Carl Roman Abt was a Swiss mechanical engineer, inventor and entrepreneur. He made groundbreaking innovations in rack-and-pinion railways, giving his name to one of the most widely used systems develo
Abt switch used in 1895 built Dresden Funicular Railway (photo of 1985)
Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company No. 3, an Abt type locomotive
A rack railway is a steep grade railway with a toothed rack rail, usually between the running rails. The trains are fitted with one or more cog wheels or pinions that mesh with this rack rail. This al
The Pilatus Railway is the steepest rack railway in the world, with a maximum gradient of 48% and an average gradient of 35%.
Blenkinsop rack and pinion with teeth on outer side of one rail only
The Marsh rack and pinion system
The Riggenbach rack system