The Canadian Indian residential school gravesites refer to the allegation that there are hundreds or thousands of child graves hidden on the grounds of Canadian Indian residential schools. On 27 May 2021, the Kamloops Indian Band issued a press release which stated that ground-penetrating radar had given 'confirmation' of the presence of 215 undocumented child graves on the grounds of the former Kamloops Indian Residential School. This announcement led a scandal, with news media outlets, both within Canada and internationally, reporting 'mass graves' at the school. Several similar reports from other former residential schools followed over the ensuing months, leading to commemorations and protests. In the ensuing months, a series of suspicious fires were set at Catholic churches, and Pope Francis made a "penitential" visit to Canada in 2022.

The Canadian Indian residential school system was a network of boarding schools for Indigenous peoples. The network was funded by the Canadian government's Department of Indian Affairs and administered by Christian churches. The school system was created to isolate Indigenous children from the influence of their own culture and religion in order to assimilate them into the dominant Canadian culture. Over the course of the system's more than hundred-year existence, around 150,000 children were placed in residential schools nationally. By the 1930s, about 30 percent of Indigenous children were attending residential schools. The number of school-related deaths remains unknown due to incomplete records. Estimates range from 3,200 to over 30,000, mostly from disease.