The Cherokee Freedmen controversy was a political and tribal dispute between the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma and descendants of the Cherokee Freedmen regarding the issue of tribal membership. The controversy had resulted in several legal proceedings between the two parties from the late 20th century to August 2017.
Enrollment for Cherokee Census Card D1
Inside a slave cabin at the Chief Vann House
Cherokee Freedmen Enrollment Notice, 1902
Freedman
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A freedman or freedwoman is a formerly enslaved person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, slaves were freed by manumission, emancipation, or self-purchase. A fugitive slave is a person who escaped enslavement by fleeing.
Arab-Muslim slave traders and their African captives in the Sahara, 19th century.
Freedman with an old horn used to call slaves photographed in Texas, 1939