Câmpulung, or Câmpulung Muscel, is a city in Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is situated among the outlying hills of the Southern Carpathians, at the head of a long well-wooded glen traversed by the river Târgului, a tributary of the river Argeș.

Old Romanian is the period of Romanian language from the 16th century until 1780. It continues the intermediary stage when the dialect continuum known as ‘Daco-Romanian’ developed from Common Romanian, and Modern Romanian, the period of Romanian language set in post-Enlightenment times.