Spirit-class cruise ship
The Spirit class is a class of cruise ships built at the Helsinki New Shipyard in Helsinki, Finland. The ships are operated by Carnival Cruise Lines and Costa Cruises; the six ships were built to the original Panamax form factor, allowing them to pass through the Panama Canal. This class has the smallest of the signature smoke. Carnival's Spirit-class ships feature a unique funnel design that integrates the skylight dome of the atrium. In 2007 and 2009, Queen Victoria and Costa Luminosa were introduced; the design of these ships are a hybrid between the Vista class. Creating the Vista/Spirit hybrid class. MV Arcadia – a similar Panamax ship operated by P&O Cruises. Coral Princess and Island Princess – A similar set of Panamax ships operated by Princess Cruises Radiance-class cruise ships – a similar class of Panamax ships operated by Royal Caribbean International Signature-class cruise ship – a similar class of Panamax ships operated by Holland America Line Carnival Cruise Lines
IMO number
The International Maritime Organization number is a unique reference for ships, registered ship owners and management companies. IMO numbers were introduced to reduce maritime fraud, they consist of the three letters "IMO" followed by unique seven-digit numbers, assigned under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea. In 1987 the IMO adopted resolution A.600, aimed at the "enhancement of maritime safety and pollution prevention and the prevention of maritime fraud" by assigning to each ship a permanent identification number. The IMO number remains linked to the hull for its lifetime, regardless of changes of names, flags, or owners; the IMO adopted the existing unique 7-digit numbers applied to ships by Lloyd's Register since 1969, which were modified from 6-digit numbers introduced in 1963. SOLAS regulation XI/3, adopted in 1994 and came into force on 1 January 1996, made IMO numbers mandatory, it was applied to cargo vessels that are at least 300 gross tons and passenger vessels of at least 100 gt.
In the SOLAS Convention, "cargo ships" means "ships which are not passenger ships". The IMO scheme does not however apply to: Vessels engaged in fishing Ships without mechanical means of propulsion Pleasure yachts Ships engaged on special service Hopper barges Hydrofoils, air cushion vehicles Floating docks and structures classified in a similar manner Ships of war and troopships Wooden ships In December 2002, the Diplomatic Conference on Maritime Security adopted a number of measures aimed at enhancing security of ships and port facilities; this included a modification to SOLAS Regulation XI-1/3 to require ships' identification numbers to be permanently marked in a visible place either on the ship's hull or superstructure as well as internally and on the ship's certificates. Passenger ships should carry the marking on a horizontal surface visible from the air. In May 2005, IMO adopted a new SOLAS regulation XI-1/3-1 on the mandatory company and registered owner identification number scheme, with entry into force on 1 January 2009.
The regulation provides that every ship owner and management company shall have a unique identification number. Other amendments require these numbers to be added to the relevant certificates and documents in the International Safety Management Code and the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code. Like the IMO ship identification number, the company identification number is a seven-digit number with the prefix IMO. For example, for the ship Atlantic Star, IMO 5304986 referred to the former ship manager Pullmantur Cruises Ship Management Ltd and IMO 5364264 to her former owner, Pullmantur Cruises Empress Ltd. IMO identification numbers for ships and registered owners are assigned by IHS Markit. For new vessels, the IMO number is assigned to a hull during construction upon keel laying. Many vessels which fall outside the mandatory requirements of SOLAS have numbers allocated by Lloyd's Register or IHS Markit in the same numerical series, including fishing vessels and commercial yachts.
An IMO number is made of the three letters "IMO" followed by a seven-digit number. This consists of a six-digit sequential unique number followed by a check digit; the integrity of an IMO number can be verified using its check digit. This is done by multiplying each of the first six digits by a factor of 2 to 7 corresponding to their position from right to left; the rightmost digit of this sum is the check digit. For example, for IMO 9074729: + + + + + = 139. Maritime Mobile Service Identity, used globally as a national alternate to the IMO number ENI number, a comparable system for European barges and other inland waterway vessels IMO Number Requests by IHS Maritime
PortMiami
PortMiami, formally the Dante B. Fascell Port of Miami, is a major seaport located in Biscayne Bay in Florida, it is the largest passenger port in the world, one of the largest cargo ports in the United States. It is connected to Downtown Miami by Port Boulevard—a causeway over the Intracoastal Waterway—and to the neighboring Watson Island via the PortMiami Tunnel; the port is located on Dodge Island, the combination of three historic islands that have since been combined into one. It is named in honor of 19 term Florida Congressman Dante Fascell; as of 2011, PortMiami accounts for 176,000 jobs and has an annual economic impact in Miami of $18 billion. In the early 1900s, Government Cut was dredged along with a new channel to what now is known as Bicentennial Park in downtown Miami; this new access to the mainland created the Main Channel which improved the shipping access to the new port. From these original dredging spoils which were disposed on the south side of the new Main Channel, new islands were inadvertently created which became Dodge and Sam's Island along with several other smaller islands.
As the port grew through the years as a result of the improved shipping access and growth of the South Florida community, it needed additional lands to expand its operation. As such, on April 5, 1960 the Dade County Board of Commissioners approved Resolution No. 4830, "Joint Resolution Providing for Construction of Modern Seaport Facilities at Dodge Island Site" which on April 6, 1960 the City of Miami approved the same as City Resolution No. 31837 to construct the new Port of Miami. Soon thereafter, work began on constructing the new port on Dodge Island by expanding the island and joining it other islands in the general vicinity. Upon construction of the new seawalls, transit shed'A', the administration building and a new vehicle and railroad bridge, the operations were transferred from the mainland port to the new port on Dodge Island. Thereafter through the years, additional fill material from dredging enlarged the islands of Lummus and Sam's along with the filling of the North, South and NOAO slips, creating the new port, built on a man made island.
PortMiami boasts the title "cruise capital of the world", is the busiest cruise/passenger port in the world. It accommodates the operations of such major cruise lines as Carnival, Royal Caribbean and Norwegian Cruise Line, it is home to the Symphony of the Seas, the largest cruise ship in the world. The following ships are based in Miami: Carnival Sensation, Carnival Glory, Carnival Victory, Carnival Splendor, Empress of the Seas, Navigator of the Seas, Norwegian Getaway, Norwegian Sky, Disney Magic. In 2018, PortMiami became homeport for five more modern megaliners: Mariner of the Seas, Allure of the Seas, Symphony of the Seas, Carnival Horizon, Norwegian Bliss; as the "Cargo Gateway of the Americas", the port handles containerized cargo with small amounts of breakbulk and industrial equipment. It is the largest container port in ninth in the United States; as a world-class port, PortMiami is among an elite group of ports in the world which cater to both cruise ships and containerized cargo.
PortMiami is an important contributor to state economies. Over four million cruise passengers pass through the Port, 7.4 million tons of cargo and over 1 million twenty-foot equivalent units of intermodal container traffic move through the seaport per year. This combination of cruise and cargo activities supports 176,000 jobs, has an economic impact in Miami-Dade County of over $17 billion, $14 billion of, generated by its cargo operations; the port operates eight passenger terminals, six gantry cranes wharves, seven Ro-Ro docks, four refrigerated yards for containers, break bulk cargo warehouses and nine gantry container handling cranes. In addition, the port tenants operate the cruise and cargo terminals which includes their cargo handling and support equipment. To retain the port's competitive rank as a world-class port, in 1997 the port undertook a redevelopment program of over $250 million, well underway to accommodate the changing demands of cruise vessel operators, passengers and carriers.
To further resolve accessibility, the PortMiami Tunnel was constructed in 2010 and completed in 2014, providing direct vehicle access from the port to the interstate highway system via State Road 836, thereby bypassing congestion in downtown Miami. As part of the massive PortMiami redevelopment program, new ultramodern cruise terminals and parking garages have been constructed. Additionally, a new gantry crane dock and container storage yards have been constructed along with the electrification of the gantry crane docks to include the conversion of several cranes has been completed. In addition, the Port acquired two state-of-the-art super post-panamax gantry cranes which are amongst the largest in the world. This, along with the planned Deep Dredge Project, would make it possible for PortMiami to facilitate the future largest containerships in the world, the Maersk Triple E Class; the new and restructured roadway system with new lighting and signage greets visitors to the'Cruise Capital of the World and Cargo Gateway of the Americas'.
The roadways will change again with the completion of the PortMiami Tunnel. And to enhance cargo port accessibility, the newly constructed Security Gates opened at the end of 2006 to increase the processing rate for container trucks and help eliminate the daily traffic backups. In March 2018, Norwegian Cruise Li
Carnival Imagination
Carnival Imagination is a Fantasy-class cruise ship operated by Carnival Cruise Line. Built by Kværner Masa-Yards at its Helsinki New Shipyard in Helsinki, she was floated out on July 1, 1995, christened Imagination by Jodi Dickinson. During 2007, in common with all of her Fantasy-class sisters, she had the prefix Carnival added to her name, she sails three- and four-day itineraries from Long Beach, California, to Catalina Island, to Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. 3 day cruises depart every Thursday, with a stop in Ensenada, Mexico, 4 day cruises depart every Sunday, with stops in Catalina Island and Ensenada, Mexico. The ship underwent an extensive multimillion-dollar renovation in September 2016. Smith, Peter C.. Cruise Ships: The World's Most Luxurious Vessels. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Pen & Sword Maritime. ISBN 9781848842182. Carnival Imagination official website
Fantasy-class cruise ship
The Fantasy class is a cruise ship class operated by Carnival Cruise Lines. The first vessel of the class, Carnival Fantasy, entered service in 1990. All eight vessels of the class were constructed by Kvaerner Masa-Yards, in Helsinki, Finland at the Hietalahti shipyard. Carnival Elation and Carnival Paradise differ from the other ships of the class in that they have Azipod azimuth thrusters, they were the last cruise ships built with the lifeboats only on the upper deck. This class utilizes a "modern ocean/cruise liner" design, with all of its cabins situated within the hull and only a handful of suites on the superstructure, similar to the Holiday-class cruise ships built in the late 1980s; the Fantasy class is the only class in service for Carnival built with only a few balcony cabins. In late 2006, Carnival Cruise Lines announced their intention to refurbish the Fantasy-class fleet under the programme name "Evolutions Of Fun"; this cost $250 million. Carnival Cruise Line
Wärtsilä
Wärtsilä Oyj Abp is a Finnish corporation which manufactures and services power sources and other equipment in the marine and energy markets. The core products of Wärtsilä include technologies for the energy sector, including gas, multi-fuel, liquid fuel and biofuel power plants and energy storage systems. Ship design capabilities include ferries and vessels for the fishing, merchant and special segments. Services offerings include online services, underwater services, turbocharger services, solutions for the marine and oil and gas markets. At the end of June 2018, the company employed more than 19,000 workers. Wärtsilä has three main businesses. Wärtsilä operates globally; the company has signaled its intention to transform from an equipment maker, to a Smart Marine and Smart Energy company, following acquisitions of companies such as Transas, Guidance Marine, MSI, the setting up of Digital Acceleration Centres in Helsinki, Central Europe, North America. The company services the merchant, offshore and ferry, fishing, tugs and special vessel markets, the offering includes ship design and auxiliary engines, auxiliary power systems and automation packages, seals, gears, scrubbers and all related services, such as repair, upgrading, training and environmental services.
Customers comprise both shipyards and ship owners. The environmental products range from reduction of air emissions, such as NOx, SOx, CO, volatile organic compounds, to oily waste water treatment and other water solutions such as ballast water management systems. In November 2017, the company introduced its Smart Marine Ecosystem vision, with the promise of delivering value and optimisation for customers through the use of connectivity and digitalisation. Wärtsilä Marine was an important Finnish shipbuilder from 1935 until 1989, building cruiseferries, cruise ships and a large share of the icebreakers of the world; the former Wärtsilä Marine Turku Shipyard is now owned by Meyer Werft under its Meyer Turku subsidiary and the Helsinki shipyard is operated by Arctech. Wärtsilä is a provider of power plants in distributed and flexible power generation; the product portfolio consists of installations up to 600 MW, running on any gaseous or liquid fuels, such as Heavy fuel oil, natural gas, liquefied natural gas, different types and qualities of fuel oils, renewable fuels like biogas and biofuel.
In addition for the reliability of traditional base power generation, the engines have the capability to start and stop and they maintain their efficiency in part load, which makes them well suited for peaking power production, smart grids, emergency power systems. They can utilize the combined cycle and cogeneration to produce steam or hot water for heating, trigeneration for chilled water, which can be used for air conditioning. Wärtsilä provides products and services for grid stability management, utilization of gas flares, pumping applications, financial services, project management services for projects concerning power generation. In May 2017, Wärtsilä signed an agreement to acquire Greensmith Energy Management Systems Inc. In March 2018, the company announced that it had delivered the world's largest solar hybrid power plant], situated in Burkina Faso. Wärtsilä provides about 25 percent of Bangladesh's total grid capacity, with the company's total power supply to Bangladesh rising to more than 4200 MW when a 105MW power plant being built by Baraka Shikalbaha Power Ltd goes operational in spring 2019.
Wärtsilä's wide energy solutions and systems footprint includes the USA, the UK, Russia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Senegal, the Dominican Republic, Saudi Arabia, Morocco, Sierra Leone, Finland, Rwanda, Honduras, El Salvador, Mexico and Oman. The wholly owned service network consist of over 4,500 field services professionals in more than 160 locations in over 70 countries globally, with the installed base of over 180 000 MW; the focus lies on optimising operations and life cycle performance of land based power plants and ship installations. Wärtsilä provides services, spare parts, maintenance and fuel conversions solutions for medium and low-speed gas and diesel engines and other related systems, propulsion systems, electrical & automation systems, boilers including environmental solutions regarding particulates and NOx, covering scrubber, selective catalytic reduction, oxidation catalysts, ballast water treatment systems and oily-water systems, long-term service agreements, condition monitoring, condition-based maintenance and advisory services.
In January 2017, Wärtsilä and Carnival Corporation announced a 12-year performance-based agreement worth 900 million euros. Acquisitions in the Services business include Eniram in 2016, Trident B. V in 2017, Lock-N-Stich. At the end of 2017, Wärtsilä’s market share in marine medium-speed main engines was 47% and in auxiliary engines 10%. Wärtsilä’s market share for gas and liquid fuel power plants was 19%. Wärtsilä’s biggest competitors in the marine market are MAN Diesel & Turbo, Caterpillar Inc. and Rolls-Royce plc. and in the energy market the biggest com
Carnival Cruise Line
Carnival Cruise Line is an international cruise line with headquarters in Doral, Florida. Its logo is the funnel like the funnels found on their ships, with red and blue colors; the funnels are shaped like a whale's tail. Carnival is the largest cruise line in the world, based on passengers carried annually, annual revenue, total number of ships in fleet. Carnival is one of ten cruise line brands owned by the world's largest cruise ship operator, the American-British Carnival Corporation & plc. In 2018 Carnival Cruise Line was estimated to hold an 8.9% share of cruise industry revenue and 22.0% of passengers. It is the largest fleet in the Carnival group; the ships fly flags of convenience. Its headquarters are in Miami, the United States; the North American division of Carnival Corporation has executive control over the corporation and is headquartered in Doral, Florida. Carnival Cruise Line was founded in 1972 by Ted Arison. To finance the venture, Arison turned to his friend Meshulam Riklis, who owned Boston-based American International Travel Service.
Arison and Riklis set up the new company as a subsidiary of AITS. AITS was to promote the new venture. In 1974, due to regulatory issues, Riklis sold AITS's interest in the company to Arison for $1, but subject to Arison taking over the substantial company debts; the split enabled Arison to enter into new relationships with independent travel agents. He promoted his cruises to fun-loving younger people; the format was successful financially. Until 1975, the line consisted of the Mardi Gras. In 1975 another ship was acquired, the Carnivale. In 1996, Carnival Destiny of 101,000 GT became the largest passenger ship in the world at the time and first to exceed 100,000 tons. In 2001, Robert H. Dickinson President and CTC, participated in a BBC documentary, Back To The Floor. Dickinson went to work at the lowest crew levels on the MS Imagination in the Caribbean, where he shadowed a Romanian cleaner, Alina. In 2004, Carnival Corporation ordered for a development program for Carnival's new ships, the Pinnacle Project, calling for a 200,000 GT prototype, which would have been the world's largest cruise ship at the time.
The ship was cancelled and after that they came up with a project called Next Generation. In 2009, Carnival released their biggest ship at the time, the Carnival Dream, a new 128,000 GT ship. Carnival Dream entered service on 21 September 2009. After several voyages in the Mediterranean, she was set to offer weekly Caribbean cruises from Port Canaveral from 5 December 2009. A sister ship, Carnival Magic, debuted on 1 May 2011. On 1 December 2009 it was announced, it entered service in June 2012 and its homeport is now Galveston. On May 10, 2010, Carnival selected a name for their new Dream-class vessel in 2012 - Carnival Breeze. On 26 October 2012, it was announced that Carnival had ordered a brand new 133,500 GT ship for their Carnival Cruise Line brand; this ship, built by Fincantieri, was the largest ship they have built. It sailed its maiden voyage on May 1, 2016; the new ship was named Carnival Vista. In January 2017, Michael Thamm was appointed CEO of Carnival Asia to oversee operations in China and the surrounding region.
A sister to Carnival Vista, Carnival Horizon, joined the fleet with their inaugural voyages from Trieste and Barcelona, Spain on May 1, 2016 and April 2, 2018, respectively. Queen Latifah is the Godmother of Horizon for its christening in New York on May 23, 2018. Carnival Panorama is set to join the fleet in December 2019. In February 2018, the company's officials unveiled a major port development project in Ensenada, Mexico. In 2016, Carnival extended their contract with Port Everglades cruise port to 2030; the port began a $54 million renovation in anticipation of the deal. The agreement brings over $200 million in personal income. In 2018, Carnival brought the Carnival Fantasy to Alabama. Economists anticipate an increase in tourism to revenue at an estimated $35 million; the company has been paying wages under $1.50 per hour to employees with low-to-nonexistent benefits, such as holidays or minimal vacations. Monthly salaries of the high-paid workers are around $1,300. Employees report strenuous working conditions such as 14-hour shifts with no days off.
Retirement benefits were revoked in October 2013. In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, three of the Carnival cruise ships were chartered by the United States government for six months to serve as temporary housing until the houses can be rebuilt. After being chartered for six months, their planned voyages were cancelled, passengers were refunded. Holiday was docked in Mobile and Pascagoula, Ecstasy and Sensation were docked at New Orleans, Louisiana; the six-month contract cost $236 million. The contract was criticized, because the vessels were never utilized, Carnival received more money than it would have earned by using the ships in their normal rotation. Since 2017, Carnival Cruise Line has been on probation, after having been found to "illegally dumping oil into the ocean from its Princess Cruises ships and lying about the scheme." Carnival Cruise Line had to pay a $40 million fine. By 2019, the US prosecutors found that "ships have dumped gray water into Alaska’s Glacier Bay National Park, prepared ships in advance of court-ordered audits to avoid unfavorable findings, falsified records and dumped plastic garbage into the ocean."
Carnival Cruise has acknowledged these incidents. As a result, a US federal Judge "threatens to stop Carnival ships from docking in US." See al
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Carnival Corporation & plc
Panama[1]
