1.
Norway Rock Festival
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Norway Rock Festival, formerly known as Kvinesdal Rock Festival, was a rock and metal festival held annually in Kvinesdal, Norway since 2006. The 2007 edition took place on July 12 – July 15, at the 2008 festival, two people were found dead near to a bus. Initial reports suspect carbon monoxide poisoning as being the cause of death, the 2009 edition took place July 9 – July 12. The 2010 edition took place on July 7 - July 11, headlining, Alice Cooper, Volbeat, In Flames Other performing acts, Black Label Society The Darkness Edguy U. D. O. D. O. A. S. P. Testament Mustasch K Thunderbolt Backyard Babies Doro U. D. O
2.
Phoenix, Arizona
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Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of the U. S. state of Arizona. Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, the metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people as of 2010. Settled in 1867 as a community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers. Located in the reaches of the Sonoran Desert, Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate. Despite this, its canal system led to a farming community, many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades, such as alfalfa, cotton, citrus. The city averaged a four percent annual growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s. This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007–09, and has rebounded slowly, Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun, as well as the entire state. For more than 2,000 years, the Hohokam people occupied the land that would become Phoenix, the Hohokam created roughly 135 miles of irrigation canals, making the desert land arable. Paths of these canals would later used for the modern Arizona Canal, Central Arizona Project Canal. The Hohokam also carried out trade with the nearby Anasazi, Mogollon and Sinagua. It is believed that between 1300 and 1450, periods of drought and severe floods led to the Hohokam civilizations abandonment of the area. After the departure of the Hohokam, groups of Akimel Oodham, Tohono Oodham and Maricopa tribes began to use the area, as well as segments of the Yavapai and Apache. The Oodham were offshoots of the Sobaipuri tribe, who in turn were thought to be the descendants of the formerly urbanized Hohokam and their crops included corn, beans, and squash for food, while cotton and tobacco were also cultivated. Mostly a peaceful group, they did together with the Maricopa for their mutual protection against incursions by both the Yuma and Apache tribes. The Tohono Oodham lived in the region as well, but their concentration was to the south. Living in small settlements, the Oodham were seasonal farmers who took advantage of the rains and they also hunted local game such as deer, rabbit, and javalina for meat. When the Mexican–American War ended in 1848, Mexico ceded its northern zone to the United States, the Phoenix area became part of the New Mexico Territory. In 1863 the mining town of Wickenburg was the first to be established in what is now Maricopa County, at the time Maricopa County had not yet been incorporated, the land was within Yavapai County, which included the major town of Prescott to the north of Wickenburg
3.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
4.
Thrash metal
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Thrash metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music characterized by its fast tempo and overall aggression. The songs usually use fast percussive beats and low-register guitar riffs, the lyrics often deal with social issues and reproach for The Establishment, using direct and denunciatory language, an approach borrowed from hardcore punk. The genre evolved in the early 1980s from combining the fast drum beats and attitude of hardcore with the double bass drumming, heavy and complex guitar style of the new wave of British heavy metal. It emerged partially as a reaction to the conventional and widely acceptable glam metal. Thrash metal was an inspiration for subsequent extreme genres such as death metal, Four American bands—Anthrax, Megadeth, Metallica, and Slayer—are credited with pioneering and popularizing the genre. The Clash of the Titans tour, which featured Megadeth, Slayer, thrash metal has seen a resurgence in recent times, with many of the older bands returning to their roots with their new releases. A new generation of metal bands emerged in the early 2000s. Thrash metal generally features fast tempos, low-register, complex riffs, high-register guitar solos. The genre evolved in the early 1980s from combining the drum beats of hardcore punk with the style of the new wave of British heavy metal. It emerged partially as a reaction to the conventional and widely acceptable glam metal. The rhythm guitar parts are played with distortion and often palm muted to create a tighter. Vocally, thrash metal can employ anything from singing to shouted vocals. The guitar riffs often use chromatic scales and emphasize the tritone and diminished intervals, for example, the intro riff of Metallicas Master of Puppets is a chromatic descent, followed by a chromatic ascent based on the tritone. Speed, pacing and time-changes also define thrash metal, thrash tends to have an accelerating feel which may be due in large part to its aggressive drumming style. For example, drummers often use two drums, or a double-bass pedal, in order to create a relentless, driving beat. Cymbal stops/chokes are often used to transition from one riff to another or to precede an acceleration in tempo, to keep up with the other instruments, many bassists use a plectrum. However, some prominent thrash metal bassists have used their fingers, such as Frank Bello, Greg Christian, Steve DiGiorgio, Robert Trujillo, several bassists use a distorted bass tone, an approach popularized by Burton and Motörheads Lemmy. Lyrical themes in thrash metal include warfare, corruption, injustice, murder, suicide, isolation, alienation, addiction, in addition, politics, particularly pessimism and dissatisfaction towards politics, are common themes among thrash metal bands
5.
Death metal
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Death metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music. Building from the structure of thrash metal and early black metal. Bands such as Venom, Celtic Frost, Slayer, and Kreator were important influences on the genres creation, Possessed and Death, along with bands such as Obituary, Autopsy and Morbid Angel, are often considered pioneers of the genre. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, death metal gained more attention as popular genre niche record labels like Combat, Earache. Since then, death metal has diversified, spawning several subgenres, melodic death metal combines death metal elements with those of the new wave of British heavy metal. Technical death metal is a style, with uncommon time signatures, atypical rhythms. Death-doom combines the deep growled vocals and double-kick drumming of death metal with the slow tempos, deathgrind, goregrind and pornogrind mix the complexity of death metal with the intensity, speed, and brevity of grindcore. Deathcore combines death metal with metalcore traits, Death n roll combines death metals growled vocals and highly distorted, detuned guitar riffs with elements of 1970s hard rock and heavy metal. English heavy metal band Venom, from Newcastle, crystallized the elements of what became known as thrash metal, death metal and black metal. Their dark, blistering sound, harsh vocals, and macabre, another highly influential band, Slayer, formed in 1981. Although the band was a metal act, Slayers music was more violent than their thrash contemporaries Metallica, Megadeth. Their breakneck speed and instrumental prowess combined with lyrics about death, violence, war, according to AllMusic, their third album Reign in Blood inspired the entire death metal genre. It had a big impact on the genre such as Death, Obituary. While attributed as having a Slayer influence, current and former members of the band had actually cited Venom and Motörhead, as well as work by Exodus. Possessed arguably did more to further the cause of Death Metal than any of the acts on the scene back in the mid-late 80s. During the same period as the dawn of Possessed, an influential metal band was formed in Florida. Death, originally called Mantas, was formed in 1983 by Chuck Schuldiner, Kam Lee, in 1984 they released their first demo entitled Death by Metal, followed by several more. The tapes circulated through the tape trader world, quickly establishing the bands name, with Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene
6.
Roadrunner Records
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Roadrunner Records is a major record label that concentrates primarily on heavy metal and hard rock bands. It is a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City, the label was launched in 1980 in the Netherlands. Roadrunners initial business was importing North American metal-band recordings into Europe, in 1986, Roadrunner opened its US headquarters in New York City and later opened offices in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Australia, Denmark, Russia and the latest in Canada. Early successes included albums from King Diamond and Annihilator, the label also handled early Metallica releases in the Scandinavian region. The end of the 1980s saw the release of two albums that are now considered classics of their genres, Obituarys Slowly We Rot. The 1990s saw the arrival of such as Life of Agony, Machine Head, Suffocation, Type O Negative. As the 1990s wore on, several of Roadrunners bands managed to make an impact on the mainstream, most notably Sepultura, Sepulturas 1993 album, Chaos A. D. became the first Roadrunner band to crack the Top 40 on the Billboard album chart. Type O Negative became the first Roadrunner band to receive a certification from the RIAA, this was a Gold award for the 1993 album Bloody Kisses, the band also became the first Roadrunner band to receive radio play. In 2000, Slipknot became the first Roadrunner band to go Platinum, nickelback were also very successful on the label. Derek Shulman ran the label in the late 90s, beginning in 2001, Roadrunner was distributed by the Universal Music Group through a share of the label owned by The Island Def Jam Music Group. On December 18,2006, Warner Music Group signed an agreement to purchase a majority in shares of Roadrunner Records parent company and this deal became finalized on January 29,2007 after receiving regulatory approval in Germany. On June 11,2008, Roadrunner Records was voted as the Best Metal Label by Metal Hammer at their Golden Gods Awards, the award was accepted by Sharon Den Adel and Ruud Jolie of Within Temptation, one of Roadrunners biggest acts. However, Roadrunner has also accused of being a label only interested in current or trendy alternative music, reflected by their roster of mainly popular. One of the earliest names on the label, King Diamond, left the label due to alleged lack of support for the 1990 King Diamond release. In 2008, punk cabaret chanteuse Amanda Palmer was told by the label that wanted to re-edit her video for Leeds United to make her look slimmer. On April 6,2010, Palmer announced on her Twitter account that Roadrunner had dropped her, the most recent complaints about Roadrunner have come from one of the labels biggest bands Megadeth. Roadrunner Records was significantly affected by Warner Music Groups legal dispute against YouTube, most of the videos on their channel, however, are still viewable. There is even a disclaimer talking about Warners dispute right on the channel, on November 11,2010, Warner Music Group announced they had acquired the remaining of Roadrunners stock
7.
Sepultura
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Sepultura is a Brazilian heavy metal band from Belo Horizonte. Sepultura has had changes in its lineup since its formation, with Max and Igor Cavalera departing in 1996 and 2006. Sepulturas current lineup consists of vocalist Derrick Green, guitarist Andreas Kisser, bassist Paulo Jr. since Igor Cavaleras departure in 2006, there have been no original members left in the band. Paulo Jr. who has been a member of Sepultura since 1985, is the member to appear on every release. Kisser, who replaced Jairo Guedz in 1987, has played on all of the studio albums. Sepultura has released fourteen studio albums to date, the latest being Machine Messiah and their most successful records are Arise, Chaos A. D. and Roots. Sepultura was formed in 1984 in Belo Horizonte, the city of Minas Gerais. Gracilianos death deeply affected his sons, inspiring them to form a band after Max heard the album Black Sabbath Vol.4 the very same day. They chose the band name Sepultura, the Portuguese word for grave and they would travel to a record shop in São Paulo that mixed tapes of the latest records by American bands. Their listening habits changed dramatically after being introduced to Venom, as Igor Cavalera put it, The Cavalera brothers started listening to bands such as Hellhammer/Celtic Frost, Kreator, Sodom, Megadeth, Exodus and Exciter. They also had influences on Brazilian metal from bands like Stress, Sagrado Inferno, by 1984, they had dropped out of school. After his departure, Max took over the vocal duties, Jairo Guedes was invited to join the band as lead guitarist. After about a year of performing, Sepultura signed to Cogumelo Records in 1985, later that year, they released Bestial Devastation, a shared EP with fellow Brazilian band Overdose. It was self-produced and recorded in just two days, the band recorded their first full-length album, Morbid Visions, in August 1986. It contained their first hit, Troops of Doom, which gained media attention. The band then decided to relocate to the city of São Paulo. In early 1987, Jairo Guedes quit the band, Guedes was replaced by São Paulo-based guitarist Andreas Kisser, and they released their second studio album, Schizophrenia, in 1987. The album reflected a change towards a more thrash metal-oriented sound
8.
Soulfly
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Soulfly is a heavy metal band formed in 1997 and based in Phoenix, Arizona. The original lyrical content revolved around spirituality, political and religious themes, with later albums encompassing other themes including war, violence, aggression, slavery, hatred and anger. Soulfly is led by former Sepultura frontman Max Cavalera, who formed the band after he left the Brazilian group in 1996, to date the band has released ten studio albums, one tour EP, twenty-three singles, one video album, and twelve music videos. All of their first six studio albums debuted on the United States Billboard 200, with a position at number 32 for their second album. Soulfly has been certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America, the band has gone through numerous line-up changes, with Cavalera being the only constant member. Cavalera was troubled during the recording of Soulflys first album, and on the website he said that he founded the band with the idea of combined sounds. As well as leaving Sepultura, one of the worlds most renowned thrash/groove metal bands, he had to deal with the death of his stepson, the self-titled debut album was released in April 1998, and reached number 79 on the Billboard 200. In addition to the band, which at the time consisted of Lúcio Maia on guitar, Cello Dias on bass. The album was recorded at Indigo Ranch Studios in Malibu, California and was overseen by producer Ross Robinson, in addition to fronting Soulfly, Cavalera also branched out into other areas not usually associated with heavy metal musicians. He became a speaker at conventions, appearing at CMJs New Music Marathon in New York and Hollands Crossing Border Festival. After recording the first album, Jackson Bandeira returned to Brazil with Nação Zumbi and was replaced by Logan Mader of Machine Head for the tour that followed. Soulfly played on the 1998 Ozzfest mainstage alongside Ozzy Osbourne, Megadeth, and Tool, after the world tour in support of Soulfly, Logan Mader was replaced by Mikey Doling who had just been displaced by the breakup of Snot. Joe Nunez, from Chicago, replaced Roy Mayorga on drums for Primitive, in addition, artwork was created by longtime Bob Marley artist Neville Garrick. The release of the album was followed by tours with the likes of Pantera, Morbid Angel. In late 2001, Joe Nunez left Soulfly to join Stripping the Pistol, Roy Mayorga departed from his band Medication to rejoin Soulfly for the recording of their third album. 3 was the first Soulfly album which was produced by Max Cavalera, other musicians performing on 3 included Cristian Machado of Ill Niño, and guitarist Wiley Arnet and drummer Greg Hall, and Maxs stepson Richie Cavalera. The album reached number 46 on the Billboard 200 in that year, after the release of 3 on June 25,2002, Soulfly toured throughout Europe and North America with bands such as Slayer, In Flames, God Forbid, and Will Haven. Cavalera recruited a new lineup in October 2003 for the recording of Soulflys Prophecy album, Joe Nunez returned on drums with New Jersey native Marc Rizzo, formerly of Ill Niño, on guitar and Kentucky native Bobby Burns, formerly of Primer 55, on bass
9.
Killer Be Killed
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The lineup also features Mastodon bassist and co-vocalist Troy Sanders and Converge drummer Ben Koller. The band had slowly been working on material before announcing its name in October 2013, the groups self-titled debut record was released on May 13,2014. Shortly afterwards, The Mars Voltas Dave Elitch and Mastodon bassist Troy Sanders were announced to be part of the project, Converge bassist Nate Newton was originally eyed to be included in the project, but was unable to join, so Cavalera reached out to Sanders instead. Despite not yet having a name, the group entered the Fortress Studio in Los Angeles in September 2013 with producer Josh Wilbur, in October 2013, the band revealed Killer Be Killed as their name and announced that their first album would be released through Nuclear Blast. In March 2014, an announcement confirmed that the debut album would be self-titled, Killer Be Killed. On March 14,2014, two songs from the eponymous debut, Wings of Feather and Wax, and Face Down were made available for streaming. In 2015, it was announced that Elitch left the band because of a dispute between the members and managers and conflict of being in Antemasque as well. Converge drummer Ben Koller filled in for the live debut at Soundwave Festival. Commenting on the process of their first album, Cavalera told Decibel that the record will be politically charged. In a press release, Puciato characterizes the style, Its a bit of Sabbath-y doom, a bit of thrash, a bit of hardcore and punk continuing, Of any of our bands, it sounds the furthest away from mine
10.
Converge (band)
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Converge is an American metalcore band from Massachusetts. Formed in 1990, the group is composed of vocalist Jacob Bannon, guitarist Kurt Ballou, bassist Nate Newton and their style blends hardcore punk with heavy metal, and they are considered pioneers of both metalcore and its subgenre mathcore. According to AllMusic, Converge are regarded as one of the most original, Converge have enjoyed a relatively high level of recognition. Their popularity began to rise with the release of album, Jane Doe. During the recording of Jane Doe, longtime member Aaron Dalbec was asked to leave the group and this reduced Converge to a four-piece line up, which has been intact to the present day. Converges records have become more elaborate and expensive to produce. This progression began with their move from an independent label to a considerably larger one. Special releases have traditionally been handled by Bannons record label, Deathwish Inc, Converge was formed in the winter of 1990 by vocalist Jacob Bannon and guitarist Kurt Ballou, they were later joined by bassist Jeff Feinburg, and drummer Damon Bellorado. They started by playing covers of punk, punk rock. The band soon graduated to playing live performances in 1991, after recording some demos on a 4-track recorder, in 1994 the band became a five piece when Aaron Dalbec was recruited as a second guitarist. Later in 1994 Converge released their album, Halo in a Haystack. The album was released through Earthmaker Records, the album was only released in one format, a vinyl record and was limited to 1000 copies. The album has not been reprinted since its release, the record was funded by Bannon through money he saved up from working at a nursing home. In 1995 Converge released their first compilation album, Caring and Killing, the album featured tracks form the bands early work from the years 1991 to 1994. The album was released as a European exclusive through Lost & Found Records. However, Converge became dissatisfied with the way the label was handling the release, the album was re-released through Hydra Head Records on November 17,1997 in America to make an overpriced release obsolete. In 1996 Converge released a four song EP, Petitioning the Empty Sky, the EP was released through Ferret Music, it was one of the earliest releases through the at the time newly formed label. Later that same year the record was re-released with four new tracks added to it, in early 1997 the bands original bassist, Jeff Feinburg left the band and was replaced with Stephen Brodsky
11.
Stone Sour
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Stone Sour is an American alternative metal band formed in Des Moines, Iowa in 1992, performing for five years, before disbanding in 1997. They reunited in 2000 and since 2006, the group has consisted of Corey Taylor, Josh Rand, longtime members Joel Ekman, Shawn Economaki, and Jim Root left the group in 2006,2011, and 2014 respectively. To date, Stone Sour have released five studio albums Stone Sour, Come What May, Audio Secrecy, House of Gold & Bones – Part 1 and they also released a digital live album, Live in Moscow, in 2007. Their upcoming album, Hydrograd, releases in 2017 and it is their first album to feature guitarist Christian Martucci and bassist Johnny Chow since each joining the band in 2014. Stone Sour earned the group two Grammy Award nominations, both for Best Metal Performance, for the singles Get Inside, in 2003, and Inhale, the album went on to become RIAA certified Gold. In 2006, following the release of Come What May, the group received another Grammy Award nomination for Best Metal Performance for the single 30/30-150, Stone Sour was founded by Corey Taylor, who eventually became the vocalist of Slipknot, and former drummer Joel Ekman. Taylors longtime friend Shawn Economaki joined shortly after, and filled in as the bass player, during these formative years, Stone Sour recorded two demo tapes, in 1993 and 1994. Shortly after, in 1995, Jim Root, who is now part of Slipknot with Taylor, the group was complete, and in 1996, it recorded another demo tape, songs from which would later be used in 2002 on their self-titled debut album, Stone Sour. The band was named after a drink that consists of one part whiskey, one part orange juice. In 1997, the band went on hiatus, during which Taylor and Root spent most of their time with Slipknot, Root actually did not join the band until over a year after Taylor, and Economaki went on to become Stage left guitar tech. After Josh Rand joined the band, the recorded their debut self-titled album in Cedar Falls. Upon release, the album charted at number 46 on the Billboard 200. The song Bother, which was featured on the Spider-Man soundtrack, the next single, Inhale, peaked at 18 on the Mainstream Rock chart. The group received two Grammy Award nominations for Best Metal Performance for the singles Get Inside and Inhale in 2003 and 2004 respectively, the album went on to achieve Gold certification. The band toured for six months with label mates Sinch and Chevelle before going on a hiatus as Taylor and Root went back to join Slipknot for another album. The band came back in 2006 to release their second studio album and they parted ways with drummer Joel Ekman, currently drumming for Isaac James, who left to take care of his cancer-stricken son, and later recruited current drummer, Roy Mayorga. The track 30/30-150 was recorded with Godsmack drummer Shannon Larkin, the album was released on August 1,2006. It was met with reviews from critics, and sold 80,000 copies in the first week
12.
Gojira (band)
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Gojira is a French heavy metal band from Bayonne. Originally formed as Godzilla in 1996, they changed their name to Gojira in 2001 prior to releasing any studio albums. The bands lineup, consisting of brothers Joe Duplantier and Mario Duplantier as well as lead guitarist Christian Andreu and they have released six studio albums and three live DVDs. They are known for their lyrics and have gone from utmost obscurity to being placed amongst the genres leading new millennium upstarts. Gojira have received Grammy nominations for Best Rock Album for their latest album Magma, Gojira was formed in 1996 by Joe and Mario Duplantier, Christian Andreu, and Alexandre Cornillon in their hometown of Ondres. Gojiras music combines elements of metal, groove metal, thrash metal. The band started touring and recording under the name Godzilla and released their demos Victim, Possessed, Saturate and Wisdom Comes in 1996,1997,1999 and 2000, respectively. After touring, supporting Cannibal Corpse, Edge of Sanity, Impaled Nazarene and supporting Immortal in September 1999 and they changed their name to Gojira, the rōmaji spelling of the fictional monster Godzilla. Their debut album Terra Incognita was released under the new name in 2001, the band released their second studio album in 2003, The Link. After the success of the first two albums and their performances they made a DVD in Bordeaux produced by Gabriel Editions. Since 19 May 2004, The Link Alive has been on sale in France, in 2005, Gojira decided to sign with French-based Listenable Records to help give them exposure outside France with the album From Mars to Sirius. Gojira was featured on Children of Bodoms US tour in late 2006, joining Amon Amarth, furthermore, Gojira supported Trivium on the UK dates of their European tour in 2007 with Sanctity and Annihilator. Later they supported Lamb of God on their 2007 American tour along with Trivium, in late 2007 they took part in the Radio Rebellion Tour, featuring co-headliners Behemoth and Job for a Cowboy, as well as Beneath the Massacre. In October 2007, Listenable Records re-released Gojiras 1997 demo Possessed as a limited edition, the Way of All Flesh was released on 13 October in Europe via Listenable Records and 14 October in North America through Prosthetic Records in 2008. On 25 July 2008, the announced the track listing. Joe Duplantier stated about the album, This record is a lot darker — like, the music is darker and more violent. The album will be intense, more brutal, and more melodic than its predecessor. Thats the theme — its about death itself, he explained and its also about the immortality of the soul
13.
Max Cavalera
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Massimiliano Antonio Max Cavalera is a Brazilian singer, guitarist, and songwriter who currently plays in heavy metal bands Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, and Killer Be Killed. In 1984, he co-founded the acclaimed heavy metal band Sepultura with his brother Igor Cavalera and was the lead singer. Cavalera was also involved in a side project called Nailbomb. Max Cavaleras father, Graziano Cavalera, was an employee of the Italian Consulate in Belo Horizonte and he died at 40 years of age, Cavalera was nine when his father died. Cavaleras family was in a state of crisis and family turbulence when he formed Sepultura with his younger brother Igor. In the early 1990s, he relocated to Phoenix, Arizona and he did not begin to make spiritual music until after he quit Sepultura. His earlier lyrics for Soulfly were influenced by religion and spirituality and his later albums, starting with Dark Ages, began to incorporate lyrical themes of violence, warfare, anger and hatred. I mean if you look at Christ, He was hanging around with the lowlifes, prostitutes, when asked in an interview whether he was a Christian and whether Soulfly was a Christian band, he said, No. I mean, if I was a Christian I would wear all these different kinds of omens, because Christian people are so close-minded. A priest would not accept that, so I dont like the concept of Christianity in terms of being so close-minded. It is the same with music, sometimes I compare preachers to close-minded musicians or close-minded listeners, who only like one kind of music. And they dont tolerate Hindus, Buddhists or whatever, so Soulfly is not a Christian band at all. Spiritual has nothing to do with Christianity anyway and it has been here since the beginning of time. In another interview, he was asked about the Varg Vikernes church burnings and he quoted, I support church burnings 100 percent, but why dont we just burn everything. However, he claimed his views changed about the church burnings. He has stated that he believe in God, But it might be different than the God the preacher preaches about. Of enduring influence to his music, is the death of his stepson, Dana Wells. The songs Bleed, First Commandment, Pain, Tree of Pain and Revengeance are tributes to Wells, as well as Deftones song Headup, in which Cavalera featured and co-wrote
14.
Igor Cavalera
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Igor Graziano Cavalera is a Brazilian musician. He is best known as the drummer for Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. Max left the band in 1996, and Cavalera himself would depart ten years later, the brothers have since reunited in the band Cavalera Conspiracy. He has played in the bands Nailbomb and Strife, and guest drumming in Brasileiro, as his hip-hop influences grew stronger he began to DJ. Cavalera is one half of DJ duo Mixhell, a project he founded with his wife Laima Leyton, Cavalera started playing drums around 7 years old. He was into music as a child but, after watching Queen live in 1981 along with his brother Max. When Sepultura was formed, Cavalera was the youngest member at the age of 13, Sepultura was a big success and gave Cavalera an early start. On April 21,1984, Cavalera played, for the first time, on a drum kit, which was borrowed from Helinho of the band Overdose. After the band split with his brother Max in 1996, their relationship underwent a crisis, in recent times their relationship has improved, with Max stating in an interview that a reunion with Sepultura was possible. Cavalera joined Maxs current band Soulfly on stage at the 2006 tenth annual D-Low Memorial Show, to play the Sepultura songs Roots Bloody Roots and it was the first time the brothers had played together in ten years. In 2006, with the release of Dante XXI, he began spelling his name Iggor, on January 13,2006, it was announced that he was taking a break from the band due to the birth of his fourth child, initially leaving Sepultura temporarily. He later announced that he was quitting Sepultura due to artistic incompatibility, Sepultura replaced him with Jean Dolabella. Cavalera was scheduled to collaborate with hip hop artist Necro. However, Necro mentioned later that the project not go ahead. In 2008 he released the album Inflikted together with his brother Max in a project named Cavalera Conspiracy and he is credited as having made a guest appearance on Biohazards 2001 release Uncivilization on the track Gone. In 2012, Cavalera performed drums for the entire Strife album Witness A Rebirth, Cavalera collects toys and football shirts and has many hobbies, including Brazilian jiu-jitsu, snowboarding, surfing, drawing and supporting Brazilian football club Palmeiras. He admires his father Graziano Cavalera as his role model and he has four children, Joana Bass Cavalera, Raissa Bass Cavalera, Iccaro Bass Cavalera, Antonio Leyton Cavalera and a stepson Pedro Leyton Pereira. In 1996 he started the fashion label Cavalera and he lives in London since 2013
15.
Marc Rizzo
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Marc Rizzo is the lead guitarist of American metal band Soulfly and formerly of Ill Niño. He has featured on seven Soulfly albums to date, Prophecy, Dark Ages, Conquer, Omen, Enslaved, Savages and he has also released three solo instrumental albums, Colossal Myopia, The Ultimate Devotion, and Legionnaire. Marc is also a member of Cavalera Conspiracy, a project with the co-founders of Sepultura, Max. The band released their debut album Inflikted in 2008, Blunt Force Trauma in 2011, in March 2015 it was announced that Marc is playing guitar for Misfits. His only show with the band so far took place at Dutch Comic Con, in June 2016 he joined Dead by Wednesday as second guitar player. While primarily regarded as a metal guitarist, Rizzos solo work demonstrates an interest in a range of styles, combining elements of hard rock, metal, jazz, classical. 2007 saw him headline his first US tour to sell out venues across the country, in 2008 Rizzos two solo records were released under Shrapnel Records and are available on iTunes. Marc Rizzo was endorsed by Peavey and Yamaha, and traveled the world undertaking clinics for Peavey when his schedule allowed. Rizzo, as of 2009, is endorsed by B. C, a signature 7 string Stealth model has been built for him and made available for to the public as an import model in 2010. He has recently been using PRS SE Custom 24 7-string guitars, in 2004 Marc created the indie Phlamencore Records with younger brother Luke. Since has released two sampler CDs and 3 full lengths, Rizzo grew up in Carlstadt, New Jersey, where he attended Henry P. Becton Regional High School. 2016 – Dead by Wednesday – The Darkest of Angels 2016 – Pulse8 – Follow Me to Hell http, //www. marcrizzo. net/ Marc Rizzos Myspace Page
16.
Joe Duplantier
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Joseph Duplantier is a French musician best known as the rhythm guitarist and vocalist of metal band Gojira. He is also the former bassist of Cavalera Conspiracy, to which he was invited by Max Cavalera, joe and his brother Mario wrote their first song, titled Victim, in 1996. Their band, initially called Godzilla, was later renamed Gojira, gojiras debut studio album, Terra Incognita, was released in 2001. Joe Duplantiers influences include such as Meshuggah, Metallica, Morbid Angel, Sepultura. He was also in a band called Empalot from 1999 to 2004, instead, Duplantier ended up being the bands bassist. He has stated that Gojira is his priority and that is the reason he has not done extensive touring with Cavalera Conspiracy. In 2008, he was replaced by Johny Chow on bass duties for Cavalera Conspiracy, Duplantier did not appear on the bands second album, Blunt Force Trauma. Joe is the owner of Silver Cord Studio, a studio located in New York. Joe also plays drums occasionally during live performances when he and his brother Mario Duplantier switch places, joe Duplantier has been in two bands with his brother, Mario Duplantier, one being his main project, Gojira, and the other being Empalot. Some of the themes of Gojira reflect Duplantiers personal beliefs in preserving the environment. He is part of the environmental corporation Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, though he was born and raised in Bayonne, France, he now resides in New York City where he lives with his wife and child
17.
Tony Campos
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Antonio Tony Campos is a Mexican American musician. He is the current bass guitarist for the metal band Fear Factory. He is a bass guitarist for metal bands Static-X, Ministry, Prong, Soulfly. Campos was part of the original Static-X lineup, playing bass guitar, along with Wayne Static he was one of the legal owners of the Static-X name. In 2001 Campos broke his collarbone in an accident leaving him unable to play in the ongoing Extreme Steel Tour. Campos continued to sing backing vocals on the tour, and Marty OBrien took over guitar duties. In 2002 Campos became part of Mexican-American metal group Asesino and his stage name, Maldito X, is Spanish for Damned X. In the same year he played the guitar with the Colombian band Agony during the Rock al Parque. Campos has played guitar for Ministry in three stints following the death of Paul Raven. From 2011-2012 he was a member of metal band Possessed. He also played with Possessed in 2013 at The Oakland Metro and he also joined Soulfly in 2011 as their bass player. In May 2015, Campos announced his departure from Soulfly, Campos has cited Blasko, Cliff Burton, Dan Lilker, Jeff Hanneman, and Kerry King as influences. Zon Legacy 5-string with EMG MM5CS pickups Neal Moser Custom Shop Scimitar 4-string with EMG-P pickup, tuned BbFBbEb Fernandes Tremor 5-strings with EMG-40DC pickups, SWR SM-900 head, SWR Goliath Senior 6x10 cab. Tech 21 SansAmp PSA-1 preamp, Dunlop 105Q Bass Wah, Line 6 Bass POD Fernandes five-string signature Tremor bass guitars with EMG-40HZ, Campos tunes to ADGCF when playing in Asesino. In Static-X, he played with several tunings, CFBbEbG and BbFBbEbAb during Shadow Zone and forward
18.
Cavalera Conspiracy
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Cavalera Conspiracy is an American heavy metal band founded by Brazilian brothers Max and Igor Cavalera, currently performing along with American musicians Marc Rizzo and Johny Chow. The band originally formed in 2007 as Inflikted but changed its name for legal reasons, the groups creation marked the end of a 10-year feud between the Cavalera brothers who founded Sepultura in the early 1980s. Following the brothers falling out, Max had formed a new band, Soulfly, and Igor had recorded four studio albums with Sepultura before leaving the band in January 2006. In July 2006, Max received a call from his brother. Igor joined Soulfly in concert and performed two Sepultura songs, after the show, Max suggested they begin a new project, and Igor accepted. To complete the band, Max chose Soulfly guitarist Marc Rizzo, the group then recorded their debut album at Undercity Studios in Los Angeles with engineer and co-producer Logan Mader in July 2007. Named after the original moniker, Inflikted was released through Roadrunner Records on 25 March 2008. On 16 August 1996 at 1,43 a. m, Max Cavaleras stepson Dana Wells, was killed in a car accident at the age of 21 in Phoenix, Arizona. At the time, Cavalera was the lead vocalist for Sepultura which was on promoting its sixth studio album, Roots. After hearing the news, Ozzy and his wife Sharon Osbourne hired a plane to take Cavalera and his wife, manager and mother of Dana, Gloria. After the funeral, Max returned his focus to Sepultura, told Max they wanted to replace numerous members of the bands staff, including Gloria. Andreas, Paulo and Igor proposed ending the contract with Gloria and hiring a new manager for Sepultura, the trio suggested that she could continue as Maxs personal manager but that someone else should manage the band. Max felt betrayed by his mates, especially his brother, Max decided to leave Sepultura, as he felt that his band mates were biting the hands that feeds. In an interview with Revolver magazines May 2008 issue, Max explained that Gloria had worked for Sepultura for two years without earning one dollar, just for the passion of the music. Disagreeing with the other Sepultura members, Max said, If this is how its going down, I cant just put a mask on and backstab a bunch of people that trust me. Later, Max stated that it was the hardest decision he had to make in his life and his departure from Sepultura caused a 10-year feud between the Cavalera brothers. During this period, Max formed a new band, Soulfly, Igor continued as Sepulturas drummer, appearing on the groups next four studio records before leaving in January 2006 to work on his DJ project, Mixhell, and to spend more time with his family. At the concert, Igor joined Soulfly and performed two Sepultura songs, Roots Bloody Roots and Attitude, for which Dana had written the lyrics, in an interview with Chad Bowar for About. com, Max stated that performance was the birth of Cavalera Conspiracy
19.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
20.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
21.
Logan Mader
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Their second album, The More Things Change. was released in 1997 and Logan left the band shortly thereafter to divert his energy and time to side projects. Machine Head formed on October 12,1991 with Mader on lead guitar, Robb Flynn on guitar and vocals, Adam Duce on bass and he played with Machine Head through two albums until early 1998. After Logans six-year run with Machine Head, he joined the band Soulfly where he filled the slot as guitarist for their 1998 world tour, Logans union with Soulfly was short lived and the only track he technically recorded with them was one of the remixes for Quilombo. Wanting to once again pursue his own projects, Logan left Soulfly in January 1999, post Soulfly, Logan formed the heavy, yet melodic, Los Angeles rock band, Medication, with Whitfield Crane. Due to a series of issues, Medication disbanded in February 2003. Shortly after the dissolution of Medication, Logan formed the band New Black, although the band opened for a local Hed PE gig, tracked a full demo, shopped it to a few labels and created an internet buzz, they were never signed. Years later, the Stereo Black track Save Me which was later called Inside, the song was featured in the trailer for Max Payne and The Butterfly Effect 2 and in the direct to video film Never Back Down 2, The Beatdown. The instrumental of their song Fall Again was featured on the soundtrack of racing game MotoGP07, in 2011, they created a song for the Scream 4 soundtrack, titled Denial. Currently, Logan runs Dirty Icon Productions, a Los Angeles-based production team, alongside partner, Dirty Icon, published by Reverb/Universal, writes, produces, records, mixes and masters for other artists. Mader announced his new project, Once Human, in May 2015, the group signed to earMUSIC and will release their debut album, The Life I Remember, in September 2015. With Machine Head Burn My Eyes The More Things Change. A. S. P
22.
Nickname
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A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person, place, or thing, for affection or ridicule. The term hypocoristic is used to refer to a nickname of affection between those in love or with an emotional bond, compared with a term of endearment. The term diminutive name refers to nicknames that convey smallness, hence something regarded with affection or familiarity, the distinction between the two is often blurred. It is a form of endearment and amusement, as a concept, it is distinct from both pseudonym and stage name, and also from a title, although there may be overlap in these concepts. A moniker also means a nickname or personal name, the word often distinguishes personal names from nicknames that became proper names out of former nicknames. English examples are Bob and Rob, nickname variants for Robert, a nickname is often considered desirable, symbolising a form of acceptance, but can sometimes be a form of ridicule. The compound word ekename, literally meaning additional name, was attested as early as 1303 and this word was derived from the Old English phrase eaca an increase, related to eacian to increase. By the fifteenth century, the misdivision of the syllables of the phrase an ekename led to its reanalysis as a nekename, though the spelling has changed, the pronunciation and meaning of the word have remained relatively stable ever since. However, it is common for the nickname to be identified after a comma following the full real name or later in the body of the text. The middle name is generally eliminated, especially in speech, like English, German uses quotation marks between the first and last names. The latter may cause confusion because it resembles an English convention sometimes used for married, in Viking societies, many people had heiti, viðrnefni, or kenningarnöfn which were used in addition to, or instead of the first name. Slaves have often used nicknames, so that the master who heard about someone doing something could not identify the slave, in capoeira, a Brazilian martial art, the slaves had nicknames to protect them from being caught, as practising capoeira was illegal for decades. In Anglo-American culture, a nickname is based on a shortening of a persons proper name. However, in societies, this may not necessarily be the case. For example, my nickname is farmer Phil In Indian society, for example, generally people have at least one nickname, Indian nicknames very often are a trivial word or a diminutive. In Australian society, Australian men will often give ironic nicknames, for example, a man with red hair will be given the nickname Blue or Bluey. A tall man will be called Shorty, an obese person Slim, in England, some nicknames are traditionally associated with a persons surname. A man with the surname Clark will be nicknamed Nobby, the surname Miller will have the nickname Dusty, there are several other nicknames linked traditionally with a persons surname, including Chalky White, Bunny Warren, Tug Wilson, and Spud Baker
23.
Inflikted
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Inflikted is the debut album from Cavalera Conspiracy, the Cavalera brothers first record together in 12 years - since the release of Roots by Sepultura in 1996. Max Cavalera had indicated that the music on Inflikted would be similar to Sepulturas early death/thrash-metal recordings, in addition to Max and Igor Cavalera, Cavalera Conspiracy also features lead guitarist Marc Rizzo of Soulfly and Joe Duplantier on bass and backup vocals. Rex Brown from Pantera and Down cameos on bass on one track, recording for the album took place in July 2007 at Undercity Studios in Los Angeles, with Logan Mader of the Dirty Icon Production team. The album was released on March 24,2008, two videos for Sanctuary have been made, one of which is a censored version of the other. Both of these can be found on the bands websites, Max Cavalera remembered, This was a stripped-down album that took me and Igor to our metal roots. Its like thrash, death metal and hardcore punk all rolled up and its the very heart of what Igor and I are about. The passion of metal and punk will never die and it was a new start for me and Igor - our first music together for 12 years and such a positive and emotional experience. We got over those nerves, and ended up having a time making that album. Sometimes Igor would play so hard his wife wondered if he was on coke and it has a quality that is pure Max and Igor, not Soulfly or Sepultura or anything else out there. D. But it manages to outshine anything Sepultura has put out in the last dozen years, begrand also stated that the band is as solid a metal supergroup as youll ever come across, and the albums eleven tracks benefit hugely from the chemistry between the four musicians. Magazine described the album as a whole being fast, thrash-y, IGN gave the album a mixed review, saying that Inflikted is a respectable debut, but is unfortunately afflicted with bad lyrics. As Cavalera Conspiracy is a supergroup, critics also dedicated their reviews to evaluate the performance of musicians individually, chad Bowar of About. com said that Maxs vocals are very distinctive, and his angry growls are as strong as ever. IGN gave similar praise to Rizzo, stating that is his lead guitar playing that keeps the album from sinking into metal monotony in many spots. All songs written and composed by Max Cavalera, except where noted
24.
Roots (Sepultura album)
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Roots is the sixth studio album by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. It was released in Europe on February 20,1996 and in the U. S. three weeks later on March 12 by Roadrunner Records and it is the bands last studio album to feature founding member and vocalist/rhythm guitarist Max Cavalera. Following the shift to slower tempos and Latin-tinged rhythms on the album Chaos A. D, the song Lookaway also features guest appearances by Korn vocalist Jonathan Davis, former Korn drummer David Silveria, Limp Bizkit turntablist DJ Lethal, and Faith No More/Mr. The album draws influence from the nu metal movement, specifically Korn. Roots has sold 3 million copies worldwide, the album was produced by Ross Robinson. The majority of the themes presented on Roots are centered on Brazilian politics, the concept for the album was inspired by the film At Play in the Fields of the Lord. The movie inspired Max Cavalera to travel to Mato Grosso, Brazil to visit the Xavante tribe, a lot of the music on Roots reflects Brazils history and culture. According to Max Cavalera, Roots Bloody Roots is about believe in yourself, about be proud of your heritage, so its really about just be down with your own roots and believe in your roots. Cut Throat is about Epic Records, ambush is a tribute to murdered South American rain-forest activist Chico Mendes. The inspiration for Sepulturas new musical direction was twofold, one was the desire to further experiment with the music of Brazil, especially the percussive type played by Salvador, Bahia samba reggae group Olodum. Another innovation Roots brought was the inspiration taken from the sound of Korn - especially their debut, the music of Roots has sounds of world music, death metal, nu metal, thrash metal, tribal music and Brazilian folk music. The band incorporated these elements into almost all songs in the album, meeting the Xavante Indians meant a lot to Sepultura. Igor says that the band identified a lot with the natives, In a certain way, I think that we and we also lived on the edge of society, and our music and lifestyle is a long way from being assimilated and respected by that society. A spokesman of the tribe declared, We had seen pictures of Sepultura and we knew that they were different, with their long hair and we also knew that they had been discriminated, like we were. Because of that we were very curious about them, some songs also include participation and co-writing from Carlinhos Brown, a popular Brazilian musician. The political theme and influence of hardcore punk on the album are reflected in the topic of Dictatorshit. The lyrics to Attitude were co-written by Dana Wells, Max Cavaleras stepson, Dana also came up with the concept for the video for the song, featuring Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu experts the Gracie family. Max Cavalera remembered, Roots came from a blurry dream I had about going to the rainforest, in the end, when we actually went into the forest to record, it was unbelievable
25.
Ozzy Osbourne
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John Michael Ozzy Osbourne is an English singer, songwriter, and actor. He rose to prominence in the early 1970s as the lead vocalist of the metal band Black Sabbath. He was fired from Black Sabbath in 1979 and went on to have a solo career, releasing 11 studio albums. Osbourne has since reunited with Black Sabbath on several occasions, recording the album 13 in 2013 and his longevity and success have earned him the informal title of Godfather of Heavy Metal. Osbournes total album sales from his years in Black Sabbath, combined with his work, is over 100 million. As a member of Black Sabbath, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, at the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards, he received the Global Icon Award. Osbourne appeared with son Jack in the 2016 worldwide travelogue docuseries Ozzy & Jacks World Detour, Osbourne was born in the Aston area of Birmingham, England. His mother, Lillian, was Catholic but non-religious, and she worked days at a factory and his father, John Thomas Jack Osbourne, worked night shifts as a toolmaker at the General Electric Company. Osbourne has three sisters named Jean, Iris, and Gillian, and two younger brothers named Paul and Tony. The family lived in a small two-bedroom home at 14 Lodge Road in Aston, Osbourne has had the nickname Ozzy since primary school. Osbourne dealt with dyslexia at school, drawn to the stage, he took part in school plays such as Gilbert and Sullivans The Mikado and HMS Pinafore. As a Birmingham native, he has a strong Brummie accent, upon hearing their first hit single at age 14, he became a great fan of The Beatles. He credits the bands 1963 song She Loves You for inspiring him to become a musician and he said in the 2011 documentary God Bless Ozzy Osbourne that as soon as heard She Loves You on the radio, knew wanted to be a rock star for the rest of life. Osbourne left school at 15 and was employed as a construction site labourer, trainee plumber, apprentice toolmaker, car factory horn-tuner and he attempted to commit burglary, stealing a television, a handful of baby clothes, and some T-shirts. He spent six weeks in Winson Green Prison when he was unable to pay a fine after being found guilty of robbing a shop, to teach his son a lesson. In late 1967, Geezer Butler formed his first band, Rare Breed, the band played two shows, then broke up. Osbourne and Butler reunited in Polka Tulk Blues, along with guitarist Tony Iommi and drummer Bill Ward and they renamed themselves Earth, but after being accidentally booked for a show instead of a different band with the same name, they decided to change their name again. They finally settled on the name Black Sabbath in August 1969, the band had noticed how people enjoyed being frightened, inspired, the band decided to play a heavy blues style of music laced with gloomy sounds and lyrics
26.
Sharon Osbourne
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She first came into public prominence after appearing in The Osbournes, a reality television show that followed her familys daily life. Osbourne later became a talent show judge on such as the British and original version of The X Factor, from 2004 to 2007,2013. She also was a judge on Americas Got Talent from 2007 until 2012, as of 2008, Sharon and Ozzy Osbourne, were ranked as the 724th richest people in Britain with an estimated joint wealth of £110 million. Sharon Osbourne is credited with reviving her husbands heavy metal career by founding the summer Ozzfest tour and she is one of five co-hosts of the daytime series The Talk. Osbourne is one of the hosts from its launch in October 2010. In September 2014, it was announced that Osbourne would become an occasional panellist on the British lunchtime television programme Loose Women as part of the shows relaunch, on both shows, Osbourne and co-hosts/panellists discuss topical issues, ranging from daily politics and current affairs, to celebrity gossip. Osbourne was born Sharon Rachel Levy in Brixton, London, United Kingdom the daughter of an English Jew, Don Arden, who was a promoter and rock and roll entrepreneur. Osbourne is the wife and manager of Black Sabbath vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, Sharon began dating future husband Ozzy Osbourne in 1979 after Black Sabbath fired him and took over his management from the Arden organisation. Sharon coordinated the recruitment of a band for the recording of the Blizzard of Ozz album. A series of high-selling albums and world tours followed through the 1980s, in 1996, Osbourne created the Ozzfest summer touring festival. It went on to become a regular rock occasion and celebrated a 10th anniversary in 2006, by 2007, the ticket prices had reached £76 and Osbourne announced that the tickets would be free to allow more people the opportunity to attend the concert. It was then that she decided to launch her own festival, controversy ensued when she pulled the plug on Iron Maidens set three times in one performance. She also harassed the singer, Bruce Dickinson, and threw eggs at the band, in light of her success managing her husband, Osbourne branched out into managing other acts by creating Sharon Osbourne Management. The new company, with Osbourne as its sole employee, managed such as Gary Moore, Motörhead, Lita Ford, The Smashing Pumpkins. She co-managed a band called Cube, with Cud guitarist Mike Dunphy, Cube were signed to Polydor Records but had limited success. She has also turned down career guidance requests from Fred Durst, Guns N Roses, Osbourne gained celebrity status as one of the stars of MTVs reality show, The Osbournes, which followed her familys daily life and had a national audience. As the person who negotiated with MTV to screen the show, the show began airing in early 2002, and when, in July 2002, Osbourne was diagnosed with cancer, she insisted that filming should continue. The final episode of the aired in the US on 21 March 2005
27.
O2 Brixton Academy
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The Brixton Academy, officially called O2 Academy, Brixton, is one of Londons leading music venues, nightclubs and theatres. Situated in Brixton, south London, England, the building has hosted a range of leading rock acts since becoming a venue in 1983. The maximum capacity is 4,921, alternatively the all-seated capacity is 2,391, the venue started life as a cinema and theatre in 1929 on the site of a private garden in Stockwell Road. Designed by the architects Thomas Somerford and E A Stone, it was built at a cost of £250,000 as an Astoria theatre. The opening show was the Al Jolson film The Singing Fool, followed by a variety act, including Heddle Nash, the building still retains many of its original features, including the proscenium arch and Art Deco interior. The Astoria eventually closed its doors as a cinema on 29 July 1972 and it was then converted into the Sundown Centre rock venue in September 1972, but was not a success and the Sundown closed down some four months later. In May 1974 planning permission was sought to demolish the Grade II listed building and replace it with a motor showroom, however the redevelopment scheme was scrapped. The building was kept heated after it closed, and was used as an equipment store by the Rank Organisation. In 1981, The Astoria, remodelled by Sean Treacy, who ran the entire site services, was re-opened as a rock venue called The Fair Deal with a concert by UB40. The Clash played the venue in 1982 on their Casbah Club tour, in 1983, Simon Parkes bought the venue for £1, and re-opened it as the Brixton Academy. The Academys success steadily grew throughout the 1980s with numerous productions and it was hired out to major rock and pop acts such as Eric Clapton. The venue was used for video shoots for Wham and Culture Club. In 1995 Parkes sold the Brixton Academy to Break For The Border, the venue is currently run by the Academy Music Group after a re-branding in August 2004, and hosts a range of live acts and club nights. Being one of the biggest non-arena venues in London, the Brixton Academy has been used by many successful acts. The venue has also been voted venue of the twelve times since 1994 in the annual NME Awards. In addition the venue has won the Music Week Award for Venue of the Year several times including 2009, madonna played a special performance at the venue in 2000, to promote the release of her album, Music. The concert was broadcast live online and was watched by an audience of 9 million. Rammstein, Iron Maiden, The Clash, Deborah Harry, The Prodigy, Arcade Fire, Nine Inch Nails, Bob Dylan, HARD-Fi, the Mighty Boosh broke this record in 2008, with their second live show Boosh Live, playing seven consecutive nights
28.
Under a Pale Grey Sky
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Under a Pale Grey Sky is a live album by Sepultura, released September 24,2002 through Roadrunner Records. The album was recorded in the Brixton Academy, London on December 16,1996, the album was released by Roadrunner Records after dropping Sepultura from the label. The current band do not list the album as part of their discography, the set list for the show sees the band play the majority of that years Roots album, as well as the most popular songs from their previous albums. The title of the album is a lyric in the track from the bands fourth album Arise. There are many playing mistakes on the album, such as on Territory or Troops Of Doom, igor Cavalera - Drums Max Cavalera - Guitar, Vocals Andreas Kisser - Lead Guitar Paulo Jr. - Bass Rick Rodney - Vocals Colin Richardson - Mixing
29.
Andreas Kisser
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Andreas Rudolf Kisser is a Brazilian guitar player, songwriter and producer. He is most known for being the player for the metal band Sepultura. He has been featured on every Sepultura release since their second album, additionally, Kisser has also been involved in other bands such as the rock supergroup Hail. Sexoturica and, more recently, De La Tierra, Kisser was born on August 24,1968 to a Slovene mother, from Maribor, Slovenia, and a German father in São Bernardo do Campo, a municipality in the state of São Paulo. His father was an engineer who worked for Mercedes-Benz Brazil and his mother was a German teacher. At an early age, Kisser showed an interest in music and he was 10 when he started to listen to his parents records of The Beatles, Roberto Carlos and Tonico & Tinoco. He received his first acoustic guitar from his grandmother and later won a guitar at a game of Bingo. In his early adolescence Kisser started to play acoustic guitar first learning basic chords from the Brazilian popular music repertoire, a friend then introduced Kisser to hard rock with bands like Queen and Kiss which had a great influence on him. In 1983 he went to see Kiss live in São Paulo, Kisser eventually got his first electric guitar, a Giannini-Supersonic, and an overdrive pedal. Some of his major influences consisted then of Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, Steve Howe, Tony Iommi, Ritchie Blackmore, Jimmy Page, Jeff Hanneman and Randy Rhoads. Kisser started performing in 1984 in a band called Esfinge, which he formed with school friends. The band played covers of heavy metal bands such as Black Sabbath, Ozzy Osbourne, Iron Maiden, Venom. Two years later the band renamed itself Pestilence and, in 1987, the songs on the demo were afterwards reused by Sepultura in their albums Schizophrenia and Beneath the Remains. Pestilence was, however, short-lived and ultimately split up, in 1987, Kisser met the members of Sepultura and went to see the band play live while he was on a vacation trip to Belo Horizonte. On the day of the concert he joined the band as a roadie for vocalist/guitarist Max Cavalera. He also jammed with the members during the intermissions, following the departure of original lead guitarist Jairo Guedes, Kisser auditioned for the position of lead guitarist. The same year he performed with the band for the first time in Caruaru, Pernambuco and his involvement in Sepultura helped shape the bands evolving sound. He brought new ideas and influences into Sepultura, on Schizophrenia and Beneath the Remains, Kisser co-wrote the lyrics with Max whereas the whole band wrote the music in tandem
30.
Paulo Jr.
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Paulo Xisto Pinto Jr. is the bass guitarist of the Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura. He has been in the band since 1985, making him the longest remaining member of Sepultura and he received his first bass guitar, a white Giannini, when he was fifteen. His influences include Steve Harris, Geddy Lee, Geezer Butler, Cliff Burton, in 1984, Xisto met the Cavalera brothers in the Santa Teresa neighbourhood of Belo Horizonte through a common friend. In 1985, he joined Sepultura after the departure of the previous bass guitar player. Xisto played his first concert at the Ideal Club in Santa Teresa and he is the longest serving member, and only member to appear on all studio albums. In 2009, Xisto joined with Alan Wallace and André Márcio of Eminence, in 2013, the group released a six-song EP and a teaser for the music video of the song Buried In My Bunker. In 2007, Xisto played bass guitar on Sayowas second album, in 2013, he made a guest appearance on Eminences fourth album, The Stalker, providing extra bass accompaniment. Xisto grew up with two brothers and a younger sister, in an interview, Xisto commended his parents for supporting the band in its early days. The support of the parents was one of the keys to our success and we had an empty room and my parents not only lent the space, but also the car to carry the equipment and made lunch for everyone when we were rehearsing. His hobbies include jiu jitsu and football and he is an avid supporter of the football club Clube Atlético Mineiro. He currently lives in São Paulo, Brazil, since 1999, Xisto has organised a series of annual football charity games between former Brazilian players, television artists, musicians and the band members. The games took place at the Estádio Municipal Castor Cifuentes in Nova Lima, Brazil, the spectators were asked to donate a pound of food and the gathered donations were given to local charities. In April 2008, Xisto was decorated with the Medalha da Inconfidência, the ceremony took place in Ouro Preto, hosted by the then Governor of Minas Gerais, Aécio Neves. D
31.
Revolver (magazine)
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Revolver is a bi-monthly rock and heavy metal magazine published by NewBay Media. Before covering heavy metal, rock & hard rock solely, it was a more mainstream oriented magazine, the magazine is structured in a manner similar to publications such as Spin while covering many avenues within the heavy metal and punk subcultures. Vinnie took a hiatus from the following the death of his brother, Dimebag Darrell but returned to offer advice to readers about music, life, sex. The column has recently included Lzzy Hale from Halestorm fielding questions, another feature of the magazine is its coverage of underground and up-and-coming bands from all over the world. Rather than focus solely on mainstream acts, Revolver introduces many acts that are not played on the radio or on MTV, in 2009, Revolver held its inaugural hard-rock and heavy-metal award show in the U. S. the Revolver Golden Gods Awards. Chris Jericho announced on Attack of the Show and that he would host it on May 28,2011. Its slogan is, The Worlds Loudest Rock Magazine, formerly owned by Harris Publications, Future US bought the magazine in 2006. In 2012, NewBay Media bought the Music division of Future US
32.
Sepultura discography
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The following is the discography of Sepultura, a Brazilian heavy metal band. Sepultura was formed in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, in 1984 by brothers Max, after several lineup changes, Paulo Jr. and Jairo Guedz became permanent members for the bands first studio album Morbid Visions, released in 1986 through Cogumelo Records. Guitarist Jairo Guedz left Sepultura following the bands first tour and was replaced by Andreas Kisser, with the new lineup, Sepultura recorded Schizophrenia in 1987. Beneath the Remains, the first album from the contract with Roadrunner Records, was released in 1989, followed by Arise in 1991. Sepulturas best-selling album Roots, was released in 1996 and debuted at number 27 on the Billboard 200, in 1996, vocalist Max Cavalera left the band and formed Soulfly. The other members announced that they would continue under the Sepultura name and were searching for a replacement, derrick Green was chosen to replace Cavalera, and with the new vocalist the band released Against in 1998. Nation was released in 2001, the bands last studio album with Roadrunner Records, Sepultura signed to German label SPV and released Roorback. Dante XXI was released in 2006 as an album inspired by the literary classic Divine Comedy by Dante Alighieri. Igor Cavalera left the band in 2006 and was replaced by Jean Dolabella, in 2009 Sepultura released A-Lex, a concept album about A Clockwork Orange, followed by 2011s Kairos. Drummer Eloy Casagrande replaced Dollabella and in 2013 the band released The Mediator Between Head and Hands Must Be the Heart, in 2017, Sepultura released their fourteenth studio album Machine Messiah. 1. ^ Billboard Top Music Video Charts, official website Sepultura at Allmusic Sepultura at Discogs
33.
Roots Bloody Roots
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Roots Bloody Roots is a song by Brazilian band Sepultura. It was released in February 1996 as the single from their sixth album Roots. The song is the bands best known and remains a staple to this day. A music video was filmed for the single features the band performing in an underground cave as well as on the streets with a tribe of percussionists. This video can be found on the VHS We Are What We Are, the song also appears in live form on the bands live releases Under a Pale Grey Sky and Live in Sao Paulo. Another live version appears on the limited edition version of the bands 2000 album Nation. Former Sepultura frontman Max Cavalera has also played the song numerous times with his other bands Soulfly. The music video was directed by Thomas Mignone and won the Kerrang Video Of The Year Award in 1996, filming was done in the catacombs underneath the city of Salvador, where the Brazilian slaves were sold. The video also shows scenes of Catholic churches, the single was released on 2 CDs and 7” vinyl. The first CD was presented in a card foldout digipak case, early copies of the digipak version were embossed with a stamp of the bands thorned ‘S logo. The vinyl was a limited edition and was red in colour. A recording of this can be found on the DVD The Song Remains Insane as well as on five of their studio albums, the Cavalera brothers often play the song to close a show as Cavalera Conspiracy. Dreadnaut covers the song in their 2008 album A Taste Of Whats To Come, JBO covers the song in their 1997 album Laut. A Punchs Pilot covered the song live featuring Waylon Reavis from Mushroomhead, suicide Silence covered the song with Max Cavalera at the Mitch Lucker Memorial Show Canadian industrial band iVardensphere released a cover of the song in August 2014. - Bass Produced by Ross Robinson and Sepultura Recorded and engineered by Ross Robinson Mixed by Andy Wallace Assistant Engineer, Richard Kaplan Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
34.
Attitude (Sepultura song)
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Attitude is Sepulturas eighth official single, and the second of three to be taken from the 1996 album Roots. The song remains a staple to this day. A music video was filmed for the single features the band performing beside a mixed martial arts cage. The Gracie family also appear in the video and this video can be found on the VHS We Are What We Are, which was later released on DVD as part of Chaos DVD. The songs lyrics were written by Max Cavaleras stepson Dana Wells and this refrain in particular also crops up again in the song The Doom Of All Fires on Cavalera Conspiracys debut album Inflikted. Due to its origins Attitude has become a tribute to Dana in the years since his death, the song also appears in live form on the bands live releases Under a Pale Grey Sky and Live in São Paulo. Max Cavalera has also played the song numerous times with Soulfly. Recordings of their version can be found on the limited version of Soulfly. The cover of the shows various peoples Sepultura tattoos, which are shown to be on wrists, ankles. The reverse of the EP shows Dana Wells mid-stage-dive, and features a short eulogy from Max, the concept for the tattoo cover was also developed by Dana. The single was released on 2 CDs and 7 vinyl, the first CD was presented in a card foldout digipak case, while the second was in a standard slimline jewel case. Early copies of the digipak version were embossed with a stamp of the bands thorned S logo, the vinyl was a strictly limited edition
35.
Dotdash
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About. com is an American Internet-based network of content that publishes articles and videos about various subjects on its topic sites, of which there are nearly 1,000. It is operated by About, Inc, the website competes with other online resource sites and encyclopedias. By March 2014,61,428,000 unique visitors were registered by comScore for About. com, making it the 16th-most-visited online property during that month. As of August 2012, About. com is the property of IAC, owner of Ask. com and numerous other online brands, and its revenue is generated by advertising. Founded in 1996 as The Mining Company, the site was launched on April 21,1997 by Scott Kurnit, owner of General Internet, Bill Day, and a group of other entrepreneurs in New York City. The original goal was to maintain 1,800 topic areas, but after five years of operation, the company changed its name to About Inc. and the website address from miningco. com to about. com in May 1999. The company was acquired by Primedia, Inc. in 2000 through a deal valued at US$690 million, whereby Primedia swapped 45.2 million shares for About, at the time of the acquisition announcement, About Inc. Following the purchase, which was finalized in the first quarter of 2001, in February 2005, The New York Times Company announced it was buying About. com, a purchase that was completed in the first half of the year for US$410 million. Google and Yahoo were reportedly among the other bidders, following the Times Co. acquisition, Peter C. Horan was appointed as About Inc. s president and CEO, in March 2007, About. coms patronage was measured at 33.5 million unique visitors. On May 7,2007, About Inc. acquired ConsumerSearch. com, initially conceived of in January 2007, About. coms first fully owned foreign venture, the China-based Abang. com, debuted in December 2007. At the time of the launch, the company had a Japan-based online entity, Allabout. co. jp, the About Group generated US$102.7 million in 2007, which represented a 135-percent increase from the time of the Times Co. acquisition. Meyer stepped down from the executive role in March 2008 and was replaced by Cella Irvine. Martin Nisenholtz, SVP of digital operations, temporarily replaced Irvine following her departure in May 2011, in July 2011, Darline Jean was named CEO of the About Group, after the companys second-quarter revenues totaled US$27.8 million. Jean previously served as Abouts chief financial officer and her new appointment became effective on September 1,2011, a media report published in August 2012 indicated that Answers. com had reached a preliminary agreement to acquire About. com for US$270 million. However, on August 26, Barry Dillers IAC announced that it would acquire About. com instead for US$300 million in cash. A source for the TechCrunch publication later confirmed that Answers. coms offer was valued at US$270 million. In the corresponding press release, IAC explained that the acquisition will help bolster and accompany its existing properties, Jean fulfilled her role as chief executive during the transition period, while ownership was transferred to IAC, and then left About shortly after the sale was finalized
36.
Indonesia
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Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a unitary sovereign state and transcontinental country located mainly in Southeast Asia with some territories in Oceania. Situated between the Indian and Pacific oceans, it is the worlds largest island country, with more than seventeen thousand islands. At 1,904,569 square kilometres, Indonesia is the worlds 14th-largest country in terms of area and worlds 7th-largest country in terms of combined sea. It has an population of over 260 million people and is the worlds fourth most populous country. The worlds most populous island, Java, contains more than half of the countrys population, Indonesias republican form of government includes an elected legislature and president. Indonesia has 34 provinces, of which five have Special Administrative status and its capital and countrys most populous city is Jakarta, which is also the most populous city in Southeast Asia and the second in Asia. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, other neighbouring countries include Singapore, Vietnam, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Despite its large population and densely populated regions, Indonesia has vast areas of wilderness that support the second highest level of biodiversity. The country has abundant natural resources like oil and natural gas, tin, copper, agriculture mainly produces rice, palm oil, tea, coffee, cacao, medicinal plants, spices and rubber. Indonesias major trading partners are Japan, United States, China, the Indonesian archipelago has been an important region for trade since at least the 7th century, when Srivijaya and then later Majapahit traded with China and India. Local rulers gradually absorbed foreign cultural, religious and political models from the early centuries CE, Indonesian history has been influenced by foreign powers drawn to its natural resources. Indonesia consists of hundreds of native ethnic and linguistic groups. The largest – and politically dominant – ethnic group are the Javanese, a shared identity has developed, defined by a national language, ethnic diversity, religious pluralism within a Muslim-majority population, and a history of colonialism and rebellion against it. Indonesias national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, articulates the diversity that shapes the country, Indonesias economy is the worlds 16th largest by nominal GDP and the 8th largest by GDP at PPP, the largest in Southeast Asia, and is considered an emerging market and newly industrialised country. Indonesia has been a member of the United Nations since 1950, Indonesia is a member of the G20 major economies and World Trade Organization. The name Indonesia derives from the Greek name of the Indós, the name dates to the 18th century, far predating the formation of independent Indonesia. In 1850, George Windsor Earl, an English ethnologist, proposed the terms Indunesians—and, his preference, in the same publication, one of his students, James Richardson Logan, used Indonesia as a synonym for Indian Archipelago. However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use Indonesia, they preferred Malay Archipelago, the Netherlands East Indies, popularly Indië, the East, and Insulinde
37.
Conquer (album)
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Conquer is the sixth studio album by the band Soulfly. It saw official release on July 23,2008, in Australia and it was released on July 29,2008 in Canada and the United States and debuted at #66 on the U. S. Billboard 200 — Soulflys highest Billboard peak since their 2002 release,3. The album was tracked by Tim C, lau in late 2007 at The Porch Recording Studio in Orlando Florida and mixed by Andy Sneap in early 2008. A bonus edition of the album was released containing three tracks and a DVD. The DVD features a live concert from Warsaw, Poland. The album sold over 8,400 copies in the U. S. during the first week of its release, unleash was the albums first single with the accompanying music video directed by Robert Sexton. This song and its video features Dave Peters of Throwdown, the second single released was Blood Fire War Hate, the first track of the album, featuring Morbid Angel vocalist David Vincent. Touching the Void is heavily influenced by Black Sabbath as it contains doom and sludgy riffs, warmageddon explores war and Armageddon, hence its portmanteau. Conquer has thus far garnered positive reviews from most media outlets, chad Bower of About. com calls it outstanding, with great musicianship and songwriting and new styles, sounds and experiments, which also hit the mark. Nikos Patelis of Metal Invader notes the hardcore beatings, extreme thrash speeds and many implements of weird sounds that have nothing to do with metal and deems the album dark as hell. In comparison to Cavalera Conspiracys debut earlier this year, Dominic Hemy of Planet Loud considers Conquer tighter, heavier, more diverse, more original, all lyrics written by Max Cavalera except where stated, all music composed by Max Cavalera except where stated. Live in Warsaw, Poland Prophecy Downstroy Seek n Strike No Hope = No Fear Jumpdafuckup/Bring It Living Sacrifice Mars Brasil No L. O. T. M, porrada Drums Moses Frontlines Back to the Primitive Eye for an Eye Music Video Innerspirit Album
38.
Machine Head (band)
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Machine Head is an American groove metal band from Oakland, California. Formed on October 12,1991, the group was founded by vocalist and rhythm guitarist Robb Flynn, the current lineup of the band comprises Flynn, drummer Dave McClain, lead guitarist Phil Demmel, and bassist Jared MacEachern. Machine Head is one of the bands in the new wave of American heavy metal. Machine Head was formed by member Robb Flynn, previously part of the bands Forbidden, Flynn felt musically unfulfilled with Vio-lence and requested to start a side project. When his request was denied, he left the band and formed Machine Head in 1991 with Adam Duce, Logan Mader, the bands first album Burn My Eyes, was a big success in Europe where it garnered attention on MTVs Headbangers Ball. In America Machine Head would not have success until later albums, the band re-signed with Roadrunner soon after and has released four albums since, 2003s Through the Ashes of Empires, 2007s The Blackening and 2011s Unto the Locust. Their most recent album, Bloodstone & Diamonds, was released in 2014, Machine Head have sold over 3 million records worldwide. Machine Head were formed on October 12,1991, in Oakland, California by vocalist/guitarist Robb Flynn, Flynn had recently parted ways with Vio-lence after a physical fight between the band members and a local gang. He still had a desire to write music and along with Duce recruited guitarist Logan Mader and drummer Tony Costanza to form Machine Head. The bands name was thought of by Flynn because it sounded cool, the band started jamming in a local warehouse shared with four punk rock bands. Machine Head recorded a demo in a bedroom, funded with US$800. A record executive representing Roadrunner Records listened to the demo and signed the band, Machine Head entered Fantasy Studios in Berkeley, California to record its debut album Burn My Eyes. Not long into production, Constanza left the band and was replaced by Chris Kontos, produced by Colin Richardson, the album was released on August 9,1994. The album shipped nearly 400,000 copies worldwide, becoming Roadrunner Records best selling debut album, Allmusic reviewer John Franck stated Burn My Eyes is a bone-shattering exercise in brutality. Following the success of the tour the band returned to Europe for a headline tour in early 1995. The band would return to Europe for the festival season but Kontos refused to tour. On the bands return to the US Kontos was fired because he was not keeping to touring commitments, Kontos went on to play drums with Testament, and was replaced by Dave McClain. After touring for Burn My Eyes, Machine Head entered the studio to record its second studio album, the album was released on March 25,1997, and debuted at number 138 on the Billboard 200 albums chart
39.
Rex Brown
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Rex Robert Brown is an American musician and author, who is best known as having been the longtime bassist for the Grammy-nominated, platinum-selling, now defunct band Pantera. He is a member of Down, and is currently the bassist for the band Kill Devil Hill. He is to release his album as a solo artist sometime in 2017. For the first time in Browns career, the work features him not only as a bassist, Brown authored a book called Official Truth 101 Proof, which was released in April 2013. The book documents Panteras formation, career, and break-up, Rex Robert Brown was born in Graham, Texas on July 27,1964. His father was forty when Brown was born, and died in 1971 and he was raised by his mother and sister. Brown was first introduced to music through his grandmother, who taught him to play the piano when he was a child, Brown was a member of the Boy Scouts of America and achieved the rank of Eagle Scout. Brown became a fan of ZZ Top and Def Leppard as a youth and he remains a fan of Black Sabbath, Led Zeppelin and hardcore punk. Rex joined Pantera in 1982 with his classmate from the school jazz band drummer Vinnie Paul, guitarist Dimebag Darrell. During the early days of Pantera, Rex Brown went by the stage name Rex Rocker, for the 1990 album Cowboys from Hell he was credited simply as Rex. It was not until the 1994 album Far Beyond Driven that he used his name of Rex Brown. Pantera recruited vocalist Phil Anselmo to replace Glaze in 1987, by 1990 the band had been signed to Atco Records and released Cowboys from Hell which proved to be the bands turning point. During downtime Brown, Dimebag, and Vinnie teamed up with country artist David Allan Coe in a project called Rebel Meets Rebel in 1999 and this group released an album on May 2,2006 on Vinnie Pauls Big Vin Records label. In late 2010 Rex became a member of Kill Devil Hill, with Vinny Appice, Dewey Bragg. Kill Devil Hill released their album in May 2012 to critical acclaim. In 1998, during his stay in Louisiana, he was invited by Phil Anselmo for a jam session that included all the members of Down except their bass player Todd Strange, who left the band. That night they ended up writing several demos for what became their second album recorded in the fall of 2001 at Anselmos barn that had been transformed into a professional studio. The album was released on March 26,2002, and became the first Down release featuring Rex Brown on bass, the band, however, went on hiatus again at the very end of 2002
40.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
41.
Madrid
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Madrid is the capital city of the Kingdom of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole. The city has a population of almost 3.2 million with an area population of approximately 6.5 million. It is the third-largest city in the European Union after London and Berlin, the municipality itself covers an area of 604.3 km2. Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid, this community is bordered by the communities of Castile and León. As the capital city of Spain, seat of government, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political, economic, the current mayor is Manuela Carmena from Ahora Madrid. Madrid is home to two football clubs, Real Madrid and Atlético de Madrid. Madrid is the 17th most liveable city in the according to Monocle magazine. Madrid organises fairs such as FITUR, ARCO, SIMO TCI, while Madrid possesses modern infrastructure, it has preserved the look and feel of many of its historic neighbourhoods and streets. Cibeles Palace and Fountain have become one of the monument symbols of the city, the first documented reference of the city originates in Andalusan times as the Arabic مجريط Majrīṭ, which was retained in Medieval Spanish as Magerit. A wider number of theories have been formulated on possible earlier origins, according to legend, Madrid was founded by Ocno Bianor and was named Metragirta or Mantua Carpetana. The most ancient recorded name of the city Magerit comes from the name of a built on the Manzanares River in the 9th century AD. Nevertheless, it is speculated that the origin of the current name of the city comes from the 2nd century BC. The Roman Empire established a settlement on the banks of the Manzanares river, the name of this first village was Matrice. In the 8th century, the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula saw the changed to Mayrit, from the Arabic term ميرا Mayra. The modern Madrid evolved from the Mozarabic Matrit, which is still in the Madrilenian gentilic, after the disintegration of the Caliphate of Córdoba, Madrid was integrated in the Taifa of Toledo. With the surrender of Toledo to Alfonso VI of León and Castile, the city was conquered by Christians in 1085, Christians replaced Muslims in the occupation of the centre of the city, while Muslims and Jews settled in the suburbs. The city was thriving and was given the title of Villa, since 1188, Madrid won the right to be a city with representation in the courts of Castile. In 1202, King Alfonso VIII of Castile gave Madrid its first charter to regulate the municipal council, which was expanded in 1222 by Ferdinand III of Castile
42.
The Way of All Flesh (album)
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The Way of All Flesh is the fourth studio album by French progressive death metal band Gojira. The album was released on October 13,2008 in Europe via Listenable Records and it sold around 4,200 copies in the United States in its first week of release to debut at number 138 on the Billboard 200 chart. It also reached no.1 on the Top Heatseekers chart, the album was recorded at the bands home studio while Joe Duplantier produced it. The drums were recorded in Los Angeles and engineered by Logan Mader, the cover features artwork created by vocalist Joe Duplantier, who was responsible for the artwork on past albums. Joseph Duplantier revealed to Total Guitar magazine that the deals with their vision about life. The Way Of All Flesh is everything we have to go through until death, i’m 30 years old now and it’s the first time as a human being that I’ve thought about my own death philosophically, and the time that I have to spend here on earth. It’s something that all concerned about. You don’t go to a party and talk about death, right. ”Duplantier also references the bands that Gojira have toured with as well as the environment, randy Blythe from the American band Lamb of God appeared as a guest vocalist on the song Adoration for None. At the end of the song The Art of Dying, there is a part that is played backwards. If backmasked, the section would bear a resemblance to the song Esoteric Surgery, a similar technique is used at the end of Wolf Down the Earth. On 6 October 2008, a video was released for the song Vacuity, produced by Julien Mokrani. The video was shot near the hometown in France, and starred the Duplantiers cousin. On 11 January 2009, Gojira released a music video from the album. The Way of All Flesh was met generally favorable reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, based on 7 critics, the album has received a score of 67/100, eduardo Rivadavia of AllMusic wrote that by the time it finally emerged in late 2008, Gojiras fourth full-length successfully met most all of the understandably heightened expectations head on. But once youve broken through, its quite a new landscape these madmen have blasted out of the tundra for the rest of us, the performances are flawless, but overly so. Everything is polished to a gleaming sheen, without edges, heat, or blood, though, such punishment is joyless. To their credit, Gojira avoid metals tonal clichés in favor of open-ended abstraction, but its cold and distant, unbefitting of the passionate lyrics
43.
Pinkpop Festival
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Pinkpop Festival or PINKPOP is a large, annual music festival held at Landgraaf, Netherlands. It is usually held on the Pentecost weekend, starting in 1970, at Burgemeester Damen Sportpark in the town of Geleen, PinkPop is the oldest and longest running annual dedicated pop and rock music festival in the world. Nowadays, Pinkpop is a festival, from Saturday through Monday, with a 60,000 people per day capacity. During 44 editions, more than 2 million people have attended Pinkpop, some 700 music acts have played at the festival. Acts that appeared at Pinkpop are Rush, Green Day, Paul McCartney, Rage Against the Machine, Pearl Jam, The Police, the Rolling Stones, Bruce Springsteen, U2 and Van Halen. From 2006 through 2011, Pinkpop sold out six years in a row, in 1994, it was decided to sell only 60,000 tickets, to prevent overcrowding due to the popularity of the festival. In 1995, it was made into a 2-day festival, two years later, in 1997, this was further expanded to three days. 2007 saw a spin-off, later in the year, on 11 August, called Pinkpop Classic, for a rock audience. This spin-off was held again in following years, with exception of 2011, in 2008, Pinkpop was for the first time in its history not held on Pentecost weekend, which fell too early that year for the convenience of fans and performers alike. This was decided following the 2005 edition, in which the Pentecost weekend also fell early, sales were disappointing in 2005, so by shifting the 2008 festival, the organisation hoped to solve these problems. Pinkpop 2008 turned out to have had the largest concert attendance to date, the dates for the 2010,2013,2015 and 2016 edition have been shifted as well, for similar reasons. The name consists of two parts, pink comes from the Dutch word for Pentecost and pop comes from pop music. But a later creative interpretation for the name combines the English word pink and the Dutch word pop, which means doll, thus forming the origin for the logo, the precursor to Pinkpop was held on Pentecost Monday in 1969. It was completely free, and called Pinknick because people were supposed to bring their own food, only a free pig roast and free apples were provided by the organizers. Inspired by the Monterey festival from 1967, a number of hip local bands were persuaded to come, almost 10,000 visitors were attracted, ranging from pop music lovers to grandparents and their grandchildren. And families with empty shopping bags, loading up on apples, Pinkpop 2007 was held on May 26,27 and 282007. It was the 20th time the event was held at the Megaland Park, on February 28, most of the line-up was revealed. Pearl Jam was announced to make their 3rd appearance on the Pinkpop stage, a Krezip replaced Amy Winehouse, because she had to cancel due to illness
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Rock am Ring and Rock im Park
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The Rock am Ring and Rock im Park festivals are two simultaneous rock music festivals held annually. While Rock am Ring takes place at Mendig on an old airbase, Rock im Park takes place at the Zeppelinfeld in Nuremberg, both festivals are usually regarded as one event with a mostly identical lineup for both festivals. All artists perform one day at Mendig and another day in Nuremberg during the three-day event, there have been minor exceptions in the past years where an artist would be announced for one of the festivals only. However, after a dip in attendance for the 1988 event, in 1991, the festival returned with a new concept, as well as featuring well-known artists, event organizers present lesser known up-and-coming bands to the public. In 1993, Rock im Park took place for the first time in Vienna, for the 1994 event, Rock im Park moved to the disused Munich-Riem airport, and the following year to Munichs Olympiastadion, where it found a home for the 1995 and 1996 event. 1997 Rock im Park moved to Nurembergs Frankenstadion where it was held until the venue was unavailable in 2004 because the stadium was being renovated for the 2006 Football World Cup. Since 2004 the venue moved again to the current Zeppellinfeld, where Rock im Park was since held with the exception of the 2006 festival, the 2007 festival was used in a science experiment to test the effects of large bodies of people simultaneously jumping. The experiment data was used to calculate the result if the entire Chinese population were to jump in unison, the experiment concluded no significant results would come from the theoretical event. After 29 editions of Rock am Ring, the new owner of the Nürburgring decided that the contract wont be extended, the festival continued at another location in 2015. The 2008 festival took place on 6–8 June 2008,91 acts have been officially confirmed. Both festivals were sold out on 1 May, confirmed acts,3 Doors Down,36 Crazyfists, Against Me. Glory of Joanns MySpace profile lists them as performing at Rock am Ring, the headling acts for 2009 were Limp Bizkit, Slipknot, The Prodigy, KoЯn, Marilyn Manson, The Killers, Placebo and Billy Talent. Other bands included 2raumwohnung, Alexisonfire, All That Remains,1, Juliette Lewis, Kettcar, Kilians, Killswitch Engage, Kitty, Daisy & Lewis, Little Man Tate, Machine Head, Madina Lake, Madness, Mando Diao, M. I. A. The headliners for the 2011 festival were System of a Down, motörhead, The Offspring, Opeth, Periphery, Shinedown, Skrillex, Soundgarden, Tenacious D, The Subways, and Trivium. Headliners, Linkin Park, Metallica, Iron Maiden, Kings Of Leon. 1, John Newman, Karnivool, Klangkarussell Live, Kvelertak, Left Boy, Mando Diao, Marteria, Mastodon, Maximo Park, Milky Chance, Nine Inch Nails, Of Mice & Men, Opeth, Portugal. The Man, Queens Of The Stone Age, Rob Zombie, Rudimental, SDP, Sierra Kidd, Slayer, Suicide Silence, Teesy, Triggerfinger, headliners, Foo Fighters, Die Toten Hosen, Slipknot, Motionless in White. Official Rock am Ring site Official Rock im Park site Ringrocker. com Parkrocker. net Rockpalast – Rock am Ring 2007 Rock am Ring live sets audio files archive, Rockpalast broadcast
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Download Festival
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Download Festival is a British rock festival, held annually at Donington Park in Leicestershire, England, since 2003. The 2015 festival featured massive technological surveillance by police in conjunction with festival organizers Live Nation UK, RFID wristbands and facial recognition technology was used to compare visual scans of attendees against a European criminal database. The Download Festival was conceived as a follow up to the Monsters of Rock festivals which had held at the Donington Park circuit between 1980 and 1996. The first Download Festival was created by Stuart Galbraith, Tom Pyke, rather than run as a single day event Download was initially a two-day event, expanding to three days in 2005. The name Download was chosen for the festival for two reasons, downloading was a dirty word in the music industry at the time, due to file sharing, and rock is seen as a rebellious genre of music. Also Download was to be a Monsters of Rock for the 21st century, the 2003 festival tickets had a code on them, which would allow festival goers to download tracks from bands which had played. Although this idea has been dropped in subsequent years, the organizers have nurtured an online community through the Download Festival Forums. The forums also provide face to face feedback through the Fan Forum meetings and organise the Boardie BBQ and the Boardie Takeover night, football tournaments, campers who arrive on a Wednesday night. When Download began, it took place on the Donington Park circuit infield as had Monsters of Rock, however in 2008 developments for Formula One meant that the infield was no longer suitable as a festival site. 2008 saw a move to the Sunday Markets site to the west of the circuit, although adequate, numbers were limited and the location of the campsite meant that getting from tents to the arena was quite a hike. 2009 saw the move to a much more suitable location to the south of the circuit. Security for the festival has constantly been undertaken by professional crowd management specialists Showsec, since 2009 there has been on-site radio broadcasting from Rock Radio on 87. 7FM. This RSL broadcast has aired music from bands, interviews and news to the festival site. The Download Dog is the mascot of the Download Festival. The first Download Festival was held on 31 May –1 June 2003, the headliners were originally Iron Maiden and Limp Bizkit, although Limp Bizkit pulled out and were replaced by Audioslave. Metallica attempted to step in as headliners, but were due to already being headliners at that years Reading. Instead, they played an unannounced secret slot in the afternoon on the stage, with no sound check. Chevelle were scheduled to play the Scuzz stage on Sunday but pulled out at the last minute, instruction, playing their second set of the festival, stepped in as the replacements
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