1.
Elvis Presley
–
Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is referred to as the King of Rock and Roll. Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis and his music career began there in 1954, when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a popularizer of rockabilly. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys first RCA single, Heartbreak Hotel, was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. He was regarded as the figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances. In November 1956, Presley made his debut in Love Me Tender. In 1958, he was drafted into military service, in 1973, Presley featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii. Several years of drug abuse severely damaged his health. Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century and he won three Grammys, also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. Presley was born on January 8,1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to Gladys Love and Vernon Elvis Presley, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered stillborn 35 minutes before his own birth. Thus, as a child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an especially close bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God, where he found his musical inspiration. Although he was in conflict with the Pentecostal church in his later years, rev. Rex Humbard officiated at his funeral, as Presley had been an admirer of Humbards ministry. Presleys ancestry was primarily a Western European mix, including Scots-Irish, Scottish, German, gladyss great-great-grandmother, Morning Dove White, was possibly a Cherokee Native American. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family, Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evincing little ambition. The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance, the Presleys survived the F5 tornado in the 1936 Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreak. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of kiting a check written by the landowner, Orville S. Bean and he was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives
Elvis Presley
–
Presley in a publicity photograph for the 1957 film
Jailhouse Rock
Elvis Presley
–
Presley's birthplace in
Tupelo, Mississippi
Elvis Presley
–
Presley in a
Sun Records promotional photograph, 1954
Elvis Presley
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The "iconic cover" of
Presley's 1956 debut album featuring a photo taken July 31, 1955, in Tampa, Florida
2.
Mary Tyler Moore
–
She was later active in charity work and various political causes, particularly the issues of animal rights and diabetes. She was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes early in the run of The Mary Tyler Moore Show and she also suffered from alcoholism, which she wrote about in her first of two memoirs. In May 2011, Moore underwent elective surgery to remove a benign meningioma. She died from cardiopulmonary arrest due to pneumonia at the age of 80 on January 25,2017, Moore was born in Brooklyn, New York, to George Tyler Moore, a clerk, and his wife Marjorie Hackett. Moore was the oldest of three children, Moores family lived on Ocean Parkway in the Flatbush section of Brooklyn. Her paternal great-grandfather, Lieutenant Colonel Lewis Tilghman Moore, owned the house which is now the Stonewall Jacksons Headquarters Museum in Winchester, when she was eight years old, Moores family moved to Los Angeles at the recommendation of Moores uncle, an MCA employee. She was raised Catholic, and attended St. Rose of Lima Parochial School in Brooklyn until the third grade and she then attended Saint Ambrose School in Los Angeles, followed by Immaculate Heart High School in Los Feliz, California. Moores sister, Elizabeth, died at age 21 from a combination of. painkillers, Moore decided at age 17 that she wanted to be a dancer. Her television career began with Moores first job as Happy Hotpoint, after appearing in 39 Hotpoint commercials in five days, she received approximately $6,000. She became pregnant while working as Happy and Hotpoint ended her work when it was too difficult to conceal her pregnancy with the elf costume. Moore modeled anonymously on the covers of a number of albums and auditioned for the role of the older daughter of Danny Thomas for his long-running TV show. Much later, Thomas explained that she missed it by a nose, no daughter of mine could ever have a nose that small. Moores first regular role was as a mysterious and glamorous telephone receptionist on Richard Diamond. On the show, Moores voice was heard, but only her legs appeared on camera, about this time, she guest-starred on John Cassavetess NBC detective series Johnny Staccato. She also guest-starred in Bachelor Father in the episode titled Bentley, the show was produced by Danny Thomass company, and Thomas himself recommended her. He remembered Moore as the girl with three names whom he had turned down earlier, Moores energetic comic performances as Van Dykes characters wife, begun at age 24, made both the actress and her signature tight capri pants extremely popular, and she became internationally known. When she won her first Emmy Award for her portrayal of Laura Petrie, she said, the Mary Tyler Moore Show is a half-hour newsroom sitcom featuring Ed Asner as her gruff boss Lou Grant. The premise of the working womans life, alternating during the program between work and home, became a television staple
Mary Tyler Moore
–
Moore at
Broadway Barks, 2011
Mary Tyler Moore
–
Moore in
Johnny Staccato, 1960
Mary Tyler Moore
–
With
Dick Van Dyke, 1966
Mary Tyler Moore
–
The original cast of The Mary Tyler Moore Show, 1970. Top:
Valerie Harper (
Rhoda),
Ed Asner (
Lou Grant),
Cloris Leachman (
Phyllis). Bottom:
Gavin MacLeod (Murray), Moore,
Ted Knight (Ted).
3.
Russell Metty
–
Russell Metty, A. S. C. was an American cinematographer who won the Academy Award Best Cinematography, Color, for the 1960 film Spartacus. Mettys career began around 1925 as an assistant with Standard Film Laboratory and he became a regular cameraman at Universal Studios, and was a regular collaborator with the German film director Douglas Sirk, making eleven films all together with Sirk. Wins Academy Awards, Oscar, Best Cinematography, Color, for Spartacus, nominations Laurel Awards, Golden Laurel, Top Cinematography – Color, for Imitation of Life 5th place,1959. Academy Awards, Oscar, Best Cinematography, Color, for Flower Drum Song,1962
Russell Metty
–
Promotional image
Russell Metty
–
With
Ann Blyth on the set of
A Woman's Vengeance (1948)
Russell Metty
–
Director
Stanley Kubrick looking through camera with cinematographer Russell Metty (in hat) standing behind, on set for
Spartacus (1960).
4.
NBC Productions
–
Universal Television is the television production subsidiary of the NBCUniversal Television Group and, by extension, the production arm of the NBC television network. It was formerly known as Revue Studios, MCA/Universal, NBC Studios, NBC Universal Television Studio, both NBC Studios and Universal Network Television are predecessors of Universal Media Studios. Revue Productions was founded in 1943 by MCA to produce live radio shows, Revue was re-launched as MCAs television production subsidiary in 1950. The partnership of NBC and Revue extends as far back as September 6,1950, with the television broadcast of Armour Theatre, MCA bought the Universal Studios lot in 1958 and was renamed Revue Studios. Following its merger with Decca Records, the then-parent of Universal Pictures, during the early years of television, Revue was responsible for producing and/or distributing many television classics. The most noteworthy included Leave It to Beaver, which ran for one season on CBS before going to ABC from 1958 until 1963. It produced Bachelor Father, for Bachelor Productions, Edmond OBriens syndicated crime drama Johnny Midnight, another of its offerings was the 52-episode Crusader, the first Brian Keith series, which ran on CBS 1955–1956. Also McHales Navy was produced by Revue from 1962 to 1966, in December 1958 MCA/Revue purchased Universal Studioss 367 acre backlot to produce television series, then leased it back to Universal for a million dollars a year for a decade. Wagon Train was the only Revue-produced TV show ever to finish an American television season in first place, NBC Productions was founded in 1947 by RCA. In 1996, the company was renamed NBC Studios, in 2004, NBC Studios was merged with Universal Network Television to form NBC Universal Television Studio. MCA TV was founded in 1951, several years before parent MCAs purchase of the US branch of Decca Records, for more than four decades, it was one of the most active syndicators of television programming. MCA Television and Paramount Domestic Television had formed Premier Advertiser Sales, as a possible outgrowth of this sales joint venture, MCA and Paramount began plans for a new network, Premier Program Service. MCA Television Entertainment was formed in 1987 and it primarily dealt with made-for-TV movies and series like Dream On that were made for cable networks like HBO. Like MCA TV, in 1996 it was renamed Universal Television Entertainment, EMKA, Ltd. is the holding company responsible for a majority of the pre-1950 Paramount Pictures sound library. As an official part of the Universal Pictures library, they are part of the television unit. The first incarnation of Universal Television was reincorporated from Revue Productions in 1966,4 years after MCA bought Universal Pictures, uni TV also co-produced many shows with Jack Webbs Mark VII Limited such as Emergency. Adam-12 and a revival of the 1951 series Dragnet. I, which received critical acclaim and several TV movie spin-offs after their cancellations. In 1990, MCA/Uni TV began the Law & Order franchise, in 1996, MCA was reincorporated as Universal Studios
NBC Productions
–
Universal Television
5.
Universal Pictures
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Universal Pictures is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group division of its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal. The company was founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley and its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City. Universal Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America and is one of Hollywoods Big Six studios. Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, one story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the days takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons, for Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures, in June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. Laemmle broke with Edisons custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers, by naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as The Biograph Girl, the Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York on April 30,1912. Laemmle, who emerged as president in July 1912, was the figure in the partnership with Dintenfass, Baumann, Kessel, Powers, Swanson, Horsley. Eventually all would be out by Laemmle. Following the westward trend of the industry, by the end of 1912 the company was focusing its efforts in the Hollywood area. On March 15,1915, Laemmle opened the worlds largest motion picture production facility, Universal City Studios, studio management became the third facet of Universals operations, with the studio incorporated as a distinct subsidiary organization. Unlike other movie moguls, Laemmle opened his studio to tourists, Universal became the largest studio in Hollywood, and remained so for a decade. However, it sought an audience mostly in towns, producing mostly inexpensive melodramas, westerns. In its early years Universal released three brands of feature films — Red Feather, low-budget programmers, Bluebird, more ambitious productions, and Jewel, their prestige motion pictures. Directors included Jack Conway, John Ford, Rex Ingram, Robert Z. Leonard, George Marshall and Lois Weber, despite Laemmles role as an innovator, he was an extremely cautious studio chief. Unlike rivals Adolph Zukor, William Fox, and Marcus Loew and he also financed all of his own films, refusing to take on debt. Character actor Lon Chaney became a card for Universal in the 1920s
Universal Pictures
–
Mark Dintenfass was co-founder of Universal Studios.
Universal Pictures
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Universal Studios Inc.
Universal Pictures
–
Boris Karloff in
Bride of Frankenstein (1935)
Universal Pictures
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Ceremonial gate to Universal Studios Hollywood (the theme park attached to the studio lot)
6.
Musical film
–
The musical film is a film genre in which songs sung by the characters are interwoven into the narrative, sometimes accompanied by dancing. The songs usually advance the plot or develop the characters, though in some cases they serve merely as breaks in the storyline. The musical film was a development of the stage musical after the emergence of sound film technology. Typically, the biggest difference between film and stage musicals is the use of background scenery and locations that would be impractical in a theater. Musical films characteristically contain elements reminiscent of theater, performers often treat their song, in a sense, the viewer becomes the diegetic audience, as the performer looks directly into the camera and performs to it. The 1930s through the early 1950s are considered to be the age of the musical film. Musical short films were made by Lee de Forest in 1923–24, beginning in 1926, thousands of Vitaphone shorts were made, many featuring bands, vocalists and dancers. The Jazz Singer, released in 1927 by Warner Brothers, was the first to include a track including non-diegetic music and diegetic music. This feature-length film was also a musical, featuring Al Jolson singing Dirty Hands, Dirty Face, Toot, Toot, Tootsie, Blue Skies and My Mammy. Historian Scott Eyman wrote, As the film ended and applause grew with the houselights and she saw terror in all their faces, she said, as if they knew that the game they had been playing for years was finally over. Still, only isolated sequences featured live sound, most of the film had only a musical score. In 1928, Warner Brothers followed this up with another Jolson part-talkie, The Singing Fool, theaters scrambled to install the new sound equipment and to hire Broadway composers to write musicals for the screen. The first all-talking feature, Lights of New York, included a sequence in a night club. The enthusiasm of audiences was so great that in less than an all the major studios were making sound pictures exclusively. The Broadway Melody had a plot about two sisters competing for a charming song-and-dance man. Advertised by MGM as the first All-Talking, All-Singing, All-Dancing feature film, it was a hit, there was a rush by the studios to hire talent from the stage to star in lavishly filmed versions of Broadway hits. The Love Parade starred Maurice Chevalier and newcomer Jeanette MacDonald, written by Broadway veteran Guy Bolton, Warner Brothers produced the first screen operetta, The Desert Song in 1929. They spared no expense and photographed a large percentage of the film in Technicolor and this was followed by the first all-color, all-talking musical feature which was entitled On with the Show
Musical film
–
Film poster for
Top Hat (1935)
Musical film
–
Bollywood dances usually follow or are choreographed to
filmi songs.
7.
Nun
–
A nun is a member of a religious community of women, typically one living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The term nun is applicable to Catholics, Orthodox Christians, Anglicans, Lutherans, Jains, Buddhists, Taoists, Hindus, Mother Teresas Missionaries of Charity, lives an active vocation of both prayer and service, often to the needy, ill, poor, and uneducated. All Buddhist traditions have nuns, although their status is different among Buddhist countries, fully ordained Buddhist nuns have more Patimokkha rules than the monks. The important vows are the same, however, as with monks, there is quite a lot of variation in nuns dress and social conventions between Buddhist cultures in Asia. Chinese nuns possess the full ordination, Tibetan nuns do not. In Thailand, a country never had a tradition of fully ordained nuns. However, some of them have played an important role in dhamma-practitioners community. There are in Thai Forest Tradition foremost nuns such as Mae Ji Kaew Sianglam, the founder of the Nunnery of Baan Huai Saai, who is believed by some to be enlightened as well as Upāsikā Kee Nanayon. At the beginning of the 21st century, some Buddhist women in Thailand have started to introduce the bhikkhuni sangha in their country as well, dhammananda Bhikkhuni, formerly the successful academic scholar Dr. Chatsumarn Kabilsingh, established a controversial monastery for the training of Buddhist nuns in Thailand. The relatively active roles of Taiwanese nuns were noted by some studies, researcher Charles Brewer Jones estimates that from 1952 to 1999, when the Buddhist Association of the ROC organized public ordination, female applicants have outnumbered males by about three to one. He adds, All my informants in the areas of Taipei and Sanhsia considered nuns at least as respectable as monks, in contrast, however, Shiu-kuen Tsung found in Taipei county that female clergy were viewed with some suspicion by society. She reports that while outsiders did not necessarily regard their vocation as unworthy of respect, wei-yi Cheng studied Luminary order in southern Taiwan. Based on studies of Luminary order, Cheng concluded that the order in Taiwan was still young and gave nuns more rooms of development. Gelongma ordination requires the presence of ten fully ordained people keeping exactly the same vows, because ten nuns are required to ordain a new one, the effort to establish the Dharmaguptaka bhikkhu tradition has taken a long time. It is permissible for a Tibetan nun to receive ordination from another living tradition. Based on this, Western nuns ordained in Tibetan tradition, like Thubten Chodron, the ordination of monks and nuns in Tibetan Buddhism distinguishes three stages, rabjung-ma, getshül-ma and gelong-ma. The clothes of the nuns in Tibet are basically the same as those of monks, hokke-ji in 747 was established by the consort of the Emperor. It took charge of provincial convents, performed ceremonies for the protection of the state, aristocratic Japanese women often became Buddhist nuns in the premodern period
Nun
–
Nuns
Nun
Nun
Nun
8.
Ordinary People
–
Ordinary People is a 1980 American drama film that marked the directorial debut of actor Robert Redford. The film stars Donald Sutherland, Mary Tyler Moore, Judd Hirsch, the story concerns the disintegration of an upper-middle class family in Lake Forest, Illinois, following the death of one of their sons in a boating accident. The screenplay by Alvin Sargent was based upon the 1976 novel Ordinary People by Judith Guest, the film received six Academy Award nominations and won four, the Academy Award for Best Picture, Best Director for Redford, Adapted Screenplay for Sargent, and Supporting Actor for Hutton. In addition, it won five Golden Globes, Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Actress in a Drama, Best Supporting Actor, and Best Screenplay. The Jarretts are a family in suburban Chicago trying to return to normal life after the death of one teenaged son. Conrad has recently returned home from a stay in a psychiatric hospital. He feels alienated from his friends and family and begins seeing a psychiatrist, Berger learns that Conrad was involved in a sailing accident in which his older brother, Buck, whom everyone idolized, died. Conrad now deals with post-traumatic stress disorder and survivors guilt, Conrads father, Calvin, awkwardly tries to connect with his surviving son and understand his wife. Conrads mother, Beth, denies her loss, hoping to maintain her composure and restore her family to what it once was and she appears to have loved her older son more, and because of the suicide attempt, has grown cold toward Conrad. She is determined to maintain the appearance of perfection and normality, Conrad works with Dr. Berger and learns to try to deal with, rather than control, his emotions. He starts dating a student, Jeannine, who helps him to begin to regain a sense of optimism. Conrad, however, still struggles to communicate and re-establish a normal relationship with his parents and schoolmates, including Stillman and he cannot seem to allow anyone, especially Beth, to get close. Beth makes several constrained attempts to appeal to Conrad for some semblance of normality and she is consistently more interested in getting back to normal than in helping her son heal. Mother and son often argue while Calvin tries to referee, generally taking Conrads side for fear of pushing him over the edge again. Things come to a climax near Christmas, when Conrad becomes furious at Beth for not wanting to take a photo with him, afterward, Beth discovers Conrad has been lying about his after-school whereabouts. This leads to an argument between Conrad and Beth in which Conrad points out that Beth never visited him in the hospital. Beth replies, Buck never would have been in the hospital, Beth and Calvin take a trip to see Beth’s brother in Houston, where Calvin confronts Beth, calling her out on her attitude. Conrad suffers a setback when he learns that Karen, a friend of his from the hospital, has committed suicide
Ordinary People
–
Theatrical release poster
9.
Edward Asner
–
Yitzhak Edward Ed Asner is an American actor, voice actor and a former president of the Screen Actors Guild. He is also known for portraying Santa Claus in the comedy film Elf and its animated remake Elf, in 2009, he starred as the voice of Carl Fredricksen in Pixars animated film Up, and made a guest appearance on CSI, NY in the episode Yahrzeit. In early 2011, Asner returned to television as butcher Hank Greziak in Working Class and he starred in the Canadian television series Michael, Tuesdays and Thursdays, on CBC Television and has appeared in the 2013 television series The Glades. Asner has most recently starred as Guy Redmayne, a wealthy, Asner was born on November 15,1929 in Kansas City, Missouri. His Jewish Russian-born parents, Lizzie, a housewife, and David Morris Asner ran a second-hand shop and he was raised in an Orthodox Jewish family. Asner attended Wyandotte High School in Kansas City, Kansas, and he worked on the assembly line for General Motors. Asner served with the U. S. Army Signal Corps, following his military service, Asner joined the Playwrights Theatre Company in Chicago, but left for New York City before members of that company regrouped as the Compass Players in the mid-1950s. He later made guest appearances with the successor to Compass, The Second City, in New York City, Asner played Jonathan Jeremiah Peachum in the Off-Broadway revival of Threepenny Opera, and began to make inroads as a television actor. There were two performances on television. The first was as Detective Sgt and he was also cast on Jack Lords ABC drama series Stoney Burke and in the series finale of CBSs The Reporter, starring Harry Guardino. He also appeared on Mr. Novak, Mission, Impossible, Asner also played a minor character in childrens television show W. I. T. C. H. Asner is best known for his character Lou Grant, who was first introduced on The Mary Tyler Moore Show in 1970, in 1977, after the series, Asners character was given his own show, Lou Grant. In contrast to the Mary Tyler Moore series, a thirty-minute comedy, other television series starring Asner in regular roles include Thunder Alley, The Bronx Zoo and Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip. Additionally, he appeared as a veteran streetwise officer in an episode of the 1973 version of Police Story. Asner was acclaimed for his role in the ABC miniseries Roots, as Captain Davies, the morally conflicted captain of the Lord Ligonier and that role earned Asner an Emmy Award, as did the similarly dark role of Axel Jordache in the miniseries Rich Man, Poor Man. In contrast, he played a former Pontiff in the role of Papa Giovanni, Ioannes XXIII. Asner has also had a voice acting career. In 1987, he performed the role of the character, George F. Babbitt
Edward Asner
–
Asner in 1985, age 56
Edward Asner
–
Asner in May 2013
Edward Asner
–
Asner at the 2012
Phoenix Comicon
10.
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
–
The program featured American televisions first never-married, independent career woman as the central character. It is one of the most acclaimed television programs in US television history and it received high praise from critics during its run, including Emmy Awards for Outstanding Comedy Series three years in a row, and continued to be honored long after the final episode aired. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked The Mary Tyler Moore Show No.6 in its list of the 101 Best Written TV Series of All Time. Mary Richards is a woman who, at age 30. She applies for a job at television station WJM. She is instead offered the position of associate producer of the stations Six OClock News and she befriends her tough but lovable boss Lou Grant, newswriter Murray Slaughter, and buffoonish anchorman Ted Baxter. Mary later becomes producer of the show, Mary rents a third-floor studio apartment in a 19th-century house from acquaintance and downstairs landlady, Phyllis Lindstrom, and she and upstairs neighbor Rhoda Morgenstern become best friends. Characters introduced later in the series are acerbic, man-hungry TV hostess Sue Ann Nivens, at the beginning of season 6, after both Rhoda and Phyllis have moved away, Mary relocates to a one-bedroom high-rise apartment. In the third season, issues such as pay for women, pre-marital sex. In the fourth season, such subjects as marital infidelity and divorce are explored with Phyllis and Lou, in the fifth season, Mary refuses to reveal a news source and is jailed for contempt of court. While in jail, she befriends a prostitute who seeks Marys help in a subsequent episode, Mary dates several men on and off over the years, two seriously, but remains single throughout the series. In 1995, Entertainment Weekly said that TVs most famous bachelorette pad was Marys apartment, the fictitious address was 119 North Weatherly, but the exterior establishing shots were of a real house in Minneapolis at 2104 Kenwood Parkway. In the real house, an unfinished attic occupied the space behind the window recreated on the studio set of Marys apartment. Once fans of the series discovered where exterior shots had been taken, according to Moore, the woman who lived in the house was overwhelmed by the people showing up and asking if Mary was around. To discourage crews from filming footage of the house, the owners placed an Impeach Nixon sign beneath the window where Mary supposedly lived. The house continued to attract 30 tour buses a day more than a decade after production ended, at the time of Mary Tyler Moores death, on January 25,2017, the Kenwood Parkway house was for sale at $1.7 million. Mary Richards, a single native Minnesotan, moves to Minneapolis in 1970 at age 30 and her sincere, kind demeanor often acts as a foil for the personalities of her co-workers and friends. Lou Grant is the Producer of the news and his tough and grumpy demeanor initially hides his kind-hearted nature which is gradually revealed as the series progresses
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
–
Opening title
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
–
The house on Kenwood Parkway
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
–
First season cast: (left top) Harper, Asner, Leachman; (left bottom) MacLeod, Moore, Knight. Last season cast: (right top) Knight, MacLeod, Asner; (right bottom) White, Engel, Moore.
The Mary Tyler Moore Show
–
Final episode, 1977
11.
Ghetto
–
A ghetto is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially because of social, legal, or economic pressure. The term was used in Venice to describe the part of the city to which Jews were restricted and segregated. The term has been applied in various contexts, the word ghetto comes from the Jewish area of Venice, the Venetian Ghetto in Cannaregio. However, there is no agreement among etymologists about the origins of the Venetian language term, by 1899 the term had been extended to crowded urban quarters of other minority groups. In Northern Ireland, towns and cities have long been segregated along ethnic, religious, Northern Irelands two main communities are its Irish nationalist/republican community and its unionist/loyalist community. Ghettos emerged in Belfast during the riots that accompanied the Irish War of Independence, for safety, people fled to areas where their community was the majority. They then sealed off these neighborhoods with barricades to keep out rioters or gunmen from the other side, many more ghettos emerged after the 1969 riots and beginning of the Troubles. In August 1969 the British Army was deployed to restore order, the government built barriers called peace lines. Many of the ghettos came under the control of such as the Provisional Irish Republican Army. One of the most notable ghettos was Free Derry, the existence of ethnic enclaves in the United Kingdom is controversial. By 2001, two London boroughs – Newham and Brent – had minority majority populations, and most parts of the city tend to have a diverse population, in France, a banlieue is a suburb of a large city. Banlieues are divided into autonomous entities and do not constitute part of the city proper. For instance, 80% of the inhabitants of the Paris area live outside the city of Paris, a Jewish quarter is the area of a city traditionally inhabited by Jews in the diaspora. Jewish quarters, like the Jewish ghettos in Europe, were often the outgrowths of segregated ghettos instituted by the surrounding authorities, a Yiddish term for a Jewish quarter or neighborhood is Di yiddishe gas, or The Jewish street. Many European and Middle Eastern cities once had a historical Jewish quarter, Jewish ghettos in Europe existed because Jews were viewed as alien. As a result, Jews were placed under strict regulations throughout many European cities, the character of ghettos has varied through times. In some cases, the ghetto was a Jewish quarter with an affluent population. In other cases, ghettos were places of terrible poverty and during periods of growth, ghettos, had narrow streets and tall
Ghetto
–
The main square of the
Venetian Ghetto.
Ghetto
–
A "peace line" in Belfast, seen from the Irish nationalist/republican side. The small back gardens of houses are protected by cages as missiles are sometimes thrown from the other side
Ghetto
–
Mural at the edge of a loyalist ghetto in Belfast
Ghetto
–
Demolition of the Jewish ghetto,
Frankfurt, 1868.
12.
Barbara McNair
–
Barbara Jean McNair was an American singer, theater, television and film actress. McNairs career spanned five decades appearing in television, film. McNairs professional career began in music during the late 1950s, singing in the nightclub circuit, in 1958, McNair released her debut single Till There Was You from Coral Records, which was a commercial success. McNair performed all across the world, touring with Nat King Cole and later appearing in his Broadway stage show Im With You and The Merry World of Nat King Cole in the early 1960s. By the 1970s, McNair gradually changed over to acting in films and television, appearing in films alongside Sidney Poitier such as They Call Me Mister Tibbs. in her later years, McNair returned to performing in nightclubs and on cruise ships. McNair died from cancer on February 4,2007 at age 72. Born in Chicago, Illinois to Horace McNair and Claudia McNair, McNairs family which consisted of four siblings moved to Racine. With her parents persuasion, McNair began singing in school productions, McNair studied music at the American Conservatory of Music in Chicago. McNairs big break came with a win on Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts, which led to bookings at The Purple Onion, among her hit records while recording for the Coral, Signature, Motown, and TEC Recording Studios labels, were Youre Gonna Love My Baby and Bobby. In the early 1960s, McNair made several shorts for Scopitone. In 1967 McNair traveled with Bob Hope to Southeast Asia to perform for U. S. troops during the Vietnam War. McNairs acting career began on television, as a guest on such as Dr. Kildare, The Eleventh Hour, I Spy, Mission, Impossible, Hogans Heroes and McMillan. McNair posed nude for Playboy in the October 1968 issue and she portrayed Sidney Poitiers wife in They Call Me Mister Tibbs. and its sequel, The Organization, and George Jeffersons deranged ex-girlfriend Yvonne in The Jeffersons. McNairs Broadway credits include The Body Beautiful, No Strings, McNair starred in her own 1969 television variety series The Barbara McNair Show, becoming one of the first black women to host her own musical variety show. The show, which was produced in Canada by CTV, lasted three seasons in syndication in the United States until 1972. She married Frederick Andrew Manzie, who managed McNair and produced the show with Burt Rosen, McNair was a headliner at Las Vegas hotels like the Sahara. She also appeared on TV game shows in the 1960s, including You Dont Say, Hollywood Squares and she was also a VIP guest on the talk shows of Johnny Carson, Joey Bishop, Mike Douglas, and Merv Griffin. In October 1972, McNair was arrested for possession of heroin at the Playboy Club in New Jersey
Barbara McNair
–
McNair in 1967.
Barbara McNair
–
McNair with
Jim Nabors on his television show, 1970.
13.
Jane Elliot
–
Jane Elliot is an American actress, best known for her role as Tracy Quartermaine in the ABC daytime soap opera, General Hospital. Elliot was born in New York City and she was married to Luis Rojas and has two children. Elliot made her debut in the short-lived ABC soap A Flame in the Wind in 1965. She later guest-starred in a number of series, like The Mod Squad, Kojak, Barnaby Jones. Elliot also co-starred in films Change of Habit opposite Elvis Presley and Mary Tyler Moore and she had a lead role in the short-lived NBC series Rosetti and Ryan in 1977. Elliot is best known for her role as Tracy Quartermaine on the ABC daytime soap opera General Hospital, Elliot debuted in 1978 and became a fan favorite. Her first stint was highlighted by an episode in which Tracy withholds her fathers heart medication when he appears to be suffering a heart attack, Elliot left in 1980 and won a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for the role in 1981. The same year, she landed the role of Judy Trent on the prime time CBS series Knots Landing. From 1981 to 1982, Elliot appeared on the CBS soap opera Guiding Light as Carrie Todd, from 1984 to 1986 she played All My Childrens Cynthia Chandler Preston Cortlandt, who marries a wealthy older man for his money while having an affair with his son. In 1987, Elliot appeared in the films Some Kind of Wonderful, after two years on Days of Our Lives, she returned to General Hospital in 1989, and in 1991 was reunited with Kurth, who was cast as Tracys son, Ned Ashton. Elliot left again in mid-1993, later becoming a producer on the 1995 ABC soap opera The City, from 1996 to 1997 she reprised the role of Tracy Quartermaine on The City after briefly appearing as Tracy again on General Hospital. In 2003, Elliot returned to General Hospital as a regular cast member, in 2014, she was nominated for another Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series,33 years after her win and 21 years since her last nomination. Elliot announced her retirement in March 2017, Jane Elliot at the Internet Movie Database Jane Elliot bio - Soap Opera Digest
Jane Elliot
–
Elliot on
Rosetti and Ryan in 1977
14.
Leora Dana
–
Leora Dana was an American film, stage and television actress. Dana was a graduate of Barnard College and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, in 1947, Dana made her stage debut in London. In 1948, she debuted on Broadway in The Madwoman of Chaillot, after appearing in the 1957 western 3,10 to Yuma with Van Heflin and Glenn Ford, Dana had supporting roles in two 1958 Frank Sinatra films, Kings Go Forth and Some Came Running. Her other film credits included Pollyanna, A Gathering of Eagles, The Group, The Boston Strangler, Change of Habit, wild Rovers, Shoot the Moon, Baby Its You, and Amityville 3-D. Dana guest-starred in three episodes of the television series Alfred Hitchcock Presents, in 1961, Dana appeared in an episode of the television series The Asphalt Jungle, and later appeared in the 1977 miniseries Seventh Avenue. In 1978-1979, Dana played the role of alcoholic clothing designer Sylvie Kosloff, Dana won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play in 1973 for The Last of Mrs. Lincoln and the Clarence Derwent Award for her work in The Madwoman of Chaillot. Dana was married to actor Kurt Kasznar from 1950 to 1958, Dana died of cancer, aged 60, December 13,1983. She was survived by a sister, Doris Dana
Leora Dana
–
Leora Dana in trailer for Some Came Running (1958)
15.
Regis Toomey
–
John Regis Toomey was an American film and television actor. Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he was one of four children of Francis X. and Mary Ellen Toomey and he initially pondered a law career, but acting won out and he established himself as a musical stage performer. Educated in dramatics at the University of Pittsburgh, where he became a brother of Sigma Chi, Toomey began as a stock actor, Toomey was a singer on stage until throat problems while touring in Europe stopped that aspect of his career. In 1929, he appeared in his first films, initially starting out as a leading man, Toomey appeared in over 180 films, including classics such as The Big Sleep with Humphrey Bogart. In 1941, Toomey appeared in Youre in the Army Now, in which he, in 1956, Toomey was cast as the Reverend Arnold Grumm in the episode Lifeline of the religion anthology series, Crossroads. That same year, he appeared as a judge, with Chuck Connors as Andy, in the episode, The Nevada Nightingale, of another anthology series, The Joseph Cotten Show, On Trial. Toomey thereafter appeared as the character Harry in the 1960 episode The Doctor, Toomey appeared in a number of episodes of Richard Diamond, Private Detective as Lt. McGough. In the 1961–1962 television season, he appeared in a role with George Nader in the syndicated crime drama Shannon about insurance investigators. About this time he appeared on the NBC western series, The Tall Man, starring Barry Sullivan and he also made two guest appearances on Perry Mason, including the role of murderer Sam Crane in the 1960 episode, The Case of the Loquacious Liar. From 1963 to 1966, Toomey was one of the stars of the ABC crime drama, Burkes Law and he played Sergeant Les Hart, one of the detectives assisting the murder investigations of the millionaire police captain Amos Burke. Toomey also appeared in the CBS western series, Rawhide episode Incident of the Tinkers Dam as TJ Wishbone and he guest-starred on dozens of television programs, including the popular Shady Deal at Sunny Acres episode of ABCs Maverick. In 1968, after the death of Bea Benaderet who played Kate Bradley, Toomey played a role in the CBS series. Appearing as Dr. Stuart, who cared for the citizens of Hooterville, Dr. Janet Craig, played by June Lockhart, was introduced as the new female lead for the show in the episode The Lady Doctor. Toomey died at age 93 on October 12,1991, Regis Toomey at the Internet Movie Database Regis Toomey at the TCM Movie Database Regis Toomey at Find a Grave
Regis Toomey
–
Regis Toomey
16.
Ruth McDevitt
–
Ruth McDevitt was an American stage, film, radio and television actress. She was born Ruth Thane Shoecraft in Coldwater, Michigan, after attending the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, she married Patrick McDevitt and decided to devote her time to her marriage. After her husbands death in 1934, she returned to acting and she performed on Broadway, in particular understudying and succeeding Josephine Hull in Arsenic and Old Lace and The Solid Gold Cadillac. She also worked as a radio actor, McDevitt was a familiar face on television during the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. She played Mom Peepers in the 1950s sitcom Mister Peepers and she was a regular with Ann Sheridan, Douglas Fowley, and Gary Vinson in CBSs Pistols n Petticoats, a 1966-67 satire of the Old West. The series attracted an audience, but was cancelled two months after Sheridans 1967 death from cancer. She was a regular on the NBC soap Bright Promise from September 1969 to June 1970, McDevitt also had a regular role as Emily Cowles on Kolchak. Change of Habit, The War Between Men and Women, McDevitt died, aged 80, in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California and is interred in Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery. Ruth McDevitt at the Internet Broadway Database Ruth McDevitt at the Internet Movie Database Ruth McDevitt at the University of Wisconsins Actor Studio audio collection Ruth McDevitt at Find a Grave
Ruth McDevitt
–
McDevitt in 1950.
17.
Richard Carlson (actor)
–
Richard Dutoit Carlson was an American actor, television and film director, and screenwriter. The son of a Danish-born lawyer, Carlson was born in Albert Lea, Carlson majored in drama at the University of Minnesota, where he wrote and directed plays and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He graduated cum laude with a Master of Arts degree, Carlson then opened his own repertory theater in Saint Paul, Minnesota. When the theater failed, Carlson moved to New York City, in 1935, Carlson made his acting debut on Broadway in Three Men on a Horse, and appeared with Ethel Barrymore in Ghost of Yankee Doodle and Whiteoaks. In 1937, he wrote and staged the play Western Waters, Carlson then moved to California, where he joined the Pasadena Playhouse. Carlsons first film role was in the 1938 David O. Selznick comedy The Young in Heart and he worked as a freelance actor for different studios, and his film appearances included Too Many Girls with Lucille Ball, and The Little Foxes. During World War II, Carlson served in the United States Navy, when he returned to Hollywood, he had few offers of employment, and turned to writing to supplement his income. In 1948, Carlson was cast in two low-budget film noir releases, Behind Locked Doors and The Amazing Mr. X. In 1950, he co-starred with Deborah Kerr and Stewart Granger in the highly successful adventure film King Solomons Mines, filmed on location in the Kenya Colony and the Belgian Congo. While shooting in Africa, Carlson wrote a series of articles for The Saturday Evening Post, for the rest of the 1950s, Carlson worked steadily, finding a niche in the newly re-emergent genres of science fiction and horror. He was cast in several B movies, including 3-D films, The Maze, The Magnetic Monster, It Came from Outer Space with Barbara Rush, and Creature from the Black Lagoon with Julia Adams. His success in the genre led him to the chair for the 1954 science fiction film Riders to the Stars. In 1957 and 1958, Carlson played Mr. Fiction Writer in three of the nine films made for television collectively titled The Bell Laboratory Science Series and he also directed his final film for the project, The Unchained Goddess. On July 14,1951, Carlson and then U. S, senator Hubert Humphrey were the guests on the CBS live variety show, Faye Emersons Wonderful Town, in which hostess Faye Emerson visited Minneapolis to accent the kinds of music popular in the city. In addition to writing and directing film and television projects. He was featured in 1957 in The Helen Morgan Story, the series is set at the former Fort Clark near Brackettville in southwestern Texas, where the real Mackenzie was stationed during much of the 1870s. However, the episodes were filmed at the former Corriganville Movie Ranch in Simi Valley, in the series theme, Mackenzie and his men must protect the American border from an assortment of outlaws from both the United States and Mexico. Yet the Raiders cannot risk being caught within Mexico, or they would lose the support of their own government
Richard Carlson (actor)
–
Richard Carlson in 1940
18.
Timothy Carey
–
Timothy Agoglia Carey was an American film and television character actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, Carey was best known for portraying manic or violent characters who are driven to extremes. One of Careys most recognized early roles was in the Stanley Kubrick film The Killing, because of the impression Carey made in this small part, Kubrick cast him in the World War I drama Paths of Glory, as one of three soldiers accused of cowardice. During the filming of Paths of Glory, Carey was reportedly disruptive, due to this behavior, a scene in which Carey and the other actors were served a duck dinner as a final meal before execution required 57 takes to complete. Carey then faked his own kidnapping to reap personal publicity, which prompted Kubrick and producer James B. Harris to fire him. As a result of this incident, the film does not depict the three condemned soldiers during the scene, and a double was used during a scene in which a priest hears Careys characters confession. The scene was filmed with the back to the camera. The 1957 film Bayou featured one of Careys few leading roles and he played a minor role as the Angel of Death in the comedy film D. C. Cab, and appeared in the Monkees vehicle Head and his final appearance was in the 1986 movie Echo Park. Carey also did a select amount of acting on TV from the 1950s through the 1980s, according to director Quentin Tarantino, Carey auditioned for the role of Joe Cabot in Tarantinos Reservoir Dogs. Although Carey did not get the role, the screenplay was dedicated to him, Careys face is positioned behind George Harrison on the cover of The Beatles album Sgt. Although Careys image is not seen on the released version of the cover. Carey wrote, produced, directed, and starred in the 1962 feature The Worlds Greatest Sinner, whose soundtrack was scored by a young. Although it did not have wide commercial release, the film achieved cult status through repeated screenings at the movies in Los Angeles in the 1960s. This movie established Carey as a figure in independent film. Carey died of a stroke in 1994 at the age of 65 in Los Angeles, and was buried at Rose Hills Memorial Park in Whittier, California
Timothy Carey
–
Carey (left) & Emile Meyer in
Paths of Glory
19.
Pepe Hern
–
José Pepe Hernández Bethencourt, better known as Pepe Hern, was an American actor who played supporting roles, usually Spanish and Latins, throughout his career. Pepe Hern participated in nearly 50 films and he played their most important roles in the Borderline and Make Haste to Live films. He was brother of also actor Tom Hernández, Pepe Hern was born on June 6,1927, in New Jersey. His parents, Domingo Hernández and Dominga Bethencourt, were Spanish immigrants from Puerto de la Cruz on the island of Tenerife and he also had two older brothers, both born in the Canary Islands, one of which, Tom Hernández was also an actor. Pepe Hern debuted in his first film with only 21, under the command of Richard Fleischer, after this, Hern spanned his career for nearly forty years. It was William A. Seiter who gave to Hern his two most important roles of the 50s, in the films Borderline and Make Haste to Live, later, in 1968, Hern had a role in Madigan. In the following decades, Hern interpreted a peasant in The Magnificent Seven and this role was one of his last appearances in films. In 1980, Hern participated in an episode of Murder, She Wrote and in 1984, he participated in an episode of Hill Street Blues and he died on February 28,2009 in Los Angeles, California. This is a list of film of Pepe Hern This is a list of series in which he has appeared. Pepe Hern - películas, fotos, noticias, vídeos - www. hoycinema. com
Pepe Hern
–
Pepe Hern in a episode of
The Man Behind the Badge ("The Case of the Priceless Passport", 1955)
Pepe Hern
–
Pepe Hern in Joe Kidd
20.
Darlene Love
–
Darlene Wright, known by her stage name, Darlene Love is an American popular music singer and actress. She is ranked number 84 among Rolling Stones 100 Greatest Singers, as a ministers daughter, she grew up listening to gospel music and was a dedicated member of her church in San Antonio, Texas. She began singing in her church choir at age ten, during choir practice she caught the attention of choir director Cora Martin. After singing for Martin she was asked to go to the Music Mart where she sang and did some broadcasts, as it was her first musical experience, it was also the main influence for her to pursue a music career. Those who knew her described her vocals as a voice of a nightingale and she claimed, the choir was a big influence on my life. I call it my learning ground, singing in the choir, I learned harmony. As an actress, she is perhaps best remembered for playing officer Roger Murtaughs wife in the Lethal Weapon film series, Love was born Darlene Wright on July 26,1941 in Los Angeles, California as Darlene Wright to Ellen Maddox and Reverend Joe Wright. Her sister Edna grew up to be the singer of the group Honey Cone. She grew up in South Los Angeles, long before the tension, crime. Love later remembered the Los Angeles of her childhood as a city that existed mostly in peoples imaginations…, but for us, Los Angeles had nothing to do with movie stars or stubbly, hard-drinking gumshoes trying to piece together broken dreams after hours. For us, Los Angeles was contained in about 20 blocks, bookended on one side by our projects and playgrounds, Love began singing with her local church choir in Hawthorne, California. While still in school she was invited to join a little-known girl group called the Blossoms. They also appeared on Johnny Rivers hits, including Poor Side of Town Baby I Need Your Loving, the single Hes a Rebel was credited to the Crystals, but actually featured Love singing lead for the first time on a Phil Spector recording. As a solo artist, Love also contributed backing vocals to the Ronettes Baby and she was also part of a trio called Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans, who recorded Spectors version of Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah, an Oscar-winning song from the 1946 Walt Disney film Song of the South, the Blossoms landed a weekly part on Shindig. One of the top shows of the era. They were part of the highly acclaimed Elvis Presleys 68 Comeback Special, Christmas is a song recorded by Darlene Love for the 1963 holiday compilation album, A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector. The song was written by Jeff Barry and Ellie Greenwich, along with Phil Spector, according to Love, Ronnie Spector was not able to put as much emotion into the song as needed
Darlene Love
–
Darlene Love
21.
Colonel Tom Parker
–
Thomas Andrew Colonel Tom Parker was a Dutch-born American talent manager, best known as the manager of Elvis Presley. His management of Presley defined the role of masterminding talent management, Parkers healthy compensation has led some to question whether it came at the detriment of his client. While other managers took compensation in the range of 10–15 percent of earnings, Presley said of Parker, I dont think Id have ever been very big if it wasnt for him. For many years, Parker falsely claimed to have born in the United States. Parker was born in Breda, Netherlands, the seventh of 11 children in a Catholic family, as a boy, he worked as a barker at carnivals in his hometown, learning many of the skills that he would require in later life while working in the entertainment industry. At age 15, Parker moved to Rotterdam, gaining employment on the boats in the port town, at age 17, he first displayed signs of wanting to run away to America to make his fortune. A year later, with money to sustain him for a short period. During his first visit there, he traveled with a Chautauqua educative tent show, before returning briefly to the Netherlands. Alanna Nash would later write in The Colonel, her biography of him, Parker returned to America at age 20, finding work with carnivals due to his previous experience in the Netherlands. He enlisted in the United States Army, taking the name Tom Parker from the officer who interviewed him and he served two years in the 64th Coast Artillery, at Fort Shafter in Hawaii, and shortly afterwards re-enlisted at Fort Barrancas, Florida. Although Parker had served honorably before, he went AWOL this time and was charged with desertion. He was punished with solitary confinement, from which he emerged with a psychosis that led to two months in a hospital, and he was discharged from the Army due to his mental condition. Following his discharge, Parker worked at a number of jobs, including food concessions and he began to build up a list of contacts that would prove valuable in later years. In 1935, Parker married 27-year-old Marie Francis Mott and they struggled to survive through the Great Depression, working short cons and traveling the country seeking work. Parker would later claim that at times they had had to live on as little as $1 a week, Parker first became involved in the music industry as a music promoter in 1938, working with popular singer Gene Austin. Despite having sold over 86 million records since 1924 and earning over $17 million and he had wasted much of his fortune on partying, cars, mansions, and women, and his popularity had been eclipsed by new singers such as Bing Crosby. Parker, charged with the task of promoting the star, found the transition to be a smooth one, using much of his carny experience to sell tickets. He was a good promoter, but he had his sights set on management
Colonel Tom Parker
–
Parker in 1993.
22.
NBC
–
The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
NBC
–
The
Comcast Building in
New York City (or the GE Building, originally the
RCA Building) serves as the headquarters of NBC.
NBC
–
National Broadcasting Company
NBC
–
Radio City West was located at
Sunset Boulevard and
Vine Street in Los Angeles until it was replaced by a bank in the mid-1960s.
NBC
–
Entrance at the GE Building.
23.
Elvis (1968 TV program)
–
Elvis, starring Elvis Presley, is a United States television special that aired on December 3,1968 on the NBC television network. The special is commonly referred to as the 68 Comeback Special and it was directed by Steve Binder and produced by Binder and Bones Howe. Music from the special was released before the broadcast, on the album Elvis, Presleys informal jamming in front of a small audience in the special is regarded as a forerunner of the unplugged concept, later popularized by MTV. Despite huge success in both his music and acting careers following his release from the army in 1960, Presley never toured in the United States from 1962 to 1968. Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys manager, had found it difficult to secure the usual $1,000,000 fee for a Presley film. Parker negotiated a deal with NBC for $1,250,000 to finance both a special and a film. Parker wanted the show, which was scheduled as a Christmas season broadcast and he believed the special could simply be a TV-version of the Christmas radio show Presley had contributed to the year before. Binder argued that the special was an opportunity to re-establish the singers reputation after years of formulaic movies and he and Howe hired writers to script a show with specific themes, large set designs, dance sequences and big productions of Presleys hits. However, Binder was open to any variations on this that would showcase the singers talent, the special ends with Presley appealing for world peace and tolerance with the song If I Can Dream. Other musicians included drummer Hal Blaine, pianist Don Randi, guitarist Tommy Tedesco, bass player Larry Knechtel and it was after rehearsals at Western Recorders that Binder took special note of how Presley and the other musicians would spontaneously unwind by improvising old blues and rock n roll numbers. Binder commented. and thats when I really got the idea, Wouldnt it be great if I had a camera in here, Presley is said to have been very apprehensive about the idea of performing live. His last live concert had been at the Bloch Arena in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, Binder offered a lot of support and reassurance to stop the singer from rejecting the idea of any live segments. He realized some songs already re-recorded or scheduled would need to be cut and he also brought in Presleys friends Alan Fortas, Lance LeGault and Charlie Hodge to encourage Presley and make him feel at ease. Two sessions took place, each two hours in length, the first on June 24 and the second on the 25th. Both took place in the surroundings of the dressing room at NBC. They were recorded by Presleys friend Joe Esposito using the singers own tape recorder, many songs were tried, including Danny Boy, Blue Moon, Thats My Desire and I Got A Woman, before the final repertoire was decided for the actual TV recording. Subsequently, at 6. 00pm, June 27, Presley took to the stage for the first time in seven years. Clad in black leather, Presley sat down and jammed with band mates for two shows, each show having a different audience, there was a one-hour break between them
Elvis (1968 TV program)
–
Elvis Presley in his '68 Comeback Special
24.
New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
New York City
–
Clockwise, from top:
Midtown Manhattan,
Times Square, the
Unisphere in
Queens, the
Brooklyn Bridge,
Lower Manhattan with
One World Trade Center,
Central Park, the
headquarters of the United Nations, and the
Statue of Liberty
New York City
–
New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual
Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year
England took control and renamed it "New York".
New York City
–
The
Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the
American Revolution, took place in
Brooklyn in 1776.
New York City
–
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
25.
Universal Studios
–
Universal Pictures is an American film studio owned by Comcast through the Universal Filmed Entertainment Group division of its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal. The company was founded in 1912 by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley and its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City. Universal Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America and is one of Hollywoods Big Six studios. Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, one story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the days takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons, for Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures, in June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. Laemmle broke with Edisons custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers, by naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as The Biograph Girl, the Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York on April 30,1912. Laemmle, who emerged as president in July 1912, was the figure in the partnership with Dintenfass, Baumann, Kessel, Powers, Swanson, Horsley. Eventually all would be out by Laemmle. Following the westward trend of the industry, by the end of 1912 the company was focusing its efforts in the Hollywood area. On March 15,1915, Laemmle opened the worlds largest motion picture production facility, Universal City Studios, studio management became the third facet of Universals operations, with the studio incorporated as a distinct subsidiary organization. Unlike other movie moguls, Laemmle opened his studio to tourists, Universal became the largest studio in Hollywood, and remained so for a decade. However, it sought an audience mostly in towns, producing mostly inexpensive melodramas, westerns. In its early years Universal released three brands of feature films — Red Feather, low-budget programmers, Bluebird, more ambitious productions, and Jewel, their prestige motion pictures. Directors included Jack Conway, John Ford, Rex Ingram, Robert Z. Leonard, George Marshall and Lois Weber, despite Laemmles role as an innovator, he was an extremely cautious studio chief. Unlike rivals Adolph Zukor, William Fox, and Marcus Loew and he also financed all of his own films, refusing to take on debt. Character actor Lon Chaney became a card for Universal in the 1920s
Universal Studios
–
Mark Dintenfass was co-founder of Universal Studios.
Universal Studios
Universal Studios
–
Boris Karloff in
Bride of Frankenstein (1935)
Universal Studios
–
Ceremonial gate to Universal Studios Hollywood (the theme park attached to the studio lot)
26.
Soundtrack
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In movie industry terminology usage, a sound track is an audio recording created or used in film production or post-production. Initially the dialogue, sound effects, and music in a film each has its own track, and these are mixed together to make what is called the composite track. A dubbing track is later created when films are dubbed into another language. This is also known as a M & E track containing all sound elements minus dialogue which is supplied by the foreign distributor in the native language of its territory. The contraction soundtrack came into public consciousness with the advent of so-called soundtrack albums in the late 1940s and these phrases were soon shortened to just original motion picture soundtrack. More accurately, such recordings are made from a music track, because they usually consist of the isolated music from a film, not the composite track with dialogue. The soundtrack to the 1937 Walt Disney film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was the first commercially issued film soundtrack. It was released by RCA Victor Records on multiple 78 RPM discs in January 1938 as Songs from Walt Disneys Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and has since seen numerous expansions and reissues. The first live-action musical film to have a commercially issued soundtrack album was MGM’s 1946 film biography of Show Boat composer Jerome Kern, the album was originally issued as a set of four 10-inch 78-rpm records. Only eight selections from the film were included in this first edition of the album, in order to fit the songs onto the record sides the musical material needed editing and manipulation. Needless to say, it was several generations removed from the original, the playback recordings were purposely recorded very dry, otherwise it would come across as too hollow sounding in large movie theatres. This made these albums sound flat and boxy, the phrase is also sometimes incorrectly used for Broadway cast recordings. While it is correct in some instances to call a soundtrack a cast recording it is never correct to call a cast recording a soundtrack, contributing to the vagueness of the term are projects such as The Sound of Music Live. Which was filmed live on the set for an NBC holiday season special first broadcast in 2013, film score albums did not really become popular until the LP era, although a few were issued in 78-rpm albums. Like the 1967 re-release of the film, this version of the score was artificially enhanced for stereo, in recent years, Rhino Records has released a 2-CD set of the complete Gone With the Wind score, restored to its original mono sound. One of the film scores of all time was John Williams music from the movie Star Wars. Many film score albums go out-of-print after the films finish their theatrical runs, in a few rare instances an entire film dialogue track was issued on records. The 1968 Franco Zeffirelli film of Romeo and Juliet was issued as a 4-LP set, as a single LP with musical and dialogue excerpts, and as an album containing only the films musical score
Soundtrack
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16 mm film showing a "variable area" sound track at right
27.
NBC-TV Special
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Elvis is the thirty-fourth album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released by RCA Records in December 1968. Recording sessions took place in Burbank, California at Western Recorders on June 20,21,22 and 23,1968 and it peaked at #8 on the Billboard 200. It was certified Gold on July 22,1969 and Platinum on July 15,1999 by the RIAA, unlike the drudgery of the feature film soundtrack recordings, Presley was genuinely excited by the project. The two ballad tracks from album were issued as singles. If I Can Dream being released earlier in the month, backed on the B-side with a song from his movie in theaters at the time, Live a Little, Love a Little and it peaked at #12 on the Billboard Hot 100, his highest charting single since 1965. Memories was released two months after the broadcast, backed with the title song to his next film, Charro. By making it to the top ten on the chart after his previous album had charted at a dismal #82. Presley insisted the mono mixes for these songs were retained for the album, several hours of music were recorded for the special, and the unused material has been reissued in many different formats over the years. On August 27,1991, RCA released a version for compact disc. On August 5,2008, Legacy released a 4-CD compilation of the recording sessions for the special. Elvis Presley A Life in Music, The Complete Recording Sessions, new York, St. Martins Press,1998, LPM-4088 Elvis at the The Elvis Presley Record Research Database
NBC-TV Special
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Elvis (NBC-TV Special)
28.
American Sound Studio
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American Sound Studio was a recording studio located at 827 Thomas Street in Memphis, Tennessee. American Sound Studio was started in 1967 in North Memphis by producer Lincoln Wayne Chips Moman, between 1967 and 1971 approximately 120 hit songs were produced, and listed in the top 100 of Billboard, at the American Sound Studio. During one week span 25% of Billboards top 100 not only came from the same studio but featured the same band backing a variety of artists. It was further noted that the Memphis Boys recorded 122 Top 10 records using the same rhythm team, American Sound Studio folded in 1972 and the building was later torn down. In its place is a beauty shop and a parking lot. In January 1969, Elvis Presley recorded his last number one hit Suspicious Minds with producer/engineer Chips Moman, the Memphis Boys, American Sound Studios House Band was composed of Gene Chrisman, Tommy Cogbill and Mike Leech, Reggie Young, and keyboardists Bobby Emmons and Bobby Wood. It was Tommy Cogbills bass ride out in Dusty Springfields hit Son Of A Preacher Man and they were also the band in flutist Herbie Manns 1969 Jazz Rock classic Memphis Underground. In 2007, they were inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville, Bobby Womack worked at producer Chips Momans American Sound Studio in Memphis, and played on recordings by Joe Tex and The Box Tops. During this period he became known as a songwriter, contributing songs to Wilson Picketts repertoire. He also applied guitar work on three of Aretha Franklins hit-making late 1960s recordings, including Lady Soul, where he played guitar on Franklins hit, Chain of Fools. In 1971, on an album with jazz guitarist Gábor Szabó, he introduced his instrumental piece Breezin, in January and February 1969, Elvis Presley recorded an extensive number of tracks during a period known as his comeback. Additional tracks recorded during the 1969 sessions would continue to appear haphazardly on assorted Elvis albums as late as 1972, B. J. Thomas came full circle. Further, David and Bacharach won Best Original Score, the version by B. J. Thomas was number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the United States in January 1970 for four weeks and the first #1 single of the 1970s. It also spent seven weeks atop the U. S. adult contemporary chart, the song was recorded in seven takes, after Bacharach expressed dissatisfaction with the first six. The sudden changes of pop music in the mid-1960s left girl singers out of fashion, to boost her credibility as a soul artist, Dusty Springfield went to Memphis, Tennessee to record an album of pop and soul music at American Sound Studio. The LP Dusty in Memphis earned Springfield a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance in 1970, international readers and viewers polls list the record among the one hundred greatest albums of all time. The LPs standout track Son of a Preacher Man was an international Top 10 hit in 1969, the Box Tops recorded Wayne Carson Thompsons The Letter. Though under two minutes in length, it was a hit in late 1967, reaching Billboards number-one position
American Sound Studio
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American Sound Studios
29.
From Elvis in Memphis
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From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley, released on RCA Records. It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band, informally known as The Memphis Boys. Presleys entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record album at American Sound. The reason for going to Momans studio was for the sound of the house band. The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the soul style. This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements, in any case, the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound. From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews. The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200, number two on the charts and number one in the United Kingdom, and its single In the Ghetto reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100. The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970, in later years, it garnered further favorable reviews, while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazines 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. After Presleys 1960 return from service, his manager, Colonel Tom Parker, shifted the focus of the singers career from live music and albums to films. In March 1961, he performed what would become his last live concert for the eight years. After 1964, Parker decided that Presley should only record soundtrack albums and he viewed the films and soundtracks as complementary, with each helping to promote the other. As it turned out, the success of Presleys films and soundtracks steadily diminished. From 1964 to 1968, Presley had just one hit, Crying in the Chapel. Only one LP of new material by Presley was issued, the gospel album How Great Thou Art, in 1968, Colonel Parker arranged a deal with NBC for a Christmas television special starring Presley in front of a live audience. Parker originally planned to have Presley sing Christmas carols only, the high ratings received by the special and the success of its attendant LP re-established Presleys popularity. During the making of the special, Presley said to Binder, Ill never sing another song that I dont believe in, as part of his decision to refocus on music rather than film, Presley decided to record a new album. Presley left his usual musicians and studios, recording new material in Memphis, after the special he approached Scotty Moore and D. J. Fontana, who had played with Presley during his early hit-making career, and who rejoined him on the television show
From Elvis in Memphis
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From Elvis in Memphis
30.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
Single (music)
–
45
rpm single record
31.
In the Ghetto
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In the Ghetto is a song written by Mac Davis and made famous by Elvis Presley, who had a major comeback hit with it in 1969. It was released in 1969 as a 45 rpm single with Any Day Now as the flip side and it is a narrative of generational poverty, a boy is born to a mother who already has more children than she can feed in the ghetto of Chicago. The boy grows up hungry, steals and fights, purchases a gun and steals a car, attempts to run, the song implies that the newborn will meet the same fate, continuing the cycle of poverty and violence. In the Ghetto was recorded during Presleys session in the American Sound Studio in Memphis and it was Presleys first creative recording session since the 68 Comeback. Other hits recorded at this session were Suspicious Minds, Kentucky Rain, the song was Presleys first Top 10 hit in the US in four years, peaking at number 3, and his first UK Top 10 hit in three years, peaking at No.2. It was a hit in West Germany, Ireland, Norway, Australia. As a major hit, Presley included it in his setlist during his return to live performances at the International Hotel in Las Vegas in 1969. This version started without pause at the end of another hit from 1969 – Dont Cry Daddy, the song was recorded in 2007 by Lisa Marie Presley as a duet with her father to raise money for the Presley Foundation. The song was released on iTunes, after Elvis Presley, the song has been performed by many other artists. Among them were, most notably, Sammy Davis Jr, the Voice, Natalie Merchant, Bad Lieutenant, Fair Warning, Beats International, Eleanor Shanley, Chris Clark and Hecchi & Kethmer. The KLF used a sample of the Elvis recording in their ambient DJ album Chill Out, Mac Davis recorded a version of the song for a greatest hits album released in 1979. In 2011, Chris de Burgh covered the song on his album Footsteps 2, dancehall singer Sister Nancy used some of the songs lyrics in the song Coward of the Country, which appeared on her 1982 album One, Two. In 2014, cricketer Andrew Flintoff was asked to sing Elvis and he proceeded to sing In The Ghetto whilst the game was going on. In the Ghetto was covered by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds and was their debut single and it was recorded at the Trident Studios in London and released as a 7 on June 18,1984 with the B-side The Moon Is in the Gutter. It reached 84 on the UK Singles Chart, while originally not present on any album, it was later included on the CD reissue of the bands first album, From Her to Eternity. In the Comedy Central show South Park, Eric Cartman sings In the Ghetto on two occasions, once in Chickenpox, then again when Kennys soul is trapped in Cartmans body in A Ladder to Heaven. Paul Shanklin recorded a parody called In a Yugo for Rush Limbaugh, in which an environmentally conscious family buys a Yugo to save gas, only to get killed by a truck after swerving to miss a duck. Later, Shanklin updated his parody for a new generation too young to remember the Yugo, replacing it with its perceived equivalent, el Vez recorded a version titled En el Barrio that mixed humor with details about Chicano struggles
In the Ghetto
–
"In the Ghetto"
In the Ghetto
32.
Suspicious Minds
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Suspicious Minds is an American song written and first recorded by American songwriter Mark James. After James recording failed commercially, the song was handed to Elvis Presley by producer Chips Moman, becoming a one song in 1969. Suspicious Minds was widely regarded as the single that returned Presleys career success and it was his eighteenth and last number-one single in the United States. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked it No.91 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, session guitarist Reggie Young played on both the James and Presley versions. The song is about a mistrusting and dysfunctional relationship, and the need of the characters to overcome their issues in order to maintain it. Written in 1968 by Mark James, who was also co-writer of Always on My Mind, Chips Moman had asked James to come to Memphis to write songs for American Sound Studio. At the time, James was residing in Houston, James had written three songs that became number one hits in the Southern United States. American Sound Studio was gaining a reputation in the industry as the Box Tops had just recorded The Letter there so James relocated to Memphis. James said that one night, he was fooling around on his Fender guitar and using his Hammond organ pedals for a bass line. James at the time was married to his first wife, but still had feelings for his childhood sweetheart, Jamess wife had suspicions of his feelings. James felt it was a time for him and that all three were caught in this trap that they could not walk out of. At the recording session, James sang the vocals. The horns, strings and vocals of the Holladay Sisters were later overdubbed, after the tape was mixed, James and Moman flew to New York, where Jamess manager had contacts with Scepter Records. The label loved the song and put it out, but Scepter did not have the money to new artists. Later that year, Don Crews, Momans partner, told James that Presley had booked their studio to record what would become the From Elvis in Memphis album, Crews kept asking James if he had any songs that would be right for Presley. James felt Presley needed a mature rock n roll song to bring him back as Tom Jones was a hot artist at the time, Crews and James thought of Suspicious Minds and James began urging others to get Presley to hear it. Even though Jamess recording had not been successful, upon reviewing the song Presley decided he could turn it into a hit. Marty Lacker, a friend of Elvis, suggested he record at the studio
Suspicious Minds
–
"Suspicious Minds"
Suspicious Minds
Suspicious Minds
Suspicious Minds
33.
Popular music
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Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry. These forms and styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no musical training and it stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or folk music. Art music was historically disseminated through the performances of music, although since the beginning of the recording industry. Traditional music forms such as blues songs or hymns were passed along orally, or to smaller. The original application of the term is to music of the 1880s Tin Pan Alley period in the United States, although popular music sometimes is known as pop music, the two terms are not interchangeable. Popular music songs and pieces typically have easily singable melodies, in the 2000s, with songs and pieces available as digital sound files, it has become easier for music to spread from one country or region to another. Some popular music forms have become global, while others have an appeal within the culture of their origin. Through the mixture of genres, new popular music forms are created to reflect the ideals of a global culture. The examples of Africa, Indonesia and the Middle East show how Western pop music styles can blend with local traditions to create new hybrid styles. Sales of recordings or sheet music are one measure, middleton and Manuel note that this definition has problems because multiple listens or plays of the same song or piece are not counted. Manuel states that one criticism of music is that it is produced by large media conglomerates and passively consumed by the public. He claims that the listeners in the scenario would not have been able to make the choice of their favorite music, moreover, understandings of popular music have changed with time. A societys popular music reflects the ideals that are prevalent at the time it is performed or published, david Riesman states that the youth audiences of popular music fit into either a majority group or a subculture. The majority group listens to the commercially produced styles while the subcultures find a minority style to transmit their own values and this allows youth to choose what music they identify with, which gives them power as consumers to control the market of popular music. Form in popular music is most often sectional, the most common sections being verse, chorus or refrain, other common forms include thirty-two-bar form, chorus form *, and twelve-bar blues. Popular music songs are rarely composed using different music for each stanza of the lyrics, the verse and chorus are considered the primary elements. Each verse usually has the melody, but the lyrics change for most verses. The chorus usually has a phrase and a key lyrical line which is repeated
Popular music
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The 19th century singer
Jenny Lind depicted performing
La sonnambula
34.
Las Vegas Hilton
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The Westgate Las Vegas Resort & Casino is a hotel and casino in Winchester, Nevada. It is owned by Westgate Resorts and operated by Navegante Group and it has 2,956 hotel rooms, including 305 suites. It opened in 1969 as the International Hotel, and was known for years as the Las Vegas Hilton, then briefly as the LVH – Las Vegas Hotel. It was renamed the Westgate Las Vegas on July 1,2014, the hotel is 30 stories tall with a height of 114.30 meter /375.00 feet. Located on 64 acres, it has a 74,000 square feet casino and is home to the largest sports book in Las Vegas. The hotel is located next to the Las Vegas Convention Center and has its own 200,000 sq ft convention center, the hotel, designed by architect Martin Stern, Jr. was built in 1969 by Kirk Kerkorian and opened originally as the International Hotel. When it opened, the International was the largest hotel in the world, barbra Streisand was the opening-night performer, along with Peggy Lee performing afterwards in the hotels lounge. He broke his own record in February 1970, and again in August 1970. When playing Las Vegas, he lived in the suite, located on the 30th floor. Elvis was due to perform again in 1978, to celebrate the opening of the North tower. His manager, Colonel Tom Parker lived in the hotel on the 4th floor from the 1970s to mid-1980s, the International Hotel was sold to Hilton Hotels Corporation in 1970 and renamed the Las Vegas Hilton in 1971. Liberace headlined in the showroom during the 1970s, drawing sold-out crowds twice per night, when he signed his contract at the Hilton in 1972 he earned $300,000 per week, a record amount for individual entertainers in Las Vegas. The Las Vegas Hilton was the site in 1978 where Leon Spinks defeated Muhammad Ali for the World Heavyweight Championship and it was also the site in which Mike Tyson defeated Tony Tucker to unify and become the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion in 1986. Also, Donald Curry defeated Milton McCrory at the Las Vegas Hilton to unify, in 1998, Hilton Hotels Corporation split their properties and stock into two different companies. Shortly after the split, Hilton Gaming Company merged with Bally Entertainment Corporation, the company was renamed Park Place Entertainment. In 2000, Park Place Entertainment purchased Caesars World, in 2003 Park Place Entertainment changed their name to Caesars Entertainment. In 2004, Caesars Entertainment sold the Las Vegas Hilton to Colony Capital LLC for $280 million, Colony Capital transferred the property to its subsidiary, Resorts International Holdings. The Las Vegas Hilton became Resorts Internationals anchor property, with their office located on the second floor of the east tower
Las Vegas Hilton
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Westgate Las Vegas Resort & Casino
Las Vegas Hilton
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LVH with former Hilton logo and branding.
Las Vegas Hilton
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The Las Vegas Hilton sign, at 279 ft 0 in (85.0 m), largest freestanding sign in the world
Las Vegas Hilton
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Las Vegas Hilton marquee in 1993
35.
Paradise, Nevada
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Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. The population was 223,167 at the 2010 census, making it the most populous unincorporated community in Nevada, as an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board. Paradise was formed on December 8,1950, Paradise contains McCarran International Airport, the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, and most of the Las Vegas Strip. Paradise contains most tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area, excluding downtown, despite this, the name Paradise remains relatively unknown. All Paradise ZIP codes have Las Vegas mailing addresses, the southern part of the Las Vegas Valley was referred to as Paradise Valley as early as 1910, owing to a high water table that made the land particularly fertile for farming. County commissioners established a Paradise school district in 1914, the commission voted to create the unincorporated township of Paradise on December 8,1950. In 1975, Nevada enacted a law that would have incorporated Paradise into the City of Las Vegas, before it could take effect, however, the bill was struck down as unconstitutional by the Nevada Supreme Court. According to the United States Census Bureau, the place of Paradise has a total area of 46.7 square miles. At the census of 2010, there were 223,167 people residing in Paradise. The racial makeup was 59. 8% White,8. 9% African American,0. 8% Native American,9. 5% Asian,1. 0% Pacific Islander, and 5. 5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31. 2% of the population and 46. 3% of the population was non-Hispanic White. As of the census of 2000, there were 186,070 people,77,209 households, the population density was 3,947.3 people per square mile. There were 85,398 housing units at a density of 1,811.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the CDP was 72. 51% White,6. 59% African American,0. 77% Native American,6. 52% Asian,0. 59% Pacific Islander,8. 37% from other races, and 4. 65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23. 47% of the population,31. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the family size was 3.04. In the CDP, the population was out with 21. 2% under the age of 18,10. 8% from 18 to 24,33. 3% from 25 to 44,23. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 35 years, for every 100 females there were 109.1 males
Paradise, Nevada
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The
Las Vegas Strip, largely located within Paradise
36.
B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
B-side
–
Victor 17929A and 17929B.
B-side
37.
Change of Habit (song)
–
Lets Be Friends is the thirty-seventh album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Camden Records CAS2408, in April 1970. It is the second Presley budget album to appear on the RCA subsidiary label and it peaked at number 105 on the Billboard 200 album chart. It was certified Gold on June 15,1999 and Platinum on January 6,2004 by the Recording Industry Association of America, similar to its predecessor Elvis Sings Flaming Star, Lets Be Friends collects mostly unreleased songs recorded for Presley film soundtracks. Two non-movie outtakes appeared from the winter of 1969 sessions at American Sound Studio in Memphis, Ill Be There, mama was sung in the film Girls. Girls. by The Amigos and Presleys version first appeared on album, with an alternate, abridged version included on the compact disc Elvis Double Features. Lets Forget About the Stars had been recorded for the film Charro, almost was one of only two tracks from The Trouble with Girls to see release in Presleys lifetime. Like all Presley releases on the budget Camden label, this album has a short running time. It 1975 it was re-issued on Vinyl, by Pickwick Camden Records with the original Camden catalog #CAS2408 and it was reissued for compact disc by Sony Music Entertainment in 2006
Change of Habit (song)
–
Let's Be Friends
38.
Have A Happy
–
Change of Habit is a 1969 American musical drama film directed by William A. Graham and starring Elvis Presley and Mary Tyler Moore and their lives become complicated by the realities they face in the inner city, and by the doctor who falls in love with one of the nuns. The film was produced by Joe Connelly for NBC Productions and distributed by Universal Pictures, filmed on location in the Los Angeles area and at the Universal Studios during March and April 1969, Change of Habit was released in the United States on November 10,1969. It spent four weeks on the Variety Box Office Survey, peaking at #17, Change of Habit was Presleys 31st and final film acting role, his remaining film appearances were in concert documentaries. The film was Moores fourth and final film under her brief Universal Pictures contract, Moore and Edward Asner, who also appears in the film, would go on to star in The Mary Tyler Moore Show, one of the most popular television shows in the 1970s. Dr. John Carpenter is a physician in a ghetto clinic who falls for a co-worker, Michelle Gallagher, Elvis stars as a professional man for the first and only time in his career. Dr. Carpenter heads a clinic serving a community in a major metropolis. He is surprised to be offered assistance by three women, unknown to him, the three are nuns in street clothing who want to aid the community but are afraid the local residents might be reluctant to seek help if their true identities were known. The nuns are also facing opposition from the rude and arrogant priest from the local parish, Carpenter falls for Sister Michelle Gallagher, played by wholesome Mary Tyler Moore, but Sister Michelles true vocation remains unknown to Dr. Carpenter. She also has feelings for the doctor but is reluctant to leave the order, the film concludes with Sister Michelle and Sister Irene entering a church where Dr. Carpenter is singing to pray for guidance to make her choice. Uncredited Cast, By 1969, Presleys future in Hollywood was under threat, although still financially successful, mainly due to the make em quick, make em cheap attitude of Presleys manager Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys films had been making less profit in recent years. When Parker had struggled to find any willing to pay Presleys usual $1 million fee, he struck a deal with NBC to produce one feature film. NBC would pay Presley $1.25 million for both features, and Parker was happy in the knowledge that he was able to earn $1 million for his client. The film Change of Habit had been announced in 1967, with Mary Tyler Moore signing up in October 1968 and it was considered a Moore vehicle until January 1969 when Presley signed on to take the lead role. Although set in New York City, the film was shot in the Los Angeles area and at the Universal Studios lot during March and April 1969. It was released nationwide in the United States on November 10,1969 and spent four weeks on the Variety Box Office Survey, Mary Tyler Moore and Edward Asner would soon become co-stars of her self-named The Mary Tyler Moore Show, one of televisions enduring hits from 1970-77. In Change of Habit, however, they shared no scenes and he had a month-long engagement at the International Hotel in Paradise, Nevada lined up in August, his first live performances in eight years, and clearly now had turned his career around. A song recorded at American, Rubberneckin, would be used in the film, four songs would be recorded at the soundtrack sessions, of which Lets Be Friends would not be used in the film
Have A Happy
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Theatrical release poster
39.
Charro!
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Charro. is a 1969 American western film starring Elvis Presley shot on location at Apacheland Movie Ranch and Old Tucson Studios in Arizona. It was his role that did not feature him singing on-screen. It also features a bearded Presley for the first and last time in any of his films, the film was adaptated into a novel written by Harry Whittington. The film co-starred Ina Balin, Victor French, Barbara Werle and it was also the only Presley film released to theaters by National General Pictures. The film made a profit but was not a runaway success, Jess later sees Billy Roy Hackett, Vinces younger brother, summoning Vince and the other members of the gang into the saloon. Jess, realizing he was set up, orders the bar patrons to leave as an out later ensues. After making a break for the door Jess is later stopped by another member, Gunner. Ordering his men to subdue Jess on the ground, Vince takes a branding iron, taking Jess horse, Vince and the gang later leave Jess and take off. Jess does manage to capture a horse in the desert. The gangs motive is to force a ransom from the town they stole the cannon from, only Wade can save the people from his former gang. The role of Jess Wade was originally turned down by Clint Eastwood, the budget for the movie was estimated at $1.5 million. Working titles for the film included Jack Valentine, Johnny Hang, the original opening scene, which was to feature female nudity, was dropped in favor of a more gentle bar scene. The story of Charro, which was written by Frederick Louis Fox, Harry Whittington based his novel Charro on the Foxs story, and included the scenes that Warren deemed to violent for the film. A scene which featured Ina Balin nude climbing from a bath was also removed, location scenes were shot at Apache Junction and the Apacheland Movie Ranch in Arizona. The film, although a hit, was not received as well as Presleys previous films, fans were put off by the lack of songs, and critics were generally unimpressed with the film as a whole. Despite this, the made a good profit and Presley received $850,000 for his work. During the special, Presley erroneously states that he had made twenty nine pictures up to that time, the actual tally was twenty eight at taping. Charro would be the twenty ninth, at the time the special was aired in December, Presley had completed his thirtieth film, The Trouble with Girls
Charro!
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Theatrical release poster
40.
The Blossoms
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The Blossoms are an American girl-group that initially originated from California. During their height of success in the 1960s, the groups lineup most famously consisted of Darlene Love, Fanita James and it has been said that the Blossoms were to the American West Coast what the Sweet Inspirations were to the East Coast and the Andantes were for Motown. Their career began in Los Angeles, California, while still in school in 1954. Originally the group was a sextet of young girls singing for fun, Fanita Barrett, Gloria Jones, Jewel Cobbs, Pat Howard and twin sisters Annette and Nanette Williams all came from musical backgrounds. The twins had taken vocal and dancing lessons as youngsters, fanitas brother Ronald was already a success with his vocal group, The Meadowlarks. The Dreamers were introduced to musicians through Dexter Tisby, then successful with his own group the Penguins who had a hit with Earth Angel. The Dreamers joined Richard Berry in the studio and during 1955 and 1956 made several recordings for Flair, among them was a version of Harry Warren and Mac Gordons At Last and several of Richard Berrys compositions, Together, Wait For Me, and Daddy, Daddy. The Dreamers gained attention as singers and began to get studio work singing backup for other artists as well as recording a few singles of their own as the Dreamers. The Dreamers signed with Capitol Records where one of the executives, noticing their different skin tones, said they looked like a bouquet, which is how they became the Blossoms. Even though signing to Capitol was considered a step up, the stay at Capitol was short - yielding only three singles - none of which made the charts. The Blossoms also underwent significant changes at this time, by 1958 Nanette was married, pregnant, and planning a leave of absence from the group. Darlene Wright replaced Nanette and was selected to be the lead, the group provided back-up vocals to Sam Cooke’s 1959 hit Everybody Loves to Cha Cha Cha. During the summer of 1962, the Blossoms finally emerged successful on the charts, although their biggest hit song, Hes a Rebel, would not be credited to them. Then-unknown producer Phil Spector had learned that Vikki Carr was soon to record Hes a Rebel for Liberty Records as her debut single, since the Crystals were touring on the east coast at the time, the Blossoms were instead brought in to record the track. Prior to this, Spector had been using the Blossoms to contribute backing vocals behind many of his artists tracks including the Crystals Da Doo Ron Ron, however, when Spector released the record, the song was instead credited to the Crystals. The Blossoms in turn received a meager session fee and are not credited for contributing to the record. The song peaked at #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and firmly established Spector as a force to be reckoned with in the music industry. Over the next three years, the Blossoms, with Darlene as lead, would be the singers on all of Spectors sessions recorded in California
The Blossoms
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The Blossoms in 1966 (clockwise from top: Fanita James, Jean King, and
Darlene Love)
41.
Sally Stevens
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Sally Stevens is an American singer, actress and a vocal contractor. She has sung on hundreds of The Simpsons episodes, and sings the main title and she also sings the main title for Family Guy and has worked for Seth MacFarlane, the creator of the show, as vocal contractor and singer since the inception of the series. Sally Stevens is the mother of session singer Susie Stevens-Logan and she did the voices of Marge and Patty in the demo recording of Dancing Workers Song. Most recent projects included singing and vocal contractor services for Night at the Museum 3, for Alan Silvestri, Stevens was born in Los Angeles, California, and attended UCLA as a music major. She worked as a singer in Las Vegas with bookings in 1961 and 1962, then began to work freelance in recording. She sang on the Danny Kaye Variety Show two seasons, and the The Carol Burnett Show and The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour and her first work in film scoring was in 1962, How the West was Won, then continuing, Doctor Zhivago and The Sound Of Music. Other solo performances in film include The Secret of NIMH, and Butch Cassidy, in 1979–82 she was the on-camera spokesperson for KBIG Radio, a Los Angeles radio/music station. She is a freelance artist/session singer and vocal contractor, as a solo artist, she was greatly influenced by Peggy Lee. She has written lyrics for film and television projects, and her song, written with Dave Grusin, Who Comes This Night is included in James Taylors first Christmas CD, during the late 1960s and 1970s, she worked extensively in records and commercials. Stevens is also the director of the Hollywood Film Chorale and she was also the choral director of the Oscars broadcasts for over 20 years, the most recent broadcast being the 2015 Academy Awards. The Hollywood Film Chorale - Sally Stevens, Director Sally Stevens discography, forum, and marketplace at Discogs Sally Stevens at the Internet Movie Database
Sally Stevens
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Sally Stevens
42.
Mike Deasy
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Michael William Deasy is an American rock and jazz guitarist. As a session musician, he played on hit singles. He is sometimes credited as Mike Deasy Sr and he was born and raised in Los Angeles, California, where he learned to play guitar as a child. After graduating in 1959, he joined Eddie Cochrans band, the Kelly Four and he also played with The Coasters and Duane Eddy. Following Cochrans death in 1960, he became a session musician in Los Angeles. Deasy married Jim Horns sister Kathie in 1961, and the later set up their own recording studio and production company. He worked as a member of The Wrecking Crew, with Hal Blaine, Joe Osborn, Larry Knechtel and others, on sessions for Phil Spector, and contributed guitar parts to The Beach Boys album Pet Sounds. In 1967, he contributed to albums coordinated by record producer Curt Boettcher, including Friar Tuck and His Psychedelic Guitar, effectively a Deasy solo album with wordless vocals by Boettcher. Under the pseudonym Lybuk Hyd, Deasy also played guitar and sitar on the concept album Tanyet, credited to The Ceyleib People. He played guitar on Elvis Presleys 1968 TV special, Elvis and he also performed live with musicians including Cannonball Adderley and Little Richard, and won the Down Beat magazine jazz music readers poll in 1968. In 1969, he was invited by record producer Terry Melcher to work with a newly discovered singer-songwriter, Deasy left Mansons home after three days, in a state of drug-fueled paranoia. Deasy continued to record with leading musicians, including Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, Barbra Streisand, Chet Baker, and Mel Tormé. His guitar playing has appeared on the soundtrack of films including The Graduate, Guess Whos Coming to Dinner, Duel, Bullitt. The Deasys also co-pastor Rock Church Southeast in Port Arthur, Texas, with Irene Kral Wonderful Life Discography at MikeDeasy. com
Mike Deasy
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Mike Deasy in Pärnu, Estonia 1992
43.
Electric guitar
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The vibrations of the strings are sensed by a pickup, of which the most common type is the magnetic pickup, which uses the principle of direct electromagnetic induction. The signal generated by a guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is plugged into a guitar amplifier before being sent to a loudspeaker. The output of a guitar is an electric signal. Invented in 1931, the electric guitar was adopted by jazz guitarists. Early proponents of the guitar on record included Les Paul, Lonnie Johnson, Sister Rosetta Tharpe, T-Bone Walker. During the 1950s and 1960s, the guitar became the most important instrument in pop music. It has evolved into an instrument that is capable of a multitude of sounds and styles in genres ranging from pop and rock to country music, blues and jazz. It served as a component in the development of electric blues, rock and roll, rock music, heavy metal music. Electric guitar design and construction vary greatly in the shape of the body and the configuration of the neck, bridge, Guitars may have a fixed bridge or a spring-loaded hinged bridge that lets players bend the pitch of notes or chords up or down or perform vibrato effects. The sound of a guitar can be modified by new playing techniques such as string bending, tapping, hammering on, using audio feedback, in a small group, such as a power trio, one guitarist switches between both roles. In larger rock and metal bands, there is often a rhythm guitarist, many experiments at electrically amplifying the vibrations of a string instrument were made dating back to the early part of the 20th century. Patents from the 1910s show telephone transmitters were adapted and placed inside violins, hobbyists in the 1920s used carbon button microphones attached to the bridge, however, these detected vibration from the bridge on top of the instrument, resulting in a weak signal. With numerous people experimenting with electrical instruments in the 1920s and early 1930s, Electric guitars were originally designed by acoustic guitar makers and instrument manufacturers. Some of the earliest electric guitars adapted hollow-bodied acoustic instruments and used tungsten pickups, the first electrically amplified guitar was designed in 1931 by George Beauchamp, the general manager of the National Guitar Corporation, with Paul Barth, who was vice president. The maple body prototype for the one-piece cast aluminum frying pan was built by Harry Watson, commercial production began in late summer of 1932 by the Ro-Pat-In Corporation, in Los Angeles, a partnership of Beauchamp, Adolph Rickenbacker, and Paul Barth. In 1934, the company was renamed the Rickenbacker Electro Stringed Instrument Company, in that year Beauchamp applied for a United States patent for an Electrical Stringed Musical Instrument and the patent was issued in 1937. The Electro-Spanish Ken Roberts provided players a full 25 scale, with 17 frets free of the fretboard and it is estimated that fewer than 50 Electro-Spanish Ken Roberts were constructed between 1933 and 1937, fewer than 10 are known to survive today. The need for the guitar became apparent during the big band era as orchestras increased in size, particularly when acoustic guitars had to compete with large
Electric guitar
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A
Kramer XKG-20 electric guitar circa 1980, modified
Electric guitar
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The "Frying Pan", 1932
Electric guitar
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Gibson Les Paul Custom 1954
Electric guitar
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Detail of a Squier-made Fender Stratocaster. Note the vibrato arm, the 3 single-coil pickups, the volume and tone knobs.
44.
Piano
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The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented around the year 1700, in which the strings are struck by hammers. It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. The word piano is a form of pianoforte, the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument. The first fortepianos in the 1700s had a sound and smaller dynamic range. An acoustic piano usually has a wooden case surrounding the soundboard and metal strings. Pressing one or more keys on the keyboard causes a padded hammer to strike the strings. The hammer rebounds from the strings, and the continue to vibrate at their resonant frequency. These vibrations are transmitted through a bridge to a soundboard that amplifies by more efficiently coupling the acoustic energy to the air, when the key is released, a damper stops the strings vibration, ending the sound. Notes can be sustained, even when the keys are released by the fingers and thumbs and this means that the piano can play 88 different pitches, going from the deepest bass range to the highest treble. The black keys are for the accidentals, which are needed to play in all twelve keys, more rarely, some pianos have additional keys. Most notes have three strings, except for the bass that graduates from one to two, the strings are sounded when keys are pressed or struck, and silenced by dampers when the hands are lifted from the keyboard. There are two types of piano, the grand piano and the upright piano. The grand piano is used for Classical solos, chamber music and art song and it is used in jazz. The upright piano, which is compact, is the most popular type, as they are a better size for use in private homes for domestic music-making. During the nineteenth century, music publishers produced many works in arrangements for piano, so that music lovers could play. The piano is widely employed in classical, jazz, traditional and popular music for solo and ensemble performances, accompaniment, with technological advances, amplified electric pianos, electronic pianos, and digital pianos have also been developed. The electric piano became an instrument in the 1960s and 1970s genres of jazz fusion, funk music. The piano was founded on earlier technological innovations in keyboard instruments, pipe organs have been used since Antiquity, and as such, the development of pipe organs enabled instrument builders to learn about creating keyboard mechanisms for sounding pitches
Piano
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A grand piano (left) and an upright piano (right)
Piano
Piano
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Grand piano by Louis Bas of
Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, France, 1781. Earliest French grand piano known to survive; includes an inverted wrestplank and action derived from the work of Bartolomeo Cristofori (ca. 1700) with ornately decorated soundboard.
Piano
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Early piano replica by the modern builder Paul McNulty, after Walter & Sohn, 1805
45.
Double bass
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The double bass, or simply the bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra. It is an instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than sounding to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff. The double bass is the modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths, rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E1, A1, D2. The instruments exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, the double bass is a standard member of the orchestras string section, as well as the concert band, and is featured in concertos, solo and chamber music in Western classical music. The bass is used in a range of genres, such as jazz, 1950s-style blues and rock and roll, rockabilly, psychobilly, traditional country music, bluegrass, tango. The double bass is played either with a bow or by plucking the strings, in orchestral repertoire and tango music, both arco and pizzicato are employed. In jazz, blues, and rockabilly, pizzicato is the norm, Classical music uses just the natural sound produced acoustically by the instrument, so does traditional bluegrass. In jazz, blues, and related genres, the bass is typically amplified with an amplifier and speaker, the double bass stands around 180 cm from scroll to endpin. However, other sizes are available, such as a 1⁄2 or 3⁄4 and these sizes do not reflect the size relative to a full size, or 4⁄4 bass, a 1⁄2 bass is not half the size of a bass but is only slightly smaller. It is typically constructed from several types of wood, including maple for the back, spruce for the top and it is uncertain whether the instrument is a descendant of the viola da gamba or of the violin, but it is traditionally aligned with the violin family. While the double bass is nearly identical in construction to other violin family instruments, like other violin and viol-family string instruments, the double bass is played either with a bow or by plucking the strings. In orchestral repertoire and tango music, both arco and pizzicato are employed, in jazz, blues, and rockabilly, pizzicato is the norm, except for some solos and also occasional written parts in modern jazz that call for bowing. In classical pedagogy, almost all of the focus is on performing with the bow and producing a good bowed tone, some of these articulations can be combined, for example, the combination of sul ponticello and tremolo can produce eerie, ghostly sounds. Classical bass players do play pizzicato parts in orchestra, but these parts generally require simple notes, vibrato is used to add expression to string playing. In general, very loud, low-register passages are played with little or no vibrato, mid- and higher-register melodies are typically played with more vibrato. The speed and intensity of the vibrato is varied by the performer for an emotional and musical effect, in jazz, rockabilly and other related genres, much or all of the focus is on playing pizzicato. In jazz and jump blues, bassists are required to play extremely rapid pizzicato walking basslines for extended periods, as well, jazz and rockabilly bassists develop virtuoso pizzicato techniques that enable them to play rapid solos that incorporate fast-moving triplet and sixteenth note figures. In jazz and related styles, bassists often add semi-percussive ghost notes into basslines, to add to the rhythmic feel and to add fills to a bassline
Double bass
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Side and front views of a modern double bass with a French-style bow
Double bass
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Jazz bassist Ron Carter pictured playing with his Quartet at "Altes Pfandhaus" in Cologne
Double bass
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Example of a Busetto-shaped double bass: Copy of a Matthias Klotz (1700) by Rumano Solano
Double bass
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Principal parts of the double bass
46.
Max Bennett (musician)
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Max Bennett is an American jazz bassist and session musician. Bennett grew up in Kansas City and Oskaloosa, Iowa, and his first professional gig was with Herbie Fields in 1949, and following this he played with Georgie Auld, Terry Gibbs, and Charlie Ventura. He served in the Army during the Korean War from 1951 to 1953, there he played regularly at the Lighthouse Cafe with his own ensemble, and played behind such vocalists as Peggy Lee, Ella Fitzgerald, Joni Mitchell and Joan Baez through the 1970s. He also recorded with Charlie Mariano, Conte Candoli, Bob Cooper, Bill Holman, Stan Levey, Lou Levy, Coleman Hawkins, Bennett recorded under his own name from the late 1950s, and did extensive work as a composer and studio musician in addition to jazz playing. He played bass on many records by The Monkees and The Partridge Family and he also played on later Zappa albums such as Chungas Revenge. His studio work also included bass on the Lalo Schifrin soundtrack to the 1969 film Bullitt as well as Greatest Science Fiction Hits Volumes 1-3 with Neil Norman & His Cosmic Orchestra. Bennett continued with his own band, L. A. Express, after this band, Bennett formed his own group Freeway, and currently heads his most recent band, Private Reserve. Max Bennett Quintet Max Bennett Sextet Max Bennett Septet, Quartet & Trio Max Bennett with Charlie Mariano Interchange U. S, top Contemporary Jazz #13 The Drifter U. S. Top Contemporary Jazz #21 Images Great Expectations Max Is the Factor With Bob Cooper Coop
Max Bennett (musician)
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Bennett in San Francisco, 1976.
47.
Bass guitar
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The bass guitar is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick. The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to a guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length. The four-string bass, by far the most common, is tuned the same as the double bass. The bass guitar is an instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds to avoid excessive ledger lines. Like the electric guitar, the guitar has pickups and it is plugged into an amplifier and speaker on stage, or into a larger PA system using a DI unit. Since the 1960s, the guitar has largely replaced the double bass in popular music as the bass instrument in the rhythm section. While types of basslines vary widely from one style of music to another, many styles of music utilise the bass guitar, including rock, heavy metal, pop, punk rock, country, reggae, gospel, blues, symphonic rock, and jazz. It is often a solo instrument in jazz, jazz fusion, Latin, funk, progressive rock and other rock, the adoption of a guitar form made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in more easily than on acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period, around 1947, Tutmarcs son, Bud, began marketing a similar bass under the Serenader brand name, prominently advertised in the nationally distributed L. D. Heater Music Company wholesale jobber catalogue of 1948, however, the Tutmarc family inventions did not achieve market success. In the 1950s, Leo Fender, with the help of his employee George Fullerton and his Fender Precision Bass, which began production in October 1951, became a widely copied industry standard. This split pickup, introduced in 1957, appears to have been two mandolin pickups, the pole pieces and leads of the coils were reversed with respect to each other, producing a humbucking effect. Humbucking is a design that electrically cancels the effect of any AC hum, the Fender Bass was a revolutionary new instrument, which could be easily transported, and which was less prone to feedback when amplified than acoustic bass instruments. Monk Montgomery was the first bass player to tour with the Fender bass guitar, roy Johnson, and Shifty Henry with Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five, were other early Fender bass pioneers. Bill Black, playing with Elvis Presley, switched from bass to the Fender Precision Bass around 1957. The bass guitar was intended to appeal to guitarists as well as upright bass players, following Fenders lead, in 1953, Gibson released the first short scale violin-shaped electric bass with extendable end pin, allowing it to be played upright or horizontally. In 1959 these were followed by the more conventional-looking EB-0 Bass, the EB-0 was very similar to a Gibson SG in appearance
Bass guitar
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A
Music Man StingRay bass
Bass guitar
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(a standard tuned 4-string bass guitar)
Bass guitar
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Musical instrument inventor Paul Tutmarc outside his music store in Seattle, Washington
Bass guitar
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Design patent issued to Leo Fender for the second-generation
Precision Bass
48.
Drum kit
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A drum kit consists of a mix of drums and idiophones most significantly cymbals but also including the woodblock and cowbell. In the 2000s, some also include electronic instruments and both hybrid and entirely electronic kits are used. If some or all of them are replaced by electronic drums, the drum kit is usually played while seated on a drum stool or throne. The drum kit differs from instruments that can be used to produce pitched melodies or chords, even though drums are often placed musically alongside others that do, such as the piano or guitar. The drum kit is part of the rhythm section used in many types of popular and traditional music styles ranging from rock and pop to blues. Other standard instruments used in the section include the electric bass, electric guitar. Many drummers extend their kits from this pattern, adding more drums, more cymbals. Some performers, such as some rockabilly drummers, use small kits that omit elements from the basic setup, some drum kit players may have other roles in the band, such as providing backup vocals, or less commonly, lead vocals. Thus, in an early 1800s orchestra piece, if the called for bass drum, triangle and cymbals. In the 1840s, percussionists began to experiment with foot pedals as a way to them to play more than one instrument. In the 1860s, percussionists started combining multiple drums into a set, the bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, and other percussion instruments were all played using hand-held drum sticks. Double-drumming was developed to one person to play the bass and snare with sticks. With this approach, the drum was usually played on beats one. This resulted in a swing and dance feel. The drum set was referred to as a trap set. By the 1870s, drummers were using an overhang pedal, most drummers in the 1870s preferred to do double drumming without any pedal to play multiple drums, rather than use an overhang pedal. Companies patented their pedal systems such as Dee Dee Chandler of New Orleans 1904–05, liberating the hands for the first time, this evolution saw the bass drum played with the foot of a standing percussionist. The bass drum became the central piece around which every other percussion instrument would later revolve and it was the golden age of drum building for many famous drum companies, with Ludwig introducing
Drum kit
Drum kit
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South-African jazz drummer
Louis Moholo playing a four-piece kit
Drum kit
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Dance band drummer Stan Farmer at Mark Foy's Empress Ballroom, Sydney, New South Wales, using a kit with bass drum pedal and low sock. Tom Lennon, 23 October 1935
Drum kit
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Drummer in a Memphis "juke joint" orchestra playing a kit with four non-tunable
toms. Marion Post Wolcott, October 1939
49.
Dolores Fuller
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Dolores Agnes Fuller was an American actress and songwriter best known as the one-time girlfriend of the low-budget film director Ed Wood. She played the girlfriend in Glen or Glenda, co-starred in Woods Jail Bait. Later, Elvis Presley recorded a number of her songs written for his films and her first screen appearance was at the age of 10, when she appeared briefly in Frank Capra’s It Happened One Night. According to Fuller, the lead in Bride of the Monster was written for her. In August 1954, Fuller was cast in Woods The Vampires Tomb, Frank Yaconelli was named as her co-star and comic killer. She ended up making an appearance in Bride of the Monster, Fuller hosted a benefit for Lugosi which preceded the showing of Bride of the Atom on May 11,1955. A cocktail party was held at the Gardens Restaurant at 4311 Magnolia Avenue in Burbank, vampira attended and was escorted by Paul Marco. A single screening of the film was presented at the Hollywood Paramount and she became his girlfriend shortly thereafter and began acting in his films. Fuller had already had experience on television in Queen for a Day. As Fuller remembered, she was the one putting bread on the table, another quote from her, I had a size four and a half foot, so I modeled the slippers in an artists short smock. I completely messed up my job, I was what they called a no show and she also appeared on an episode of Its a Great Life as the blonde in the mink coat. Fuller went into a partnership with composer Ben Weisman and co-wrote one song, Rock-A-Hula Baby. It was a beginning that eventually led to Elvis Presley recording a dozen of her songs, including I Got Lucky, Fuller also had her music recorded by Nat King Cole, Peggy Lee, and other leading talents of the time. Grey quotes Fuller as saying of the period before her success, I loved him in a way, but I couldnt handle the transvestism. Its hard for me to deviate, I wanted a man that was all man. After we broke up, he would stand outside my home in Burbank, what good would I have done if I had married him. She has also quoted as saying that His dressing up didn’t bother me — we all have our little queer habits. Fullers autobiography, A Fuller Life, Hollywood, Ed Wood and Me, co-authored by Winnipeg writer Stone Wallace and her husband Philip Chamberlin, was published in 2008
Dolores Fuller
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Fuller in
Jail Bait (1954)
