett vows she will do anything for the survival of her family and herself
7.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
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A Midsummer Nights Dream is a comedy written by William Shakespeare in 1595/96. It portrays the events surrounding the marriage of Theseus, the Duke of Athens, to Hippolyta, the former queen of the Amazons. These include the adventures of four young Athenian lovers and a group of six actors who are controlled and manipulated by the fairies who inhabit the forest in which most of the play is set. The play is one of Shakespeares most popular works for the stage and is performed across the world. The play opens with Hermia, who is in love with Lysander, resistant to her father Egeus demand that she wed Demetrius, Helena meanwhile pines unrequitedly for Demetrius. Enraged, Egeus invokes an ancient Athenian law before Duke Theseus, whereby a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, Theseus offers her another choice, lifelong chastity while worshipping the goddess Artemis as a nun. Quince reads the names of characters and bestows them to the players, nick Bottom, who is playing the main role of Pyramus, is over-enthusiastic and wants to dominate others by suggesting himself for the characters of Thisbe, the Lion, and Pyramus at the same time. He would also rather be a tyrant and recites some lines of Ercles, Bottom is told by Quince that he would do the Lion so terribly as to frighten the duchess and ladies enough for the Duke and Lords to have the players hanged. Quince ends the meeting with at the Dukes oak we meet, in a parallel plot line, Oberon, king of the fairies, and Titania, his queen, have come to the forest outside Athens. Titania tells Oberon that she plans to stay there until she has attended Theseus, Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian changeling to Oberon for use as his knight or henchman, since the childs mother was one of Titanias worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titanias disobedience, when the concoction is applied to the eyelids of a sleeping person, that person, upon waking, falls in love with the first living thing they perceive. He instructs Puck to retrieve the flower with the hope that he might make Titania fall in love with an animal of the forest and thereby shame her into giving up the little Indian boy. He says, And ere I take this charm from off her sight, /As I can take it with another herb, Hermia and Lysander have escaped to the same forest in hopes of eloping. Helena, desperate to reclaim Demetriuss love, tells Demetrius about the plan, Helena continually makes advances towards Demetrius, promising to love him more than Hermia. However, he rebuffs her with cruel insults against her, observing this, Oberon orders Puck to spread some of the magical juice from the flower on the eyelids of the young Athenian man. Instead, Puck mistakes Lysander for Demetrius, not having seen either before. Helena, coming across him, wakes him while attempting to determine whether he is dead or asleep, upon this happening, Lysander immediately falls in love with Helena. Oberon sees Demetrius still following Hermia and is enraged, when Demetrius goes to sleep, Oberon sends Puck to get Helena while he charms Demetrius eyes
8.
Katherine Dunham
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Katherine Mary Dunham was an American dancer, choreographer, author, educator, and social activist. Dunham had one of the most successful careers in American and European theater of the 20th century. She has been called the matriarch and queen mother of black dance, while a student at the University of Chicago, Dunham took leave and went to the Caribbean to study dance and ethnography. She later returned to graduate and submitted a thesis in anthropology. She did not complete the requirements for the degree, however. Dunham was an innovator in African-American modern dance as well as a leader in the field of dance anthropology and she also developed the Dunham Technique. Katherine Mary Dunham was born on June 22,1909 in a Chicago hospital and taken as an infant to her parents home in Glen Ellyn, Illinois and her father, Albert Millard Dunham, was a descendant of slaves from West Africa and Madagascar. Her mother, Fanny June Dunham, who was of mixed French-Canadian and Native American heritage and she had an older brother, Albert Jr. with whom she had a close relationship. After her fathers remarriage a few later, the family moved to a predominantly white neighborhood in Joliet, Illinois. Dunham became interested in writing and dance at a young age. In 1921, a story she wrote when she was 12 years old called Come Back to Arizona appeared in volume 2 of The Brownies Book. In high school she joined the Terpsichorean Club and began to learn a kind of dance based on the ideas of Jaques-Dalcroze. At a young age, Dunham organized a party to raise money for her church in which she starred in. At the age of 15, she organized the Blue Moon Café, a cabaret for Browns Methodist Church in Joliet. While still a school student, she opened a private dance school for young black children. After completing her studies at Joliet Junior College, Dunham moved to Chicago to join her brother Albert, in a lecture by Robert Redfield, a professor of anthropology, she learned that much of black culture in modern America had begun in Africa. She consequently decided to major in anthropology and to focus on dances of the African diaspora, besides Redfield, she studied under anthropologists such as A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, Edward Sapir, and Bronisław Malinowski, under their tutelage, she showed great promise in her ethnographic studies of dance
9.
George Abbott
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George Francis Abbott was an American theater producer and director, playwright, screenwriter, and film director and producer whose career spanned nine decades. Abbott was born in Forestville, New York to George Burwell Abbott and he later moved to the town of Salamanca, which twice elected his father mayor. In 1898, his family moved to Cheyenne, Wyoming, where he attended Kearney Military Academy, within a few years, his family returned to New York, and he graduated from Hamburg High School in 1907. Four years later, he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Rochester, Abbott then went to Harvard University, to take a course in playwriting from George Pierce Baker. Under Bakers tutelage, he wrote The Head of the Family and he then worked for a year as assistant stage manager at the Bijou Theatre in Boston, where his play The Man in the Manhole won a contest. Abbott started acting on Broadway in 1913, debuting in The Misleading Lady, while acting in several plays in New York City, he began to write, his first successful play was The Fall Guy. Abbott acquired a reputation as a show doctor. He frequently was called upon to supervise changes when a show was having difficulties in tryouts or previews prior to its Broadway opening and his first great hit was Broadway, written and directed in partnership with Philip Dunning, whose play Abbott rejiggered. It opened on September 16,1926, at the Broadhurst Theatre, other successes followed, and it was a rare year that did not have an Abbott production on Broadway. He also worked in Hollywood as a writer and director while continuing with his theater work, in 1963, he published his autobiography, Mister Abbott. Abbott was married to Edna Lewis from 1914 to her death in 1930, actress Mary Sinclair was his second wife. Their marriage lasted from 1946 until their 1951 divorce and he had a long romance with actress Maureen Stapleton from 1968 to 1978. She was 43 and he was 81 when they began their affair and his third wife was Joy Valderrama. They were married from 1983 until his death in 1995, Abbott was a vigorous man who remained active past his 100th birthday by golfing and dancing. He died of a stroke on January 31,1995, in Miami Beach, Florida, at the age of 106, he walked down the aisle on opening night of the Damn Yankees revival and received a standing ovation. He was heard saying to his companion, There must be somebody important here.1 In 1965, the building was demolished in 1970. New York Citys George Abbott Way, the section of West 45th Street northwest of Times Square, is named after him. He received New York Citys Handel Medallion in 1976, honorary doctorates from the Universities of Rochester and Miami, and he was also inducted into the Western New York Entertainment Hall of Fame and the American Theatre Hall of Fame
10.
Broadway theatre
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
11.
Scout (sport)
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Advance scouts watch the teams that their teams are going to play in order to help determine strategy. Many scouts are former coaches or retired players, while others have made a career just of being scouts, Major League scouts and professional scouts typically track active players under contract to other teams for potential acquisition. They also may support advance scouts or evaluate competing minor league organizations, per their designation, the former follow players in MLB, while pro scouts work minor league and independent league baseball. Amateur scouts evaluate high school and college players and prepare their MLB teams for the June amateur draft. To ensure that players are seen by multiple evaluators, amateur scouts are usually divided into area scouts, regional cross-checkers, international scouts cover players not from the United States, Puerto Rico and other U. S. territories, or Canada. Modern day scouts are becoming more and more reliant on computer programs to aid, many professional sport clubs now use computers to organize their collected information and data. Most sports still depend on human management to decide which players their organization will draft or sign, steve Belichick — late assistant coach and scout for the United States Naval Academy, author of Football Scouting Methods, and father of the NFL coach. Dick Haley — architect of 1970s Pittsburgh Steelers dynasty Bill Nunn — legendary scout for Pittsburgh Steelers Will Robinson- also scouted for the NFLs Detroit Lions. Kevin Mackey, Indiana Pacers Piet de Visser Geoff Twentyman Les Kershaw Jack Hixon Marco Zunino Liam Brady Pierluigi Casiraghi Jorge Alvial Håkan Andersson Garnet Bailey Jordan, occasional Glory, The History of the Philadelphia Phillies. ISBN 0-7864-1260-7 Robbins, Mike, Ninety Feet from Fame, Close Calls With Baseball Immortality, crowning the Kansas City Royals, Remembering the 1985 World Series Champs. Prophet of the Sandlots, Journeys with a Major League Scout
12.
David O. Selznick
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David O. Selznick was an American film producer, screenwriter and film studio executive. He is best known for producing Gone with the Wind and Rebecca, David Selznick was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Florence Anna and silent movie producer and distributor Lewis J. Selznick. His parents were Ukrainian Jewish immigrants and he had four siblings and his dad was born in Kyiv in 1870. Selznick added the O to distinguish himself from an uncle with the same name and he studied at Columbia University in New York City and worked as an apprentice for his father until the elders bankruptcy in 1923. In 1926, Selznick moved to Hollywood, and with the help of his fathers connections and he left MGM for Paramount Pictures in 1928, where he worked until 1931, when he joined RKO as Head of Production. David Selznicks years at RKO were fruitful, and he worked on films, including A Bill of Divorcement. Rockabye, Bird of Paradise, Our Betters, and King Kong, while at RKO, he also gave George Cukor his directing break. In 1933 he returned to MGM where his father-in-law, Louis B, mayer established a second prestige production unit for David, parallel to that of powerful Irving Thalberg, who was in poor health. Selznicks unit output included the all star cast movie Dinner at Eight, David Copperfield, Anna Karenina, despite his output of successful movies at MGM, Paramount Pictures, and RKO Pictures, Selznick longed to be an independent producer with his own studio. In 1935 he realized that goal by leasing RKO Culver City Studios & back lot, formed Selznick International Pictures, Gone with the Wind won eight Oscars and two special awards. Selznick also won the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award that same year, in 1940 he produced his second Best Picture Oscar winner in a row, Rebecca, the first Hollywood production for British director Alfred Hitchcock. Selznick had brought Hitchcock over from England, launching the directors American career, Rebecca was Hitchcocks only film to win Best Picture. After Rebecca, Selznick closed Selznick International Pictures and took time off. His business activities included the loan of his artists to other studios, including Alfred Hitchcock, Ingrid Bergman, Vivien Leigh. In 1944, he formed The Selznick Studio and returned to producing pictures with the huge success Since You Went Away and he followed that with the Hitchcock films Spellbound and The Paradine Case, as well as Portrait of Jennie, a vehicle for Jennifer Jones. He also developed projects and sold the packages to other producers. Among the movies that he developed but then sold was Hitchcocks Notorious, in 1949 he co-produced the Carol Reed picture The Third Man with Alexander Korda. Gone with the Wind overshadowed the rest of Selznicks career, later, he was convinced that he had wasted his life trying to out do it
13.
The Women (1939 film)
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The Women is a 1939 American comedy-drama film directed by George Cukor. Ruth Hussey, Virginia Weidler, Butterfly McQueen, and Hedda Hopper also appeared in smaller roles, fontaine was the last surviving actress with a credited role in the film, she died in 2013. The film continued the plays all-female tradition—the entire cast of more than 130 speaking roles was female, throughout The Women, not a single male is seen — although the males are much talked about, and the central theme is the womens relationships with them. Lesbianism is intimated in the portrayal of one character, Nancy Blake. The attention to detail was such that even in such as portraits, only female figures are represented. The only exceptions are a poster-drawing clearly of a bull in the show segment. On DVD, the black and white fashion show, which is a different take, is available for the first time. The Women follows the lives of Manhattan women, focusing in particular on Mary Haines, after a bit of gossip flies around the salon these wealthy women visit, Marys cousin Sylvia Fowler goes to a salon to get the newest, exclusive nail color, Jungle Red. She learns from a manicurist that Marys husband has been having an affair with a perfume counter girl named Crystal Allen. A notorious gossip, Sylvia delights in sharing the news with Marys friends, while Marys mother urges her to ignore the gossip, Mary begins to have her own suspicions about her husbands increasingly frequent claims that he needs to work late. She decides to travel to Bermuda with her mother to think about the situation, upon her return, Mary heads to a fashion show and learns that Crystal is in attendance, trying on clothes in a dressing room. Mary, at Sylvias insistence, confronts her about the affair, heartbroken and humiliated, Mary leaves quickly. The gossip continues, exacerbated by Sylvia and her friend Edith, Mary chooses to divorce her husband despite his efforts to convince her to stay. As she is packing to leave for Reno, Mary explains the divorce to Little Mary, Mary and her new friends settle in at a Reno ranch, where they get plenty of unsolicited advice from Lucy, the gruffly warm-hearted woman who runs the ranch. The Countess tells tales of her husbands and seems to have found another prospect in Reno. Miriam reveals she has been having an affair with Sylvia Fowlers husband, Peggy, who has discovered that she is pregnant, is urged to call her husband, resolve their misunderstanding, and end the divorce proceedings. Sylvia arrives at the ranch, now that her husband has requested a divorce, when she discovers that Miriam is to become the new Mrs. Fowler, a catfight ensues. Mary succeeds in breaking up the fight, Miriam convinces her that she, too, should forget her pride, get her husband on the phone, and try to patch things up before their divorce becomes legal in a few hours
14.
Mary Livingstone
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Mary Livingstone, was an American radio comedian and actress. She was the wife and radio partner of comedian Jack Benny, enlisted almost entirely by accident to perform on her husbands popular program, she proved a talented comedian. Livingstone was born Sadie Marcowitz in Seattle, Washington, but raised in Vancouver and her father, David Marcowitz, was a Jewish immigrant from Romania. Her mother was Esther Wagner Marcowitz, according to the International Jack Benny Fan Club, claims that Livingstone was related to the Marx Brothers or their uncle Al Shean of Gallagher and Shean are unfounded. She first met her husband, Jack Benny, at a Passover seder at her family home when she was 14 years old. Benny was invited by his friend Zeppo Marx while Benny and the Marx Brothers were in together to perform. Three years later, aged 17, Sadie visited California with her family while Jack Benny was in the town for a show. Still nursing a crush on the comedian, Sadie went to the theater to re-introduce herself to him. As he approached her in a hallway, she smiled and said, Hello, Mr. Benny, Im. They met again a few years later — while she was said to be working as a salesgirl at a May Company department store in downtown Los Angeles —. Invited on a double-date by a friend who had married Sadies sister, Babe and this time, the couple clicked, Jack was finally smitten with Sadie and asked her on another date. She turned him down at first — she was seeing another young man — but Benny persisted. He visited her at the May Company almost daily and was reputed to buy so much ladies hosiery from her that he helped her set a sales record, he also called her several times a day when on the road. Sadie took part in some of Jacks vaudeville performances but never thought of herself as a full-time performer, then came the day he called her at home and asked her to come to the studio quickly. At first, it seemed like a role, she played the part on that nights. But NBC received so much fan mail that the character was revived into a feature on the Benny show. Livingstones chiss sweeze sandwich order in a lunch counter sketch was referred to for years afterwards. Another flubbed line was How could you possibly hit a car when it was up on the grease rack, instead, she asked, How could you possibly hit a car when it was up on the grass reek
15.
The Jack Benny Program
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The Jack Benny Program, starring Jack Benny, is a radio-TV comedy series that ran for more than three decades and is generally regarded as a high-water mark in 20th-century American comedy. Protagonist of the show, Benny is a comic, vain, penny-pinching miser, insisting on remaining 39 years old on stage despite his actual age, Eddie Anderson - Rochester Van Jones, Jacks valet and chauffeur. Early in the run, he often talked of gambling or going out with women. Later on, he complained about his lack of salary. Don generally opened the show and also did the commercial and he was the target of Jacks jokes, mostly about his weight. Dennis was always in his early 20s no matter how old he actually was and he was sweet but not very bright. When called upon, he could use a variety of accents. He usually sang a song about 10 minutes into the program, if the episode was a flashback to a previous time, a ruse would be used such as Dennis singing his song for Jack so he could hear it before the show. Although Sadie Marks, in life, was Jack Bennys wife, Mary Livingstone was a very sarcastic. Sometimes she was presented as a date, sometimes as a love interest and her role changed from plot to plot and she was never a steady girlfriend for Jack. In one episode, Fred Allen summarized Marys role as a girl to insult, Marks later legally changed her name to Mary Livingstone in response to the characters popularity. Her role on the program was reduced in the 1950s, a skirt-chasing, arrogant, hip-talking bandleader who constantly put Jack down. He referred to Mary as Livvy or Liv, and Jack as Jackson, an on-air joke explains this by saying, Its as close to jackass as I can get without being fired or getting into trouble with a censor. Spun off into The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show with his wife, Harris left the radio show in 1952 and his character did not make the transition to television. Mel Blanc - Carmichael the Polar Bear, Professor Pierre LeBlanc, Sy the Mexican, Polly, The Maxwell, an occasional running gag went along the lines of how the various characters Mel portrayed all looked alike. He was also the effects of Jacks barely functional Maxwell automobile—a role he played again in the Warner Brothers cartoon The Mouse that Jack Built. Another participating voice actor was Bert Gordon and he was always the person who waits on Jack wherever he was, from the railroad station, to the clerk in the store, to the doorman, to the waiter. Frank always delighted in aggravating Jack, as apparently, he was constantly aggravated by Jacks presence, sheldon Leonard - A racetrack tout who frequently offered unsolicited advice to Benny on a variety of non-racing-related subjects
16.
World War II
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World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
17.
Mildred Pierce (film)
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Mildred Pierce is a 1945 American film noir directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Joan Crawford, Jack Carson and Zachary Scott, also featuring Eve Arden, Ann Blyth and Bruce Bennett. Based on a novel by James M. Cain, this was Crawfords first starring film for Warner Bros. after leaving MGM, and won her the Academy Award for Best Actress. In 1996, Mildred Pierce was deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant, while the novel is told by a third-person narrator in strict chronological order, the film uses voice-over narration. The story is framed by Mildreds interrogation by police after they discover the body of her second husband, the film, in noir fashion, opens with Beragon having been shot. He murmurs the name Mildred before he dies, the police tell Mildred that they believe the murderer is her first husband, Bert Pierce. Bert has already been interrogated and has confessed to the crime, Mildred protests that he is too kind and gentle to commit murder, and goes on to relate her life story in flashback. Mildred was married to Bert Pierce, who is presently unemployed, Bert had been a real estate partner of Wally Fay. Mildred has been supporting her family by baking and selling pies and cakes, Bert accuses Mildred of caring more about their daughters, and making them her priority instead of her husband. Mildred admits this, and the two decide to separate, Wally propositions Mildred the moment he learns that she and Bert separated. Mildred retained custody of her two daughters, the 16-year-old Veda, a bratty social climber and aspiring pianist, and 10-year-old Kay, Mildreds principal goal is to provide for Veda, who longs for possessions that her mother cant afford, and social status above that of her family. She is ashamed of her mothers work as a baker, Mildred searches for a job, but is hampered by her lack of employable skills. She has never worked outside her home except for her small baking business, the best she can find is as a waitress – a fact she hides from Veda. One day, Veda gives their maid, Lottie, Mildreds waitress uniform, Mildred confronts Veda and is forced to admit she is a waitress. Veda treats her with derision and makes it clear that she is ashamed of her mother, Bert arrives to take his daughters for his weekend visit. Kay contracts pneumonia on the trip and dies, Mildred channels her grief into work and throws herself into opening a new restaurant. With the help of her new friend and former supervisor, Ida, Wally helps Mildred buy the property, and she expands into a chain of Mildreds throughout Southern California. Mildred continues to smother Veda in affection and worldly goods, Veda, despite her mothers love and lavish gifts, remains spoiled, selfish, disrespectful and expresses her scorn of Mildreds common background and choice of profession. Vedas obsession with money and materialistic possessions only increases, Veda secretly marries a well-to-do young man for his money and position, but expresses unhappiness about her marriage
18.
Duel in the Sun (film)
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The movie stars Jennifer Jones, Joseph Cotten, Gregory Peck, Lillian Gish, and Lionel Barrymore. Pearl Chavez is orphaned after her father Scott Chavez kills her mother, before Scott Chavez is executed as a punishment for killing his wife, he arranges for his daughter Pearl to live with his second cousin and old sweetheart, Laura Belle. Arriving by stagecoach, Pearl is met by Jesse McCanles, one of Laura Belles two grown sons and he takes her to Spanish Bit, their enormous cattle ranch. The second son, Lewt, is a man with a personality quite unlike that of his gentlemanly brother Jesse. He expresses his interest in Pearl in direct terms and she takes a dislike to him. Laura Belle calls in Mr. Jubal Crabbe, the Sinkiller, Pearl is determined to remain a good girl. When she submits to Lewts aggressive advances one night, Pearl is angry with him, but she also cannot help but be flattered by his lust and attentions. Jesse, meanwhile, is ostracized by his father and no longer welcome at the ranch after siding with railroad men, headed by Mr. Langford, against the Senators personal interests. Jesse is in love with Pearl but he leaves for Austin to pursue a career and becomes engaged to Helen Langford. Offended when Lewt reneges on a promise to marry her, Pearl takes up with Sam Pierce and she does not love him but says yes to his proposal. Before they can be married, however, Lewt picks a fight with Pierce in a saloon and he insists that Pearl can belong only to him. On the run from the law, Lewt finds time to derail a train and occasionally drop by the ranch late at night and she cannot resist her desire for him and lies for Lewt to the law, hiding him in her room. Afterward, however, he walks out on her, despite her pleas that she loves him, Laura Belles health takes a turn for the worse and the Senator admits his love for her before she dies. Jesse returns to visit but is too late, his mother is dead, the Senator continues to shun him, as does Lewt, their family feud finally resulting in a showdown. Lewt tosses a gun to his brother but Jesse stands his ground without attempting to pick it up. Jesse warns that Lewt will eventually be hanged as a murderer, the Senators old friend, Lem Smoot tells him that Jesses wound is not mortal and the old man softens up towards his son. A livid Pearl is relieved that Jesse is going to survive, when Helen arrives, she invites Pearl to leave Spanish Bit forever and come live with them in Austin. Pearl agrees, but she is tipped off by one of the Spanish Bit hands and she arms herself and engages in a shootout with Lewt in the desert, where they die in each others arms
19.
American Forces Network
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The American Forces Network is the brand name used by the United States Armed Forces Radio and Television Service for its entertainment and command internal information networks worldwide. AFN broadcasts popular American radio and television programs from the major U. S. networks and it is sometimes referred to as the Armed Forces Network. AFRTS, American Forces Network and AFN are registered trademarks of the U. S. Department of Defense and it is based at Fort George G. Meade in Maryland. The American Forces Network is the arm of the American Forces Radio and Television Service. AFN falls under the control of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs. Editorial control is by the Department of Defense, whereas the British Forces Broadcasting Service, for example, is independent of the Ministry of Defence, AFN employs military broadcasters as well as Department of Defense civilians and contractors. Service personnel hold broadcasting occupational specialties for their military branch, since 1997, all of AFNs military personnel receive primary training at the Defense Information School at Fort George G. Meade in Maryland. Before 1997, DINFOS was located at Fort Benjamin Harrison in Indianapolis, in 1997, Fort Benjamin Harrison was largely closed as a function of the 1991 Base Closure and Realignment Commission. Additional/Advanced training is available at Fort George G. Meade. In the 1960s, DINFOS was located at Fort Slocum, NY on an island just off the harbor at New Rochelle. At its peak in 1965, the Army Chaplain school was located here. In 1963 this campus operated in a university setting with a military environment. The Army ran the Information School although training was offered to members of all military branches, Radio types took a rather severe audition written by CBS for their network announcers. Those who survived the audition became Broadcast Specialists with a 703 MOS, some of AFNs broadcasters have previous commercial broadcasting experience before enlisting in the military, but it is not a prerequisite for enlistment in the military as a broadcaster. During their training, the broadcasters are taught to use state-of-the-art audio, AFN management is located at DMA headquarters at Fort Meade. Day-to-day AFN broadcast operations are conducted at the AFN Broadcast Center/Defense Media Center in Riverside, California, from all global radio. The American Forces Network can trace its origins to May 26,1942, a television service was first introduced in 1954 with a pilot station at Limestone Air Force Base, Maine. In 1954, the mission of AFRS was officially recognized
20.
Beulah (radio and TV series)
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The Beulah Show is an American situation-comedy series that ran on CBS Radio from 1945 to 1954, and on ABC Television from 1950 to 1952. The show is notable for being the first sitcom to star an African American actress, the show was controversial for its caricatures of African Americans. In 1943, Beulah moved over to Thats Life and then became a character on the popular Fibber McGee. In 1945, Beulah was spun off into her own show, The Marlin Hurt and Beulah Show. Beulah was employed as a housekeeper and cook for the Henderson family, father Harry, mother Alice, after Hurt died of a heart attack in 1946, he was replaced by another white actor, Bob Corley, and the series was retitled The Beulah Show. McDaniel continued in the role until she became ill in 1952 and was replaced by Lillian Randolph, for most of the radio shows run, the series ran as a 15-minute daily sitcom, a format popular among daytime serials. Most of the comedy in the derived from the fact that Beulah. Other characters included Beulahs boyfriend Bill Jackson, a handyman who is constantly proposing marriage, and Oriole, for at least the first season, Beulah was filmed at Biograph Studios in the Bronx while Ethel Waters was simultaneously appearing on Broadway in The Member of the Wedding. Ethel Waters starred as Beulah for the first year of the TV series before quitting in 1951, when production moved to Hollywood, Hattie McDaniel, star of radios Beulah, was cast in the title role in Summer 1951, but only filmed six shows before falling ill. She was quickly replaced by Louise Beavers in later 1951, the McDaniel episodes were shelved pending an improvement of her health, and so the second season began in April 1952 starting with the Beavers episodes. The six McDaniel episodes were tagged onto the end of the season, starting July 1952. It was around this time that McDaniel learned that she had advanced breast cancer, Beavers returned in the role of Beulah for the first part of the third Beulah season, which aired from September to December 1952. Butterfly McQueen, starred as Oriole for the first season, percy Bud Harris originally portrayed Bill, but he walked out on the part during the first season, accusing the producers of forcing him to portray an Uncle Tom character. He was succeeded in the role by Casablanca pianist Dooley Wilson until Ernest Whitman followed radio co-stars McDaniel, the show was directed at various times by future sitcom veterans as Richard Bare and Abby Berlin. A total of 87 episodes were filmed and produced of the television program, all 87 episodes were included in syndication packages throughout the latter half of the 1950s for local stations across the country. Only seven episodes are known to exist on 16mm format and circulate among collectors, all 87 episodes are housed in an archive in their original 35mm format. 21 episodes of the series have survived to the present day. As a daily sitcom, preserving the radio version of Beulah was not as high of a priority as it was for prime time programming, the following episodes and air dates can be found at YouTube and Archive. org. S. A
21.
Ruby Dandridge
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Ruby Dandridge was an American actress from the early 1900s to the 1950s. She is best known for her work in her early days of acting. Dandridge is best known for her role on the radio show Amos n Andy, in which she played Sadie Blake and Harriet Crawford and she is recognized for her role in the 1959 movie A Hole in the Head as Sally. She was born as Ruby Jean Butler in Wichita, Kansas to Nellie Simon and her father was a famous minstrel man. On September 30,1919, she married Cyril Dandridge and she moved with her husband to Cleveland, Ohio, where her daughter, actress Vivian Dandridge was born. A second daughter, Academy Award-nominated actress Dorothy Dandridge, was there in 1922, five months after Ruby. It is noted that after her divorce, Ruby Dandridge became involved with her companion, Geneva Williams, in 1937, Dandridge played one of the witches in what an article in The Pittsburgh Courier called a sepia representation of Macbeth in Los Angeles. The production began July 8 at the Mayan Theater, five years later, she appeared in a production of Hit the Deck at the Curran Theatre in San Francisco, California. One of Dandridges earliest appearances was as a dancer in King Kong. In other films, she played Dabby in Tap Roots, the housekeeper in Three Little Girls in Blue, Mrs. Kelso in Cabin in the Sky and Violet in Tish. In 1955, Dandridge and her business partner, Dorothy Foster, bought land in Twentynine Palms, California, also in the 1950s, Dandridge formed a nightclub act that played in clubs around Los Angeles. A review of her act cited her flashes of effervescent showmanship and said, What Ruby lacks in her voice, Ruby attended her daughter Dorothy Dandridges funeral in 1965. On October 17,1987, she died of an attack at a nursing home in Los Angeles. She was interred next to Dorothy at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, in the 1999 film Introducing Dorothy Dandridge, Ruby is portrayed by Loretta Devine
22.
The Dating Game
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The Dating Game is an ABC television show. It first aired on December 20,1965 and was the first of many shows created and packaged by Chuck Barris from the 1960s through the 1980s, ABC dropped the show on July 6,1973, but it continued in syndication for another year as The New Dating Game. The program was revived three times in syndication afterwards. The first revival premiered in 1978 and ran until 1980, the second ran from 1986 until 1989, Jim Lange hosted The Dating Game for its entire ABC network run and the 1973 and 1978 syndicated editions. The 1986 revival was hosted by Elaine Joyce for its first season, when the show was revived with a different format in 1996, Brad Sherwood was named as its host. Chuck Woolery took over in 1997 when the format was reinstated and hosted for the last two seasons. Beginning in 1966, The Dating Game was often paired with The Newlywed Game and this was especially true when the two shows entered syndication, in fact, in 1996 the revivals of both The Dating Game and The Newlywed Game were sold as a package called The Dating-Newlywed Hour. Typically, a bachelorette would question three bachelors, who were hidden from her view, at the end of the questioning period, she would choose one to go out with on a date paid for by the show. Before becoming famous, Farrah Fawcett, Suzanne Somers, Yvonne Craig, Lindsay Wagner, Leif Garrett, Tom Selleck and Lee Majors appeared as contestants on the show in the 1960s and early 1970s. Serial killer Rodney Alcalas episodes were shown during his murder spree, one standard trademark was that at the end of each episode, the host and winning contestants would blow a kiss to the viewers. Generally the bachelorette would ask questions written in advance on cards to each of the three hidden bachelors, the same question could be asked to multiple bachelors. This continued until time ran out, the bachelorette would make her choice based solely on the answers to her questions. Occasionally, the contestant was a bachelor who would ask questions to three bachelorettes, certain kinds of questions were off-limits, such as name, age, occupation, and income. When the original returned to the syndicated revival in 1997. For the first season of the 1996 revival, The Dating Game used a different format, a notable change was that the prospective bachelor/bachelorette knew what the first names of his or her potential dates were at all times. Instead of asking questions of their date, the bachelor/bachelorette was presented with two pun-laden statements, each pertaining to one of the potential dates. When chosen, a new statement replaced the old statement and the potential date explained the reason why that fact pertained to them, play continued until time expired, after which the bachelor/bachelorette gave their choice. In several weeks of episodes aired at various times throughout the season
23.
ABC Weekend Special
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The ABC Weekend Special is a weekly 30-minute anthology TV series for children that aired Saturday mornings on ABC from 1977 to 1997. It featured a variety of stories that were both live-action and animated. Beginning in 1979, the series was hosted by Michael Young, in 1984, the puppet character Capn O. G. Readmore took over as host of the series, along with Jon Bowzer Bauman. The character also starred in five animated episodes of the show, during the series tenure on Saturday Mornings, ABC Weekend Specials had three main opening title sequence packages, all of which included storybook/literary elements and characters in varying forms. Listed by original airdate, however many of the episodes were put into heavy rotation,14 episodes,11 episodes,12 episodes,8 episodes,6 episodes,9 episodes,9 episodes,8 episodes,9 episodes,9 episodes, Capn O. G. Readmore Meets Little Red Riding Hood —1988. Apr.02 Here Come the Littles —1988. Apr.23 Here Come the Littles —1988. Apr.30 Here Come the Littles —1988. May.07 Capn O. G. The Big Lie —1992. Jan.25 Capn O. G, Readmore Meets Chicken Little —1992. Apr.18 The Kingdom Chums, Original Top Ten —1992. May.02 McGee and Me. Two ABCs Wide World of Sports for Kids specials were produced in 1994. The Great Alaska Dog Sled Race —1993. Mar.06 Rhythm and Jam, Rhythm & Rap —1993. Sep.18 Rhythm and Jam, Melody & Harmony —1993. Sep.25 Kids on Ice, A Skating Adventure
24.
ABC Afterschool Special
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The ABC Afterschool Special is an American television anthology series that aired on ABC from October 14,1972 to July 1,1997, usually in the late afternoon on week days. Most episodes were dramatically presented situations, often controversial, of interest to children, several episodes were either in animated form or presented as documentaries. Topics included illiteracy, substance abuse and teenage pregnancy, the series won 51 Daytime Emmy Awards during its 25-year run. The DVDs are currently out of print, in 1993, TV Guide named the series the best kids show of the 1980s. ABC Weekend Special The ABC Saturday Superstar Movie After school special CBS Schoolbreak Special Special Treat ABC Afterschool Special at the Internet Movie Database ABC Afterschool Special at TV. com
25.
The Mosquito Coast
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The Mosquito Coast is a 1986 American drama film directed by Peter Weir and starring Harrison Ford, Helen Mirren, Andre Gregory, and River Phoenix. It is based on the novel of the name by Paul Theroux. The film tells the story of a family leaves the United States and tries to find a happier and simpler life in the jungles of Central America. However, their jungle paradise quickly turns into a dystopia as their stubborn fathers behavior becomes increasingly erratic and it was shot in the cities of Cartersville and Rome in Georgia, in addition to Baltimore, Maryland, and Belize. In narration, Charlie Fox explains that his father, Allie Fox, is a brilliant inventor with nine patents, Allie has grown fed up with the American Dream and consumerism, believing that Americans buy junk, sell junk, and eat junk. Furthermore, he fantasizes that there is a war on the horizon as a result of American greed. Allie and Charlie go to a store to buy components for a new invention. Upon seeing that the product was made in Japan, Allie refuses to purchase it, after Allie and Charlie acquire the components at a local dump, he finishes assembling his creation. Allies boss, Mr. Polski, a farm owner, complains that Allie is not tending to the asparagus. Allie, Charlie, and Allies youngest son, Jerry, meet Mr. Polski, as he drives past the fields, a dejected Allie comments on immigrants picking asparagus, and says that where they come from, they might think of ice as a luxury. The home of the migrant workers is in a state of disarray and that night, Jerry tells Mother that he believes something terrible is about to happen. Mother rebuffs her son, explaining that she believes something good will happen, the next morning, Allie throws a party for the immigrant workers before telling his family that theyre leaving the United States. On board a Panamanian barge, the family meets Reverend Spellgood, a missionary, his wife, Allie and the Reverend try to get along, despite having entirely different religious views. When the barge docks in Belize City, the families disembark, Allie, with the consent of the Belize government, purchases a small village called Geronimo in the rainforest along the river. Mr. Haddy takes Allie and his family upriver to Jeronimo, Allie meets the inhabitants and proceeds to start building a new, advanced civilization, in the process inventing many new things. The locals take kindly to Allie and his family, but Allies will to build a utopian civilization keeps them working to their limits, Reverend Spellgood arrives to convert Jeronimos citizens. In the process, Allie and Spellgood angrily denounce each other, leading to a permanent schism, Allie believes Spellgood to be a religious zealot, Allie sets to constructing a huge version of Fat Boy that can supply the town with ice. Upon completing the machine, Allie hears rumors of a tribe in the mountains that have never seen ice
26.
The Wiz
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The Wiz, The Super Soul Musical Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a musical with music and lyrics by Charlie Smalls and book by William F. Brown. It is a retelling of L. Frank Baums classic 1900 childrens novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz in the context of modern African-American culture. It opened on October 21,1974 at the Morris A, mechanic Theatre in Baltimore, Maryland and moved to the Majestic Theatre with a new cast on January 5,1975. The 1975 Broadway production won seven Tony Awards, including Best Musical, the musical was an early example of Broadways mainstream acceptance of works with an all-black cast. The musical has had revivals in New York, London, San Diego and the Netherlands, a big-budget film adaptation of the same name was released in 1978 and has since become a cult classic. A live television production of the show, The Wiz Live. was broadcast on NBC on December 3,2015. The idea for the musical originated with producer Ken Harper and he replaced the original director, Gilbert Moses, with Geoffrey Holder in Detroit during out-of-town tryouts. Only Harney would remain in the Broadway cast, but in a smaller role. Harris stayed on as understudy for the role of Dorothy, as did McQueen for the role of Addaperle, William F.1 million—was recouped. By the eighth week, we were selling out. The Broadway production moved to The Broadway Theatre on May 25,1977, along with other musicals including Purlie and Raisin, The Wiz was a breakthrough for Broadway, a large-scale big-budget musical featuring an all-black cast. It laid the foundation for later African-American hits such as Bubbling Brown Sugar, Dreamgirls, renee C. Harris took over as the tours Dorothy and continued leading that company for a couple of years playing many engagements in cities across the country. At this time, the production also featured Ben Harney as the Tin Man, Prymus was known to audiences for his featured role in the movie MASH for singing Suicide is Painless. Both men were featured in other Broadway shows and were as replacements in the Broadway production of Aint Misbehavin. Harney also went on to originate the role of Curtis in the Broadway debut of Dreamgirls. When Harris eventually departed the company, the tour continued with Deborah Malone in the role of Dorothy, there was also a second national touring company which was a scaled down production. A revival ran on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre from May 24,1984, through June 3,1984, directed by Geoffrey Holder, the cast featured Stephanie Mills as Dorothy. It then ran in London at the Lyric Hammersmith from December 11,1984, a planned 2004 Broadway revival was not produced. Kenny Leon is planning a Broadway revival for the 2016-2017 season following the production on NBC
27.
Baltimore
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Baltimore is the largest city in the U. S. state of Maryland, and the 29th-most populous city in the country. It was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is not part of any county, thus, it is the largest independent city in the United States, with a population of 621,849 as of 2015. As of 2010, the population of the Baltimore Metropolitan Area was 2.7 million, founded in 1729, Baltimore is the second largest seaport in the Mid-Atlantic. Baltimores Inner Harbor was once the leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States. With hundreds of identified districts, Baltimore has been dubbed a city of neighborhoods, in the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner, later the American national anthem, in Baltimore. More than 65,000 properties, or roughly one in three buildings in the city, are listed on the National Register, more than any city in the nation. The city has 289 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the historical records of the government of Baltimore are located at the Baltimore City Archives. The city is named after Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, of the Irish House of Lords, Baltimore Manor was the name of the estate in County Longford on which the Calvert family lived in Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of the Irish name Baile an Tí Mhóir, in 1608, Captain John Smith traveled 210 miles from Jamestown to the uppermost Chesapeake Bay, leading the first European expedition to the Patapsco River. The name Patapsco is derived from pota-psk-ut, which translates to backwater or tide covered with froth in Algonquian dialect, a quarter century after John Smiths voyage, English colonists began to settle in Maryland. The area constituting the modern City of Baltimore and its area was first settled by David Jones in 1661. He claimed the area today as Harbor East on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream. In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was populated, if at all. The Baltimore area had been inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, one Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period. During the Late Woodland period, the culture that is called the Potomac Creek complex resided in the area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia. It was located on the Bush River on land that in 1773 became part of Harford County, in 1674, the General Assembly passed An Act for erecting a Court-house and Prison in each County within this Province. The site of the house and jail for Baltimore County was evidently Old Baltimore near the Bush River. In 1683, the General Assembly passed An Act for Advancement of Trade to establish towns, ports, one of the towns established by the act in Baltimore County was on Bush River, on Town Land, near the Court-House
28.
L. Frank Baum
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Lyman Frank Baum, better known by his pen name L. Frank Baum, was an American author chiefly known for his childrens books, particularly The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. He wrote thirteen novel sequels, nine other novels, and a host of other works. Baum was born in Chittenango, New York in 1856 into a devout Methodist family and he had German, Scots-Irish, and English ancestry, and was the seventh of nine children of Cynthia Ann and Benjamin Ward Baum, only five of whom survived into adulthood. Lyman was the name of his fathers brother, but he disliked it. Benjamin Baum succeeded in many businesses, including barrel-making, oil drilling in Pennsylvania, L. Frank Baum grew up on his parents expansive estate called Rose Lawn, which he fondly recalled as a sort of paradise. Rose Lawn was located in Mattydale, New York, Frank was a sickly, dreamy child, tutored at home with his siblings. Baum started writing early in life, possibly prompted by his father buying him a printing press. He had always close to his younger brother Henry Clay Baum. The brothers published several issues of the journal, which included advertisements, at 20, Baum took on the national craze of breeding fancy poultry. He specialized in raising the Hamburg, Baum had a flair for being the spotlight of fun in the household, including during times of financial difficulties. His selling of fireworks made the Fourth of July memorable and his skyrockets, Roman candles, and fireworks filled the sky, while many people around the neighborhood would gather in front of the house to watch the displays. Baum dressed as Santa Claus for the family and his father would place the Christmas tree behind a curtain in the front parlor so that Baum could talk to everyone while he decorated the tree without people managing to see him. He maintained this tradition all his life, Baum embarked on his lifetime infatuation—and wavering financial success—with the theater. A local theatrical company duped him into replenishing their stock of costumes on the promise of leading roles coming his way, disillusioned, Baum left the theater — temporarily — and went to work as a clerk in his brother-in-laws dry goods company in Syracuse. This experience may have influenced his story The Suicide of Kiaros, a fellow clerk one day was found locked in a store room dead, probably from suicide. Baum could never stay away long from the stage and he performed in plays under the stage names of Louis F. Baum and George Brooks. In 1880, his father built him a theater in Richburg, New York, the Maid of Arran proved a modest success, a melodrama with songs based on William Blacks novel A Princess of Thule. Baum wrote the play and composed songs for it, and acted in the leading role and his aunt Katharine Gray played his characters aunt
29.
The Wonderful Wizard of Oz
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The story chronicles the adventures of a young farm girl named Dorothy in the magical Land of Oz, after she and her pet dog Toto are swept away from their Kansas home by a cyclone. The novel is one of the stories in American literature and has been widely translated. The Library of Congress has declared it Americas greatest and best-loved homegrown fairytale and its groundbreaking success and the success of the Broadway musical adapted from the novel led Baum to write thirteen additional Oz books that serve as official sequels to the first story. Baum dedicated the book to my good friend & comrade, My Wife, in January 1901, George M. Hill Company completed printing the first edition, a total of 10,000 copies, which quickly sold out. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz sold three million copies by the time it entered the domain in 1956. The book was published by George M. Hill Company and its first edition had a printing of 10,000 copies and was sold in advance of the publication date of September 1,1900. On May 17,1900, the first copy of the book came off the press, Baum assembled it by hand, the public saw the book for the first time at a book fair at the Palmer House in Chicago, July 5–20. The books copyright was registered on August 1, full distribution followed in September, by October 1900, the first edition had already sold out and the second edition of 15,000 copies was nearly depleted. In a letter to his brother Harry, Baum wrote that the books publisher George M. Hill predicted a sale of about 250,000 copies, in spite of this favorable conjecture, Hill did not initially predict that the book would be phenomenally successful. He agreed to publish the book only when the manager of the Chicago Grand Opera House Fred R. Hamlin committed to making The Wonderful Wizard of Oz into a stage play to publicize the novel. The play The Wizard of Oz debuted on June 16,1902 and it was revised to suit adult preferences and was crafted as a musical extravaganza, with the costumes modeled after Denslows drawings. Hills publishing company became bankrupt in 1901, so Baum and Denslow agreed to have the Indianapolis-based Bobbs-Merrill Company resume publishing the novel, Baums son Harry Neal told the Chicago Tribune in 1944 that L. Frank told his children whimsical stories before they became material for his books. Harry called his father the swellest man I knew, a man who was able to give a decent reason as to why black birds cooked in a pie could afterwards get out, by 1938, more than one million copies of the book had been printed. Less than two decades later in 1956, the sales of his novel had grown to three million copies in print, Dorothy is a young girl who lives with her Aunt Em and Uncle Henry and her little dog Toto on a Kansas farm. One day, Dorothy and Toto are caught up in a cyclone that deposits her farmhouse into Munchkin Country in the magical Land of Oz, the falling house has killed the Wicked Witch of the East, the evil ruler of the Munchkins. The Good Witch of the North arrives with the grateful Munchkins, the Good Witch tells Dorothy that the only way she can return home is to go to the Emerald City and ask the great and powerful Wizard of Oz to help her. As Dorothy embarks on her journey, the Good Witch of the North kisses her on the forehead, on her way down the yellow brick road, Dorothy attends a banquet held by a Munchkin man named Boq. The next day, Dorothy frees the Scarecrow from the pole on which he is hanging, applies oil from a can to the connections of the Tin Woodman
30.
Geoffrey Holder
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Geoffrey Lamont Holder was a Trinidadian-American actor, voice actor, choreographer, singer and director. He was known for his height, hearty laugh, and heavily accented bass voice combined with precise diction, from his film career, he is particularly remembered as the villain Baron Samedi in the 1973 Bond-movie Live and Let Die. Holder was born in Port of Spain, Trinidad, and Tobago, One of four children, of parents who had emigrated to Trinidad from Barbados, Holder attended Tranquillity School and then secondary school at Queens Royal College in Port-of-Spain. At the age of seven, he made his debut in the company of his elder brother Boscoe Holder. In 1952, choreographer Agnes de Mille saw Geoffrey Holder dance in St. Thomas and she invited him to New York, he would teach at the Katherine Dunham School of Dance for two years. Holder was a dancer with the Metropolitan Opera Ballet in New York City from 1955 to 1956. He made his Broadway debut in House of Flowers, a musical by Harold Arlen and he also starred in an all-black production of Waiting for Godot in 1957. Holder began his career in the 1962 British film All Night Long. He followed that with Doctor Dolittle as Willie Shakespeare, leader of the natives of Sea-Star Island, in 1972, he was cast as the Sorcerer in Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex*. The following year he was a henchman – Baron Samedi – in the Bond-movie Live and he contributed to the films choreography. In 1975, Holder won two Tony Awards for direction and costume design of The Wiz, the musical version of The Wizard of Oz. Holder was the first black man to be nominated in either category and he won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Costume Design. The show ran for 1672 performances, in 1978, Holder directed and choreographed the Broadway musical Timbuktu. Holders 1957 piece Bele is part of the Dance Theater of Harlem repertory, in the 1982 film Annie, Holder played the role of Punjab. He was in the 1992 film Boomerang with Eddie Murphy and he was also the voice of Ray in Bear in the Big Blue House and provided narration for Tim Burtons version of Roald Dahls Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. He reprised his role as the 7 Up Spokesman in the 2011 season finale of The Celebrity Apprentice, Holder was a prolific painter, ardent art collector, book author, and music composer. As a painter, he won a Guggenheim Fellowship in fine arts in 1956, a book of his photography, Adam, was published by Viking Press in 1986. In 1955, Holder married dancer Carmen de Lavallade, whom he met when both were in the cast of the musical House of Flowers and they lived in New York City and had one son, Léo
31.
Freedom From Religion Foundation
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The Freedom From Religion Foundation is an American non-profit organization based in Madison, Wisconsin with members from all 50 states. The largest national organization advocating for non-theists, FFRF promotes the separation of church and state and educates the public on matters relating to atheism, agnosticism, the FFRF publishes a newspaper, Freethought Today 10 times a year. Since 2006, as the Freethought Radio Network, FFRF has produced the Freethought Radio show, the FFRF was co-founded by Anne Nicol Gaylor and her daughter, Annie Laurie Gaylor, in 1976 and was incorporated nationally in 1978. The organization is supported by over 23,500 members and operates from an 1855-era building in Madison, Wisconsin, that once served as a church rectory. According to the 2011 IRS tax Form-990, FFRF spent just over $200,000 on legal fees and services and just under $1 million on education, outreach, publishing, broadcasting, and events. The allotment for legal fees is used in cases supporting the separation of church. FFRF also has a staff of twenty two, including five full-time staff attorneys and two legal fellows. She edited the FFRF newspaper Freethought Today until July 2008, in March 2011, FFRF, along with the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science, began The Clergy Project, a confidential on-line community that supports clergy as they leave their faith. In 2012, it gave its first Freedom From Religion Foundation and Clergy Project Hardship Grant to Jerry DeWitt, in June 2013 FFRF announced that, along with the Secular Student Alliance, it would work on educating students on their religious rights and would assist with rectifying violations. In 2015, FFRF announced a new arm, NonBelief Relief. Nonbelief Relief is an agency for atheists, agnostics, freethinkers and their supporters to improve this world. Nonbelief Relief seeks to remediate conditions of human suffering and injustice on a scale, whether the result of natural disasters. In June 2004, the FFRF challenged the constitutionality of the White House Office of Faith-Based, the FFRF further asserted, Congressional appropriations used to support the activities of the defendants. In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 that taxpayers do not have the right to challenge the constitutionality of expenditures made by the executive branch. In May 2007, the FFRF, on behalf of Indiana taxpayers, challenged the creation of a pilot program for the Indiana Family. The FSSA hired Pastor Michael L. Latham, a Baptist minister, in 2006, in September 2007, in response to the FFRFs suit, Indiana ended the program. It was alleged that Young favored faith-based nursing parish programs for state funding, according to the court, the state funding of faith-based healthcare violated the First Amendment. In April 2006, the FFRF sued to challenge the pervasive integration of spirituality into health care by the Department of Veteran Affairs, the case was later dismissed after the Hein decision because of lack of standing
32.
Madison, Wisconsin
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Madison is the capital of the U. S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. As of July 1,2015, Madisons estimated population of 248,951 made it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee, and the 84th largest in the United States. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureaus Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Dane County and neighboring Iowa, Green, the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Areas 2010 population was 568,593. When the Wisconsin Territory was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in Belmont, One of the legislatures tasks was to select a permanent location for the territorys capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering buffalo robes to the freezing legislators and he had James Slaughter plat two cities in the area, Madison and The City of Four Lakes, near present-day Middleton. Doty named the city Madison for James Madison, the fourth President of the U. S. who had died on June 28,1836 and he named the streets for the other 39 signers of the U. S. Constitution. Being named for the founding father James Madison, who had just died. The cornerstone for the Wisconsin capitol was laid in 1837, on October 9,1839, Kintzing Prichett registered the plat of Madison at the registrars office of the then-territorial Dane County. Madison was incorporated as a village in 1846, with a population of 626, when Wisconsin became a state in 1848, Madison remained the capital, and the following year it became the site of the University of Wisconsin. The Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad connected to Madison in 1854, Madison incorporated as a city in 1856, with a population of 6,863, leaving the unincorporated remainder as a separate Town of Madison. The original capitol was replaced in 1863 and the capitol burned in 1904. The current capitol was built between 1906 and 1917, during the Civil War, Madison served as a center of the Union Army in Wisconsin. Camp Randall, on the west side of Madison, was built and used as a camp, a military hospital. After the war ended, the Camp Randall site was absorbed into the University of Wisconsin, in 2004 the last vestige of active military training on the site was removed when the stadium renovation replaced a firing range used for ROTC training. The City of Madison continued annexations from the Town of Madison almost from the date of the citys incorporation, Madison is located in the center of Dane County in south-central Wisconsin,77 miles west of Milwaukee and 122 miles northwest of Chicago. The city completely surrounds the smaller Town of Madison, the City of Monona, Madison shares borders with its largest suburb, Sun Prairie, and three other suburbs, Middleton, McFarland and Fitchburg. The citys boundaries also approach the city of Verona, and the villages of Cottage Grove, DeForest, and Waunakee. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 94.03 square miles
33.
Wisconsin
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Wisconsin is a U. S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michigan to the northeast, Wisconsin is the 23rd largest state by total area and the 20th most populous. The state capital is Madison, and its largest city is Milwaukee, the state is divided into 72 counties. Wisconsin is second to Michigan in the length of its Great Lakes coastline, Wisconsin is known as Americas Dairyland because it is one of the nations leading dairy producers, particularly famous for its cheese. Manufacturing, especially paper products, information technology, and tourism are major contributors to the states economy. The word Wisconsin originates from the given to the Wisconsin River by one of the Algonquian-speaking Native American groups living in the region at the time of European contact. French explorer Jacques Marquette was the first European to reach the Wisconsin River, arriving in 1673, subsequent French writers changed the spelling from Meskousing to Ouisconsin, and over time this became the name for both the Wisconsin River and the surrounding lands. English speakers anglicized the spelling from Ouisconsin to Wisconsin when they began to arrive in numbers during the early 19th century. The legislature of Wisconsin Territory made the current spelling official in 1845, the Algonquin word for Wisconsin and its original meaning have both grown obscure. Interpretations vary, but most implicate the river and the red sandstone that lines its banks, other theories include claims that the name originated from one of a variety of Ojibwa words meaning red stone place, where the waters gather, or great rock. Wisconsin has been home to a variety of cultures over the past 12,000 years. The first people arrived around 10,000 BCE during the Wisconsin Glaciation and these early inhabitants, called Paleo-Indians, hunted now-extinct ice age animals such as the Boaz mastodon, a prehistoric mastodon skeleton unearthed along with spear points in southwest Wisconsin. After the ice age ended around 8000 BCE, people in the subsequent Archaic period lived by hunting, fishing, agricultural societies emerged gradually over the Woodland period between 1000 BCE to 1000 CE. Toward the end of period, Wisconsin was the heartland of the Effigy Mound culture. Later, between 1000 and 1500 CE, the Mississippian and Oneota cultures built substantial settlements including the village at Aztalan in southeast Wisconsin. The Oneota may be the ancestors of the modern Ioway and Ho-Chunk tribes who shared the Wisconsin region with the Menominee at the time of European contact, the first European to visit what became Wisconsin was probably the French explorer Jean Nicolet. He canoed west from Georgian Bay through the Great Lakes in 1634, pierre Radisson and Médard des Groseilliers visited Green Bay again in 1654–1666 and Chequamegon Bay in 1659–1660, where they traded for fur with local Native Americans. In 1673, Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet became the first to record a journey on the Fox-Wisconsin Waterway all the way to the Mississippi River near Prairie du Chien
34.
Jesus
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In Christology, the Person of Christ refers to the study of the human and divine natures of Jesus Christ as they co-exist within one person. There is no discussion in the New Testament regarding the dual nature of the Person of Christ as both divine and human. Hence, since the days of Christianity theologians have debated various approaches to the understanding of these natures. In the period following the Apostolic Age, specific beliefs such as Arianism and Docetism were criticized. On the other end of the spectrum, Docetism argued that Jesus physical body was an illusion, docetic teachings were attacked by St. Ignatius of Antioch and were eventually abandoned by proto-orthodox Christians. However, after the First Council of Nicaea in 325 the Logos, historically in the Alexandrian school of christology, Jesus Christ is the eternal Logos paradoxically humanized in history, a divine Person who became enfleshed, uniting himself to the human nature. The views of these schools can be summarized as follows, Alexandria, Antioch, Logos assumes a specific human being The First Council of Ephesus in 431 debated a number of views regarding the Person of Christ. At the same gathering the council debated the doctrines of monophysitism or miaphysitism. The council rejected Nestorianism and adopted the term hypostatic union, referring to divine, the language used in the 431 declaration was further refined at the 451 Council of Chalcedon. However, the Chalcedon creed was not accepted by all Christians, because Saint Augustine died in 430 he did not participate in the Council of Ephesus in 431 or Chalcedon in 451, but his ideas had some impact on both councils. On the other hand, the major theological figure of the Middle Ages. The Third Council of Constantinople in 680 held that both divine and human wills exist in Jesus, with the divine will having precedence, leading and guiding the human will. John Calvin maintained that there was no element in the Person of Christ which could be separated from the person of The Word. Calvin also emphasized the importance of the Work of Christ in any attempt at understanding the Person of Christ, the study of the Person of Christ continued into the 20th century, with modern theologians such as Karl Rahner and Hans von Balthasar. Balthasar argued that the union of the human and divine natures of Christ was achieved not by the absorption of human attributes, thus in his view the divine nature of Christ was not affected by the human attributes and remained forever divine
35.
Kerosene heater
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A kerosene heater, also known as a paraffin heater, is typically a portable, unvented, kerosene-fueled, space-heating device. In Japan and other countries, they are a source of home heat. In the United States they are a supplemental heat or a source of heat during a power outage. Most kerosene heaters produce between 3.3 and 6.8 kW, a kerosene heater operates much like a large kerosene lamp. A circular wick made from fiberglass or cotton is integrated into a burner unit mounted above a font filled with 1-K kerosene, the wick draws kerosene from the tank via capillary action. Once lit, the heats the Kerosene until it turns into a gas. The burner is designed to properly oxygenate and distribute the flames, the flame height is controlled by raising or lowering the exposed wick height inside the burner unit via an adjusting mechanism. The kerosene heater is extinguished by fully retracting the wick into a cavity below the burner, there has been a technological advance in kerosene heaters, some now use electricity to power a fan to force the heated air out, making it possible to heat up rooms faster. There is also thermostat controlled operation installed in modern kerosene heaters as well, however, most kerosene heaters require no electricity to operate. Most heaters contain a battery-operated or piezo-electric ignitor to light the heater without the need for matches, if the ignitor should fail the heater can still be started manually. The Japanese non-vented fan heater burns Kerosene gas and is known as a gasification type heater, the liquid Kerosene fuel is pre-heated via an electric heating element to vaporize the fuel. The resulting gas is collected and forced into the chamber where it is ignited and burns with a blue flame. The unit is fueled through a side mount cartridge style tank just like other non-vented wick type radiant heaters. The other type of Japanese Kerosene heaters are the type with intake. These units burn roughly like the old 1950s pot burners, but with fuel injection, a kerosene heater is an appliance in which kerosene is gasified by surface evaporation and burned. The amount of kerosene evaporated and heat generated can be increased in proportion to the area of the contact surface between the kerosene and air. The wick used in a kerosene heater consists of bundles of fine fibers and. The kerosene is drawn up from the tank into the area by these capillary tubes
36.
I Dood It
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I Dood It is a musical-comedy film starring Red Skelton and Eleanor Powell, directed by Vincente Minnelli, and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The screenplay is by Fred Saidy and Sig Herzig and the film features Richard Ainley, Patricia Dane, Lena Horne, john Hodiak plays a villain in this production, just his third movie role. Jimmy Dorsey and his Orchestra provide musical interludes, Skelton plays an average Joe who is madly in love with Constance Shaw, a big Broadway musical star. Much to his surprise, Constance agrees to him, thinking hes a rich mining tycoon. Powells most notable performance in the film comes near the beginning when she executes a dance routine involving lariats. The final dance scene with Powell was lifted from an earlier movie Born to Dance, many of the physical gags were lifted from the Buster Keaton film Spite Marriage. Keaton had a role in writing gags for some of Skeltons early MGM films. Skelton and Powell had previously worked together in Ship Ahoy, in that film, they appeared with Tommy Dorsey, Jimmys brother. This was Powells final starring role in an MGM film, the rather ungrammatical title was from one of Red Skeltons radio catchphrases of the day. In 1942 Jack Owens, The Cruising Crooner, wrote a song for Skelton based on it, but that song does not appear in this film. The film opens with the Jimmy Dorsey orchestra performing Count Basies One OClock Jump, Dance direction in the film was by Bobby Connolly, and the Western Rope Dance, assisted by Bob Eberly and Jimmy Dorseys Orchestra, is the second scene in the film. According to MGM records the film earned $1,615,000 in the US and Canada, I Dood It at the Internet Movie Database I Dood It at the TCM Movie Database
37.
Since You Went Away
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Since You Went Away is a 1944 American film directed by John Cromwell for Selznick International Pictures and distributed by United Artists. The music score was by Max Steiner and the cinematography by Stanley Cortez, Lee Garmes, George Barnes and Robert Bruce. The movie is set in a mid-sized American town, where people with loved ones in the armed forces try to cope with their changed circumstances, the town is near a military base, and some of the characters are troops serving Stateside. Though famously sentimental in places, Since You Went Away is somber at times about the effects of war on ordinary people, some characters on the homefront are dealing with grief, loneliness, or fear for the future. Wounded and disabled troops are shown in the hospital scenes, Anne Hilton is an upper-middle-class housewife living in a Midwestern town near a military base with her two teenage daughters, Jane and Bridget Brig. Annes beloved husband Tim Hilton - seen only in photographs - is the father of Jane and Brig, and has volunteered for U. S. Army service in World War II. The Colonel has a relationship with his young grandson, Bill Smollett. An old friend of Anne and Tims, U. S. Navy Lieutenant Tony Willett, Bill quickly falls for Jane, who has a crush on Tony, who in turn has long been attracted to Anne. However, after Tony leaves, Bill and Janes relationship slowly develops and they become engaged, but Bill convinces Jane to wait until after the war to get married. Bill finally is sent overseas and Jane tearfully runs after his train to tell him goodbye. The Colonel, who under his gruff exterior really does care about his grandson, conveys his good wishes to Bill via Anne, shortly after Bills departure, the Hiltons receive word that he was killed in action at Salerno. The Hiltons and the Colonel grieve together for Bill, the family also learns that Tim Hilton is missing in action. Tony returns on leave and talks to Anne about his feelings for her, Anne and Tony decide to leave things as they are and remain friends. On Christmas Eve, Fidelia places gifts under the tree that Tim had given her months earlier to leave for his family, Anne then gets a cablegram by telephone informing her that Tim is safe and is coming home, and she and her daughters joyfully embrace. Robert Walker is uncommonly appealing as the soldier whom she tragically adores. Two hours and fifty-one minutes is a lot of time to harp upon one well-known theme—lonesomeness, and that is all this picture really does. The movie was popular and earned $4,950,000 in North American rentals during its theatrical release, the farewell scene between Jones and Walker at the railway station was parodied in the 1980 film Airplane. They divorced not long after the movie was completed, and Jones later married Selznick, since You Went Away at the American Film Institute Catalog Since You Went Away at the TCM Movie Database Since You Went Away at the Internet Movie Database Since You Went Away at AllMovie
38.
Flame of Barbary Coast
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Flame of Barbary Coast is a 1945 American Western starring John Wayne, Ann Dvorak, Joseph Schildkraut, William Frawley, and Virginia Grey. The movie was scripted by Borden Chase and directed by Joseph Kane, naive Montana cowboy Duke Fergus arrives in San Francisco and visits the notorious Barbary Coast. He becomes smitten with the star attraction of the fanciest gambling hall, Flaxen Tarry. He gets talked into gambling against the owner, card shark Tito Morell, predictably, Fergus gets cheated and loses all his money. He sets himself to win Flaxens affections and decides the best way to do it is to take over and he gets his friend Wolf Wylie to teach him everything about gambling, including how to spot cheating. When hes ready, he sells all he owns and returns to the city to challenge Morells rule of the Barbary Coast and he goes from casino to casino, challenging each ones resident poker champion to a heads-up game, starting with Morell. Fergus then builds an opulent new gambling establishment, catering to the upper class, to make it a success, he needs to persuade Flaxen to come work for him, but she is initially not interested. Only when Morell offends her does she decide to accept Ferguss offer, Morell does not take the challenge lying down. In the midst of it all, the Great Earthquake of 1906 strikes, throw in a political battle, and someone gets the girl
39.
Killer Diller (1948 film)
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Killer Diller is a 1948 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Josh Binney and released by All American. The movie features The Clark Brothers, Nat King Cole, Moms Mabley, Dusty Fletcher, Butterfly McQueen, the Andy Kirk Orchestra, Dusty Fletcher plays a comic, tap dancer and bad magician. While practicing his routine for that evenings variety show, he accidentally vanishes Lola and she was wearing a thousand-dollar string of pearls and it seems most likely that criminality is afoot. The variety show features Ray Abrams & Gator Green playing the two-tenor sax number Gator Serenade written by Green, supported by the rest of the Andy Kirk, Beverly White sings the racy jazz tune I Dont Want to Get Married. The act of Warren Patterson & Al Jackson sing Jule Styne & Sammy Kahns I Believe, Warren leading off, then Al sings the Fats Waller classic Aint Misbehavin as Warren tapdances. He is still dancing like crazy when Al adds Wonderful One to his medley, jackie Moms Mabley comes out and does some comedy. She sings the comic song Dont Sit on My Bed, the Clark Brothers then do a tap dance. The King Cole Trios up next, Nat at piano sings Oo, Kickerooni. An act called Four Congaroos are next and they do the Lindy Hop while Andy Kirks orchestra plays Basies Boogie. Kirks Orchestra does two more songs, featuring guitar, bass guitar, and saxophone solos, the Varietettes Dancing Girls close the show with Andy Kirk and His Orchestra backing them with Apollo Groove. Jackson - If I didnt Care Warren Patterson and, Jackson and danced by Warren Patterson - Aint Misbehavin Beverly White - It Aint Nobodys Business What I Do Beverly White - I Dont Want to Get Married Moms Mabley - Dont Sit on My Bed. Killer Diller at the Internet Movie Database Killer Diller is available for download at the Internet Archive
40.
Westinghouse Studio One
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Studio One is an American radio–television anthology drama series, created in 1947 by Canadian director Fletcher Markle, who came to CBS from the CBC. On April 29,1947, Markle launched the 60-minute CBS radio series with an adaptation of Malcolm Lowrys Under the Volcano, broadcast on Tuesdays, opposite Fibber McGee and Molly and The Bob Hope Show at 9,30 P. M. EST, the series continued until July 27,1948, showcasing such adaptations as Dodsworth, Pride and Prejudice, The Red Badge of Courage and Ah. Top performers were heard on series, including John Garfield, Walter Huston, Mercedes McCambridge, Burgess Meredith. In 1948, Markle made a leap from radio to television and it was telecast in black-and-white only. Offering a wide range of dramas, Studio One received Emmy nominations every year from 1950 to 1958, the series staged some notable and memorable teleplays among its 467 episodes. Some created such an impact they were adapted into theatrical films, william Templetons 1953 adaptation of George Orwells novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, starring Eddie Albert as Winston Smith, led to the 1956 feature film version with Edmond OBrien in the principal role. Sal Mineo had the role in the January 2,1956 episode of Reginald Roses Dino. In 1954, Crime at Blossoms, scripted by Jerome Ross, was given an Edgar Award for Best Episode in a TV Series, nathaniel Hawthornes granddaughter received a plaque in recognition of her grandfathers writing achievements, during the April 3,1950 telecast of The Scarlet Letter. The Night America Trembled was Studio Ones September 9,1957 top-rated television recreation of Orson Welles October 30,1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds. The cast included Alexander Scourby, Ed Asner, and Vincent Gardenia, James Coburn, Warren Beatty, John Astin appeared uncredited as a reporter. With musical accompaniment by the Robert Shaw Chorale, and presented during the Christmas season of 1952, the cast included Thomas Hardie Chalmers, Miriam Wolfe, Hurd Hatfield, and Paul Tripp. Worthington Miner, Martin Manulis and others produced, as spokeswoman for Westinghouse, Betty Furness became strongly identified with Westinghouse products, and she also was seen in eight Studio One dramas. The shows musical directors were Milton C, anderson, who also created music for Playhouse 90, and Eugene Cines. The shows run ended when Westinghouse switched its sponsorship to the Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse, the series finished at #24 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1950-1951 season. For years, the half of the original TV production of Twelve Angry Men was considered lost. Consentino was researching a History Channel documentary about Leibowitz, and the discovery was announced by the Museum of Television & Radio. Utilizing clips of the show for flashbacks, the Boston Legal episode portrayed Shatners Studio One character as a young Denny Crane trying his first case alongside his father
41.
Lux Video Theatre
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Lux Video Theatre is an American television anthology series that was produced from 1950 until 1957. The series presented both comedy and drama in original teleplays, as well as abridged adaptations of films and plays, the Lux Video Theatre was a spin-off from the successful Lux Radio Theater series broadcast on the NBC Blue Network and CBS. Lux Video Theatre began as a live 30-minute Monday evening CBS series on October 2,1950, in September 1953, the show relocated from New York to Hollywood. In August 1954, it moved to NBC as a show on Thursday nights. With the introduction of the format and the move to Hollywood. To introduce each act and interview the stars at the conclusion, NBC added a series of hosts, James Mason, Otto Kruger, Gordon MacRae. Kruger recalled, All I do is come up and tell the people who I am, I dont have a single thing to do with producing, directing or casting the show. Yet I get letters every week complimenting me on my production, my directing, my casting, New episodes were broadcast during the summer as the Summer Video Theatre. In 1957-58, Lux shifted sponsorship to a musical variety show. For the 1958-59 season, the series was brought back with a new name. The new series alternated weeks with Schlitz Playhouse, the series finished in the Nielsen ratings at #30 in the 1950-1951 season and #25 in 1955-1956
42.
Hallmark Hall of Fame
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Hallmark Hall of Fame is an anthology program on American television, sponsored by Hallmark Cards, a Kansas City-based greeting card company. The longest-running primetime series in the history of television, it has a long run, beginning in 1951. From 1954 onward, all of its productions have been broadcast in color and it holds a place in television history as one of the first video productions to telecast in color, a rarity in the 1950s. The series has received eighty Emmy Awards, twenty-four Christopher Awards, eleven Peabody Awards, nine Golden Globes, once a common practice in American television, it is the last remaining television program where the title includes the name of its sponsor. Unlike other long-running TV series still on the air, it differs in that it only occasionally. The Hallmark Playhouse changed to more serious literature from all genres and it was the first time a major corporation developed a television project specifically as a means of promoting its products to the viewing public. The program was such a success that it was restaged by Hallmark several times during a period of fifteen years, amahl was also staged by other NBC television anthologies. Early productions included some of the works of Shakespeare, Hamlet, Richard II, The Taming of the Shrew, Macbeth, Twelfth Night. Biographical subjects were very eclectic, ranging from Florence Nightingale to Father Flanagan to Joan of Arc, in a few cases, the actors repeated their original Broadway roles. Two different productions of Hamlet have been broadcast on the Hallmark Hall of Fame, one featuring Maurice Evans, neither one was more than two hours long. Evans and actress Judith Anderson performed their famous stage Macbeth on the Hallmark Hall of Fame on two occasions, each time with a different supporting cast. It may have set a record for the most-nominated Shakespeare production to ever be televised and it was left to National Educational Television and Public Broadcasting Service to be the pioneers in presenting nearly complete Shakespeare productions on American television. As a result of Foote, Cone, and Belding Advertising executive, a Tale of Two Cities was the first Hallmark production to run three hours. The late 1980s featured productions such as Foxfire, My Name is Bill W. Sarah, Plain and Tall, to Dance With the White Dog, The Piano Lesson, and What the Deaf Man Heard. One installment, Promise, featuring James Garner and James Woods, won five Emmys, through the 1980s and 1990s, Hallmark Hall of Fame movies often had twice the budget of other network movies. Hallmark movies also ran approximately 10–15 minutes longer because Hallmark Cards fully sponsored the movies and had commercial breaks. Unlike most network movies of the period, Hallmark always filmed on location, for nearly three decades the series was broadcast by NBC, but the network cancelled it in late 1978 due to declining ratings. Since then, the series has been televised by CBS from 1979 to 1989, then on ABC from 1989 to 1995, then CBS again from 1995 until 2011, when that network cancelled the series due to low ratings
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The Phynx
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The Phynx is a 1970 comedy film directed by Lee H. Katzin about a rock and roll band named The Phynx and their mission in foreign affairs. The group is sent to the country of Albania to locate celebrity hostages taken prisoner by Communists and this turned out to be the final film appearance for several of the veteran performers in the cast, including Leo Gorcey, George Tobias and Marilyn Maxwell. Themselves A. Michael Miller Ray Chipperway Dennis Larden Lonny Stevens Lou Antonio, worlds No.1 Fan List of American films of 1970 Top Secret. The Phynx at the Internet Movie Database The Phynx at Rotten Tomatoes
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Amazing Grace (1974 film)
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Amazing Grace is a 1974 comedy film featuring actress/comedian Moms Mabley, playing the title role of Grace Teasdale Grimes. Grace knows the politicians have no interest in the betterment of the neighborhood and are interested in getting their hands on the money that comes into it. She organizes some of the people in the community and together they devise a plan to thwart the crooked politician’s schemes, Mabley appeared in the film a year before her death at the age of 81. The film also featured appearances by veteran actors Butterfly McQueen. The films title is a play on words based on the name of the Christian hymn Amazing Grace and it is available on DVD from MGM, and on Blu-Ray from Olive Films. Amazing Grace at the Internet Movie Database Amazing Grace at Amazon. com
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