Caffè americano, also known as americano or American, is an espresso shot with hot water at a 1:3 to 1:4 ratio, resulting in a drink that retains the complex flavors of espresso, but in a lighter way.
Lungo, known in full in Italian as caffè lungo, is a coffee made by using an espresso machine to make an Italian-style coffee—short black with more water, resulting in a larger coffee.
Caffè americano
…before pouring one or two espresso on top. In the western U.S., Italiano sometimes refers to a short americano with equal amounts of espresso and water (lungo). A long black is made in the reverse order, by pouring an espresso shot into hot water. This helps keep the espresso's crema intact…