1.
Charles Phelps Taft
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Charles Phelps Taft was an American lawyer and politician. He graduated from Yale University in 1864, and from Columbia Universitys law department in 1866, in 1867 he received another degree from the University of Heidelberg. In 1869 he resumed his law practice, Taft married Anna Sinton in 1873, who was an heiress to a pig iron fortune, left by her father David Sinton. Together with her husband she began an art collection which she opened to the public from their home, today their former home is the Taft Museum of Art. In 1879 he became editor of the Cincinnati Times-Star, which would later be bought by the Cincinnati Post and this began the Taft media empire which was his main claim to fame. In 1895 he went to Congress, but served two years. He returned to the business after that and for a time owned the Philadelphia Phillies baseball team from 1905 to 1913. He died on December 31,1929, following his death, Annie Sinton Taft donated $5 million to the University of Cincinnati in 1930 and established a memorial fund after his name. This fund was transformed in 2005 into the Charles Phelps Taft Research Center at the University of Cincinnati, the city of Taft, Texas was named after him in 1904. Charles Phelps Taft at Find a Grave United States Congress, biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Loan exhibition catalog, exhibition catalog, and residence photograph
2.
Mayor of Cincinnati
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The mayor shall preside over all meetings of the Cincinnati City Council. The mayor may call a meeting of the council. He has the power to propose legislation for debate among the council, the mayor shall appoint and may remove the vice-mayor and the chair of all committees of the council without the advice and consent of the council. The mayor of Cincinnati shall be recognized as the head and representative of the city for all purposes. He may appoint a city manager upon a vote of five members of the city council following the mayors recommendation. In time of danger or emergency, the mayor, with the consent of the council, may take command of the police, maintain order. In the event of the death, removal or resignation of the mayor, until the charter of 1815, the President of the council served as equivalent of mayor. Two sources agree on the list of Presidents, Prior to 1925 the mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio was elected in a separate, in 1924, the Charter Party, a local third-party, was founded. It has elected members of the city council and mayors, until 1961, many Democrats ran as Charterites. The party focuses exclusively on local government, thus, many Charterites switch to a party when seeking office outside Cincinnati. From 1925 through 1998, the mayor was chosen by the city council from among its nine members, in 1971, a coalition of two parties, the Democrats and the Charterites, worked out a power-sharing plan, which, starting in 1973, resulted in a rotating mayorship. After a few years of rotation, they decided that the city council member who received the most votes in the election would become mayor. In 1999, Charlie Luken became the first mayor to take office under a system of direct mayoral election. On November 4,2013, John Cranley became the youngest mayor of Cincinnati at the age of 39 years, dorothy N. Dolbey was the first female mayor of the City of Cincinnati. In 2006, Mark Mallory was the first directly elected African-American Mayor of Cincinnati, Election Results, Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio Election Results, City Council of Cincinnati, Ohio Timeline of Cincinnati
3.
Carl West Rich
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Carl West Rich was an American politician who served as Mayor of Cincinnati, three times from 1947-1948, 1951-1953, and 1955-1957 and Republican member of the U. S. House of Representatives from Ohio. He is the only Mayor of Cincinnati to go back to two times. Rich was born in Cincinnati, Ohio and he attended Walnut Hills High School, the University of Cincinnati College of Liberal Arts, A. B. in 1922, and from the college of law of the same university, LL. B. in 1924. He was admitted to the bar in 1924 and commenced the practice of law in Cincinnati and he was an instructor on the faculty of the University of Cincinnati, and an assistant city solicitor and assistant prosecutor of Cincinnati from 1925-1929. He served three terms as prosecuting attorney of Hamilton County, Ohio, from 1938 to 1947 and he served nine years in the city council of Cincinnati and served as mayor for three terms, from 1947 to 1956. He was judge of the Common Pleas Court of Hamilton County, Rich was elected as a Republican to the Eighty-eighth Congress. He was a candidate for reelection in 1964 to the Eighty-ninth Congress. He resumed the practice of law and died in Cincinnati on June 26,1972 and he is interred in Spring Grove Cemetery. Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, the Political Graveyard Carl West Rich
4.
Donald D. Clancy
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Donald D. Clancy was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives. He represented the 2nd District of Ohio from 1961 until 1977, Clancy was born in Cincinnati, in Ohios Hamilton County. He graduated from Elder High School, attended Xavier University, in 1948, Clancy was admitted to the bar and commenced the practice of law in Cincinnati. He served on the city council from 1952 until 1960, from 1958 until 1960 he was the mayor as well as the chairman of the Cincinnati Planning Commission, Clancy defeated current television talk show host Jerry Springer in his 1970 re-election campaign. Clancy received approximately 56% of the vote to Springers 44%, beginning with the Eighty-seventh Congress, Clancy was elected to congressional office for eight consecutive terms. When he lost his bid for reelection in 1976, he resumed the practice of law in Cincinnati, patty Clancy, his daughter, was an Ohio State Senator, representing Ohios 8th Senate District. Clancy died on June 12,2007 from complications of Parkinsons Disease, biographical Directory of the United States Congress
5.
Cincinnati
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Cincinnati is a city in the U. S. state of Ohio that serves as county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located on the side of the confluence of the Licking with the Ohio River. With a population of 298,550, Cincinnati is the third-largest city in Ohio and its metropolitan statistical area is the 28th-largest in the United States and the largest centered in Ohio. The city is part of the larger Cincinnati–Middletown–Wilmington combined statistical area. In the 19th century, Cincinnati was an American boomtown in the heart of the country, it rivaled the larger cities in size. Throughout much of the 19th century, it was listed among the top 10 U. S and it was by far the largest city in the west. By the end of the 19th century, with the shift from steamboats to railroads drawing off freight shipping, trade patterns had altered and Cincinnatis growth slowed considerably. Cincinnati is home to two sports teams, the Cincinnati Reds, the oldest franchise in Major League Baseball. The University of Cincinnati, founded in 1819, is one of the 50 largest in the United States, Cincinnati is known for its historic architecture. In the late 1800s, Cincinnati was commonly referred to as Paris of America, due mainly to such ambitious projects as the Music Hall, Cincinnatian Hotel. The original surveyor, John Filson, named it Losantiville, in 1790, Arthur St. Ethnic Germans were among the early settlers, migrating from Pennsylvania and the backcountry of Virginia and Tennessee. General David Ziegler succeeded General St. Clair in command at Fort Washington, after the conclusion of the Northwest Indian Wars and removal of Native Americans to the west, he was elected as the mayor of Cincinnati in 1802. Cincinnati was incorporated as a city in 1819, exporting pork products and hay, it became a center of pork processing in the region. From 1810 to 1830 its population tripled, from 9,642 to 24,831. Completion of the Miami and Erie Canal in 1827 to Middletown, Ohio further stimulated businesses, the city had a labor shortage until large waves of immigration by Irish and Germans in the late 1840s. The city grew rapidly over the two decades, reaching 115,000 persons by 1850. Construction on the Miami and Erie Canal began on July 21,1825, the first section of the canal was opened for business in 1827. In 1827, the canal connected Cincinnati to nearby Middletown, by 1840, during this period of rapid expansion and prominence, residents of Cincinnati began referring to the city as the Queen City
6.
Ohio
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Ohio /oʊˈhaɪ. oʊ/ is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, the states capital and largest city is Columbus. The state takes its name from the Ohio River, the name originated from the Iroquois word ohi-yo’, meaning great river or large creek. Partitioned from the Northwest Territory, the state was admitted to the Union as the 17th state on March 1,1803, Ohio is historically known as the Buckeye State after its Ohio buckeye trees, and Ohioans are also known as Buckeyes. Ohio occupies 16 seats in the United States House of Representatives, Ohio is known for its status as both a swing state and a bellwether in national elections. Six Presidents of the United States have been elected who had Ohio as their home state, Ohios geographic location has proven to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo, Ohio has the nations 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North Americas population and 70% of North Americas manufacturing capacity. To the north, Lake Erie gives Ohio 312 miles of coastline, Ohios southern border is defined by the Ohio River, and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohios neighbors are Pennsylvania to the east, Michigan to the northwest, Ontario Canada, to the north, Indiana to the west, Kentucky on the south, Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the rivers 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark, the border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River. Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with a flat area in the northwest being known as the Great Black Swamp. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills, in 1965 the United States Congress passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region. This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia, the worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the Great Dayton Flood, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, as a result, the Miami Conservancy District was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States. Grand Lake St. Marys in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for canals in the era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles, was the largest artificial lake in the world and it should be noted that Ohios canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their emergence to location on canals. Summers are typically hot and humid throughout the state, while winters generally range from cool to cold, precipitation in Ohio is moderate year-round
7.
William Howard Taft
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William Howard Taft served as the 27th President of the United States and as the tenth Chief Justice of the United States, the only person to have held both offices. In 1921, President Warren G. Harding appointed Taft to be chief justice, Taft was born in Cincinnati in 1857. His father, Alphonso Taft, was a U. S. Attorney General, William Taft attended Yale and was a member of Skull and Bones secret society like his father, and after becoming a lawyer was appointed a judge while still in his twenties. He continued a rapid rise, being named Solicitor General and as a judge of the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals, in 1901, President William McKinley appointed Taft civilian governor of the Philippines. In 1904, Roosevelt made him Secretary of War, and he became Roosevelts hand-picked successor, despite his personal ambition to become chief justice, Taft declined repeated offers of appointment to the Supreme Court of the United States, believing his political work to be more important. With Roosevelts help, Taft had little opposition for the Republican nomination for president in 1908, in the White House, he focused on East Asia more than European affairs, and repeatedly intervened to prop up or remove Latin American governments. Taft sought reductions to trade tariffs, then a source of governmental income. Controversies over conservation and over antitrust cases filed by the Taft administration served to separate the two men. Roosevelt challenged Taft for renomination in 1912, Taft used his control of the party machinery to gain a bare majority of delegates, and Roosevelt bolted the party. The split left Taft with little chance of re-election, he took only Utah, after leaving office, Taft returned to Yale as a professor, continuing his political activity and working against war through the League to Enforce Peace. In 1921, President Harding appointed Taft as chief justice, an office he had long sought, Chief Justice Taft was a conservative on business issues, but under him, there were advances in individual rights. In poor health, he resigned in February 1930, after his death the next month, he was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, the first president and first Supreme Court justice to be interred there. Taft is generally listed near the middle in historians rankings of U. S. presidents, William Howard Taft was born September 15,1857 in Cincinnati, Ohio, to Alphonso Taft and Louise Torrey. The Taft family was not wealthy, living in a modest home in the suburb of Mount Auburn, Alphonso served as a judge, ambassador and in the cabinet, as War Secretary and Attorney General under Ulysses S. Grant. William Taft was not seen as brilliant as a child, but was a worker, Tafts demanding parents pushed him and his four brothers toward success. He attended Woodward High School in Cincinnati, at Yale College, which he entered in 1874, the heavyset, jovial Taft was popular. One classmate described him succeeding through hard work rather than being the smartest, in 1878, Taft graduated, second in his class out of 121. He attended Cincinnati Law School, and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1880, while in law school, he worked on The Cincinnati Commercial newspaper, edited by Murat Halstead
8.
Helen Herron Taft
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Helen Louise Herron Nellie Taft was the wife of William Howard Taft and First Lady of the United States from 1909 to 1913. Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Nellie was the fourth of children of Judge John Williamson Herron, a college classmate with Benjamin Harrison. Her mother, Harriet Collins Herron, was the daughter and the sister of U. S. congressmen, Nellies grandfather, Ela Collins, and uncle, William Collins, were both members of Congress. During her childhood she was called Nelli rather than Helen, she was referred to as such in the family since her daughter was named Helene. Nellie Herron was enrolled in private Miss Nourse School, known in Cincinnati as The Nursery, in 1866-1879, starting from 1882, she taught in different schools until her marriage. In 1877, she attended with her parents the wedding anniversary celebration of President and Mrs. Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1879, she met William Howard Taft at a party in Cincinnati, he was 22 years old. He asked her out for the first time in February 1880 and he proposed in April 1885, and she accepted in May. Taft married Nellie on June 19,1886, at the home of the parents in Cincinnati. The wedding was performed by the Reverend D. N. A, Tafts younger brother Horace Taft was best man. The couple honeymooned one day in New York City and four days at Sea Bright, New Jersey, on their return, they settled in Cincinnati. Nellie Taft encouraged her husbands political career despite his preference for the judiciary. However, she welcomed each step in his career, state judge, Solicitor General of the United States. In 1900, Taft agreed to charge of American civil government in the Philippines as Governor-General. Further travel with her husband, who became Secretary of War in 1904, brought a widened interest in world politics, the Tafts had two sons and a daughter. Robert A. Taft was a politician and statesman, Helen Taft Manning was an educator, Nellie Taft was the first First Lady to ride in her husband’s inauguration parade, which she did despite adverse weather. She started to receive guests three afternoons a week in the Red Room, at times, she attended the cabinet meetings with the President without speaking on the issues. She introduced musical entertainment after state dinners which became a White House tradition, the Tafts attended symphony, opera, and theater performances in Washington D. C. she started another summer tradition at West Potomac Park with the United States Marine Band playing for the public
9.
Republican Party (United States)
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The Republican Party, commonly referred to as the GOP, is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party. The party is named after republicanism, the dominant value during the American Revolution and it was founded by anti-slavery activists, modernists, ex-Whigs, and ex-Free Soilers in 1854. The Republicans dominated politics nationally and in the majority of northern States for most of the period between 1860 and 1932, there have been 19 Republican presidents, the most from any one party. The Republican Partys current ideology is American conservatism, which contrasts with the Democrats more progressive platform, further, its platform involves support for free market capitalism, free enterprise, fiscal conservatism, a strong national defense, deregulation, and restrictions on labor unions. In addition to advocating for economic policies, the Republican Party is socially conservative. As of 2017, the GOP is documented as being at its strongest position politically since 1928, in addition to holding the Presidency, the Republicans control the 115th United States Congress, having majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The party also holds a majority of governorships and state legislatures, the main cause was opposition to the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise by which slavery was kept out of Kansas. The Northern Republicans saw the expansion of slavery as a great evil, the first public meeting of the general anti-Nebraska movement where the name Republican was suggested for a new anti-slavery party was held on March 20,1854, in a schoolhouse in Ripon, Wisconsin. The name was chosen to pay homage to Thomas Jeffersons Republican Party. The first official party convention was held on July 6,1854, in Jackson and it oversaw the preserving of the union, the end of slavery, and the provision of equal rights to all men in the American Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861–1877. The Republicans initial base was in the Northeast and the upper Midwest, with the realignment of parties and voters in the Third Party System, the strong run of John C. Fremont in the 1856 United States presidential election demonstrated it dominated most northern states, early Republican ideology was reflected in the 1856 slogan free labor, free land, free men, which had been coined by Salmon P. Chase, a Senator from Ohio. Free labor referred to the Republican opposition to labor and belief in independent artisans. Free land referred to Republican opposition to the system whereby slaveowners could buy up all the good farm land. The Party strove to contain the expansion of slavery, which would cause the collapse of the slave power, Lincoln, representing the fast-growing western states, won the Republican nomination in 1860 and subsequently won the presidency. The party took on the mission of preserving the Union, and destroying slavery during the American Civil War, in the election of 1864, it united with War Democrats to nominate Lincoln on the National Union Party ticket. The partys success created factionalism within the party in the 1870s and those who felt that Reconstruction had been accomplished and was continued mostly to promote the large-scale corruption tolerated by President Ulysses S. Grant ran Horace Greeley for the presidency. The Stalwarts defended Grant and the system, the Half-Breeds led by Chester A. Arthur pushed for reform of the civil service in 1883
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