1.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area
London
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Palace of Westminster,
Buckingham Palace and
Central London skyline
London
London
London
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The name London may derive from the
River Thames
2.
England
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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west, the Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east, the country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. England became a state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the worlds first industrialised nation, Englands terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. However, there are uplands in the north and in the southwest, the capital is London, which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union. In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain, the name England is derived from the Old English name Englaland, which means land of the Angles. The Angles were one of the Germanic tribes that settled in Great Britain during the Early Middle Ages, the Angles came from the Angeln peninsula in the Bay of Kiel area of the Baltic Sea. The earliest recorded use of the term, as Engla londe, is in the ninth century translation into Old English of Bedes Ecclesiastical History of the English People. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, its spelling was first used in 1538. The earliest attested reference to the Angles occurs in the 1st-century work by Tacitus, Germania, the etymology of the tribal name itself is disputed by scholars, it has been suggested that it derives from the shape of the Angeln peninsula, an angular shape. An alternative name for England is Albion, the name Albion originally referred to the entire island of Great Britain. The nominally earliest record of the name appears in the Aristotelian Corpus, specifically the 4th century BC De Mundo, in it are two very large islands called Britannia, these are Albion and Ierne. But modern scholarly consensus ascribes De Mundo not to Aristotle but to Pseudo-Aristotle, the word Albion or insula Albionum has two possible origins. Albion is now applied to England in a poetic capacity. Another romantic name for England is Loegria, related to the Welsh word for England, Lloegr, the earliest known evidence of human presence in the area now known as England was that of Homo antecessor, dating to approximately 780,000 years ago. The oldest proto-human bones discovered in England date from 500,000 years ago, Modern humans are known to have inhabited the area during the Upper Paleolithic period, though permanent settlements were only established within the last 6,000 years
England
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Stonehenge, a
Neolithic monument
England
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Flag
England
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Boudica led an uprising against the
Roman Empire
England
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Replica of a 7th-century ceremonial
helmet from the
Kingdom of East Anglia, found at
Sutton Hoo
3.
Yvan Attal
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Yvan Attal is an Israeli-born French actor and director. Born in Tel Aviv to French-Tunisian Jewish parents, he grew up in the outskirts of Paris and his acting debut was in Éric Rochants Un monde sans pitié, which earned him a César Award for Most Promising Actor. His first feature film as director was Ma femme est une actrice and he directed a couple of segments in the film New York, I Love You. He acted in The Interpreter and Anthony Zimmer, and in Rush Hour 3 he played a French cab driver named George, Attals longtime partner is Anglo-French actress-singer Charlotte Gainsbourg whom he met on the set of the 1991 film Aux yeux du monde. Gainsbourg and Attal are not married and Gainsbourg has attributed her reluctance to marry to the fact that her parents never married, Attal publicly proposed to Gainsbourg on 19 June 2013 during an awards ceremony when he received the French National Order of Merit. However in April 2014 Attal confirmed that they were still unwed with no plans to officially marry, Attal has three children with Gainsbourg, son Ben and daughters Alice, and Joe
Yvan Attal
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Yvan Attal in
2009 Cannes Film Festival
4.
Serge Gainsbourg
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Serge Gainsbourg was a French singer, songwriter, pianist, film composer, poet, painter, screenwriter, writer, actor, and director. His lyrical work incorporated a vast amount of word play to hoodwink the listener, often for humorous, provocative. Common types of play in his songs include mondegreen, onomatopoeia, rhyme, spoonerism, dysphemism, paraprosdokian. Through the course of his career, Gainsbourg wrote over 550 songs, since his death, Gainsbourgs music has reached legendary stature in France. He has also gained a following in the English-speaking world. Born in Paris, France, Gainsbourg was the son of Jewish Ukrainian migrants, Joseph Ginsburg and Olga, who fled to Paris after the 1917 Russian Revolution. Joseph Ginsburg was a trained musician whose profession was playing the piano in cabarets and casinos, he taught his children - Gainsbourg. Gainsbourgs childhood was affected by the occupation of France by Germany in World War II. The identifying yellow star Jews were required to wear haunted Gainsbourg, during the occupation, the Jewish Ginsburg family was able to make their way from Paris to Limoges, traveling under false papers. Limoges was in the Zone libre under the administration of the collaborationist Vichy government, after the war, Gainsbourg obtained work teaching music and drawing in a school outside of Paris, in Mesnil-Le-Roi. The school was set up under the auspices of local rabbis, here Gainsbourg heard the accounts of Nazi persecution and genocide, stories that resonated for Gainsbourg far into the future. Before he was 30 years old, Gainsbourg was a disillusioned painter, Gainsbourg changed his first name to Serge, feeling that this was representative of his Russian background and because, as Jane Birkin relates, Lucien reminded him of a hairdressers assistant. He chose Gainsbourg as his last name, in homage to the English painter Thomas Gainsborough and he married Elisabeth Lize Levitsky on 3 November 1951 and divorced in 1957. He married a second time on 7 January 1964, to Françoise-Antoinette Béatrice Pancrazzi and he divorced Béatrice in February 1966. In late 1967 he had a short but ardent love affair with Brigitte Bardot, to whom he dedicated the song, in mid-1968 Gainsbourg fell in love with the younger English singer and actress Jane Birkin, whom he met during the shooting of the film Slogan. Their relationship lasted over a decade, in 1971 they had a daughter, the actress and singer Charlotte Gainsbourg. Although many sources state that they were married, according to their daughter Charlotte this was not the case. Birkin remembers the beginning of her affair with Gainsbourg, he first took her to a nightclub, then to a transvestite club, Birkin left Gainsbourg when pregnant with her third daughter Lou by the film director Jacques Doillon
Serge Gainsbourg
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Serge Gainsbourg in 1981
Serge Gainsbourg
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Gainsbourg, Gall, and del Monaco in a Screenshot of the Eurovision Song Contest, on 20 March 1965
Serge Gainsbourg
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Tribute graffiti covers the outer wall of Serge Gainsbourg's house on the rue de Verneuil in Paris, looked after by
Charlotte Gainsbourg after her father's death
Serge Gainsbourg
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Serge Gainsbourg
5.
Jane Birkin
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Jane Mallory Birkin, OBE is an English actress, singer, and songwriter based in France. She is best known for her relationship and musical partnership with Serge Gainsbourg in the 1970s, in recent years she has written her own album and directed a film. Jane Mallory Birkin was born on 14 December 1946, in Marylebone and her mother, Judy Campbell, was an English actress, best known for her work on stage. Her father, David Birkin, was a Royal Navy lieutenant-commander and her brother is the screenwriter and director Andrew Birkin. She was educated at Upper Chine School, Isle of Wight, Birkin emerged in the Swinging London scene of the 1960s, appearing briefly in the counterculture era film Blowup and as the fantasy-like model in the psychedelic film Wonderwall. That same year, she auditioned in France for the female role in the film Slogan. In 1969, she and Gainsbourg released the duet Je taime, Gainsbourg originally wrote the song for Brigitte Bardot. The song caused a scandal for its explicitness, and was banned by radio stations in Italy, Spain. The only difference was that they were on different record labels and it was originally released on the Fontana label, but due to its controversy, Fontana withdrew the record which was then released on the Major Minor label. Because there were Fontana singles still in the shops along with the Major Minor release, on 4 October 1969 the Major Minor release was at number 3, also at that time it was the biggest ever selling single for a completely foreign language record. She appeared on Gainsbourgs 1971 album Histoire de Melody Nelson, portraying the Lolita-like protagonist in song and she took a break from acting in 1971–72, but returned as Brigitte Bardots lover in Don Juan, or If Don Juan Were a Woman. The same year, she had a role in the horror film Dark Places with Christopher Lee. In 1975, she appeared in Gainsbourgs first film, Je taime, moi non plus, which created a stir for frank examination of sexual ambiguity and was banned in the UK by the BBFC. For this performance she was nominated for a Best Actress César Award and she won Female Artist of the Year in the 1992 Victoires de la Musique. She starred in two films directed by Jacques Doillon – as Anne in La fille prodigue and as Alma in La pirate and this work led to an invitation from Patrice Chéreau to star on stage in La Fausse suivante by Marivaux at Nanterre. She worked with director Herbert Vesely on Egon Schiele Exzess und Bestrafung in 1980, appearing as the mistress of Austrian artist Egon Schiele, Jacques Rivette collaborated with her in Love on the Ground and La Belle Noiseuse. In 1985, she co-starred with John Gielgud, who was Katherine Mansfields husband and she appeared in Merchant Ivorys A Soldiers Daughter Never Cries and in Merci Docteur Rey. The end title song for Le Divorce featured her singing LAnamour, in 2006, she played the title role in Elektra, directed by Philippe Calvario in France
Jane Birkin
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Birkin in 1985
Jane Birkin
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Hermès Ostrich
Birkin bag.
Jane Birkin
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Birkin with her second daughter
Charlotte Gainsbourg in 2010
6.
Lou Doillon
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Lou Doillon is a French model, singer, and actress. Her father is director Jacques Doillon and her mother is British actress, Doillon was born in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. On her mothers side, she is the half-sister of Charlotte Gainsbourg and Kate Barry, Doillon began her acting career as her mothers daughter in Kung-Fu Master. Her father then cast her in her first leading role in the film Trop dAmour and she also played in Mauvaises Fréquentations. She became a model because of her beauty and is now a well-known face in European cinema. In 2001, Doillon starred in Carrément à louest, a movie by Jacques Doillon, Doillon also starred in Saint Ange, aka House of Voices. In 2007, she played a part in Go Go Tales by Abel Ferrara. She played the character in Gigola alongside Marie Kremer and Thierry Lhermitte. In 2012, she played one of the characters in Un enfant de toi. As a model Doillon has appeared in the one-time Gap, Inc. publication Individuals and is the face and she also modelled for the 2007 Pirelli Calendar. In 2007 the heritage jeans brand Lee Cooper made her its creative partner but after a year of great reviews closed the line citing bankruptcy, in 2014, Doillon starred in the Spring-Summer advertising campaign for fashion house Chloé. In 2006 Doillon began writing music with friend and musician Chris Brenner, a song they wrote together, The Girl Is Gone, was featured on the Visionaire Magazine special music issue and picture disk in 2007. Doillon sings, plays guitar, and writes lyrics, she released her first EP with Brenner, musician John Mitchell, the album is titled Places and her first single is I. C. U. Doillon told Interview Magazine I wrote that because I was desperately in love someone that I hadnt seen. I wandered for months in the street looking for him, the album receives rave reviews and Doillon won the Best Female Artist at the 2013 Victoires de la Musique. Doillon gave birth to her first child in 2002 and she parted company with his father, musician Thomas-John Mitchell, less than a year later and moved to New York. Lou Doillon at the Internet Movie Database Lou Doillon Style Photo Gallery
Lou Doillon
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Lou Doillon photographed by Studio Harcourt Paris
7.
IRM (album)
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IRM is the third studio album by French electropop singer Charlotte Gainsbourg, with all songs written and produced by Beck except Le Chat Du Café Des Artistes. The album title was inspired by the French initialism for a MRI scanner, the title track was released as a free download on 9 October 2009. The album was recorded at Becks home studio in Los Angeles. The lead single is Heaven Can Wait, a duet with Beck, the music video for Heaven Can Wait was directed by Keith Schofield and was released on 19 November 2009. The video for Heaven Can Wait was named one of the Top 20 best music videos of 2009 by Spin Magazine, trick Pony is featured in the football video game by EA Sports, FIFA11. String arrangements by David Campbell The album currently has a Metacritic score of 80/100 based on 21 professional reviews, on 13 April 2010, Gainsbourg released a five-track EP called Sunset Sound EP, which contains four songs from IRM recorded live at Sunset Sound Recorders with Beck Hansen. To promote IRM, Gainsbourg embarked on her first live tour by performing at venues, music festivals and television shows in North America, Europe
IRM (album)
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IRM
8.
Stage Whisper
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Whispering is an unvoiced mode of phonation in which the vocal folds are abducted so that they do not vibrate, air passes between the arytenoid cartilages to create audible turbulence during speech. Supralaryngeal articulation remains the same as in normal speech, in normal speech, the vocal folds alternate between states of voice and voicelessness. In whispering, only the voicing segments change, so that the vocal folds alternate between whisper and voicelessness, there is no symbol in the IPA for whispered phonation, since it is not used phonemically in any language. However, a sub-dot under phonemically voiced segments is sometimes seen in the literature, whispering is also used to speak to someone quietly in a school especially when a teaching assistant or a support worker in an alternative room is reading questions to someone during an exam. Loud whispering, known as a whisper, is generally used only for dramatic or emphatic purposes. Whispering also takes less effort to vocalize than a speech pattern. This is because less air needs to be used to vocalize the sound, however, while it takes less effort to produce a whisper, it tires out the vocal folds more quickly. A number of species of animals have been observed to whisper, particularly cotton-top tamarins, the bat. Aspiration Chinese whispers Cocktail party effect Egressive sound vs
Stage Whisper
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A girl whispers.
Stage Whisper
9.
Lars von Trier
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Lars von Trier is a Danish film director and screenwriter. He has a prolific and controversial career spanning almost four decades and his work is known for its genre and technical innovation, confrontational examination of existential, social, and political issues, and treatment of subjects like mercy, sacrifice and mental health. His political and humanitarian work was honored in 2004 with the Cinema for Peace awareness award. Among more than 100 awards and over 200 nominations in festivals worldwide, he has received the Palme dOr, the Grand Prix, the Prix du Jury, in March 2017, Trier began filming The House that Jack Built, an English-language serial killer thriller. Trier was born in Kongens Lyngby, north of Copenhagen, the son of Inger Høst and he received his surname from Høsts husband Ulf Trier, whom he considered his biological father until 1989. The director would later become famous for his honesty to journalists about his family and upbringing, as well as the impact it had on his identity, beliefs. Trier studied film theory at the University of Copenhagen and film direction at the National Film School of Denmark. In 1984, The Element of Crime, Triers breakthrough film, received awards in seven international festivals including the Technical Grand Prize at Cannes. His next film, Epidemic, was shown at Cannes in the Un Certain Regard section. Trier has occasionally referred to his films as falling into thematic and stylistic trilogies and this pattern began with The Element of Crime, the first of the Europa trilogy, which illuminated the traumas of Europe both in the past and the future. It includes The Element of Crime, Epidemic and Europa, Von Trier directed Medea for television, which won him the Jean dArcy prize in France. It is based on a screenplay by Carl Th. Dreyer, Trier completed the Europa trilogy in 1991 with Europa, which won the Prix du Jury at the 1991 Cannes Film Festival and picked up awards at other major festivals. In 1990 he also directed the video for Bakerman by Laid Back. This video was reused in 2006 by the English DJ and artist Shaun Baker in a remake of Bakerman, seeking both financial independence and total creative control over their projects, von Trier and producer Peter Aalbæk Jensen founded the film production company Zentropa Entertainment in 1992. Named after a railway company in Europa, their most recent film at the time, Zentropa has produced many movies other than Triers own. It has also produced hardcore sex films, Constance, Pink Prison, HotMen CoolBoyz, in 1995, von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg presented their manifesto for a new cinematic movement, which they called Dogme 95. The Dogme 95 concept, which led to international interest in Danish film, in 2008, together with their fellow Dogme directors Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen, von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg received the European Film Award European Achievement in World Cinema. In 1996, von Trier conducted an unusual experiment in Copenhagen involving 53 actors
Lars von Trier
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Trier leaving the press conference for
Nymphomaniac at the
64th Berlin International Film Festival
Lars von Trier
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Von Trier at the
2011 Cannes Film Festival.
10.
Best Actress Award (Cannes Film Festival)
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The Best Actress Award is an award presented at the Cannes Film Festival. It is chosen by the jury from the films in competition at the festival. It was first awarded in 1946, the ceremony was cancelled in 1948,1950, and 1968. No awards were given to actresses in 1947, on four occasions, the jury has awarded multiple women the prize from one film. The four films were A World Apart, Brink of Life, A Big Family, the jury also on occasion cites actresses with a special citation that is separate from the main award. From 1979 to 1981 the festival awarded a Best Supporting Actress prize. Isabelle Adjani is the actress to ever win the award for two films in one festival, which she did in 1981. The award can be for lead or supporting roles, barbara Hershey won the award consecutively in 1987 and 1988. ‡ - indicates the performance was nominated for an Academy Award 2 wins Vanessa Redgrave – Morgan
Best Actress Award (Cannes Film Festival)
–
This article includes a
list of references, related reading or
external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
inline citations. Please
improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2015)
11.
English people
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The English are a nation and an ethnic group native to England, who speak the English language. The English identity is of medieval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Angelcynn. Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD, England is one of the countries of the United Kingdom. Collectively known as the Anglo-Saxons, they founded what was to become England along with the later Danes, Normans, in the Acts of Union 1707, the Kingdom of England was succeeded by the Kingdom of Great Britain. Over the years, English customs and identity have become closely aligned with British customs. The English people are the source of the English language, the Westminster system and these and other English cultural characteristics have spread worldwide, in part as a result of the former British Empire. The concept of an English nation is far older than that of the British nation, many recent immigrants to England have assumed a solely British identity, while others have developed dual or mixed identities. Use of the word English to describe Britons from ethnic minorities in England is complicated by most non-white people in England identifying as British rather than English. In their 2004 Annual Population Survey, the Office for National Statistics compared the ethnic identities of British people with their national identity. They found that while 58% of white people in England described their nationality as English and it is unclear how many British people consider themselves English. Following complaints about this, the 2011 census was changed to allow respondents to record their English, Welsh, Scottish, another complication in defining the English is a common tendency for the words English and British to be used interchangeably, especially overseas. In his study of English identity, Krishan Kumar describes a common slip of the tongue in which people say English, I mean British. He notes that this slip is made only by the English themselves and by foreigners. Kumar suggests that although this blurring is a sign of Englands dominant position with the UK and it tells of the difficulty that most English people have of distinguishing themselves, in a collective way, from the other inhabitants of the British Isles. In 1965, the historian A. J. P. Taylor wrote, When the Oxford History of England was launched a generation ago and it meant indiscriminately England and Wales, Great Britain, the United Kingdom, and even the British Empire. Foreigners used it as the name of a Great Power and indeed continue to do so, bonar Law, by origin a Scotch Canadian, was not ashamed to describe himself as Prime Minister of England Now terms have become more rigorous. The use of England except for a geographic area brings protests and this version of history is now regarded by many historians as incorrect, on the basis of more recent genetic and archaeological research. The 2016 study authored by Stephan Schiffels et al, the remaining portion of English DNA is primarily French, introduced in a migration after the end of the Ice Age
English people
English people
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"The Arrival of the First Ancestors of Englishmen out of Germany into Britain": a fanciful image of the Anglo-Saxon migration, an event central to the English
national myth. From A Restitution of Decayed Intelligence by
Richard Verstegan (1605)
English people
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A reconstruction of an Anglo-Saxon burial chamber at
Sutton Hoo,
East Anglia.
English people
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King Harold II of England (right) at the Norman court, from the
Bayeux Tapestry
12.
Judy Campbell
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Judy Campbell, originally Judy Mary Gamble was an English actress and playwright, widely known to be Noël Cowards muse. Campbell was born in Grantham, Lincolnshire on 31 May 1916, daughter of John Arthur Campbell and his wife Mary, both her parents were on the stage, her father was also the author of several plays under his professional name of J. A. Campbell made her debut in 1935 as a Guest in The Last of Mrs. Cheyney at the Theatre Royal, Grantham. She insisted that she could neither sing nor dance, but she had an ability to invest a song with theatrical grace. In 2002 she lent her patrician presence to a remake of The Forsyte Saga. In 1941 she had a role in the stage musical Lady Behave and she also appeared with him in twice-weekly troop concerts. In fact, he was just trying to keep his hands warm in a theatre during fuel rationing. In 1981 she appeared in Andrew Birkins BAFTA winning and Academy Award nominated short film, Sredni Vashtar and it was her last major film role, although she appeared regularly on British television throughout the remainder of her career. In December 2002, at the end of a 67-year career as a actress and chanteuse. A nostalgic garland of songs, memories and scenes from plays, accompanied by Stefan Bednarczyk at the piano, Judy finally recorded Nightingale in September 2003, as part of a cabaret performance with Sheridan Morley and Michael Law at Pizza on the Park. After her death in 2004 her name was commemorated on the actresses dressing-room door at the Jermyn Street Theatre and she was married to Lieutenant-Commander David Birkin, DSC RNVR, until his death in 1991. She died in London on 6 June 2004, ’Guest’ in The Last of Mrs
Judy Campbell
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Judy Campbell in 1940
Judy Campbell
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Judy Campbell in 1942, photographed by her husband Lt Cdr David Birkin at Dartmouth
13.
The Cement Garden (film)
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The Cement Garden is a 1993 British drama film directed by Andrew Birkin. It is based on the 1978 novel of the name written by Ian McEwan. It was entered into the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival, where Birkin won the Silver Bear for Best Director, when he comes home, he excuses himself to go to the toilet, where he proceeds to masturbate. As he is doing so, his father collapses from a heart attack, Jacks mother is taken ill and becomes bedridden and frail, forcing Jack and Julie to take control of the household. Jacks selfishness soon leads to conflict between him and his older sister, shortly after this, the family celebrates Jacks 16th birthday in their mothers bedroom. He is reluctant to contribute to the party by singing. Although the rest of the family assume they are having fun, Julie recognises what he is doing, Jack soon finds himself escorting Sue and Tom to and from school, and defending Tom from a school bully, while Julie takes up the cooking and cleaning duties. One day, while Jack is cleaning up his mothers room, his mother informs him that her illness has become worse, and that she will have to go to hospital for a couple of months. She tells him and Julie not to anyone about her absence, or else they will be forced into foster care. She informs him that she has set up an account for them to take care of themselves for a while. Shortly afterwards, the mother dies at home of her illness, grief-stricken and with no one else to go to, the siblings spend a miserable night together consoling each other in their living room. Remembering their last promise to their mother, Jack and Julie secretly resolve to hide her body. That night, they take the bags of cement that Jacks father had bought the day before he died, create a crude mixture of cement. Julie forms a relationship with an older man named Derek. Tom, meanwhile, takes up cross-dressing and attempts to remodel himself as a girl, something that irritates Jack, eventually, Tom starts to behave like a baby, sleeping in Julies room in a crib and drinking from a bottle. The mental states of the siblings also gradually decline as time passes with no adult supervision. Derek, meanwhile, becomes interested in what they are hiding in their basement, after a smell emanating from the basement draws him downstairs, Jack steps in and lies that the cement block contains a dead dog, subtly referencing their mother in the process. In a climactic scene, Jack falls asleep naked on his mothers bed
The Cement Garden (film)
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Film poster
14.
Sophie Hunter
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Sophie Irene Hunter is an English avant-garde theatre and opera director, playwright, and former performer. In August 2015, Hunter directed Phaedra and The Turn of the Screw to critical acclaim for the Happy Days Enniskillen International Beckett Festival and Aldeburgh Music, Hunter is the daughter of Anna Katharine and Charles Rupert. She has two brothers, Timothy and Patrick as well as two half-siblings from her fathers second marriage. She is a niece of pianist Julius Drake and her maternal grandfather is the General Sir Michael James Gow GCB, who worked with Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester in the 1950s and was Aide-de-Camp General to the Queen from 1981 to 1984. Hunters maternal great-great grandfather was World War I politician J. E. B, Hunter attended St Pauls Girls School in Hammersmith before studying Modern Languages with a concentration in French and Italian at Oxford University. After graduating from Oxford, Hunter resided in Paris to study avant-garde theatre for two years at the LÉcole Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq and she then trained at the Saratoga International Theatre Institute in New York City under theatre and opera director Anne Bogart. Hunter co-founded the Lacuna Theatre Company, and was a director at Royal Court Theatre in the West End. She is the co-founder and artistic director of theatre company Boileroom, in addition, she also serves as collaborating director and dramaturge on marionette and puppetry production with the Phantom Limb Company. Known for her plays, Hunter has directed, performed and conceived theatre productions throughout Europe. She directed the experimental play 69° South, the New York City performance art titled Lucretia based on Benjamin Brittens opera The Rape of Lucretia and she was a member of the performance collective Militia Canteen. In collaboration with music director Andrew Staples, Hunter directed mezzo-soprano Ruby Philogene in Phaedra at the Happy Days Enniskillen International Beckett Festival in Northern Ireland. The production was met with praise with The Guardian saying it is realized, The Stage hailing it as creative brilliance. She has also staged Benjamin Brittens The Turn of the Screw in Suffolk, Hunter worked on the transfer of Punchdrunks Sleep No More to New York City in 2011 while serving as creative director for the theatre company Emursive. She has also directed the companys theatrical experiences The Forgotten and Dont Major in Debt Student House, in 2013, she developed Loma Lights, one of the largest public arts programs in New York City. In 2005, Hunter recorded a French-language music album titled The Isis Project in collaboration with songwriter Guy Chambers, in 2011, she released an English-language EP titled Songs for a Boy, again with Chambers. Hunter has also collaborated with Armin van Buuren for the song Virtual Friend which was included in Buurens 2010 album Mirage, earlier in her career, Hunter has acted in film and television. She has had supporting roles in the television series Midsomer Murders, Keen Eddie, Mumbai Calling, in 2004, she played Maria Osborne in the costume drama film Vanity Fair starring Reese Witherspoon and played Annabel Blythe-Smith in the 2009 thriller film Burlesque Fairytales. The couple split in early 2010, on 14 February 2015, she married actor Benedict Cumberbatch at St. Peter and St. Paul Church on the Isle of Wight followed by a reception at Mottistone Manor
Sophie Hunter
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Hunter in December 2014
15.
John Barry (composer)
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John Barry Prendergast, OBE was an English composer and conductor of film music. He composed the scores for 11 of the James Bond films between 1963 and 1987, and also arranged and performed the James Bond Theme to the first film in the series, in 1999, he was appointed OBE at Buckingham Palace for services to music. Born in York, Barry spent his years working in cinemas owned by his father. During his national service with the British Army in Cyprus, Barry began performing as a musician after learning to play the trumpet, upon completing his national service, he formed his own band in 1957, The John Barry Seven. He later developed an interest in composing and arranging music, making his début for television in 1958. He came to the notice of the makers of the first James Bond film Dr. No and this started a successful association between Barry and Eon Productions which lasted for 25 years. He received many awards for his work, including five Academy Awards, two for Born Free, and one each for The Lion in Winter, Dances with Wolves and Out of Africa. He also received ten Golden Globe Award nominations, winning once for Best Original Score for Out of Africa in 1986, Barry completed his last film score, Enigma, in 2001 and recorded the successful album Eternal Echoes the same year. He then concentrated chiefly on live performances and co-wrote the music to the musical Brighton Rock in 2004 alongside Don Black and he was made a Fellow of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts in 2005. Barry was married four times and had four children and he moved to the United States in 1975 and lived there for the remainder of his life until his death in 2011. Barry was born John Barry Prendergast, in York, England, and was the son of an English mother and his mother was a classical pianist. His father, John Xavier Jack Prendergast, from Cork, was a projectionist during the silent film era, who later owned a chain of cinemas across northern England. As a result of his fathers work, Barry was raised in and around cinemas in northern England and he stated that this childhood background influenced his musical tastes. Barry was educated at St Peters School, York, and also received lessons from Francis Jackson. Serving in the British Army, Barry spent his national service playing the trumpet, the career breakthrough for Barry was the BBC television series Drumbeat, when he appeared with the John Barry Seven. He was employed by EMI from 1959 until 1962 arranging orchestral accompaniment for the singers, including Adam Faith, he also composed songs. When Faith made his first film, Beat Girl, Barry composed, arranged and conducted the score and his music was later released as the UKs first soundtrack album. Barry also composed the music for another Faith film, Never Let Go, orchestrated the score for Mix Me a Person, in 1962, Barry transferred to Ember Records, where he produced albums as well as arranging them
John Barry (composer)
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John Barry at the
Royal Albert Hall, London, September 2006
16.
Waterskiing
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Water skiing is a surface water sport in which an individual is pulled behind a boat or a cable ski installation over a body of water, skimming the surface on two skis or one ski. The sport requires sufficient area on a stretch of water. In addition, the skier must have adequate upper and lower strength, muscular endurance. Skiing is a fun pastime that allows people of all skill levels, there is no minimum age necessary to water ski. There are water ski participants around the world, in Asia and Australia, Europe, Africa, in the United States alone, there are approximately 11 million water skiers and over 900 sanctioned water ski competitions every year. Australia boasts 1.3 million water skiers, there are many options for recreational or competitive water skiers. These include speed skiing, trick skiing, show skiing, slaloming, jumping, barefoot skiing, similar, related sports are wakeboarding, kneeboarding, discing, tubing, and sit-down hydrofoil. Water skiers can start their ski set in one of two ways, wet is the most common, but dry is possible, Water skiing typically begins with a deep water start. The skier enters the water with their skis on or they jump in without the skis on their feet, have the skis floated to them, most times it can be easier to put the skis on when they are wet. Once the skier has their skis on they will be thrown a tow rope from the boat, the skier can also perform a dry start by standing on the shore or a pier, however, this type of entry is recommended for professionals only. When the skier is ready, the driver accelerates the boat, as the boat accelerates and takes up the slack on the rope, the skier allows the boat to pull him/her out of the water by applying some muscle strength to get him/her into an upright body position. By leaning back and keeping the legs bent, the skis will eventually plane out. The skier turns by shifting weight left or right, the skiers body weight should be balanced between the balls of the feet and the heels. While being towed, the arms should be relaxed but still fully extended so as to reduce stress on the arms. The handle can be vertically or horizontally, depending on whichever position is more comfortable for the skier. In addition to the driver and the skier, a person known as the spotter or the observer should be present. The spotters job is to watch the skier and inform the driver if the skier falls, the spotter usually sits in a chair on the boat facing backwards to see the skier. The skier and the boats occupants communicate using hand signals, Water skiing can take place on any type of water – such as a river, lake, or ocean – but calmer waters are ideal for recreational skiing
Waterskiing
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Water skiing on the
Yarra River in
Melbourne
Waterskiing
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Water skiers performing at
Sea World on the
Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
Waterskiing
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Water skiers rising out of the water
Waterskiing
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A privately owned, man-made water ski lake commonly referred to as Chantalyy Lakes By The Cliff Side, located near Orangeville, Ontario seen with a slalom course and jump ramp on it
17.
Catherine Deneuve
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Catherine Deneuve is a French actress as well as an occasional singer, model and producer. She gained recognition for her portrayal of aloof, mysterious beauties for various directors, including Luis Buñuel, Francois Truffaut, in 1985, she succeeded Mireille Mathieu as the official face of Marianne, Frances national symbol of liberty. A 14-time César Award nominee, she won for her performances in Truffauts The Last Metro and she is also noted for her support for a variety of liberal causes. She was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress for Belle de Jour, and she also won the 1998 Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the Venice Film Festival for Place Vendôme. Other films include Scene of the Crime, My Favourite Season,8 Women and her English-language films include The April Fools, Hustle, The Hunger and Dancer in the Dark. In 2015, she starred in The Brand New Testament and Standing Tall, Deneuve was born Catherine Fabienne Dorléac in Paris, France, the daughter of French stage actors Maurice Dorléac and Renée Simonot. Deneuve was her mothers name, which she chose for her stage name. Her work for Buñuel would be her most famous, further prominent films from this early time in her career included Jean-Paul Rappeneaus A Matter of Resistance, and Demys musical Les Demoiselles de Rochefort. Her starring roles at the time were featured in films as A Slightly Pregnant Man with Marcello Mastroianni. She made her film as a producer in 1988, Drôle dendroit pour une rencontre. In 1997, Deneuve was the protagonist in the video for the song NOubliez Jamais sung by Joe Cocker. In 1998 she won acclaim and the Volpi Cup at the Venice Film Festival for her performance in Place Vendôme. In the late 1990s, Deneuve continued to appear in a number of films such as 1999s five films Est-Ouest, Le temps retrouvé, Pola X, Belle maman. In 2000, Deneuves part in Lars von Triers musical drama Dancer in the Dark alongside Icelandic singer Björk was subject to critical scrutiny. The film was selected for the Palme dOr at the Cannes Film Festival and she made another foray into Hollywood the following year, starring in The Musketeer for Peter Hyams. In 2002, she shared the Silver Bear Award for Best Ensemble Cast at the Berlin International Film Festival for her performance in 8 Women. In 2005, Deneuve published her diary A lombre de moi-meme, in it she writes about her experiences shooting the films Indochine and she also provided the voice role of Marjane Satrapis mother in Satrapis animated autobiographical film Persepolis, based on the graphic novel of the same name. In 2008, she appeared in her 100th film, Un conte de Noël, during an interview at the Cannes Film Festival with Ali Naderzad, Deneuve was asked which was her own favorite film
Catherine Deneuve
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Deneuve at the
2014 Cannes Film Festival
Catherine Deneuve
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Deneuve in 1968
Catherine Deneuve
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Deneuve at the
2011 César Awards.
18.
Lemon Incest
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Lemon Incest is a song written, composed and performed by Serge Gainsbourg in duet with his daughter Charlotte Gainsbourg. Recorded in 1984, the song was released as a single from Gainsbourgs album Love on the Beat in 1985 and it is also available on Charlottes 1986 album Charlotte for Ever. It was controversial because of its theme, but nevertheless successful, the title is a play on words in French in the chorus between Un zeste de citron and Inceste de citron. The music is based on Étude Op.10, No.3 in E major by Frédéric Chopin, the verses sung by Charlotte are quickly short of breath and lack to give a relief to the singing which is beautiful nevertheless. Gainsbourg sings with a repetitive phrasing which takes liberties with the melody. The background vocals are sung by The Simms Brothers Band, the music video shows Gainsbourg, shirtless and in jeans, and Charlotte, wearing a shirt and knickers, lying on a bed. This song has caused a scandal as it was accused of glamorising paedophilia, Charlotte, who then was thirteen, sings ambiguous lyrics seeming to refer to an impossible physical love between an adult and his child. In addition, the relationship between the two singers is the same as the protagonists of the song, which led to suspicions on the nature of the work. Serge Gainsbourg denied these allegations in the media, in an interview in 2010, Charlotte defended her decision to record the track, though acknowledging it was a provocation. The single went straight to #7 on October 26,1985, then it kept on dropping on the chart and totalled ten weeks in the top ten and 18 in the top 50. To date, the song is the 630th best-selling single of all time in France, the track is also used in the 2009 film Genova. 7 single Lemon Incest Hmm hmm hmm CD maxi Lemon Incest Hmm hmm hmm Lemon Incest CD single Lemon Incest —5,12 Hey Man Amen by Serge Gainsbourg —4,04
Lemon Incest
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"Lemon Incest"
19.
Kung Fu Master (film)
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Kung Fu Master is a 1988 French drama film directed by Agnès Varda. It was entered into the 38th Berlin International Film Festival and it was retitled as Le Petit Amour in France. Mary-Jane comes across Julien during a party her teenage daughter Lucy throws at their home, Julien has drunk too much and Mary-Jane induces vomiting to help him feel better. Intrigued by him she goes to visit Lucy at school to see if she can see him again, on the pretext of seeing if hes alright Mary-Jane takes Julien to a café where he plays his favourite arcade game, Kung Fu Master. Intrigued by Julien and knowing she wants to see him again Mary-Jane goes looking for places with the game. Before she can think of another reason to see Julien however he comes to her home, at the end of the day Julien kisses Mary-Janes hand. At school Julien and Lucy must work together on a project, Mary-Jane and Julien continue to think of ways to be near one another. When Mary-Jane overhears Lucy talking about Julien missing school she visits his home to him his homework. Later he invites her out to celebrate him and takes her to a hotel where he kisses her. Mary-Jane tepidly resists but later slaps him after he begins smoking in the elevator, while working on a project with Lucy, Julien learns that Lucy is going to England with her family over the upcoming holidays. Julien manages to get Lucy to invite him along, on Easter, while she is hiding eggs, Mary-Jane is surprised by Julien. The two end up kissing and are discovered by Lucy who is horrified by the fact that her mother is kissing a 14 year old boy, on the island the two of them declare their love for one another and enjoy a close relationship. At the end of their time on the island Mary-Jane worries that shell lose Julien and hell forget about her, after their return from the island Juliens mother threatens to press charges while Mary-Jane loses custody of Lucy. Mary Jane never hears from him again, meanwhile at an arcade Julien finally wins the Kung Fu Master game. He asks an employee to call Mary-Jane and tell him that he has won but the employee gives up after he calls. Later at his new school when other boys ask if hes ever had a girlfriend he speaks disparagingly of Mary-Jane saying she was just a bored housewife he once slept with. Most of the cast were taken from Birkin and Vardas family, with Birkins real life daughters and parents playing her daughters, in 2015 both Kung Fu Master and Jane B. par Agnès V. were acquired for U. S. distribution by Cinelicious Pics. The films enjoyed a theatrical release before being streamed on the movie streaming service Fandor
Kung Fu Master (film)
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Film poster
20.
David Mamet
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David Alan Mamet is an American playwright, essayist, screenwriter, and film director. As a playwright, Mamet has won a Pulitzer Prize and received Tony nominations for Glengarry Glen Ross, Mamet first gained acclaim for a trio of off-Broadway plays in 1976, The Duck Variations, Sexual Perversity in Chicago, and American Buffalo. His play Race opened on Broadway on December 6,2009, Mamets 2017 play The Penitent previewed off-Broadway on February 8,2017. Feature films that Mamet both wrote and directed include Redbelt, The Spanish Prisoner, House of Games, Spartan, Heist, State and Main, The Winslow Boy, and Oleanna. This was accompanied by Homicide, Things Change, and most recently the 2013 HBO film Phil Spector, starring Al Pacino as Spector with Helen Mirren and Jeffrey Tambor. His drama Glengarry Glen Ross, in 1992, was adapted by Mamet into a version which also received an Academy Award nomination. Mamet was also the producer and frequent writer for the TV show The Unit. As a screenplay writer, Mamet received Oscar nominations for The Verdict, Mamet was born in 1947 in Chicago to Jewish parents, Lenore June, a teacher, and Bernard Morris Mamet, an attorney. One of his first jobs was as a busboy at Chicagos The Second City and he was educated at the progressive Francis W. Parker School and at Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont. At the Chicago Public Library Foundation 20th anniversary fundraiser in 2006, though, I got what little educational foundation I got in the third-floor reading room, under the tutelage of a Coca-Cola sign. Mamet is a member of the Atlantic Theater Company, he first gained acclaim for a trio of off-Broadway plays in 1976, The Duck Variations, Sexual Perversity in Chicago. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1984 for Glengarry Glen Ross and his play Race, which opened on Broadway on December 6,2009 and featured James Spader, David Alan Grier, Kerry Washington, and Richard Thomas in the cast, received mixed reviews. His play The Anarchist, starring Patti LuPone and Debra Winger, in her Broadway debut and his 2017 play The Penitent previewed off-Broadway on February 8,2017. In 2002, Mamet was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame, Mamet later received the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award for Grand Master of American Theater in 2010. His latest feature-length film, a thriller titled Blackbird, is slated for release in 2015, Mamets first produced screenplay was the 1981 production of The Postman Always Rings Twice, based upon James M. Cains novel. He received an Academy Award nomination one year later for his first script, The Verdict and he also wrote the screenplay for The Untouchables. In 1987, Mamet made his directing debut with House of Games, starring his then-wife, Lindsay Crouse. He uses friends as actors, especially in one scene in the movie
David Mamet
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Mamet at the premiere of
Redbelt at the Tribeca Film Festival, April 25, 2008
21.
Oleanna (play)
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The plays title, taken from a folk song, refers to a 19th-century escapist vision of utopia. Mamet later adapted his play into a film of the same name, Carol, a college student, is in the office of her professor, John. She expresses frustration that she does not understand the material in his class, despite having read the assigned books, of particular concern is a book written by John himself, wherein he questions the modern insistence that everyone participate in higher education, referring to it as systematic hazing. While talking with Carol, he is interrupted by the phone ringing. John is about to be granted tenure, along with a handsome raise, anticipating this, he is about to close on a new house, but his wife repeatedly calls with last-minute issues, demanding that he meet her at the home as soon as possible. After initially appearing insensitive, John eventually decides to help Carol, telling her that he likes her and that he also felt similar frustrations as a student. He takes the blame for her not understanding what he is talking about, at one heated point in the discussion he goes to put his hand on her shoulder to comfort her, but she violently shakes it off. Carol is back in Johns office, but more poised than before, Johns tenure is threatened because Carol has filed a formal complaint with the committee, accusing him of being sexist and pornographic. She has documented daily occurrences of Johns sexist remarks toward his students and his hand on her shoulder is described as sexual harassment. John hopes to resolve the matter privately with Carol so that the complaint may be withdrawn from the tenure committee. He says he does not understand how his actions could have offended her so, Carol decides its best that she leave, but John stands in front of the door and grabs hold of her. John has been denied tenure and suspended, with a possible dismissal and he has not been home to see his wife and family, staying at a hotel for two days trying to work out in his head what has happened. He has asked Carol to speak to him more and she has obliged. Carol is even more forceful to name her instructors flaws and she finds it hypocritical that a college professor could question the very system that offers him employment and gives him an academic platform to expound his views. She also makes reference to her group, on whose behalf she speaks and from whom she seems to be getting advice, in passing, John mentions that he has not been home recently. Carol reveals that if he had, he would have learned that her charges against him now amount to attempted rape, Carol offers to drop her charges if John would agree to her groups list of books to be removed from the university, which includes his own. He angrily tells her to leave his office as his phone rings again and it is his wife, whom he calls baby. Carol tells him not to refer to his wife that way, John finally snaps completely and savagely beats her, verbally abuses her and holds a chair above her head as she cowers on the floor
Oleanna (play)
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View of Broadway Theaters on 45th Street at night with Oleanna Marquee visible
22.
Jane Eyre (1996 film)
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Jane Eyre is a 1996 American, British, French and Italian romantic epic and dramatic feature film adaptation of Charlotte Brontës 1847 novel of the same name. Jane Eyre is the plain, impoverished young woman who is hired by Mr. Rochester through Mrs. Fairfax to work as a governess for Adèle. Despite her mild unprepossessing manner more like a nun, Jane has strong passions and shows her strength in character in expressing her opinions. Rochester is the Byronic anti-hero who is tortured and tormented by family troubles, past injustices, Rochester and Jane find an affinity for each other and fall in love. What she does not realize is that she must share the estate with his wife, Bertha, the marriage is stopped by Berthas brother Richard Mason and lawyer Briggs. Jane flees, her world crashing down is a nightmare and she recovers in the parsonage of her original aunts home, discovers she is now a wealthy woman inheriting her long-lost uncles fortune in Madeira. She gets a proposal of marriage from Parson St. John Rivers but her heart and she goes back to find Thornfield Hall burnt down but Rochester is crippled and blinded by the fire set by his mad wife, Bertha, who has killed herself in the fire. However, Janes love for Rochester remains undiminished, she nurses him back to health, he recovers his eyesight, prior to Zeffirellis location use, Haddon Hall had been once used as the castle for The Princess Bride. The film holds a rating of 74% at Rotten Tomatoes based on 27 reviews. The New York Times called Hurt embarrassingly miscast as a Rochester more nearly a mild eccentric than a brooding, Byronic type, Jane Eyre at the Internet Movie Database Jane Eyre at Rotten Tomatoes Review at JaneEyre. net
Jane Eyre (1996 film)
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Theatrical release poster
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