There has been Catholic education in the Diocese of Parramatta since the first catholic school was established in the Parramatta area in 1820. There are 80 Catholic systemic schools in the diocese with a total student population of around 43,000 and a staff population of around 5,000. There are also six non-systemic or congregational (independent) Catholic schools.

The Diocese of Parramatta is a suffragan Latin Church diocese of the Archdiocese of Sydney, established in 1986.