1.
Airline codes
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This is a list of airline codes. The table lists IATAs two-character airline designators, ICAOs three-character airline designators, IATA airline designators, sometimes called IATA reservation codes, are two-character codes assigned by the International Air Transport Association to the worlds airlines. The standard is described in IATAs Standard Schedules Information Manual and the codes themselves are described in IATAs Airline Coding Directory, Airline designator codes follow the format xx, i. e. two alphanumeric characters followed by an optional letter. Although the IATA standard provides for three-character airline designators, IATA has not used the third character in any assigned code. This is because some legacy computer systems, especially the central reservations systems, have failed to comply with the standard, the codes issued to date comply with IATA Resolution 762, which provides for only two characters. These codes thus comply with the current airline designator standard, there are three types of designator, unique, numeric/alpha and controlled duplicate. IATA airline designators are used to identify an airline for commercial purposes in reservations, timetables, tickets, tariffs, air waybills, a flight designator is the concatenation of the airline designator, xx, and the numeric flight number, n, plus an optional one-letter operational suffix. Therefore, the format of a flight designator is xxn. After an airline is delisted, IATA can make the code available for reuse after six months, controlled duplicates are issued to regional airlines whose destinations are not likely to overlap, so that the same code is shared by two airlines. The controlled duplicate is denoted here, and in IATA literature, an example of this is the code 6Y, which refers to both Mid Airlines, a charter airline in Sudan, and Med Airways, a charter airline in Lebanon. IATA also issues an accounting or prefix code and this number is used on tickets as the first three characters of the ticket number. The IATA codes originally based on the ICAO designators which were issued in 1947 as two-letter airline identification codes and these codes are unique by airline, unlike the IATA airline designator codes. The designators are listed in ICAO Document 8585, Designators for Aircraft Operating Agencies, ICAO codes have been issued since 1947. The ICAO codes originally based on a two-letter-system and were identical to the codes used by IATA. After an airline joined IATA its existing ICAO-two-letter-code was taken over as IATA code, so in the 1970s the abbreviation BA was the ICAO code and the IATA code of British Airways while non-IATA-airlines like Court Line used their 2-letter-abbreviation as ICAO code only. In the early 1980s ICAO introduced the current three-letter-system due to the number of airlines. It became the new standard system in November 1987. Other designators, particularly starting with Y and Z, are reserved for government organizations
2.
Focus city
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In the airline industry, a focus city is a destination from which an airline operates several point-to-point routes. Thus, a city primarily caters to the local market rather than to connecting passengers. However, with the terms expanded usage, a city may also function as a small-scale hub. Allegiant Air, JetBlue and Frontier Airlines are examples of airlines that consider some of their destinations to be focus cities
3.
Mehrabad International Airport
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Tehran Mehrabad International Airport, is an airport that serves Tehran, Iran. Mehrabad, however, is still by far the busiest airport in Iran in terms of traffic and aircraft movements. It is capable of handling aircraft such as the Boeing 747. The airport is also the gateway used by the Government of Iran. Newly delivered Republic F-84G Thunderjets and Lockheed T-33A Shooting Star arrived, May 1957 and April 1956, in 1955 just after construction of first asphalt paved runway a new terminal building for both international and domestic flights was designed and constructed. Among the designers of the modern buildings of the airport was the famous architect William Pereira. After IKAs initial opening in May 2004, due to complications, all international flights have now been moved to IKA. Mehrabad International Airport consists of six terminals, VIP Terminal is used for Meraj Airlines for Governmental flights, CIP Terminal can be used at a passengers request. The Terminal is open to all requests, Terminal 1 is only used for the departures of Kish Air and Zagros Airlines. It also used for all cargo operations, terminals 4 and 6 handle departures and arrivals respectively - for all other airlines. Terminals 3 and 5 are only used during the peak time Hajj seasons, Terminal Crew is used for the flight crews of all airlines. An aircraft engineering and maintenance company Fajr Ashian, has a maintenance hangar adjacent to main airport premises, the hangar is linked to Mehrabad Airport through a taxiway crossing Tehran-Karaj Highway. Fajr Ashian takes care of Aircraft of many companies e. g. Iran Air, Mahan Air, in addition the Iranian Airports Holding Company also has its head office at Mehrabad Airport, nearby Terminal 2. On 15 March 1974, a Sterling Airways Sud Aviation Caravelle suffered a landing gear failure, as the aircraft was taxiing, the right main landing gear failed, causing the right wing to collapse and catch fire. 15 passengers were killed in the accident, on 5 December 1974, a roof collapsed, killing 17 and injuring dozens more. On 20 April 2005, a Boeing 707-3J9C had an accident while landing in Mehrabad airport, after touchdown on runway 29L problems with the undercarriage caused the Boeing 707 to slide off the runway into the Kan River. Three passengers were killed after they fell in the river during the evacuation, the plane left 8 hours later without incident. On 6 December 2005, an Iranian Air Force C-130 Hercules crashed in Tehran shortly after taking off from the airport
4.
Tehran
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Tehran is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area, in the Classical era, part of the present-day city of Tehran was occupied by a Median city that in the Avesta occurs as Rhaga. It was destroyed by the Mongols in the early 13th century, the capital has been moved several times throughout the history, and Tehran is the 32nd national capital of Iran. The city was the seat of the Qajars and Pahlavis, the two last imperial dynasties of Iran. It is home to historical collections, such as the royal complexes of Golestan, Sadabad. Large scale demolition and rebuilding began in the 1920s, and Tehran has been a destination for the migrations from all over Iran since the 20th century. Tabiat Bridge, which was completed in 2014, is considered the third symbol of the city. There have been plans to relocate Irans capital from Tehran to another area, due mainly to air pollution, to date, no definitive plans have been approved. A2016 survey of 230 cities by consultant Mercer ranked Tehran 203rd for quality of living, according to the Global Destinations Cities Index in 2016, Tehran is among the top ten fastest growing destinations. The origin of the name Tehran is uncertain, the settlement of Tehran dates back over 7,000 years. The present-day city of Tehran was a suburb of an important Median city that was known as Rhaga in Old Persian, in the Avestas Videvdat, Rhaga is mentioned as the twelfth sacred place created by the Ohrmazd. In Old Persian inscriptions, Rhaga appears as a province and it was a major area for the Iranian tribes of Medes and Achaemenids. From Rhaga, Darius the Great sent reinforcements to his father Hystaspes, in some Middle Persian texts, Rhaga is given as the birthplace of Zoroaster, although modern historians generally place the birth of Zoroaster in Khorasan. Derived into Modern Persian as Rey, it now as a city located towards the southern end of the modern-day city of Tehran. Mount Damavand, the highest peak of Iran, which is located near Tehran, is an important location in Ferdowsis Shahname, the long Iranian epic poem that is based on the ancient epics of Iran. It appears in the epics as the birthplace of Manuchehr, the residence of Keyumars, the place where Freydun binds the dragon fiend Aži Dahāka, during the Sassanid era, in 641, Yazdgerd III issued his last appeal to the nation from Rey, before fleeing to Khorasan. Rey was dominated by the Parthian Mihran family, and Siyavakhsh—the son of Mihran the son of Bahram Chobin—who resisted the Muslim Invasion, because of this resistance, when the Arabs captured Rey, they ordered the town to be destroyed and ordered Farrukhzad to rebuild the town anew. In the 9th century, Tehran was a well known village, but less known than the city of Rey, the medieval writer Najm od Din Razi declared the population of Rey about 500,000 before the Mongol Invasion
5.
Business administration
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Business administration is management of a business. It includes all aspects of overseeing and supervising business operations, in general, administration refers to the broader management function, including the associated finance, personnel and MIS services. Alternatively, administration can refer to the bureaucratic or operational performance of routine tasks, usually internally oriented. Administrators, broadly speaking, engage in a set of functions to meet the organizations goals. These functions of the administrator were described by Henri Fayol as the five elements of administration, sometimes creating output, which includes all of the processes that create the product that the business sells, is added as a sixth element. A business administrator oversees a business and its operations, the job is to ensure that the business meets its goals and is properly organized and managed. When organizational changes are necessary, a person in this usually leads the way as well. In some cases, the person who starts or owns the business serves as its administrator, when a person has the title of business administrator, they are essentially the manager of the company and its other managers. The person oversees those in positions to ensure that they follow company policies. Additionally, they interact with people outside the company, such as business partners and vendors. The Bachelor of Business Administration is a degree in commerce. The degree is designed to give a broad knowledge of the aspects of a company and their interconnection. The degree also develops the students practical, managerial and communication skills, many programs incorporate training and practical experience, in the form of case projects, presentations, internships, industrial visits, and interaction with experts from industry. The Master of Business Administration is a degree in business administration. The MBA degree originated in the United States in the early 20th century when the country industrialized, most programs also include elective courses. The MBA is a degree and a professional degree. Accreditation bodies specifically for MBA programs ensure consistency and quality of education, Business schools in many countries offer programs tailored to full-time, part-time, executive, and distance learning students, many with concentrations. PhD in management is the highest academic degree awarded in the study of management science, the degree was designed for those seeking academic research and teaching careers as faculty or professors in the study of management at business schools worldwide
6.
Persian language
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Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi, is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan and it is mostly written in the Persian alphabet, a modified variant of the Arabic script. Its grammar is similar to that of many contemporary European languages, Persian gets its name from its origin at the capital of the Achaemenid Empire, Persis, hence the name Persian. A Persian-speaking person may be referred to as Persophone, there are approximately 110 million Persian speakers worldwide, with the language holding official status in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. For centuries, Persian has also been a cultural language in other regions of Western Asia, Central Asia. It also exerted influence on Arabic, particularly Bahrani Arabic. Persian is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-European family, other Western Iranian languages are the Kurdish languages, Gilaki, Mazanderani, Talysh, and Balochi. Persian is classified as a member of the Southwestern subgroup within Western Iranian along with Lari, Kumzari, in Persian, the language is known by several names, Western Persian, Parsi or Farsi has been the name used by all native speakers until the 20th century. Since the latter decades of the 20th century, for reasons, in English. Tajiki is the variety of Persian spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan by the Tajiks, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term Persian as a language name is first attested in English in the mid-16th century. Native Iranian Persian speakers call it Fārsi, Farsi is the Arabicized form of Pārsi, subsequent to Muslim conquest of Persia, due to a lack of the phoneme /p/ in Standard Arabic. The origin of the name Farsi and the place of origin of the language which is Fars Province is the Arabicized form of Pārs, in English, this language has historically been known as Persian, though Farsi has also gained some currency. Farsi is encountered in some literature as a name for the language. In modern English the word Farsi refers to the language while Parsi describes Zoroastrians, some Persian language scholars such as Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, and University of Arizona professor Kamran Talattof, have also rejected the usage of Farsi in their articles. The international language-encoding standard ISO 639-1 uses the code fa, as its system is mostly based on the local names. The more detailed standard ISO 639-3 uses the name Persian for the dialect continuum spoken across Iran and Afghanistan and this consists of the individual languages Dari and Iranian Persian. Currently, Voice of America, BBC World Service, Deutsche Welle, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty also includes a Tajik service and an Afghan service. This is also the case for the American Association of Teachers of Persian, The Centre for Promotion of Persian Language and Literature, Persian is an Iranian language belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European family of languages
7.
Tupolev Tu-154
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The Tupolev Tu-154 is a three-engine medium-range narrow-body airliner designed in the mid-1960s and manufactured by Tupolev. It was exported to 17 non-Russian airlines and used as a transport by the air forces of several countries. With a cruising speed of 900 kilometres per hour the Tu-154 is one of the fastest civilian aircraft in use and has a range of 5,280 kilometres. Since 1968 there have been 39 fatal incidents involving the Tu-154, most of which were caused either by factors unrelated to the aircraft, following a crash in 2016 all Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft in Russia were grounded. However, the Tu-154 is still being used as of January 2017, the Tu-154 was developed to meet Aeroflots requirement to replace the jet-powered Tu-104, the Antonov An-10 and the Ilyushin Il-18 turboprops. A takeoff distance of 2,600 metres at maximum weight was also stipulated as a requirement. The Soviet Ministry of Aircraft Industry chose the Tu-154 as it incorporated the latest in Soviet aircraft design, the first project chief was Sergey Yeger, in 1964, Dmitryi S. Markov assumed that position. In 1975, the lead role was turned over to Aleksandr S. Shengardt. The Tu-154 first flew on 4 October 1968, the first deliveries to Aeroflot were in 1970 with freight services beginning in May 1971 and passenger services in February 1972. There was still limited production of the 154M model as of January 2009 despite previous announcements of the end of production in 2006,1025 Tu-154s have been built,214 of which were still in service as of 14 December 2009. The last serial Tu-154 was delivered to the Russian Defense Ministry on 19 February 2013 from the Aviakor factory, equipped with upgraded avionics, a VIP interior, the factory has four unfinished hulls in its inventory which can be completed if new orders are received. The Tu-154 is powered by three rear-mounted low-bypass turbofan engines arranged similarly to those of the Boeing 727, but it is larger than its American counterpart. Both the 727 and the Tu-154 use an S-duct for the middle engine, the original model was equipped with Kuznetsov NK-8-2 engines, which were replaced with Soloviev D-30KU-154 in the Tu-154M. All Tu-154 aircraft models have a relatively high thrust-to-weight-ratio which give excellent performance and this became an important factor in later decades as fuel costs grew. The flight deck is fitted with conventional dual yoke control columns, Flight control surfaces are hydraulically operated. The cabin of the Tu-154, although of the same six-abreast seating layout, gives the impression of an interior, with a lower ceiling than is common on Boeing. The passenger cabin accommodates 128 passengers in a layout and 164 passengers in single-class layout. The layout can be modified to what is called a winter version where some seats are taken out, the passenger doors are smaller than on its Boeing and Airbus counterparts
8.
Dubai International Airport
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Dubai International Airport is the primary airport serving Dubai, United Arab Emirates and is the worlds busiest airport by international passenger traffic. In 2016, DXB handled 83.6 million passengers,2.59 million tonnes of cargo, Dubai International is situated in the Al Garhoud district,2.5 nautical miles east of Dubai and spread over an area of 2,900 hectares of land. The airport is operated by the Dubai Airports Company and is the base of Dubais international airlines, Emirates. The Emirates hub is the largest airline hub in the Middle East, Emirates handles around 65% of all passenger traffic, Dubai Airport is also the base for low-cost carrier flydubai which handles 11. 6% of passenger traffic and 25% of aircraft movements at DXB. The airport consists of three terminals and has a capacity of 90 million passengers annually. Terminal 3 is the second largest building in the world by floor space, as of January 2016, there are over 7,700 weekly flights operated by 140 airlines to over 270 destinations across all six inhabited continents. The Empire Flying Boats also started operating once a week flying east to Karachi and west to Southampton, by February 1938, there were four flying boats a week. In the 1940s, flying from Dubai was by flying boats operated by British Overseas Airways Corporation, construction of the airport was ordered by the ruler of Dubai, Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, in 1959. It officially opened in 1960 with its first airfield, at time it was able to handle aircraft the size of a Douglas DC-3 on a 1,800 m long runway made of compacted sand. Three turning-areas, an apron and small terminal completed the airport that was constructed by Costain, in May 1963, construction of a 9,200 ft asphalt runway started. The installation of the system continued after official opening and was completed in August of that year. During the second half of the 1960s several extensions, equipment upgrades like a VHF omnidirectional range, by 1969, the airport was served by 9 airlines serving some 20 destinations. The inauguration was on 15 May 1966 and was marked by the visits of the first big jets of Middle East Airlines, the construction of a new terminal building consisting of a three-story building 110 m long and included an enclosed floor area of 13,400 m2. A new 28 m control tower was also constructed, expansion continued in the early 1970s including ILS Category II equipment, lengthening existing runway to 12,500 ft, installation of a non-directional beacon, diesel generators, taxiways, etc. This work made handling the Boeing 747 and Concorde possible, several runway and apron extensions were carried out through the decade to meet growing demand. 1971 saw the new precision category 2 Approach and Runway Lighting System being commissioned, the construction of the Airport Fire Station and the installation of the generators were completed in December of that year and was fully operational in March 1972. The ruler also commissioned and inaugurated the Long-range Surveillance System on 19 June 1973, with the expansion of the Airport Fire Services it was necessary to find more suitable accommodation and a hangar style building was made available to them at the end of 1976. This was located midway between the ends to facilitate efficient operations
9.
Tupolev
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Tupolev is a Russian aerospace and defence company, headquartered in Basmanny District, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow. Known officially as Joint Stock Company Tupolev, it is the successor of the Tupolev OKB or Tupolev Design Bureau headed by the Soviet aerospace engineer A. N, the company celebrated its 90th anniversary on October 22,2012. The Russian government merged Tupolev with Mikoyan, Ilyushin, Irkut, Sukhoi, the capabilities of PSC Tupolev include development, manufacturing and overhaul for both civil and military aerospace products such as aircraft and weapons systems. It is also active with missile and naval aviation technologies, more than 18,000 Tupolev aircraft were produced for the USSR and the Eastern Bloc. Tupolev OKB was founded by Andrei Tupolev in 1922 and its facilities are tailored for aeronautics research and aircraft design only, manufacturing is handled by other firms. It researched all-metal airplanes during the 1920s, based directly on the work already done by Hugo Junkers during World War I. The first successful all-metal airplane was built with sheet steel by the German engineer Hugo Junkers in 1915. With the never-completed Junkers J3 of 1916, used strictly as a design study and this factory was turned over to Tupolev in 1925. Russian sources usually refrain from making the link between Junkers and Tupolev, Tupolev was an able designer, but his first generation aircraft were heavily influenced by his early connection to Junkers. Tupolevs design approach in these two airplanes defined for many years the trends of heavy development, civil and military. During World War II, the twin-engined, all-metal Tu-2 was one of the best front-line bombers of the Soviets, several variants of it were produced in large numbers from 1942. During the war it used wooden rear fuselages due to a shortage of metal and this was succeeded by the development of the jet-powered Tu-16 bomber, which used a sweptback wing for good subsonic performance. As turbojets were not fuel efficient enough to provide truly intercontinental range, the Soviets elected to design a new bomber, the Tu-20, more commonly referred to as the Tu-95. It, too, was based on the fuselage and structural design of the Tu-4 and it became the definitive Soviet intercontinental bomber, with intercontinental range and jet-like performance. In many respects the Soviet equivalent of the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, it served as a bomber and in many alternate roles, including reconnaissance. The Tu-16 was developed into the civil Tu-104, the Tu-95 became the basis of the unique Tu-114 medium-to-long-range airliner, the fastest turboprop aircraft ever. One common feature found in many large subsonic Tupolev jet aircraft is large pods extending rearward from the edge of the wings. These allow the aircraft to have landing gears made up of many large low-pressure tires, for example, the Tu-154 airliner, the Soviet equivalent of the Boeing 727, has 14 tyres, the same number as Boeings far larger 777–200
10.
McDonnell Douglas MD-80
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The McDonnell Douglas MD-80 is a series of twin-engine, short- to medium-range, single-aisle commercial jet airliners. It was lengthened and updated from the DC-9 and this series can seat from 130 to 172 passengers depending on variant and seating configuration. The MD-80 series was introduced into service on October 10,1980 by Swissair. The series includes the MD-81, MD-82, MD-83, MD-87 and these all have the same fuselage length except the shortened MD-87. The series was followed into service in modified form by the MD-90 in 1995, Douglas Aircraft developed the DC-9 in the 1960s as a short-range companion to their larger DC-8. The DC-9 was a design, using two rear fuselage-mounted turbofan engines, and a T-tail. The DC-9 has a fuselage design with five-abreast seating, and holds 80 to 135 passengers depending on seating arrangement. The development of MD-80 series began in the 1970s as a lengthened, growth version of the DC-9-50, with a higher maximum take-off weight and a higher fuel capacity. Availability of newer versions of the Pratt & Whitney JT8D engine with higher bypass ratios drove early studies including designs known as Series 55, Series 50, the design effort focused on the Series 55 in August 1977. With the projected entry into service in 1980, the design was marketed as the DC-9 Series 80, Swissair launched the Series 80 in October 1977 with an order for 15 plus an option for five. The MD-80 is a mid-size, medium-range airliner, the series featured a fuselage 14 ft 3 in longer than the DC-9-50. The DC-9s wing design was enlarged by adding sections at the wing root, the initial Series 80 first flew October 19,1979. It was certified as a version of the DC-9 and it was the second generation of the DC-9, originally called the DC-9-80 and the DC-9 Super 80. The design was the generation of the DC-9 with two rear fuselage-mounted turbofan engines, small, highly efficient wings, and a T-tail. The aircraft has distinctive five-abreast seating in the coach class, the aircraft series was designed for frequent, short-haul flights for 130 to 172 passengers depending on plane version and seating arrangement. The MD-80 series aircraft also have longer fuselages than their earlier DC-9 counterparts, some customers, such as American Airlines, still refer to the planes in fleet documentation as Super 80. This model is still flown extensively by American Airlines and Delta Air Lines, comparable airliners to the MD-80 series include the Boeing 737-400 and Airbus A320. The first MD-80, DC-9 line number 909, made its first flight on October 19,1979, the flight-testing leading up to certification had involved three aircraft accumulating a total of 1,085 flying hours on 795 flights
11.
Ahwaz International Airport
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Ahvaz International Airport is an airport serving the city of Ahvaz, Iran. It offers flights to destinations as well as regional international destinations such as Dubai, Istanbul. On 19 April 1970, Douglas C-47B EP-AGZ of the Air Taxi Co stalled on take-off, the aircraft was destroyed by the subsequent fire. It was operating a passenger flight. All 25 people on board survived, in December 2012, Agence France-Presse reported that Ahwaz airport was to be relocated because oil had been discovered underneath it. Iran Civil Aviation Organization Transport in Iran List of airports in Iran List of the busiest airports in Iran List of airlines of Iran Ahvaz Iran
12.
Kish International Airport
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Kish International Airport is an international airport on Kish Island, Iran. It serves as the point for the hundreds of thousands of tourists who come to Kish Island. The airport grants 14-day visa-free entry foreign citizens who enter from a country under a different scheme from that of mainland Iran. Air France considered Kish as a destination to be served from Paris by a sub-fleet of longhaul Airbus A319s to serve Irans oil, prior to the Iranian Revolution, Iran had an outstanding order for two Concorde aircraft. These aircraft were supposed to be used on Kish-Paris and Kish-London routes to serve the tourism market that Kish was supposed to serve. Iran Civil Aviation Organization Transport in Iran List of airports in Iran List of the busiest airports in Iran List of airlines of Iran Kish Island Iran Kish International Airport
13.
Shiraz International Airport
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Shiraz International Airport is an international airport located in Shiraz, Iran that is the main international airport of Fars province and southern region of Iran. Shiraz International Airport, Also known as Shahid Dastgheib International Airport, is the largest airport in the region of Iran. This airport is able to handle aircraft such as Boeing 777 or Boeing 747. International Terminal or Terminal 2 is used for all scheduled and charter international flights, Also a international terminal is under construction for International flights which due to be built by 2020. After the complete of the new International Terminal the current International Terminals will be used for Hajj flights, data current as of October 2006
14.
Tabriz International Airport
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Tabriz International Airport is an airport that serves Tabriz, Iran. It is the airport of Tabriz. It also serves as a military for IRIAF as Tactical Air Base 2 of IRIAF, on 25 August 2010, Iran Aseman Airlines Flight 773, operated by a Fokker 100, overran the runway on landing. Iran Civil Aviation Organization Transport in Iran List of airports in Iran List of the busiest airports in Iran List of airlines of Iran Tabriz Iran Tabriz International Airport official website
15.
Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport
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Along with Mehrabad International Airport, it is one of the two major commercial airports serving Tehran and the busiest international air passenger gateway to Iran. As of December 2016, it serves international destinations in Asia, all domestic flights in and out of Tehran are currently served by Mehrabad Airport. The airport features one passenger terminal, two runways and several logistics and maintenance facilities. Operated by the Iran Airports Company, its one of the bases of Iran Air, Meraj Airlines, Mahan Air, Iran Aseman Airlines, Qeshm Airlines, Taban Air. Construction of the airport prior to the 1979 Iranian revolution. The original designers were Tippetts-Abbett-McCarthy-Stratton, an American engineering and architectural consulting partnership, a local joint venture was formed between TAMS and local firm Abdol Aziz Farmanfarmaian Associates called TAMS-AFFA, to carry out the full design and supervision of construction. Following the Iranian revolution, however, the project was abandoned until the government of Iran decided to design, french firm ADP was selected to head the local designers and engineering firms. A turnkey design and build contract was awarded to a general contractor company, Kayson Co. to carry out. After two years this contract was abandoned and was awarded to a bonyad, the Mostazafan Foundation, the original opening was scheduled for 11 February 2004, the onset of the auspicious Ten-Day Dawn celebrations, marking the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution. Just prior to the opening on 8 May, two local airlines refused to switch to the new airport, economic Hayat-e No daily quoted Ali Abedzadeh, director of semi-privately-owned Iran Aseman Airlines, as saying We are not flying from an airport run by foreigners. TAV officials were ordered to withdraw their personnel and equipment from the airport on 7 May 2004, I think they were given false reports that the Turks were still on the site, while they had all evacuated the airport by Friday, airport manager Hossein Pirouzi said. Only one Emirates flight from Dubai was allowed to land, the rest of the flights were diverted to Mehrabad. In 2016, as a result of worsening ties between Saudi Arabia and Iran, all Hajj flights from Iran were terminated, rendering IKA the only gateway to Tehran. In 2013, the airport handled 4.756 million passengers and this made it the eleventh busiest airport by international passenger traffic in the Middle East. The airport handled 98,904 tonnes of cargo in 2013, the total number of commercial aircraft movements was 36,827 in 2013. Subsequent to the lifting of nuclear-related sanctions in mid January 2016, on 21 June 2016, Central Asian airlines including Uzbekistan Airways and Air Astana started IKA-bound flights too. Furthermore, various airlines including British Airways, KLM, China Southern Airlines, Lufthansa. IKIAs first active terminal has an annual handling capacity of 6.5 million passengers and 120,000 tonnes of cargo
16.
Al Najaf International Airport
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Al Najaf International Airport is the airport serving Najaf, Iraq, and is located on the eastern side of the city. Formerly a military airbase, the facility consists of one asphalt runway 3,000 metres long and 45 metres wide, the airport is expanding to provide four departure gates, two arrival gates, immigration and passenger services. On 20 July 2008 the Najaf Authorities hosted the opening attended by the Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri Al-Maliki who stepped out of the first official plane. Currently Aqeeq Aviation Holding a subsidiary of Al-Aqeelah Holding is overseeing this, since 2009, more airlines have begun service to Najaf, including Gulf Air, Middle East Airlines, Qatar Airways, Syrian Air and Turkish Airlines
17.
Sulaimaniyah International Airport
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Sulaimaniyah International Airport is an airport 15 kilometers outside the city of Sulaimaniyah, in Iraqi Kurdistan. The airport has facilities for cargo and passengers. Sulaimaniyah International Airport has three terminals, for departures, arrivals and VIPs, the construction of the airport began in November 2003, and it was inaugurated in July 2005. Duhok International Airport Erbil International Airport Sulaimaniyah International Airport Airport information for ORSU at World Aero Data, Data current as of October 2006. Source, DAFIF. Airport information for ISU at Great Circle Mapper, accident history for ISU at Aviation Safety Network
18.
Boeing 737 Classic
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The Boeing 737 Classic is the -300/-400/-500 series of the Boeing 737, so named following the introduction of the -600/-700/-800/-900 series. They are short- to medium-range, narrow-body jet airliners produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, the Classic series was introduced as the new generation of the 737. Produced from 1984 to 2000,1,988 aircraft were delivered, development began in 1979, and in 1980 preliminary aircraft specifications were released at the Farnborough Airshow. In March 1981, USAir and Southwest Airlines each ordered 10 aircraft, the wing incorporated a number of changes for improved aerodynamics. The wing tip was extended 9 inches, the leading-edge slats and trailing-edge flaps were adjusted. The flight deck was improved with the optional EFIS, and the passenger cabin incorporated improvements similar to those on the Boeing 757, Boeing selected the CFM56-3 to exclusively power the 737-300 variant. The 737 wings were closer to the ground than previous applications for the CFM56, the overall thrust was also reduced, from 24,000 to 20,000 lbf, mostly due to the reduction in bypass ratio. The prototype of the -300 rolled out of the Renton plant on January 17,1984, after it received its flight certification on November 14,1984, USAir received the first aircraft on November 28. A very popular aircraft, Boeing received 252 orders for it in 1985, the 300 series remained in production until 1999 when the last aircraft was delivered to Air New Zealand on December 17,1999, registration ZK-NGJ. The 737-300 can be retrofitted with Aviation Partners Boeing winglets, the 737-300 retrofitted with winglets is designated the -300SP. Used passenger -300 aircraft have also converted to freighter versions. The 737-300 has been replaced by the 737-700 in the Boeing 737 Next Generation family, the 737-400 design was launched in 1985 to fill the gap between the 737-300 and the 757-200, and competed with the Airbus A320 and McDonnell Douglas MD-80. It stretched the 737-300 another 10 ft to carry up to 188 passengers and it included a tail bumper to prevent tailscrapes during take-off, and a strengthened wing spar. The prototype rolled out on January 26,1988, and flew for the first time on 19 February 1988, the aircraft entered service on September 15,1988, with launch customer Piedmont Airlines. The 737-400F was not a model delivered by Boeing, but a 737-400 converted to freighter, the Boeing 737-400 never included winglets as an option, just like the Boeing 737-600. Alaska Airlines was the first to one of their 400s from regular service to an aircraft with the ability to handle ten pallets. The airline has also converted five more into fixed combi aircraft for half passenger and these 737-400 Combi aircraft are now in service. The 737-400 was replaced by the 737-800 in the Boeing 737 Next Generation family, the fuselage length of the -500 is 1 ft 7 in longer than the 737-200, accommodating up to 140 passengers
19.
Boeing 747
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The Boeing 747 is an American wide-body commercial jet airliner and cargo aircraft, often referred to by its original nickname, Jumbo Jet. Its distinctive hump upper deck along the part of the aircraft makes it among the worlds most recognizable aircraft. First flown commercially in 1970, the 747 held the passenger capacity record for 37 years, as of January 2017, the 747 has been involved in 60 hull losses, resulting in 3722 fatalities. The four-engine 747 uses a configuration for part of its length. It is available in passenger, freighter and other versions, the 747 was expected to become obsolete after 400 were sold, but it exceeded critics expectations with production passing the 1,000 mark in 1993. By February 2017,1,528 aircraft had been built, the 747-400, the most common passenger version in service, has a high-subsonic cruise speed of Mach 0. 85–0.855 with an intercontinental range of 7,260 nautical miles. The newest version of the aircraft, the 747-8, is in production, deliveries of the 747-8F freighter version began in October 2011, deliveries of the 747-8I passenger version began in May 2012. In 1963, the United States Air Force started a series of projects on a very large strategic transport aircraft. The payload bay had to be 17 feet wide by 13.5 feet high and 100 feet long with access doors at the front. Featuring only four engines, the design required new engine designs with greatly increased power and better fuel economy. After a downselect, Boeing, Douglas, and Lockheed were given study contracts for the airframe, along with General Electric. All three of the airframe proposals shared a number of features, as the CX-HLS needed to be able to be loaded from the front, a door had to be included where the cockpit usually was. In 1965 Lockheeds aircraft design and General Electrics engine design were selected for the new C-5 Galaxy transport, the nose door and raised cockpit concepts would be carried over to the design of the 747. The 747 was conceived while air travel was increasing in the 1960s, the era of commercial jet transportation, led by the enormous popularity of the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8, had revolutionized long-distance travel. In 1965, Joe Sutter was transferred from Boeings 737 development team to manage the design studies for a new airliner, Sutter initiated a design study with Pan Am and other airlines, to better understand their requirements. At the time, it was thought that the 747 would eventually be superseded by supersonic transport aircraft. Boeing responded by designing the 747 so that it could be adapted easily to carry freight, in the freighter role, the clear need was to support the containerized shipping methodologies that were being widely introduced at about the same time. Standard containers are 8 ft square at the front and available in 20 and 40 ft lengths and this meant that it would be possible to support a 2-wide 2-high stack of containers two or three ranks deep with a fuselage size similar to the earlier CX-HLS project
20.
Khors Air
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Khors Air is an airline based in Kiev, Ukraine, operating mainly charter flights within Ukraine, to Europe and the Middle East out of the Kyiv International Airport. The airline was founded and started operations in 1990 using Ilyushin Il-76, Yakovlev Yak-40, Antonov An-24 and Antonov An-26 aircraft, in 1992 an Antonov An-12 was purchased. In 2000 Khors Air replaced its fleet of Soviet aircraft with American-built McDonnell Douglas DC-9-51 aircraft. In 2005 a Kiev to Dubai, Male and Jakarta service was started using a Boeing 757-200ER aircraft, as of March 2013, Khors Air offers weekly scheduled domestic flights between Kiev-Zhuliany and Ivano-Frankivsk. As of 2013 Khors Air also operates flights between Athens and Kiev-Zhuliany. The flight number for this route are KO4312 and KO4311, most flights operated by the airline are non-scheduled charter flights. As of November 2015, the Khors Air fleet consists of the aircraft with an average age of 26.6 years
21.
Caspian Airlines Flight 7908
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All 153 passengers and 15 crew on board died. The crash was the deadliest aviation accident in Iran since the 2003 crash of a military-operated Ilyushin Il-76 and it was the second-deadliest aviation incident in 2009 behind Air France Flight 447. The aircraft was a Tupolev Tu-154M built in 1987 and operated by Irans Caspian Airlines, the crashed aircraft was registration EP-CPG, an aircraft which entered service on 20 April 1987 as YA-TAR for Bakhtar Afghan Airlines and was sold to Ariana Afghan Airlines in 1988. YA-TAR served with Ariana Afghan until sold to Caspian Airlines on 15 March 1998,11 years after it was built and it was re-registered as EP-CPG in 1999. The aircraft was checked for safety in June 2009 and was given flight licence until 2010 and this was also stated by an Armenian aviation official, saying that the plane had gone through technical control in Mineralnye Vody Airport in southern Russia in June. The aircraft crashed at 11,33 Iran Daylight Time,16 minutes after take-off from Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport, according to authorities, the aircrafts tail suddenly caught on fire. The pilot circled, trying to find a spot to land. The aircraft was destroyed after it crashed into an agricultural field, an eye witness who claims to have been within 300 metres of the crash-site described the event as if the plane just fell out of the sky. Three hours after the crash, fires over a 200 square metres area still remained, a witness told Fars News Agency, The aircrafts cockpit voice recorder and flight data recorder were found on 16 July. However, one of the boxes was reported by Chief Investigator Ahmad Majidi to be damaged. Although they are damaged, it is hoped that they yield sufficient information to determine the cause of the crash. It is reported that 38 of the 168 passengers were Iranian nationals,40 passengers were citizens of Armenia. There were also two Georgians on board, two Canadians, and two dual-national Iranian Australians, there were also two dual national Iranian-Americans. The founder of rehabilitation and father of science in Iran. Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan signed a decree on 15 July 2009 declaring the day a Day of Mourning in the Republic of Armenia. Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan announced on 15 July that a commission had been set up to investigate the crash. It would be headed by Vice Prime Minister Armen Gevorgyan, Iranian officials blamed the crash on technical reasons. It was claimed that the reason of the accident was an engine failure and destruction due to a bird strike
22.
Yerevan
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Yerevan is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the worlds oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural and it has been the capital since 1918, the thirteenth in the history of Armenia, and the seventh located in or around the Ararat plain. The history of Yerevan dates back to the 8th century BC, Erebuni was designed as a great administrative and religious centre, a fully royal capital. During the centuries long Iranian rule over Eastern Armenia that lasted from the early 16th century up to 1828, in 1828, it became part of Imperial Russia alongside the rest of Eastern Armenia which conquered it from Iran through the Russo-Persian War between 1826 and 1828. After World War I, Yerevan became the capital of the First Republic of Armenia as thousands of survivors of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire settled in the area, the city expanded rapidly during the 20th century as Armenia became part of the Soviet Union. As of 2011, the population of Yerevan was 1,060,138, according to the official estimate of 2016, the current population of the city is 1,073,700. Yerevan was named the 2012 World Book Capital by UNESCO, Yerevan is an associate member of Eurocities. One theory regarding the origin of Yerevans name is the city was named after the Armenian king, Yervand IV, the last leader of the Orontid Dynasty, and founder of the city of Yervandashat. However, it is likely that the name is derived from the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni. As elements of the Urartian language blended with that of the Armenian one, while looking in the direction of Yerevan, after the ark had landed on Mount Ararat and the flood waters had receded, Noah is believed to have exclaimed, Yerevats. In the late medieval and early periods, when Yerevan was under Turkic and later Persian rule. This name is widely used by Azerbaijanis. The city was known as Erivan under Russian rule during the 19th. The city was renamed back to Yerevan in 1936, up until the mid-1970s the citys name was spelled Erevan, more often than Yerevan, in English sources. The principal symbol of Yerevan is Mount Ararat, which is visible from any area in the capital, the seal of the city is a crowned lion on a pedestal with the inscription Yerevan. The lions head is turned backwards while it holds a scepter using the front leg. The symbol of eternity is on the breast of the lion with a picture of Ararat in the upper part, the emblem is a rectangular shield with a blue border. On 27 September 2004, Yerevan adopted an anthem, Erebuni-Yerevan, written by Paruyr Sevak and it was selected in a competition for a new anthem and new flag that would best represent the city
23.
Qazvin
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Qazvin is the largest city and capital of the Province of Qazvin in Iran. Qazvin was an ancient capital in the Persian Empire and nowadays is known as the capital of Iran. It is famous for its Baghlava, carpet patterns, poets, political newspaper, at the 2011 census, its population was 381,598. Located in 150 km northwest of Tehran, in the Qazvin Province, the climate is cold but dry, due to its position south of the rugged Alborz range called KTS Atabakiya. The city was a capital of the Persian Empire under Safavids in 1548-1598 and it is a provincial capital today that has been an important cultural center throughout history. Archeological findings in the Qazvin plain reveal urban agricultural settlements for at least nine millennia, Qazvin geographically connects Tehran, Isfahan, and the Persian Gulf to the Caspian seacoast and Asia Minor, hence its strategic location throughout the ages. The city today known as Qazvin is thought to have founded by Shapur II, King of Persia in 250 CE, under the name Shad Shahpur. Qazvin has sometimes been of importance at major moments of Iranian history. It was captured by invading Arabs and destroyed by Hulagu Khan, after the Ottoman capture of Tabriz, Shah Tahmasp made Qazvin the capital of the Safavid empire, a status that Qazvin retained for half a century until Shah Abbas I moved the capital to Isfahan. In the middle of the century the Babi movement had one of its centers here, in the second half of the 19th century Qazvin was one of the centers of Russian presence in northern Iran. A detachment of the Persian Cossack Brigade under Russian officers was stationed here, from 1893 this was the headquarters of the Russian Company for Road construction in Persia which connected Qazvin by roads to Tehran and Hamadan. The company built a hospital and the St. Nicolas Church, in 1920 Qazvin was used as a base for the British Norperforce. The 1921 Persian coup détat that led to the rise of the Pahlavi dynasty was launched from Qazvin and it became a state in 1996. In Autumn 2015 portions of Qazvin were struck by a meteorite, the majority of the people of the city of Qazvin are Persians. The majority language is Persian with a Qazvini accent, azerbaijanis and Tats are the other largest ethnic groups of the city of Qazvin. In the middle of the city lie the ruins of Meimoon Ghaleh, Qazvin contains several buildings from the Safavid era, dating to the period in which it was capital of Persia. Perhaps the most famous of the edifices is the Chehel sotoun, Qazvin. After Islam, the popularity of mystics, as well as the prominence of tradition, religious jurisprudence, and philosophy in Qazvin, led to the emergence of many mosques and religious schools
24.
Iran
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Iran, also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a sovereign state in Western Asia. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East, with 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the worlds 17th-most-populous country. It is the country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The countrys central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, Tehran is the countrys capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is the site of to one of the worlds oldest civilizations, the area was first unified by the Iranian Medes in 625 BC, who became the dominant cultural and political power in the region. The empire collapsed in 330 BC following the conquests of Alexander the Great, under the Sassanid Dynasty, Iran again became one of the leading powers in the world for the next four centuries. Beginning in 633 AD, Arabs conquered Iran and largely displaced the indigenous faiths of Manichaeism and Zoroastrianism by Islam, Iran became a major contributor to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential scientists, scholars, artists, and thinkers. During the 18th century, Iran reached its greatest territorial extent since the Sassanid Empire, through the late 18th and 19th centuries, a series of conflicts with Russia led to significant territorial losses and the erosion of sovereignty. Popular unrest culminated in the Persian Constitutional Revolution of 1906, which established a monarchy and the countrys first legislative body. Following a coup instigated by the U. K. Growing dissent against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution, Irans rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 21 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and 11th-largest in the world. Iran is a member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC. Its political system is based on the 1979 Constitution which combines elements of a democracy with a theocracy governed by Islamic jurists under the concept of a Supreme Leadership. A multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, most inhabitants are Shia Muslims, the largest ethnic groups in Iran are the Persians, Azeris, Kurds and Lurs. Historically, Iran has been referred to as Persia by the West, due mainly to the writings of Greek historians who called Iran Persis, meaning land of the Persians. As the most extensive interactions the Ancient Greeks had with any outsider was with the Persians, however, Persis was originally referred to a region settled by Persians in the west shore of Lake Urmia, in the 9th century BC. The settlement was then shifted to the end of the Zagros Mountains. In 1935, Reza Shah requested the international community to refer to the country by its native name, opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably
25.
ATA Airlines (Iran)
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ATA Airlines is an Iranian airline based in Tabriz International Airport. It operates scheduled domestic and international services in the Middle East, the airline was established on 17 December 2008 and started scheduled operations in 2010 with services on domestic routes. Its first flight was performed on 31 December 2009 from Tabriz to Mashhad, the airlines name translates to father in Turkish and Azeri languages
26.
Iran Air
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Iran Air, branded as The Airline of the Islamic Republic of Iran, is the flag carrier airline of Iran. Its main bases are the Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport for international flights and it is headquartered on the grounds of Mehrabad Airport in Tehran. The airline has a subsidiary for cargo services, called Iran Air Cargo, Iran Air transports 6 million passengers annually. Iran Air is also referred to by its pre-revolution Persian acronym, Homa, Iranian Airways was founded in May 1944 by Reza Afshar and Gholam Ebtehaj. Post-war, its first passenger flight was from Tehran to Mashhad, in 1946 the airline established service to Cairo, Baghdad and Tel Aviv, and in April 1947, to Paris. Between 1945 and 1962, the became a major domestic carrier. The fleet consisted of Douglas DC-3s initially, supplemented by Douglas DC-4, in 1954, the privately owned airline Persian Air Services was established. PAS initially operated only freight services, followed by passenger operations between Tehran and other cities in Iran. In 1960, PAS initiated passenger service to several European destinations, including Geneva, Paris, Brussels and London, using Boeing 707, Iranian Airways was nationalized in 1961. On 24 February 1962, Iranian Airways and PAS merged to form the Iran National Airlines Corporation, known as Iran Air, HOMA was a public sector venture that combined the two predecessor air carriers. Among the aircraft used were Avro Yorks, Douglas DC-3s, Douglas DC-6s, the carrier became a full member of the International Air Transport Association in 1964. It was the first airline to operate the Boeing 747SP, by the mid-1970s, Iran Air was serving cities in Europe with non-stop and one-stop flights, including over 30 flights a week to London alone. On 29 May 1971, the Tehran to New York City route was inaugurated, shortly thereafter, the route was upgraded to a non-stop flight using Boeing 747SPs, making Iran Air the second Middle Eastern carrier, to offer non-stop service to New York. With this flight, Iran Air set a new record in time and distance for a non-stop. In 1978, the airline acquired six Airbus A300 aircraft for use on its domestic trunk, by the end of that year, Iran Air was serving 31 international destinations stretching from New York City to Beijing and Tokyo. Plans were made to direct services to Los Angeles and to Sydney. This would have allowed Iran Air to use Tehran as a point between East and West, because of its favorable geographical location. By the late 1970s, Iran Air was the fastest growing airline in the world, by 1976, Iran Air was ranked second only to Qantas, as the world’s safest airline, having been accident free for at least ten consecutive years
27.
Iran Air Tours
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Iran Air Tours is an airline based in Tehran, Iran. The airline mainly operates under the English name Iran Airtour as written in Persian and this error is due to confusion between different pluralization rules in English and Persian. The airline was established in 1973 by Iran Air and started scheduled operations in the early 1990s with services for its domestic tours division, for a brief period, the Yakovlev Yak-42D was also operated. The airline was the customer for Iranian-assembled version of the Ukrainian-designed Antonov 140 turboprop. Due to unpublicized reasons, the carrier did not accept deliveries of the type, Iran Air Tours was also to have received several Tupolev Tu-204SM aircraft. As of April 2014, these aircraft had not been delivered due to the United States economic embargo against Iran, with the February,2011 grounding of all Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft in Iran, Iran Air Tours was faced with loss of its primary type. A number of used McDonnell Douglas MD-80 series aircraft were brought online, for a brief period in 2006-2007, two Airbus 300 aircraft were operated but these were transferred to the parent Iran Air. Two Airbus A320-200s were also operated for a few months in 2012, two Boeing 737 Classics were added to the fleet in 2016. The collision killed 133 people – both pilots of the Su-24 and all 12 crew members and 119 passengers on board the Tu-154. 12 February 2002 Flight 956, a Tupolev Tu-154M, crashed into the Sefid Kooh mountains during heavy rain, snow, all 12 crew members and 107 passengers were killed. List of airlines of Iran Media related to Iran Airtour at Wikimedia Commons Iran Air Tours official website Iran Air Tours Fleet list Iran Air Tours photos Iran Iranian Tour & Travel Agency
28.
Iran Aseman Airlines
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Iran Aseman Airlines is an Iranian airlines based in Tehran, Iran, that operates scheduled domestic and international flights. In March 2007, it was owned by Iranian Civil Pension Fund Investment Company and had 298 employees. In July 2016, the CEO of the airline was issued an arrest warrant because of a sum of approximately $37 million in public debts to Iran Airports & Air Navigation Company. As of March April 2017, Iran Aseman Airlines operates the following fleet, In February 2017, on April 4,2017, the airline signed a Memorandum of Agreement with Boeing for the purchase of 30 Boeing 737 MAX aircraft with options for another 30 aircraft. If the order is firmed, deliveries will begin in 2022, on 4 October 1990, an Iran Aseman Fokker F27 Friendship overran the runway upon landing at Ramsar Airport, Iran and came to rest at a concrete wall 100 metres behind the runway. There were no fatalities amongst the 46 passengers and 4 crew members on board, the aircraft spiralled into an uncontrolled descent and crashed near Natanz, killing all 59 passengers and 7 crew members on board. A successful go-around was executed, and there were no injuries amongst the 84 passengers and 4 crew members on board, two out of the 103 passengers on board were injured, while none of the 7 crew members were hurt. On 10 May 2014, a Fokker 100, was damaged in an accident at Zahedan Airport. The airplane operated flight 853 from Mashhad Airport, according to local media the left hand main undercarriage failed to extend or lock prior to landing. A forced landing was carried out on runway 35, the airplane swerved to the left and came to rest 1450 meters past the runway 35 threshold and 23 meters to the left of the centreline
29.
Karun Airlines
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Iranian Naft Airlines is a charter airline based in Ahvaz, Iran. It operates cargo and passenger charter and scheduled services within Iran and its main bases are Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran and Ahwaz International Airport, Ahwaz. The airline was established and started operations in 1992, in 2004 it officially became known as Iranian Naft Airline. Owned and operated by the Retirement Organization of National Iranian Oil Company, it has more than 600 employees
30.
Kish Air
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Kish Airlines is an airline operating from Kish Island, Iran. It operates international, domestic and charter services as a scheduled carrier and its main base is Mehrabad International Airport, Tehran. The airline was established on December 16,1989 and started operations in 1989 and it is owned by Kish Free Zone Organisation, Kish Investment and Development and Kish Development and Servicing. To start its operations, after receiving temporary operations permission. At this time the company began wet leasing three Tupolev Tu-154Ms from Russian leasing companies, returning the previously leased Bulgarian aircraft, the company also wet leased two Yakovlev Yak-42D aircraft from Russia. Towards the end of 1992 the company was at the verge of bankruptcy, at present Kish Air is also operating a fleet of medium range MD-80 series aircraft and short range Fokker 100 on its domestic and international routes. On 10 February 2004, Kish Air Flight 7170, operated by a Fokker 50 Mk.050, the cause was that the propellors were put into reverse pitch while the aircraft was in flight. List of airlines of Iran Kish Air Fleet list Kish Air photos
31.
Mahan Air
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Mahan Airlines, operating under the name Mahan Air is a private airline based in Tehran, Iran. It operates scheduled services and international flights to the Far East, Middle East, Central Asia. Its main home bases are Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport and Mehrabad International Airport, the U. S. Mahan Air as a Full-Service Carrier, was established in 1991 and began operations in June 1992 as Irans first private airline. The name of Mahan is taken from city of Mahan in Kerman Province. The Airline joined the IATA in 2001 and is owned by Mol-Al-Movahedin Charity Institute, three Airbus A300B4 passenger aircraft were acquired in 1999 and later in 2002 A310 and A320 types joined the fleet. According to the British High Court, three 747-400s were unlawfully taken by Mahan Air from their owners, Blue Sky Airlines, in 2008. It operates scheduled services to international destinations in Europe, Far East. Mahan Air has a domestic route network too. The airline commenced Copenhagen and Paris services in the first half of 2016, on 6 April 2016 Mahan Air was banned from flying over Saudi Arabian airspace. On 12 December 2011, the U. S, based in Tehran, Mahan Air provides transportation, funds transfers and personnel travel services to the IRGC-QF. Emanuele Ottolenghi, senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, Ottolenghi observed that although the U. S. Nearly five years into Syria’s civil war, Mahan continues to offer the IRGC steady logistical support. In May 2016, Representative Brad Sherman and two other members of U. S. Congress wrote David OSullivan, the EU ambassador to the U. S. Mahan Air is headquartered in Tehran. Its current slogan is The Spirit of Excellence, Mahan Air loyalty programme, called the Mahan Club Mahan & Miles, includes access to special lounges and dedicated fast queues
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Meraj Airlines
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Meraj Airlines is an Iranian privately owned airline that is based at Tehrans Mehrabad Airport and Imam Khomeini International Airport. Meraj Airlines, unlike most other Iranian airlines, is subject to sanctions by both the European Union and the United States. Introduced in 2015, Sleeper seating is available on 2-class Airbus A300-600 aircraft, each seat converts to a 2-metre bed. Arriving passengers have the option of using Merajs First Class arrival facilities, the original Business Class features angled lie flat seats with 150 degrees of recline. Passengers are also offered the use of Merajs airport lounge facilities, introduced on Airbus A320s, Merajs Premium Economy is being rolled out on all short-haul aircraft. It offers Economy + seating with space, comfort and better services. Passengers receive meals, as well as free drinks, meraj airline passengers can use the main screen entertainment fitted in the cabin to watch a variety of different programs including comedy clips, documentaries and sporting events
Media related to Caspian Airlines at Wikimedia Commons
