A changeup is a type of pitch in baseball and fastpitch softball.
The grip used for a changeup
The grip used for a circle changeup.
In baseball, the pitch is the act of throwing the baseball toward home plate to start a play. The term comes from the Knickerbocker Rules. Originally, the ball had to be thrown underhand, much like "pitching in horseshoes". Overhand pitching was not allowed in baseball until 1884.
The typical motion of a pitcher.
Left handed pitcher showing pitching motion (c. 1900). Michael T. "Nuf Ced" McGreevy Collection, Boston Public Library