Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans was Duchess of Modena and Reggio by marriage to Francesco III d'Este. She was the third daughter of Philippe II, Duke of Orléans and his wife, Françoise-Marie de Bourbon. She was born a princesse du sang, and had ten children, including Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena.

Francesco III d'Este was Duke of Modena and Reggio from 1737 until his death.