Carl Ransom Rogers was an American psychologist and among the founders of the humanistic approach to psychology. Rogers is considered to be one of the founding fathers of psychotherapy research and was honored for his pioneering research with the Award for Distinguished Scientific Contributions by the American Psychological Association in 1956; the person-centered approach, his own unique approach to understanding personality and human relationships, found wide application in various domains such as psychotherapy and counseling, education and other group settings. For his professional work he was bestowed the Award for Distinguished Professional Contributions to Psychology by the APA in 1972. In a study by Steven J. Haggbloom and colleagues using six criteria such as citations and recognition, Rogers was found to be the sixth most eminent psychologist of the 20th century and second, among clinicians, only to Sigmund Freud. Rogers was born on January 1902, in Oak Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.

His father, Walter A. Rogers, was a Congregationalist by denomination, his mother, Julia M. Cushing, was devout Baptist. Carl was the fourth of their six children. Rogers could read well before kindergarten. Following an education in a strict religious and ethical environment as an altar boy at the vicarage of Jimpley, he became a rather isolated and disciplined person, acquired a knowledge and an appreciation for the scientific method in a practical world, his first career choice was agriculture, at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he was a part of the fraternity of Alpha Kappa Lambda, followed by history and religion. At age 20, following his 1922 trip to Peking, for an international Christian conference, he started to doubt his religious convictions. To help him clarify his career choice, he attended a seminar entitled Why am I entering the Ministry?, after which he decided to change his career. In 1924, he enrolled at Union Theological Seminary. Sometime afterwards he became an atheist.

Although referred to as an atheist early in his career, Rogers came to be described as agnostic. However, in his years it is reported he spoke about spirituality. Thorne, who knew Rogers and worked with him on a number of occasions during his final ten years, writes that, “in his years his openness to experience compelled him to acknowledge the existence of a dimension to which he attached such adjectives as mystical and transcendental.” Rogers concluded that there is a realm "beyond" scientific psychology, a realm which he came to prize as "the indescribable, the spiritual."After two years he left the seminary to attend Teachers College, Columbia University, obtaining an M. A. in 1928 and a Ph. D. in 1931. While completing his doctoral work, he engaged in child study. In 1930, Rogers served as director of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children in Rochester, New York. From 1935 to 1940 he lectured at the University of Rochester and wrote The Clinical Treatment of the Problem Child, based on his experience in working with troubled children.

He was influenced in constructing his client-centered approach by the post-Freudian psychotherapeutic practice of Otto Rank as embodied in the work of Rank's disciple, noted clinician and social work educator Jessie Taft. In 1940 Rogers became professor of clinical psychology at Ohio State University, where he wrote his second book and Psychotherapy. In it, Rogers suggested that the client, by establishing a relationship with an understanding, accepting therapist, can resolve difficulties and gain the insight necessary to restructure their life. In 1945, he was invited to set up a counselling center at the University of Chicago. In 1947 he was elected President of the American Psychological Association. While a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago, Rogers helped to establish a counselling center connected with the university and there conducted studies to determine the effectiveness of his methods, his findings and theories appeared in Client-Centered Therapy and Psychotherapy and Personality Change.

One of his graduate students at the University of Chicago, Thomas Gordon, established the Parent Effectiveness Training movement. Another student, Eugene T. Gendlin, getting his Ph. D. in philosophy, developed the practice of Focusing based on Rogerian listening. In 1956, Rogers became the first President of the American Academy of Psychotherapists, he taught psychology at the University of Wisconsin, during which time he wrote one of his best-known books, On Becoming Person. A student of his there, Marshall Rosenberg, would go on to develop Nonviolent Communication. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow pioneered a movement called humanistic psychology which reached its peak in the 1960s. In 1961, he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Sciences. Carl Rogers was one of the people who questioned the rise of McCarthyism in the 1950s. Through articles, he criticized society for its backward-looking affinities. Rogers continued teaching at University of Wisconsin until 1963, when he became a resident at the new Western Behavioral Sciences Institute in La Jolla, California.

Rogers left the WBSI to help found the Center for Studies of the Person in 1968. His books include Carl Rogers on Personal Power and Freedom to Learn for the 80's, he remained a resident of La Jolla for the rest of his life, doing therapy, giving speeches and writing. Rogers's last

Tobamovirus is a genus in the virus family Virgaviridae. Many plants, including tobacco, potato and squash, serve as natural hosts. There are 37 species in this genus including the type species Tobacco mosaic virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: necrotic lesions on leaves; the name Tobamovirus comes from the host and symptoms of the first virus discovered. There are four informal subgroups within this genus: these are the tobamoviruses that infect the brassicas, the cucurbits, malvaceous and solanaceous plants; the main differences between these groups are genome sequences, respective range of host plants. These viruses are thought to have codiverged with their hosts from a common ancestor. There are at least 3 distinct clades of tobamoviruses, which to some extent follow their host ranges: that is, there is one infecting solanaceous species; the RNA genome encodes at least four polypeptides: these are the non-structural protein and the read-through product which are involved in virus replication.

The read-through portion of the RdRp may be expressed as a separate protein in TMV. The virus is able to replicate without the movement or coat proteins, but the other two are essential; the non-structural protein has domains suggesting it is involved in RNA capping and the read-through product has a motif for an RNA polymerase. The movement proteins are made early in the infection cycle and localized to the plasmodesmata, they are involved in host specificity as they are believed to interact with some host cell factors. Tobamoviruses are non-enveloped, with helical rod geometries, helical symmetry; the diameter is with a length of 300-310 nm. Genomes are non-segmented, around 6.3-6.5 kb in length. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by suppression of termination.

The virus exits the host cell by monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical; the infection is localized to begin with but if the virus remains unchallenged it will spread via the vascular system into a systemic infection. The exact mechanism the virus uses to move throughout the plant is unknown but the interaction of pectin methylesterase, a cellular enzyme important for cell wall metabolism and plant development, with the movement protein has been implicated. Beet necrotic yellow vein virus Chara corallina virus Nicotiana velutina mosaic virus Peanut clump virus Potato mop-top virus Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus Streptocarpus flower break virus cucumber green mottle mosaic virus cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus ICTV Online Repot Virgaviridae Viralzone: Tobamovirus

Down the Rabbit Hole: Curious Adventures and Cautionary Tales of a Former Playboy Bunny is a New York Times bestselling memoir by ex-Playboy Bunny Holly Madison. Madison's debut tell-all features her early life and her infamous adventures as the former main girlfriend of Hugh Hefner and star of the television show The Girls Next Door. Published on June 23, 2015, by Dey Street Books, this 352-page book was featured in many online and print news sources like TMZ, People magazine, Us Weekly, Huffington Post, explained Madison’s perspective of life at the Playboy Mansion. In her memoir, Madison revealed that she hadn’t planned on penning the tell-all until she realized young fans had a wrong idea about life within the mansion; the book not only caused tension between Madison and ex-boyfriend Hugh Hefner but former girlfriend Kendra Wilkinson as well. Wilkinson was so bothered by the memoir that it became spurred into an ongoing feud between herself and Madison. In 2015 Madison told E! Online the possibility of a TV movie in the future.

Madison's follow-up to Down the Rabbit Hole, titled The Vegas Diaries: Romance, Rolling the Dice, the Road to Reinvention, was published on May 17, 2016, by Dey Street Books. Down the Rabbit Hole on HarperCollin's website Holly Madison's website

The following is a list of episodes from the fifteenth season of the PBS series, Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, which aired in late 1984 and early 1985. Rogers enters with his ventriloquist dummy Hischer Booptrunk and tells a story of how his sister tried to feed Hischer, thinking he was hungry. Mr. Rogers shows a video clip of human babies and baby animals drinking milk from their mothers. Rogers visits a place where applesauce is made. X wants to grow vegetables of his own, but he must be patient because what he believes to be "speedy seeds" take a day to grow. Aired on November 19, 1984. Rogers does some mixing of granola for several neighbors and shows how tofu is manufactured. In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, X is puzzled that the food grown from his speedy seeds has been taken. Aired on November 20, 1984. In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, the "garden guards" catch the hungry culprit, the Old Goat from Northwood. Only do they realize Northwood has no food. King Friday arranges for an all-out effort to grow food for their Northwood neighbors.

Aired on November 21, 1984. Rogers goes to the soup division of Heinz Foods to see; the Neighborhood of Make-Believe keeps its promise to grow food for Northwood but Daniel thinks he can grow a vegetable soup tree. Aired on November 22, 1984. Rogers visits the home of music director and close friend John Costa, preparing a pasta dinner; as the all-out effort for Northwood comes to a close, Bob tells Daniel the truth about the "vegetable soup tree". Aired on November 23, 1984. After a game of peekaboo, Rogers presents a portrait of his father, painted by Dianne Dengle, she has asked Rogers to pose for his own portrait, which she paints with bits of rolled-up newspaper. The Neighborhood of Make-Believe welcomes James Michael Jones, a specialist in "Exactly Like Me" portraits. Jones announces. Aired on February 4, 1985. Rogers brings flowers to remind those of a lesson. Mr. McFeely brings a video on. Prince Tuesday disobeys an order from King Friday and is punished for trying to ride the royal tricycle.

Meanwhile, Daniel expresses doubts in being the ring bearer at the wedding of James Michael Jones and Betty Okonak Templeton. Dianne Dengle is ready to present her portrait of Rogers, it shows. Aired on February 5, 1985. Rogers gets a visit from a young breakdancer named Jermaine, before he is reunited with Chrissie Thompson, one of Mr. McFeely's granddaughters. Rogers presents her with a butterfly necklace as a symbol of freedom. In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, Ana Platypus is mad that she does not have an active role in the upcoming wedding. Lady Aberlin tells Ana her attending. Aired on February 6, 1985. Rogers goes to Brockett's Bakery to see José Cisneros' new specialty, rice with milk. Lady Aberlin and Betty Okonak Templeton give ring-bearer Daniel a tip on how to keep the wedding ring on the pillow. Aired on February 7, 1985. Rogers visits Eva Kwong at her house. Several from the Neighborhood of Make-Believe go to Southwood to attend the wedding of Betty Okonak Templeton and James Michael Jones.

Aired on February 8, 1985. Rogers walks off stage to meet the show's house band. King Friday agrees to hold a Bass Violin Festival but not everyone can play the bass violin. Lady Elaine begins to see around that problem. Aired on May 13, 1985. Yo-Yo Ma, one of Rogers' closest friends, plays his cello at Negri's Music Shop. In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, Lady Aberlin ponders her dilemma of how to honor King Friday's adamant request that she can play the bass though it is not one of her talents. Aired on May 14, 1985. Ella Jenkins and Chuck Aber stop by for folk songs. Lady Aberlin doesn't know. Daniel suggests Lady Aberlin tell the truth to King Friday. Aired on May 15, 1985. Rogers visits a brass quintet and Lady Aberlin and Handyman Negri meet the Royal trumpeters. Aired on May 16, 1985. Rogers visits a man with a wide assortment of musical instruments. In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, everyone hurries over to Westwood, where the Bass Violin Festival is held. Aired on May 17, 1985

Michael Kelly is an Irish footballer who plays as a defender and played most played for in the League of Ireland First Division. He signed for UCD through the scholarship system. In January 2011, Kelly moved to Australia to sign for Heidelberg United, in the VPL. However, this was an unsuccessful time for the Irish youngster as he suffered a serious injury in his first competitive game ruling him out for 6 months; when the transfer window opened in July 2011, Michael made the short trip across Melbourne to sign for Sunshine George Cross Fc, helping the club out of the relegation zone and preserving their league status for the 2012 season. Kelly has started the 2012 season brightly with 2 goals in the opening 3 games which sees SGX joint top of the league. Kelly signed back for UCD on 31 July 2013 after recovering from a hip operation. Michael Kelly at Soccerway

Havoc in Heaven translated as Uproar in Heaven, is a Chinese donghua feature film directed by Wan Laiming and produced by all four of the Wan brothers. The film was created at the height of the Chinese animation industry in the 1960s, received numerous awards, it earned the brothers international recognition. The story is an adaptation of the earlier episodes of the Chinese novel Journey to the West; the stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are influenced by Peking opera traditions. Wan Guchan, of the Wan Brothers and one of the animators of the feature film Princess Iron Fan, began planning the production of Havoc in Heaven after its release in 1941. However, the project was delayed for over a decade after the Japanese capture of Shanghai during the Second Sino-Japanese War, by the Chinese Civil War. Wan Laiming returned to Shanghai as director of Shanghai Animation Film Studio in 1954, production of Havoc in Heaven resumed shortly thereafter; the first part of the film was completed in 1961 by Wan Guchan.

The second part was completed in 1964 with the assistance of Wan Dihuan. Both parts of the film were screened together for the first time in 1965; this was the last major animated film of the Second Golden Era of Cinema of China. A year the entire industry was shut down by the Cultural Revolution; the story is based on the earliest chapters of the Ming Dynasty shenmo novel Journey to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade Emperor of heaven. After a brief prologue showing Sun Wukong being born out of a rock, the first act begins on the Flower and Fruit Mountain with Wukong watching a military parade by his subjects. Delighted with their martial prowess, he decides to put on a display himself but accidentally breaks his royal sword. Annoyed at being unable to find a suitable weapon for himself, Wukong follows an old monkey's suggestion to visit the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea for a possible weapon. Wukong dives into the sea and travels to the Dragon King's palace where he asks for a neighborly gift of a weapon.

The Dragon King, amused by the arrogance, orders his soldiers to bring progressively heavier weapons, but Wukong dismisses them all as being too light and flimsy. The Dragon King takes him to a great pillar, used by the gods to pin down the sea during the great floods; the pillar is in fact the As-you-will Cudgel, a magical staff weighing eight tons that can change size and Sun Wukong takes the weapon. The Dragon King, not expecting Wukong to be able to take the great treasure, demands it back, but Wukong rebukes him, saying that the king should not have offered it if he did not want it taken returns to his kingdom; the Dragon King goes to Heaven and petitions the Celestial Emperor for the return of the pillar and to punish Wukong. General Li offers to send an army, but the God of the North Star suggests that Wukong be given a minor post in Heaven so that he can be kept under close supervision instead; the Emperor agrees to the plan. The God of the North Star travels to the Flower and Fruit Mountain and tricks Wukong saying that he was to be honored with a title and a post in Heaven.

Wukong travels to Heaven and is granted the post of "Head of the Imperial Stables", being misled to believe that it is a high-ranking duty. Wukong arrives at the stables and unhappy with the treatment of the horses, sets them loose, letting them roam freely. Wukong is complimented on the improved mood of the horses. Shortly afterwards, the General of the Imperial Cavalry arrives to inspect the stables and is furious that the horses are free instead of being stabled, he confronts Wukong, who realizes that he has been tricked, he defeats the General and returns to the Flower and Fruit Mountain. The Imperial Court hears that Wukong has claimed the title of ‘Great Sage Equal of Heaven’, the furious Emperor orders General Li to capture Wukong; the general sends two of his best soldiers, including the god Nezha, to challenge the Monkey King, but they are defeated easily. General Li threatens to return, but Wukong shouts back defiantly that he and his monkeys will be waiting. An omitted part of the original release shows General Li interrupting the Emperor's tour of his land, requesting additional troops.

The God of the North Star interjects, saying that subterfuge is required again and after a short argument, the Emperor agrees to his plan. A short scene of life under the protection of the Monkey King is cut short by the captured God of the North Star being brought to Wukong by monkey soldiers; the second act opens with the God of the North Star trying to entice Wukong back to Heaven, but the Monkey King is wary with Heaven's acceptance of the Monkey King's title. The God makes comments about the Flower and Fruit Mountain, comparing it to the Heavenly Garden, extolling the beauty and fruit compared to earthly delights. Intrigued, Wukong agrees to become the guardian of the Heavenly Garden, another minor post that he is misled to believe is important. Now assumed to be placated, he is left alone in the Garden where he eats the Empress’ peaches of immortality. A procession of fairies comes to collect peaches for an important Imperial banquet where they are questioned by Wukong about the banquet's guests.

When he hears that the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea had been invited, but not the ‘Great Sage Equal of Heaven’, Wukong realises he has been tricked again and flies into a rage. The fairies flee, he goes to the Imperial banquet hall and after putting all the attendants to sleep, begins to sample the food and wine. The drunken Monkey King becomes homesick and steals