1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
Limp Bizkit
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Limp Bizkit is an American rap rock band from Jacksonville, Florida, formed in 1994. Their lineup consists of Fred Durst, Sam Rivers, John Otto and their music is marked by Dursts angry vocal delivery and Borlands sonic experimentation. Borlands elaborate visual appearance, which includes face and body paint, masks and uniforms, the band has been nominated for three Grammy Awards, have sold 40 million records worldwide and won several other awards. Borland left the group in 2001, but Durst, Rivers, Otto and Lethal continued to record and tour with guitarist Mike Smith. Following the release of their album, Results May Vary, Borland rejoined the band and recorded The Unquestionable Truth with Durst, Rivers, Lethal and they are currently recording their seventh studio album, Stampede of the Disco Elephants. Fred Durst grew up in Jacksonville, Florida, where he took an interest in breakdancing, hip hop, punk rock and he began to rap, skate, beatbox and deejay. While mowing lawns and working as a tattoo artist, he developed an idea for a band that combined elements of rock and hip hop. Durst played with three bands, Split 26, Malachi Sage, which were unsuccessful, and 10 Foot Shindig. Durst told Sam Rivers, the bassist for Malachi Sage, You need to quit this band and start a band with me thats like this, rappin and rockin. Rivers suggested that his cousin, John Otto, who was studying jazz drumming at the Douglas Anderson School of the Arts and playing in local avant garde bands, Durst, Rivers and Otto jammed and wrote three songs together, and Wes Borland later joined as a guitarist. Durst named the band Limp Bizkit, because he wanted a name that would repel listeners, according to Durst, The name is there to turn peoples heads away. A lot of people pick up the disc and go, Limp Bizkit and those are the people that we dont even want listening to our music. Other names that were considered by Durst included Gimp Disco, Split Dickslit, Bitch Piglet, every record label that showed an interest in the band pressured its members to change its name. Limp Bizkit developed a following in the underground music scene, particularly at the Milk Bar. The bands local popularity was such that Sugar Ray, who had a label contract. Milkbar owner, Danny Wimmer, stated that Limp Bizkit had the biggest draw for a local band and they went from playing ten people to eight hundred within months. Fred was always marketing the band and he would go to record stores and get people involved, he was in touch with high schools. However, the band knew that to achieve success, they would have to distinguish themselves in their live performances
3.
Nu metal
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Nu metal is a form of alternative metal that combines elements of heavy metal music with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge. Nu metal bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, Nu metal rarely features guitar solos, the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs. Many nu metal guitarists use seven-string guitars that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound, DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds. Vocal styles in nu metal include singing, rapping, screaming and growling, Nu metal is one of the key genres of the New Wave of American Heavy Metal. Nu metal became popular in the late 1990s with bands and artists such as Korn, Limp Bizkit, Slipknot, many heavy metal fans have criticized nu metal, and do not regard it as true heavy metal. Many nu metal musicians have rejected the nu metal label and also have rejected being labeled as heavy metal, Nu metal is also known as nü-metal and aggro-metal. It is a subgenre of alternative metal, MTV states that the early nu metal group Korn arrived in 1993 into the burgeoning alternative metal scene, which would morph into nü-metal the way college rock became alternative rock. Stereogum has similarly claimed that nu metal was a outgrowth of the Lollapalooza-era alt-metal scene. Nu metal merges elements of metal music with elements of other music genres such as grunge, hip hop, funk. Nu metal bands also are influenced by and use elements of genres of metal music such as death metal, rap metal, groove metal, funk metal, alternative metal. Some nu metal bands such as Static-X and Dope made nu metal music elements of industrial metal. Nu metal music is heavily syncopated and is based mostly on guitar riffs, mid-song bridges and a general lack of guitar solos contrasts it with other genres of heavy metal. N its efforts to tune down and simplify riffs, nu-metal effectively drove a stake through the heart of the guitar solo. Another contrast with other metal genres is nu metals emphasis on rhythm, rather than on complexity or mood. The wah pedal is occasionally featured in nu metal music, Nu metal guitar riffs occasionally are similar to death metal guitar riffs. Nu metal bassists and drummers are often influenced by funk and hip hop, respectively, blast beats, which are common in heavy metal subgenres such as black metal and death metal, are extremely rare in nu metal. sound a Mack truck being crushed by a collapsing skyscraper. Some nu metal bands use seven-string guitars that are generally down-tuned, likewise, some bass guitarists use five-string and six-string instruments. Bass guitar-playing in nu metal often features an emphasis on elements such as slap bass, a percussive style of playing in which the thumb slaps the low strings
4.
Interscope Records
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Interscope Records is an American record company. At the time, it differed from most record companies by giving decision-making authority to its A&R staff and it had its first hit records less than a year after it was founded and achieved profitability in 1993. In 1992, Interscope acquired the rights to market and distribute the hardcore rap label Death Row. Albums by Death Row artists included rappers Tupac Shakur, Dr. Dre, as a result, Time Warner severed ties with Interscope by selling its 50 percent stake back to Field and Iovine for $115 million in 1995. In 1996, 50% of the label was acquired by the MCA Music Entertainment Group for a reported $200 million, Iovine served as chairman and CEO until May 2014. He was succeeded by John Janick, Interscope is headquartered in Santa Monica, California. The labels best-selling artists include U2, Eminem, Lady Gaga, in 1989, Ted Field began to build Interscope Records as a division of his film company, Interscope Communications. To run it, he hired John McClain, who had played a role in Janet Jacksons success at A&M Records, and Tom Whalley. Separately, Iovine, who had produced records by U2, Bruce Springsteen, I thought, Music is going to change, Iovine said in 1997. Young bands arent going to be asking for me, but I love working with the new thing. I always liked the part of the business thats the first time you hear something, Iovine and Field were introduced by Paul McGuinness, then U2s manager. After a series of negotiations led by David Geffen, they came to an agreement, in a 1997 article in Rolling Stone, David Wild wrote, Interscopes start-up coincided with a period of incredible change in the music world. Nirvana had ushered in the alternative revolution, based in Westwood, California, Interscope was run by music men. It was a departure from the industry practices of the 1970s and 1980s. A founding tenet of the label was that artists would have creative control. Interscopes first release was Rico Suave by Ecuadoran rapper Gerardo in December 1990, Primus Interscope debut was released in May, followed by Marky Mark and the Funky Bunchs Music for the People in July. It included the #1 single Good Vibrations, two days after first hearing his demo, Whalley signed Tupac Shakur, and in November 1991, Interscope released 2pacalypse Now, Shakurs studio debut. Interscope began to develop a significant presence in the genre in 1992
5.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
6.
Significant Other
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Significant Other is the second album by American rap rock band Limp Bizkit. Released in 1999 by Flip/Interscope Records, the saw the band expanding its sound from that of its debut album Three Dollar Bill, Yall, to incorporate further metal. Significant Other was co-produced by Terry Date and Limp Bizkit, the album has sold at least 16 million copies worldwide. During the bands performance at Woodstock 1999, violence erupted during the albums song Break Stuff. However, the controversy did not affect the success, as Significant Other received high commercial sales. Critical reception to the album was favorable, with critics responding well to the unique sound and the bands performance. Producer Terry Date, known for working with Pantera, White Zombie, guitarist Wes Borland stated of Dates production, he doesnt get overly involved at the music end of things. Hes a producer who fools with sound and sonically makes everything perfect and he gets sounds that translate really well on tape and pretty much completely captures what we do, perfectly. The band immediately began recording after the conclusion of the Family Values Tour, an early version of Im Broke was recorded for Three Dollar Bill, Yall$, but was left off the album because of how different the song sounded from the rest of that albums material. Originated from a melody played in rough form in early 1998, in response to claims that the lyrics of Three Dollar Bill, Yall$ were misogynistic, Durst toned down his lyrical content on this album, which he described as being more lyrically mature. Fred Dursts breakup with his girlfriend inspired the songs Nookie and Re-Arranged, the band allowed Durst and DJ Lethal to explore their hip hop influences by recording with Method Man. DJ Premier of Gang Starr was brought in to produce the collaboration, the band wanted to record a track that was straight hip-hop, according to Borland. The song was originally titled Shut The Fuck Up, but was retitled N2 Gether Now for marketing purposes, Durst also recorded a song with Eminem, Turn Me Loose, which was left off the album. Durst also recorded a song with System of a Downs vocalist Serj Tankian named Dont Go Off Wandering, serjs vocals only appeared on the Demo version of the song where he sang the Bridge and Ending Chorus but his vocals dont appear on the album version of the song. The band also collaborated with Korn vocalist Jonathan Davis and Scott Weiland of Stone Temple Pilots on Nobody Like You, Weiland would frequently visit NRG studios and help with the recording, vocally coaching Durst. While the band was opposed to solos, they allowed John Otto to perform a drum solo in the middle of Nobody Like You. Scott Borland wrote string melodies for Dont Go Off Wandering, the band also recorded interludes with Primus bass player and singer Les Claypool and MTV VJ Matt Pinfield. Claypool stated, I came in and they wanted me to some sort of intro for the record
7.
New Old Songs
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New Old Songs is a remix album by American rock band Limp Bizkit. Released on December 4,2001, the album contains hip hop remixes of songs from the bands albums Three Dollar Bill, Yall, Significant Other and Chocolate Starfish, the sound of New Old Songs is predominately based in hip hop music. The album compiles remixes of songs from Three Dollar Bill, Yall, Significant Other and Chocolate Starfish and this albums remix of Faith, a cover of the George Michael song, incorporates elements of David Bowies song Fame and a newly recorded rap verse by Everlast. Despite having no singles released, it achieved Gold certification by the RIAA in February 2002 in the US, the album peaked at #26 on the Billboard 200. Torreano appraised three of the tracks, Fred Durst and Josh Abrahams remix of Faith, DJ Premiers remix of My Way. Describing Vigs Nookie remix, Torreano said that it might be the albums best track, writing that it more like Fatboy Slim with its thick beat. The Rolling Stone Album Guide awarded the two out of five stars. In The Essential Rock Discography, Martin Charles Strong gave the compilation a 5 out of 10 rating
8.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
9.
Take a Look Around (song)
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Take a Look Around is a song by the American nu metal band Limp Bizkit. It is the track on their third album Chocolate Starfish. The main riff of the song is derived from the original Mission, Impossible theme composed by Lalo Schifrin and appears on the soundtrack to the 2000 film Mission, Impossible II. An instrumental version of Take a Look Around was released as a promo, but just as they are about to succeed, they are ordered to abort the mission, as the secret agents turn out to be decoys. The boys are soon kicked out, and the phone that Fred Durst uses at the beginning blows up right at the end, there are also scenes of the band performing in front of the coffee shop as well as brief shots from Mission, Impossible II. At the beginning of the video, the song Break Stuff can be heard in the car that the band arrives in, the video was rarely shown in the States. Fred Durst has stated that he dislikes the video - despite the fact that he directed it - and it is not available on either the DVD of Mission Impossible 2, or the bands DVD compilation Greatest Videoz. Take a Look Around music video on YouTube
10.
My Generation (Limp Bizkit song)
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My Generation is a song by the American nu metal band Limp Bizkit. It was released in October 2000 as a single from the album Chocolate Starfish, the song was released as the first single simultaneously with Rollin. Durst attributed the songs aggressive nature to his mindstate when composing it, in the second verse, he implores the youth of America to take advice and to avoid step into a big pile of shit. This greatly affected Durst, who has opened a dog grooming business so that he. Guitarist Wes Borland said the working title was Cum on My Shoes in several interviews around the albums release. The music video for My Generation shows Limp Bizkit performing live on a glass stage. During the breakdown of the song, each member is shown separately. Professional wrestler Robyn Logan, who worked as a bodyguard for the band at the time, the rock band Staind also performed on this very same stage in the video for their single Mudshovel. The song was released as two different singles with different covers. CD2, My Generation Its Like That YAll Snake In Your Face CD1, My Generation Back O Da Bus Faith My Generation Official music video on YouTube Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
11.
Rollin' (Limp Bizkit song)
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Rollin is a song by the American nu metal band Limp Bizkit from their album Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavored Water. It was released as the single along with My Generation. The song peaked at sixty five on the Billboard Hot 100. Rollin, a remix of Rollin featuring hip-hop artists DMX and Method Man & Redman, the remix is also featured on the soundtrack to the 2001 film The Fast and the Furious. The music video was filmed atop the South Tower of the former World Trade Center in New York City, the introduction features Ben Stiller and Stephen Dorff mistaking Fred Durst for the valet and giving him the keys to their Bentley Azure. Also making a cameo is break dancer Mr. Wiggles, the rest of the video has several cuts to Durst and his bandmates hanging out of the Bentley as they drive about Manhattan. The song Ben Stiller is playing at the beginning is My Generation from the same album, the video also features scenes of Fred Durst with 5 girls dancing in a room. The video was filmed around the time as the film Zoolander. Fred Durst has a cameo in that film. Rollin video received the award for Best Rock Video at the 2001 MTV Video Music Awards, on September 10,2001, Limp Bizkit received a letter from the World Trade Center, thanking them for featuring the towers in the video. The song was featured in UpVenues top songs that make you drive faster and it was parodied as Posin on the television series MADtv, and the Urban Assault Vehicle version was listed on VH1s list of the 50 Most Awesomely Bad Songs. Former MLB player Scott Rolen used the song as his song before he batted. Rollin was well known among WWE fans as the theme for professional wrestler The Undertaker from December 2000 to May 2002. The song is featured as a track that can be selected on Hollywood Rip Ride Rockit at Universal Studios Orlando and it is also the song in the intro video of NHL Hitz 20-02, and is heard in the menus and gameplay as well. The song was also the song for the Buffalo Sabres of the NHL from 2005 to 2007. It was featured in American Dad. s episode Next of Pin, the song was released in three versions, each with a different cover color and track listing. There was also a DVD that was released in the United Kingdom
12.
Boiler (song)
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Boiler is a song by the American nu metal band Limp Bizkit. It was released in November 2001 as the fifth and final single from their studio album Chocolate Starfish. Guitar World described the song as an old-school, L. L, there was a limited edition Gold numbered version of this single that includes DVD music videos from the band. The music video was directed by Dave Meyers and Fred Durst, the song peaked at 30 on Modern Rock charts. In the beginning, the shows a woman in a bikini in an apartment looking in the mirror with Fred Durst watching her. Durst then goes to a stand called Bolacha Mole, where he sits next to a person with a scar under his eye, across from Wes Borland. Durst starts to eat his burger, but discovers that it is crawling with worms, after this, a car crashes into the stand and it explodes. Durst wakes up in a bed with a woman who starts to kiss him, looking around, he discovers that there were dozens of couples kissing and having sex in similar beds. Prompted by this revelation, he starts to run away, while running, Durst turns into a cartoon and is chased by an army of humans with round bellies, and a sea of hot dogs which turns into a giant sea monster that tries to kill him. After escaping, he changes back into his form by ripping the cartoon character apart to reveal himself again. The stage is located in the center of the galeries of Mãe dÁgua in Lisbon, Portugal, the Mãe dÁgua reservoir of the Amoreiras, the largest of the water reservoirs, was finished in 1834. This reservoir, with a capacity of 5,500 m³ of water, was designed by Carlos Mardel. It is now deactivated and can be visited as part of the Museu da Água, after the band finishes performing the song, Durst drops his hat on the ground and walks away. This was the music video to feature guitarist Wes Borland due to him leaving the band in October of that same year. Parts of the video are a clear homage to Pink Floyds The Wall. The opening scene, the belt of people falling into a hole and being made into sausages. The video was banned from MTV due to the scene where couples are having sex, Boiler Faith My Way My Way Boiler Boiler Official music video on YouTube
13.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
14.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
15.
Human anus
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The human anus is the external opening of the rectum. Two sphincters control the exit of feces from the body during an act of defecation, the inner sphincter is involuntary and the outer is voluntary. It is located behind the perineum which is located behind the vagina in females, with anal sex, the anus can play a role in sexuality. Attitudes towards anal sex vary and it is illegal in some countries, the anus is often considered a taboo part of the body, and it is known by a large number of usually vulgar slang terms. The anus is also the site of infections and other conditions. The traditional polite synonym for anus was fundament, though this euphemism is rarely heard now that medical terms are widely acceptable, the anus is the final component of the gastrointestinal tract, and directly continues from the rectum. The anus passes through the pelvic floor, the anus is surrounded by muscles. The top and bottom of the anus are surrounded by the internal and external anal sphincters, the anus is surrounded in its length by folds called anal valves, which converge at a line known as the pectinate line. This represents the point of transition between the hindgut and the ectoderm in the embryo, below this point, the mucosa of the internal anus becomes skin. The pectinate line is also the division between the internal and external anus, the anus receives blood from the inferior rectal artery and innervation from the inferior rectal nerves, which branch from the pudendal nerve. The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract transitions to stratified squamous epithelium at the pectinate line, the stratified squamous epithelium gradually accumulates sebaceous and apocrine glands. During puberty, as testosterone triggers androgenic hair growth on the body, although initially sparse, it fills out by the end of puberty, if not earlier. However, in some genetic populations androgenic hair is less common, intra-rectal pressure builds as the rectum fills with feces, pushing the feces against the walls of the anal canal. Contractions of abdominal and pelvic floor muscles can create pressure which further increases intra-rectal pressure. The internal anal sphincter responds to the pressure by relaxing, thus allowing the feces to enter the canal, the rectum shortens as feces are pushed into the anal canal and peristaltic waves push the feces out of the rectum. Relaxation of the internal and external anal sphincters allows the feces to exit from the anus, finally, in psychology, the Freudian term anal fixation is used. The anus has a high concentration of nerve endings and can be an erogenous zone. The pudendal nerve that branches to supply the external anal sphincter also branches to the nerve of clitoris
16.
Wes Borland
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Wesley Louden Wes Borland is an American rock musician and artist. He is best known as the current guitarist and backing vocalist of the nu metal band Limp Bizkit and he gained popularity when Limp Bizkit achieved mainstream success in the late 1990s and early 2000s. He formed a band called Big Dumb Face with his brother Scott in 1998, Borland left Limp Bizkit in 2001 and started many side projects such as Eat the Day and The Damning Well. After rejoining Limp Bizkit in 2004, Borland founded Black Light Burns, Limp Bizkit went on hiatus following the release of their album The Unquestionable Truth. However, the original lineup reunited in 2009 and recorded their sixth studio album. In 2016, Borland released his solo album Crystal Machete, Borland is known for his sonic experimentation and elaborate visual appearance, which has included face and body paint, masks and uniforms. He has drawn covers and created artwork for many of his music projects as well as oil paintings. Borland was voted #37 in Total Guitars Top 100 Guitarists of All Time, originally from Richmond, Virginia, United States, Borland grew up in Nashville, Tennessee. Borlands musical interests were at odds with the music trends which leaned largely toward country music. He recalled, I would bring in something, and my teacher would go, dont you want to play some Merle Haggard. Borlands brother, Scott, took an interest in guitar. Borlands interest in hip hop music was piqued by the release of Anthrax and Public Enemys collaboration, Borland moved to Jacksonville, Florida with his parents, where he began attending art school due to his lack of interest in the local music scene. There, he began practicing sculpture making and special effects, Borland continued to take guitar lessons, working with a teacher that specialized in jazz. As his guitar skills improved, Borland began to craft guitar parts, Borland felt confined by being forced to attend church despite his lack of interest in organized religion, and moved out when he reached the age of 18. Borland joined Limp Bizkit, a formed by Fred Durst. Limp Bizkit developed a following in the underground music scene, particularly at the Milk Bar. Borlands theatrical rock style was the attraction for many concert attendees. After DJ Lethal joined the band as a turntablist, Borland left Limp Bizkit after a disagreement with Durst, however, Borland rejoined after the band signed with Mojo, a subsidiary of MCA Records
17.
Soft drink
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A soft drink is a drink that typically contains carbonated water, a sweetener, and a natural or artificial flavoring. The sweetener may be sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, fruit juice, sugar substitutes, Soft drinks may also contain caffeine, colorings, preservatives, and other ingredients. Soft drinks are called soft in contrast to hard drinks, small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content must be less than 0. 5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic. Fruit punch, tea, and other such non-alcoholic beverages are technically soft drinks by this definition but are not generally referred to as such, Soft drinks may be served chilled, over ice cubes or at room temperature. In rare cases, some drinks, such as Dr Pepper. Soft drinks are available in formats, including cans, glass bottles. Soft drinks are widely available at fast food restaurants, movie theaters, convenience stores, casual dining restaurants, dedicated soda stores. Soda fountain drinks are served in paper or plastic disposable cups in the first three venues. In casual dining restaurants and bars, soft drinks are served in glasses. Soft drinks may be drunk with straws or sipped directly from the cups, Soft drinks are mixed with other ingredients in several contexts. In Western countries, in bars and other places where alcohol is served many mixed drinks are made by blending a soft drink with hard liquor, one well-known example is the rum and coke, which may also contain lime juice. Some homemade fruit punch recipes, which may or may not contain alcohol, contain a mixture of fruit juices. At ice cream parlours and 1950s-themed diners, ice cream floats are often sold, two popular ice cream floats are the coke float and the root beer float, which consist of a scoop of ice cream placed in a tall glass of the respectively named soft drinks. Due to the sugar content in typical soft drinks, they may also be called sugary drinks. In Spanish, they use the English equivalent of refreshment, or also commonly called gaseosa. In the United States, the 2003 Harvard Dialect Survey tracked the usage of the nine most common names, over half of the survey respondents preferred the term soda, which was dominant in the Northeastern United States, California, and the areas surrounding Milwaukee and St. Louis. The term tonic is hyperlocal to eastern Massachusetts, although usage is declining, in the English-speaking parts of Canada, the term pop is prevalent, but soft drink is the most common English term used in Montreal. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, the terms fizzy drink, pop and fizzy pop are used in northern England, while mineral is used in Ireland
18.
Fuck
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Fuck is an obscene English-language word, which refers to the act of sexual intercourse and is also commonly used as an intensifier or to denote disdain. Its origin is obscure but is considered to be first attested to around 1475. In modern usage, the term fuck and its derivatives can be used as a noun, a verb, an adjective, there are many common phrases that employ the word, as well as compounds that incorporate it, such as motherfucker, fuckwit and fucknut. The word is considered obscene, but is common in many informal, some English-speaking countries censor it on television and radio. Andrea Millwood Hargraves 2000 study of the attitudes of the British public found that fuck was considered the third most severe profanity, cunt was considered the most severe. Nevertheless, the word has become increasingly less vulgar and more publicly acceptable, because of its increasing usage in the public forum, in 2005 the word was included for the first time as one of three vulgarities in The Canadian Presss Canadian Press Caps and Spelling guide. Journalists were advised to refrain from censoring the word but use it sparingly and only when its inclusion was essential to the story. An earlier name, that of John le Fucker recorded in 1278, has been the subject of debate, otherwise, the usually accepted first known occurrence of the word is found in code in a poem in a mixture of Latin and English composed in the 15th century. The poem, which satirizes the Carmelite friars of Cambridge, England, takes its title, Flen flyys, from the first words of its line, Flen, flyys. The line that contains fuck reads Non sunt in coeli, quia gxddbov xxkxzt pg ifmk, the phrase was probably encoded because it accused monks of breaking their vows of celibacy, it is uncertain to what extent the word fuck was considered acceptable at the time. The stem of fvccant is an English word used as Latin, English medieval Latin has many examples of writers using English words when they did not know the Latin word, in the Middle English of this poem, the term wife was still used generically for woman. The word has cognates in other Germanic languages, such as German ficken, Dutch fokken, dialectal Norwegian fukka. This points to a possible etymology where Common Germanic fuk– comes from an Indo-European root meaning to strike, by application of Grimms law, this hypothetical root has the form *pug–. Yet another possible etymology is from the Old High German word pfluog, meaning to plow, there is a theory that fuck is most likely derived from Flemish, German, or Dutch roots, and is probably not from Old English roots. There may be a kinship with the Latin futuere, a verb with almost exactly the meaning as the English verb to fuck. However, there is no clear past lineage or derivation for the Latin word and these roots, even if cognates, are not the original Indo-European word for to copulate, but Wayland Young argues that they derive from the Indo-European *bhu– or *bhug–, or as causative create. A possible intermediate might be a Latin 4th-declension verbal noun *fūtus, however, the connection to futuere has been disputed—Anatoly Liberman calls it a coincidence and writes that it is not likely to have been borrowed from the Low German precursors to fuck. Greek phyō has various meanings, including to beget, or and its perfect pephyka can be likened to fuck and its equivalents in other Germanic languages
19.
Nine Inch Nails
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Nine Inch Nails is an American industrial rock band founded in 1988 by Trent Reznor in Cleveland, Ohio. Despite this, the band has had feuds with the corporate side of the recording industry. Reznor returned to self-releasing material with the second Nine Inch Nails EP, as the bands main producer, singer, songwriter, and instrumentalist, Reznor is the only constant member of the group, and remains solely responsible for its direction. This changed however in 2016 when Atticus Ross was introduced as a permanent member of Nine Inch Nails alongside the announcement of Not the Actual Events, after recording a new album, Reznor usually assembles a live band to perform onstage with him. The touring band features a lineup that often rearranges songs to fit a live setting. On stage, Nine Inch Nails often employs visual elements to accompany performances, Nine Inch Nails has been nominated for thirteen Grammy Awards, and won twice for the songs Wish and Happiness in Slavery in 1992 and 1996, respectively. In 1997, Reznor appeared in Time magazines list of the years most influential people, in 2004, Rolling Stone placed Nine Inch Nails at 94 on its list of the 100 greatest artists of all time. In 2014, Nine Inch Nails was named as nominees for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, in 2015, they were nominated a second time. Koster agreed and allowed Reznor to use it whenever it was empty, while completing the early recordings, Reznor was unable to find a band that could articulate the material as he desired. Instead, inspired by Prince, Reznor played all the instruments except drums himself and this role remains Reznors on most of the bands studio recordings, though he has occasionally involved other musicians and assistants. Nine Inch Nails debut was at the Phantasy Theater in Lakewood, in 1988, after playing its first shows supporting Skinny Puppy, Reznors ambition for Nine Inch Nails was to release one 12-inch single on a small European label. Several labels responded favorably to the material and Reznor signed with TVT Records. The overall sound on Purest Feeling is lighter than that of Pretty Hate Machine, several songs feature live drumming and guitar work throughout. Reznor coined the name Nine Inch Nails because it abbreviated easily, other rumored explanations have circulated, alleging that Reznor chose to reference Jesus crucifixion with nine-inch spikes, or Freddy Kruegers nine-inch fingernails. The English letters NIN are also noted for their resemblance to the modern Hebrew characters of the Tetragrammaton, the Nine Inch Nails logo, which consists of the letters set inside a border, was designed by Reznor and Gary Talpas. The logo first appeared on the video for Nine Inch Nails debut single, Down in It. Talpas, a native of Cleveland, would continue to design Nine Inch Nails packaging art until 1997, written, arranged, and performed by Reznor, Nine Inch Nails first album Pretty Hate Machine debuted in 1989. It marked his first collaboration with Adrian Sherwood and Mark Flood Ellis, Reznor asked Sean Beavan to mix the demos of Pretty Hate Machine, which had received multiple offers for record deals
20.
Closer (Nine Inch Nails song)
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Closer is a song by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails from their second studio album, The Downward Spiral. It was released on May 30,1994 as the second single. Most versions of the single are titled Closer to God, an example in music of a singles title differing from the title of its A-side. Labeled Halo 9, the single is the ninth official NIN release, a promotional single provided by the label to radio stations included both long and short vocal-censored-i. e. Censored versions of the song and its Mark Romanek-directed music video received airplay on radio. Closers drum track features a modified bass drum sample from the Iggy Pop song Nightclubbing from his album The Idiot. Radio edits of Closer were created by muting the vocal track for the duration of each deleted obscenity, in 2003, VH1 ranked the song at number 93 in its countdown of the 100 Greatest Songs of the Past 25 Years. The song was ranked at the number 2 position on AOLs 69 Sexiest Songs of All Time, come on dude, I wanna fuck you like an animal. Remarked Mötley Crüe drummer and Downward Spiral contributor Tommy Lee and those are pure fuck beats – Trent Reznor knew what he was doing. You can fuck to it, you can dance to it, since Im engaged now, Ill just say that the most memorable episode that I remember with Closer took place on a swing. In July 2009, the song was voted in at number 62 on Triple Js Hottest 100 of all time, the music video was directed by Mark Romanek and first aired on May 12,1994, having been filmed in April of that year. It was cut down from its length to 4,36. The video was popular and helped bolster the success of the band, a monkey tied to a cross. A severed pigs head spinning on some type of machine, Reznor wearing various fetish gear, such as an S&M mask, ball gag, and long leather gloves while swinging in shackles. Several times, Reznor, wearing pants, floats and rotates through the air. There are also scenes of Reznor being blown back by a machine while wearing aviator goggles. These images seem to be inspired by the art of Joel-Peter Witkin, as well as Francis Bacon, the video is also very heavily inspired by the Brothers Quays animated short film Street of Crocodiles. According to director Mark Romanek, the video was filmed using an out of date film stock
21.
The Perfect Drug
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The Perfect Drug is a song by Nine Inch Nails. It was written for the David Lynch film Lost Highway and originally appeared on the Lost Highway soundtrack, remixes of the song were released in an EP, The Perfect Drug Versions. Though The Perfect Drug Versions acts as a single for the titular song, the music video for song was directed by Mark Romanek, and is on the Closure video compilation and The Work of Director Mark Romanek. Despite being a single, The Perfect Drug has never performed live. On the official NIN website, Sara asked whether this is because the drum solo would make Jeromes arms fall off, then-drummer Jerome Dillon replied that they never rule out the possibility of playing any of the songs live. By saying the only thing I think I really dont like that much is The Perfect Drug song, and I think what came out of it, married with a bloated, over-budget video, feels like. The least thing that I would play to if they said play me, yknow, the top hundred songs youve written. Im not cringing about it, but its not my favorite piece, the Perfect Drug was released as a track for the video game Rock Band on February 26,2008 for Xbox 360 and on February 28 for PlayStation 3. It is available as a download or as part of the Nine Inch Nails song pack along with March of the Pigs. It is viewed as one of the hardest songs to play on drums in the game and it later appeared in Rock Band Unplugged. The Perfect Drug has been covered by Die Krupps, Vanna, The Chordials, a music video for the single was directed by Mark Romanek and released on January 18,1997. The theme was inspired by the illustrations of 20th-century artist Edward Gorey, with familiar Gorey elements including oversized urns and glum, the most obvious reference to Gorey is the boy sitting on a cushion in front of a painting. Other references include an unidentified painting resembling Gustav Klimts The Kiss, the video is widely interpreted as showing Trent Reznor portraying a man mourning the death of a child and detaching himself from reality through absinthe. Charlie Clouser, Danny Lohner, and Chris Vrenna also appear in the video, the entire video was filmed with a blue tint, with the exception of the drum breakdown, which uses flashing green light instead. Joanne Gairs work with Nine Inch Nails on The Perfect Drug won her the makeup portion of the award for best hair/makeup in a video at the Music Video Production Awards. The Perfect Drug Versions is the eleventh official Nine Inch Nails release, the European, Australian, and Japanese releases append the original version of the song, while a promotional vinyl set adds an exclusive sixth remix, by Aphrodite. Available as United States, Australia, Japan or EU single
22.
Trent Reznor
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Michael Trent Reznor, known professionally as Trent Reznor, is an American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, and film score composer. As a vocalist and multi-instrumentalist, Reznor is best known as the founder and his first release under this pseudonym, the 1989 album Pretty Hate Machine, was a commercial and critical success. He has since released eight studio albums and he left Interscope Records in 2007 and was an independent recording artist until signing with Columbia Records in 2012. Reznor was associated with the bands Option 30, The Urge, The Innocent, outside of Nine Inch Nails, he has contributed to the albums of artists such as Marilyn Manson and Saul Williams. In 1997, Reznor appeared in Times list of the years most influential people, while Spin magazine has described him as the most vital artist in music, Reznor was born in New Castle, Pennsylvania, the son of Nancy Lou and Michael Reznor. He has English, German, and Irish ancestry and he is a descendant of George Reznor, who founded the Reznor Company, a heating and air conditioning manufacturer, in 1888. Reznor grew up in Mercer, Pennsylvania, after his parents had divorced, he lived with his maternal grandparents, while his sister Tera lived with their mother. Reznor began playing the piano at the age of twelve and showed an aptitude for music. In a 1995 interview, his grandfather, Bill Clark, remarked, Music was his life and his former piano teacher Rita Beglin said that he always reminded me of Harry Connick, Jr. when he played. Reznor has acknowledged that his life in Pennsylvania left him feeling isolated from the outside world. In a 1994 interview with Rolling Stone, he referenced his choices in the industry, However. At Mercer Area Junior/Senior High School, he learned to play the tenor saxophone and he was a member of both the jazz and marching band. Former Mercer High School band director Dr. Hendley Hoge remembered Reznor as very upbeat, Reznor also became involved in theater while in high school. He was voted Best in Drama by classmates for his roles as Judas in Jesus Christ Superstar, Reznor graduated in 1983 and enrolled at Allegheny College, where he studied computer engineering. While he was a student at Mercer Area Junior/Senior High School, Reznor joined local band Option 30, after a year of college, Reznor dropped out and moved to Cleveland, Ohio, to pursue a career in music. His first band in Cleveland was the Urge, a cover band, in 1985, he joined The Innocent as a keyboardist, they released one album, Livin in the Street, but Reznor left the band after three months. In 1986, he joined local band Exotic Birds and appeared with them as a band called The Problems in the 1987 film Light of Day. Reznor also contributed on keyboards to the band Slam Bamboo during this time, Reznor got a job at Clevelands Right Track Studio as an assistant engineer and janitor
23.
Life in the Fast Lane
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Life in the Fast Lane is a song written by Joe Walsh, Glenn Frey and Don Henley and recorded by the American rock band the Eagles on their 1976 studio album Hotel California. It was the single released from this album, and peaked at No.11 on the Billboard Hot 100. It tells the story of a couple that takes their excessive lifestyle to the edge, on In the Studio with Redbeard, Glenn Frey revealed that the title came to him one day when he was riding on the freeway with a drug dealer known as The Count. Frey asked the dealer to slow down and the response was and its life in the fast lane. In that same interview, Frey indicated that the central riff was played by Walsh while the band was warming up in rehearsals and Walsh was told to keep that. Don Henley recalled that the song actually sprang from the guitar riff. One day, at rehearsal, Joe just busted out that crazy riff, weve got to figure out to make a song out of that. Henley and Frey then primarily wrote the lyrics, in 2016, the editors of Rolling Stone rated Life in the Fast Lane as the Eagles 8th greatest song. Eagles guitarist Joe Walsh plays the song on his solo tours, in 2007, Jill Johnson recorded the song on her album Music Row. The track Livin It Up on Limp Bizkits album Chocolate Starfish, Frey, Henley, and Walsh are credited in the lyrics by portion of the liner notes. The songs title was the inspiration for Life on the Fast Lane, rascal Flatts and Carrie Underwood sang the song at the 2007 Grammy Awards. The song was used as the soundtrack for the roller coaster Eagles-Life in the Fast Lane and it was SBNO, but reopened on May 23,2009, as The Iron Horse. The song is featured on the 1978 FM soundtrack, in the film Fast Times at Ridgemont High a band covers the song at the graduation dance. This song is featured as a song for the video game Guitar Hero World Tour. The country music group Williams Riley released their version of the song to radio on August 23,2010. The super group Metal Allegiance released a version of the song with vocals by Alissa White-Gluz, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
24.
Eagles (band)
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The Eagles are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1971 by Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Bernie Leadon, and Randy Meisner. With five number-one singles, six Grammy Awards, five American Music Awards, and six number one albums, the Eagles were one of the most successful musical acts of the 1970s. Hotel California is ranked 37th in Rolling Stones list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time and their Greatest Hits was the best selling album of the 20th century in the U. S. They are the music act and the highest-selling American band in U. S. history. The band released their album, Eagles, in 1972. Their next album, Desperado, was successful than the first, only reaching number 41 on the charts. However, the album does contain what would go on to be two of the bands most popular tracks, Desperado and Tequila Sunrise, the band released On the Border in 1974, adding guitarist Don Felder as the fifth member midway through the recording of the album. The album generated two top 40 singles, Already Gone and their first number one, Best of My Love. Their 1975 album One of These Nights included three top 10 singles, One of These Nights, Lyin Eyes, and Take It to the Limit, guitarist and vocalist, Joe Walsh, also joined the band in 1975. The album yielded two singles, New Kid in Town and Hotel California. The Eagles disbanded in July 1980 but reunited in 1994 for the album Hell Freezes Over and they toured consistently and were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998. In 2007, the Eagles released Long Road Out of Eden, their first full album in 28 years. The next year launched the Long Road Out of Eden Tour in support of the album. In 2013, they began the extended History of the Eagles Tour in conjunction with the bands documentary release, following the death of Frey in January 2016, Henley stated in several interviews that he didnt think the band would perform again. However, in March 2017 it was announced that the Eagles would be headlining two concerts in July 2017, the Eagles began in early 1971, when Linda Ronstadt and then-manager John Boylan recruited local musicians Glenn Frey and Don Henley for her band. While on the tour, Frey and Henley decided to form a band together, Frey later credited Ronstadt with suggesting Leadon for the band, and arranging for Leadon to play for her so Frey and Henley could approach him about forming a band together. They also pitched the idea to Meisner and brought him on board and these four played live together behind Ronstadt only once for a July concert at Disneyland, but all four appeared on her eponymous album. It was later proposed that J. D. Souther should join the band, the four were signed in September 1971 to Asylum Records, the new label started by David Geffen, who was introduced to Frey by Jackson Browne
25.
My Generation
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My Generation is a song by the English rock band The Who, which became a hit and one of their most recognisable songs. The song was named the 11th greatest song by Rolling Stone Magazine on its list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and 13th on VH1s list of the 100 Greatest Songs of Rock & Roll. Its also part of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll and is inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame for historical, artistic, in 2009 it was named the 37th Greatest Hard Rock Song by VH1. The song has been said to have encapsulated the angst of being a teenager, the song was released as a single on 29 October 1965, reaching No.2 in the UK, The Whos highest charting single in their home country and No.74 in America. My Generation also appeared on The Whos 1965 debut album, My Generation, the Who re-recorded the song for the Ready Steady Who. EP in 1966, but it was not included on the EP, the main difference between this version and the original is that instead of the hail of feedback which ends the original, the band play a chaotic rendition of Edward Elgars Land of Hope and Glory. In the albums liner notes the song is credited to both Townshend and Elgar, Townshend has also credited Mose Allisons Young Man Blues as the inspiration for the song, saying Without Mose I wouldnt have written My Generation. Townshend told Rolling Stone magazine in 1985 that My Generation was very much trying to find a place in society. He said that, for him, when he wrote the lyrics, perhaps the most striking element of the song is the lyrics, considered one of the most distilled statements of youthful rebellion in rock history. The tone of the track helped make it an acknowledged forebear of the punk rock movement. One of the most quoted—and patently rewritten—lines in rock history is I hope I die before I get old, like much of The Whos earlier Mod output, the song boasts clear influences of American rhythm and blues, most explicitly in the call and response form of the verses. This call and response is mirrored in the break with solo emphasis passing from Townshends guitar to Entwistles bass. Another salient aspect of My Generation is Daltreys delivery, an angry, various stories exist as to the reason for this distinct delivery. One is that the song began as a talking blues number without the stutter. Another reason is that it was suggested to Daltrey that he stutter to sound like a British mod on speed. It is also proposed, albeit less frequently, that the stutter was introduced to give the group a framework for implying an expletive in the lyrics, however, producer Shel Talmy insisted it was simply one of those happy accidents that he thought they should keep. Roger Daltrey has also commented that he had not rehearsed the song prior to the recording, was nervous, the stutter came about as he tried to fit the lyrics to the music as best he could, and the band decided it worked well enough to keep. The BBC initially refused to play My Generation because it did not want to offend people who stutter, the instrumentation of the song duly reflects the lyrics, fast and aggressive
26.
The Who
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The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964. Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey, guitarist and singer Pete Townshend, bass guitarist John Entwistle, and drummer Keith Moon. They are considered one of the most influential bands of the 20th century, selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows. The Who developed from a group, the Detours, and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements, featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars. Their first single as the Who, I Cant Explain, reached the UK top ten, followed by a string of singles including My Generation, Substitute and Happy Jack. In 1967, they performed at the Monterey Pop Festival and released the US top ten single I Can See for Miles, the groups fourth album, 1969s rock opera Tommy, included the single Pinball Wizard and was a critical and commercial success. Live appearances at Woodstock and the Isle of Wight Festival, along with the live album Live at Leeds, with their success came increased pressure on lead songwriter and visionary Townshend, and the follow-up to Tommy, Lifehouse, was abandoned. Songs from the project made up 1971s Whos Next, which included the hit Wont Get Fooled Again, the group released the album Quadrophenia in 1973 as a celebration of their mod roots, and oversaw the film adaptation of Tommy in 1975. They continued to tour to large audiences before semi-retiring from live performances at the end of 1976, the release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after. Kenney Jones replaced Moon and the group resumed activity, releasing a film adaptation of Quadrophenia, after Townshend became weary of touring, the group split in 1982. The Who occasionally re-formed for live appearances such as Live Aid in 1985, a 25th anniversary tour in 1989 and they resumed regular touring in 1999, with drummer Zak Starkey. After Entwistles death in 2002, plans for a new album were delayed, Townshend and Daltrey continued as the Who, releasing Endless Wire in 2006, and continued to play live regularly. They are cited as an influence by rock, punk rock and mod bands. The founding members of the Who, Roger Daltrey, Pete Townshend and John Entwistle, grew up in Acton, London and went to Acton County Grammar School. Townshend and Entwistle became friends in their year of Acton County. Both were interested in rock, and Townshend particularly admired Cliff Richards début single, Entwistle moved to guitar, but struggled with it due to his large fingers, and moved to bass on hearing the guitar work of Duane Eddy. He was unable to afford a bass and built one at home, after Acton County, Townshend attended Ealing Art College, a move he later described as profoundly influential on the course of the Who. Daltrey, who was in the year above, had moved to Acton from Shepherds Bush and he had trouble fitting in at the school, and discovered gangs and rock and roll
27.
Welcome to the Jungle
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Welcome to the Jungle is a song by American rock band Guns N Roses, featured on their debut album, Appetite for Destruction. On the 1987 release, the Maxi Single format was backed with a version of AC/DCs Whole Lotta Rosie. In 2009 Welcome to the Jungle was named the greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1, Axl Rose wrote the lyrics while visiting a friend in Seattle. Its a big city, but at the time, its still a small city compared to L. A. It seemed a lot more rural up there, I just wrote how it looked to me. If someone comes to town and they want to find something, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin summarises the song as about Hollywood streets, true to life. Slash describes the development of the music of Welcome to the Jungle in his self-titled autobiography, as the band was trying to write new material, Axl remembered a riff Slash had played while he was living in the basement of Slashs mothers house. He played it and the band laid down the foundations for the song. He credits Duff McKagan as coming up with the breakdown, Duff contradicts this in his autobiography, Its So Easy, saying it was from a song called The Fake that he wrote in 1978 for the Vains, a punk band he was in. He also said it was the first song he wrote. According to Slash, the song was written in three hours. Rose claimed inspiration for the lyrics came from an encounter he, trying to put a scare into the young runaways, the man yelled at them, You know where you are. Youre in the baby, youre gonna die. In 2009 it was named the greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1, in 2009 the readers of Rolling Stone Magazine rated it the greatest sports anthem. Geffen Records was having a hard time selling the video to MTV, david Geffen made a deal with the network, and the video was aired only one time around 5, 00AM on a Sunday morning. As soon as the video was aired, the networks received numerous calls from people wanting to see the video again, in spite of the early morning airtime, the songs music video caught viewers attention and quickly became MTVs most requested video. The video in question begins with a shot of Axl Rose disembarking a bus in Los Angeles, by the end of the video Rose has transformed into a city punk, wearing the appropriate clothing, after going through a process similar to the Ludovico technique. Welcome to the Jungle is often used as the opener at Guns N Roses concerts, being played at almost every show on the Appetite for Destruction Tour and Use Your Illusion Tour
28.
Guns N' Roses
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Guns N Roses is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles formed in 1985. The lineup, when first signed to Geffen Records in 1986, consisted of vocalist Axl Rose, lead guitarist Slash, rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin, bassist Duff McKagan, and drummer Steven Adler. The current lineup consists of Rose, Slash, McKagan, keyboardists Dizzy Reed and Melissa Reese, guitarist Richard Fortus, the success of the debut was followed by the eight-song album G N R Lies which reached number two on the Billboard 200. The cover album The Spaghetti Incident. was the bands last studio album to feature Slash and it debuted at number three on the Billboard 200 but undersold industry expectations, despite mostly positive critical reception. Former members Slash and McKagan both rejoined the band in 2016, embarking on the Not in This Lifetime, Guns N Roses has been credited with reviving the mainstream popularity of rock n roll, at a time when popular music was dominated by dance music and glam metal. The bands classic lineup, along with later members Reed and drummer Matt Sorum, was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012, in 1984, Hollywood Rose member Izzy Stradlin was living with L. A. Guns needed a new vocalist, Stradlin suggested Hollywood Rose singer Axl Rose, Guns N Roses was formed in March 1985 by Rose and rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with lead guitarist Tracii Guns, bassist Ole Beich, and drummer Rob Gardner of L. A. Guns. The band coined its name by combining the names of both previous groups, rejected names for the band included Heads of Amazon and AIDS. After a short time, during which the band played two or three shows, Beich was fired and replaced by Duff McKagan. Tracii Guns left the band after an argument with Rose leading to his replacement by Rose and Stradlins one-time Hollywood Rose bandmate, Gardner quit soon after and was replaced by another former Hollywood Rose member, Steven Adler. Slash had also played with McKagan and Adler in Road Crew. In June 1985, four days after the lineup was finalized, through the bands increasing presence on the Hollywood club scene – playing famed bars such as The Troubadour and The Roxy – Guns N Roses drew the attention of major record labels. The group was signed by Geffen Records in March 1986, receiving a $75,000 advance. In December of that year, the released the four-song EP Live. *@ Like a Suicide. The EP contained covers of Rose Tattoos Nice Boys and Aerosmiths Mama Kin, although billed as a live recording, the four songs were taken from the bands demo tapes and overdubbed with crowd noise. Live. *@ Like a Suicide was released on the Geffen subsidiary Uzi Suicide, Guns N Roses debut album Appetite for Destruction was released July 21,1987. The band stated the artwork was a symbolic social statement. The revised cover was done by Andy Engell, based on a design by tattoo artist Bill White Jr. who had designed the artwork for a tattoo Rose had acquired the previous year, the artwork featured each of the five band members skulls layered on a cross
29.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
30.
Robert Christgau
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Robert Thomas Christgau is an American essayist, music journalist, and self-proclaimed Dean of American Rock Critics. One of the earliest professional rock critics, he spent 37 years as the music critic and senior editor for The Village Voice. He has also covered popular music for Esquire, Creem, Newsday, Playboy, Rolling Stone, Billboard, NPR, Blender, and MSN Music, and is a visiting arts teacher at New York University. Christgau is known for his terse capsule reviews, first published in his Consumer Guide columns during his tenure at The Village Voice from 1969 to 2006 and he has written three books based on those columns, along with two collections of essays. He continued writing capsule reviews in MSN Music, Cuepoint, Christgau was born in Greenwich Village and grew up in Queens, the son of a fireman. He has said he became a rock and roll fan when disc jockey Alan Freed moved to the city in 1954. After attending a school in New York City, he left New York for four years to attend Dartmouth College. While at college his musical interests turned to jazz, but he returned to rock after moving back to New York. Christgau has said that Miles Davis 1960 album Sketches of Spain initiated in him one phase of the disillusionment with jazz that resulted in my return to rock and he was deeply influenced by New Journalism writers such as Gay Talese and Tom Wolfe. My ambitions when I went into journalism were always, to an extent, literary, Christgau initially wrote short stories, before giving up fiction in 1964 to become a sportswriter, and later, a police reporter for the Newark Star-Ledger. He became a writer after a story he wrote about the death of a woman in New Jersey was published by New York magazine. He was asked to take over the dormant music column at Esquire, after Esquire discontinued the column, Christgau moved to The Village Voice in 1969, and he also worked as a college professor. In early 1972, he accepted a job as music critic for Newsday. Christgau returned to the Village Voice in 1974 as music editor and he remained there until August 2006, when he was fired shortly after the papers acquisition by New Times Media. Two months later, Christgau became an editor at Rolling Stone. Late in 2007, Christgau was fired by Rolling Stone, although he continued to work for the magazine for three months. Starting with the March 2008 issue, he joined Blender, where he was listed as senior critic for three issues and then contributing editor, Christgau had been a regular contributor to Blender before he joined Rolling Stone. He continued to write for Blender until the magazine ceased publication in March 2009, in 1987, he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in the field of Folklore and Popular Culture to study the history of popular music
31.
Entertainment Weekly
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Entertainment Weekly is an American magazine, published by Time Inc. that covers film, television, music, Broadway theatre, books and popular culture. Different from celebrity-focused publications like Us Weekly, People, and In Touch Weekly, EW primarily concentrates on entertainment media news, however, unlike Variety and The Hollywood Reporter, which are aimed at industry insiders, EW targets a more general audience. The first issue was published on February 16,1990, the cover price was $1.95 The title word entertainment was not capitalized on the cover until mid-1992 and has remained so since. By 2003, the weekly circulation averaged 1.7 million copies per week. In March 2006, managing editor Rick Tetzeli oversaw an overhaul of EWs graphics, Entertainment Weekly follows a typical magazine format by featuring a letters to the editor and table of contents in the first few pages, while also featuring advertisements. While many advertisements are unrelated to the entertainment industry, the majority of ads are typically related to up-and-coming television and these beginning articles open the magazine and as a rule focus on current events in pop culture. First Look, subtitled An early peek at some of Hollywoods coolest projects, is a spread with behind-the-scenes or publicity stills of upcoming movies. The Hit List, written each week by critic Scott Brown, highlights ten major events, Typically, there will be some continuity to the commentaries. This column was written by Jim Mullen and featured twenty events each week. The Hollywood Insider is a section that reports breaking news in entertainment. It gives details, in the columns, on the most-current news in television, movie. The Style Report is a section devoted to celebrity style. Because its focus is on celebrity fashion or lifestyle, it is rich in nature. Recently, the converted to a new format, five pictures of celebrity fashions for the week. A spin-off section, Style Hunter, which finds reader-requested articles of clothing or accessories that have appeared in pop culture recently, appears frequently. The Monitor is a two-page spread devoted to events in celebrity lives with small paragraphs highlighting events such as weddings, illnesses, arrests, court appearances. Deaths of major celebrities are typically detailed in a one-half- or full-page obituary titled Legacy and this feature is nearly identical to sister publication Peoples Passages feature. Harris column focuses on analyzing current popular-culture events, and is generally the most serious of the columns, harris has written about the writers strike and the 2008 presidential election, among other topics
32.
Melody Maker
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Melody Maker was a British weekly pop/rock/disco music newspaper, one of the worlds earliest music weeklies. It was founded in 1926, largely as a magazine for dance band musicians, by Leicester-born composer, publisher Lawrence Wright, in 2000 it was merged into long-standing rival New Musical Express. Originally the Melody Maker concentrated on jazz, and had Max Jones, one of the leading British proselytizers for that music and it was slow to cover rock and roll and lost ground to the New Musical Express, which had begun in 1952. MM began its Melody Maker LP charts in November 1958, two years after the Record Mirror published the first UK Albums Chart, MM had larger and more specialised advertising, soon-to-be well-known groups would advertise for musicians. It ran pages devoted to minority interests like folk and jazz, a 1968 Melody Maker poll named John Peel best radio DJ, attention which John Walters revealed may have helped Peel keep his job despite concerns at BBC Radio 1 about Peels style and record selection. Melody Maker supported glam rock and progressive rock in the 1970s, Coleman had been insistent that the paper should look like The Daily Telegraph, but Williams wanted the paper to look more contemporary. He commissioned a design, but this was rejected by Coleman. During this period Melody Maker was described as the journal. In January 1972, in a moment for rock journalism. It was during this interview that Bowie claimed, Im gay, OH YOU PRETTY THING ran the headline, and swiftly became part of pop mythology. Bowie later attributed his success to this interview, stating that, Yeah and it was that piece by Mick Watts. During his tenure at the paper, Watts also toured with and interviewed artists including Syd Barrett, Waylon Jennings, Pink Floyd, Bob Dylan, in 1980, after a strike which had taken the paper out of publication for a period, Williams left MM. Several journalists, such as Chris Bohn and Vivien Goldman, moved to NME, Coleman left in 1981, the papers design was updated, but sales and prestige were at a low ebb through the early 1980s, with NME dominant. While MM continued to devote most space to rock and indie music, it covered techno, rap and post rock, two of the papers writers, Push and Ben Turner, went on to launch IPC Medias monthly dance music magazine Muzik. The paper printed harsh criticism of Ocean Colour Scene and Kula Shaker, in 1992, they gave a French rock band called Darlin a negative review calling them a daft punky thrash. Darlin eventually became the music duo Daft Punk. The magazine retained its large classified ads section, and remained the first call for musicians wanting to form a band, Suede formed through ads placed in the paper. In early 1997, Allan Jones left to edit Uncut and he was replaced by Mark Sutherland, formerly of NME and Smash Hits, who thus fulfilled boyhood dream and stayed on to edit the magazine for three years
33.
NME
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New Musical Express is a British music journalism magazine published since 1952. It was the first British paper to include a singles chart, in the 1970s it became the best-selling British music newspaper. It started as a newspaper, and gradually moved toward a magazine format during the 1980s and 1990s. An online version of NME, NME. com, was launched in 1996 and it became the worlds biggest standalone music site, with over seven million users per month. With newsstand sales falling across the UK magazine sector, the paid circulation in the first half of 2014 was 15,830. In 2013, the list of NMEs The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, NME magazine was relaunched in September 2015 as a nationally distributed free publication. NMEs headquarters are in Southwark, London, England, the brands editor-in-chief is Mike Williams, who replaced Krissi Murison in 2012. The paper was established in 1952, the Accordion Times and Musical Express was bought by London music promoter Maurice Kinn, for the sum of £1,000, just 15 minutes before it was due to be officially closed. It was relaunched as the New Musical Express, and was published in a non-glossy tabloid format on standard newsprint. On 14 November 1952, taking its cue from the US magazine Billboard, it created the first UK Singles Chart, the first of these was, in contrast to more recent charts, a top twelve sourced by the magazine itself from sales in regional stores around the UK. The first number one was Here in My Heart by Al Martino, during the 1960s the paper championed the new British groups emerging at the time. The NME circulation peaked under Andy Gray, Editor 1957–1972, with a figure of 306,881 for the period from January to June 1964, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were frequently featured on the front cover. These and other artists appeared at the NME Poll Winners Concert. The concert also featured a ceremony where the winners would collect their awards. The NME Poll Winners Concerts took place between 1959 and 1972, from 1964 onwards they were filmed, edited and transmitted on British television a few weeks after they had taken place. The latter part of the 1960s saw the chart the rise of psychedelia. During this period some sections of pop music began to be designated as rock, in early 1972 the paper found itself on the verge of closure by its owner IPC. Alan Smith was made editor and in 1972 was told by IPC to turn things around quickly or face closure, according to The Economist, the New Musical Express started to champion underground, up-and-coming music. NME became the gateway to a more rebellious world
34.
Q (magazine)
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Q is a popular music magazine published monthly in the United Kingdom. Q was first published by the EMAP media group in October 1986, setting apart from much of the other music press with monthly production and higher standards of photography. In the early years, the magazine was sub-titled The modern guide to music, originally it was to be called Cue, but the name was changed so that it wouldnt be mistaken for a snooker magazine. Another reason, cited in Qs 200th edition, is that a title would be more prominent on newsstands. In January 2008 EMAP sold its consumer titles, including Q. The magazine has a review section, featuring, new releases, reissues, music compilations, film and live concert reviews, as well as radio. It uses a system from one to five stars, indeed. While its content is non-free they host an archive of all of their magazine covers, much of the magazine is devoted to interviews with popular musical artists. It is well known for compiling lists and it has created many, ranging from The 100 Greatest albums to the 100 Greatest 100 Greatest Lists. Every other month, Q — and its magazine, Mojo — have a special edition. These have been about musical times, genres, or a very important/influential musician, often, promotional gifts are given away, such as cover-mounted CDs or books. The January 2006 issue included a copy of The Greatest Rock. Every issue of Q has a different message on the spine, readers then try to work out what the message has to do with the contents of the mag. This practice — known as the spine line — has since become commonplace among British lifestyle magazines, including Qs sister publication, Empire, on 4 March 2007, Q named Elvis Presley the greatest singer of all time. The magazine has a relationship with the Glastonbury Festival, producing both a free daily newspaper on site during the festival and a review magazine available at the end of the festival. In late 2008 Q revamped its image, with an amount of text. This Rolling Stone-isation has led to criticism from much of the traditional Q readership, in 2006, Q published a readers survey, the 100 Greatest Songs Ever, won by Oasis Live Forever. Q has a history of associating with charitable organisations, and in 2006 the British anti-poverty charity War on Want was named its official charity, in the April 2007 issue, Q published an article containing the 100 Greatest Singers, won by Elvis Presley
35.
Rolling Stone
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Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the publisher. It was first known for its coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content, Rolling Stone magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason. To get it off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his own family and from the parents of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. The first issue carried a date of November 9,1967. Some authors have attributed the name solely to Dylans hit single, At Gleasons suggestion, Rolling Stone initially identified with and reported the hippie counterculture of the era. In the very first edition, Wenner wrote that Rolling Stone is not just about the music, in the 1970s, Rolling Stone began to make a mark with its political coverage, with the likes of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson writing for the magazines political section. Thompson first published his most famous work Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas within the pages of Rolling Stone, where he remained a contributing editor until his death in 2005. In the 1970s, the magazine also helped launch the careers of prominent authors, including Cameron Crowe, Lester Bangs, Joe Klein, Joe Eszterhas, Patti Smith. It was at point that the magazine ran some of its most famous stories. One interviewer, speaking for a number of his peers, said that he bought his first copy of the magazine upon initial arrival on his college campus. In 1977, the magazine moved its headquarters from San Francisco to New York City, editor Jann Wenner said San Francisco had become a cultural backwater. During the 1980s, the magazine began to shift towards being an entertainment magazine. Music was still a dominant topic, but there was increasing coverage of celebrities in television, films, the magazine also initiated its annual Hot Issue during this time. Rolling Stone was initially known for its coverage and for Thompsons political reporting. In the 1990s, the changed its format to appeal to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors
36.
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
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The Rolling Stone Album Guide, previously known as The Rolling Stone Record Guide, is a book that contains professional music reviews written and edited by staff members from Rolling Stone magazine. Its first edition was published in 1979 and its last in 2004, the guide can be seen at Rate Your Music, while a list of albums given a five star rating by the guide can be seen at Rocklist. net. The Rolling Stone Record Guide was the first edition of what would later become The Rolling Stone Album Guide and it was edited by Dave Marsh and John Swenson, and included contributions from 34 other music critics. It is divided into sections by musical genre and then lists artists alphabetically within their respective genres, Albums are also listed alphabetically by artist although some of the artists have their careers divided into chronological periods. Dave Marsh, in his Introduction, cites as precedents Leonard Maltins book TV Movies and he gives Phonolog and Schwanns Records & Tape Guide as raw sources of information. The first edition included black and white photographs of many of the covers of albums which received five star reviews and these titles are listed together in the Five-Star Records section, which is coincidentally five pages in length. The edition also included reviews for many artists including Lenny Bruce, Lord Buckley, Bill Cosby, The Firesign Theatre, Spike Jones. Comedy artists were listed in the catch-all section Rock, Soul, Country and Pop, which included the genres of folk, bluegrass, funk, traditional pop performers were not included, with the notable exceptions of Frank Sinatra and Nat King Cole. Included too were some artists who might now be considered as world music. Big band jazz was handled selectively, with certain band leaders omitted, many other styles of jazz did appear in the Jazz section. The book was notable for the time in the provocative, in your style of many of its reviews. For example, writing about Neil Youngs song, Down by the River and his colleague, Dave Marsh, in reviewing the three albums of the jazz fusion group Chase, gave a one-word review, Flee. Good, a record of average worth, but one that might possess considerable appeal for fans of a particular style, mediocre, a record that is artistically insubstantial, though not truly wretched. Poor, a record where even technical competence is at question or it was remarkably ill-conceived, worthless, a record that need never have been created. Reserved for the most bathetic bathwater, Dave Marsh John Swenson Billy Altman Bob Blumenthal Georgia Christgau Jean-Charles Costa Chet Flippo Russell Gersten Mikal Gilmore Alan E. Like the first edition, it was edited by Dave Marsh and it included contributions from 52 music critics and featured chronological album listings under the name of each artist. In many cases, updates from the first edition consist of short, the only difference is that in addition to a rating, the second edition employs the pilcrow mark to indicate a title that was out of print at the time the guide was published. Many records had their ratings lowered as the book now offered a revisionist slant to rocks history and it included contributions from 16 music critics and featured alphabetical album listings under the name of each artist
37.
Spin (magazine)
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Spin is an American music magazine founded in 1985 by publisher Bob Guccione, Jr. The magazine stopped running in print in 2012 and currently runs as a webzine, in its early years, the magazine was known for its broad music coverage with an emphasis on college rock, grunge, indie rock, and the ongoing emergence of hip-hop. The magazine was eclectic and bold, if sometimes haphazard and it pointedly provided a national alternative to Rolling Stones more establishment-oriented style. Spin prominently placed newer artists such as R. E. M, Spins extensive coverage of hip-hop music and culture, especially that of contributing editor John Leland, was notable at the time. Editorial contributions by musical and cultural figures included Lydia Lunch, Henry Rollins, David Lee Roth, the magazine also reported on cities such as Austin, Texas, or Glasgow, Scotland, as cultural incubators in the independent music scene. A1990 article on the country blues scene brought R. L. Burnside to national attention for the first time. During this time, it was published by Camouflage Associates, in 1997, Guccione sold Spin to Miller Publishing. In February 2006, Miller Publishing sold the magazine to a San Francisco-based company called the McEvoy Group LLC and that company formed Spin Media LLC as a holding company. The new owners replaced editor-in-chief Sia Michel with Andy Pemberton, an editor at Blender. The first issue to be published under his command was the July 2006 issue—sent to the printer in May 2006—which featured Beyoncé on the cover. Pemberton and Spin parted ways the next month, in June 2006, the following editor, Doug Brod, was executive editor during Michels tenure. For Spins 20th anniversary, it published a book chronicling the prior two decades in music. The book has essays on grunge, Britpop, and emo, among other genres of music, as well as pieces on musical acts including Marilyn Manson, Tupac Shakur, nirvana, Weezer, Nine Inch Nails, Limp Bizkit, and the Smashing Pumpkins. In July 2012, Spin was sold to Buzzmedia, which renamed itself SpinMedia. The September/October 2012 issue of Spin was the magazines last print edition, in December 2016, Eldridge Industries acquired SpinMedia via the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group for an undisclosed amount. In 1995, Spin produced its first book, entitled Spin Alternative Record Guide, although the book was not a sales success, it inspired a disproportionate number of young readers to pursue music criticism. Notable contributors to Spin have included, SPIN began compiling year-end lists in 1990, note, The 2000 album of the year was awarded to your hard drive, acknowledging the impact that filesharing had on the music listening experience in 2000. Kid A was listed as number 2, the highest ranking given to an actual album,1994 roadside attack on Spin magazine journalists Anon
38.
Metacritic
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Metacritic is a website that aggregates reviews of media products, music albums, games, movies, TV shows, DVDs, and formerly, books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged, Metacritic was created by Jason Dietz, Marc Doyle, and Julie Doyle Roberts. The site provides an excerpt from each review and hyperlinks to its source, a color of Green, Yellow or Red summarizes the critics recommendations and therefore the general appeal of the product to reviewers and, to a lesser extent, the public. It is regarded as the game industrys foremost review aggregator. Metacritics scoring converts each review into a percentage, either mathematically from the mark given, before being averaged, the scores are weighted according to the critics fame, stature, and volume of reviews. Metacritic was launched in July 1999 by Marc Doyle, his sister Julie Doyle Roberts, rotten Tomatoes was already compiling movie reviews, but Doyle, Roberts, and Dietz saw an opportunity to cover a broader range of media. They sold Metacritic to CNET in 2005, CNET and Metacritic are now owned by the CBS Corporation. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal wrote in September 2004, Mr. Doyle,36, is now a product manager at CNET. Speaking of video games, Doyle said, A site like ours helps people cut through. unobjective promotional language and he added that the review process was not taken as seriously when unconnected magazines and websites provided reviews in isolation. In August 2010, the appearance was revamped, reaction from users was overwhelmingly negative. Certain publications are given more significance because of their stature, games Editor Marc Doyle was interviewed by Keith Stuart of The Guardian to get a look behind the metascoring process. Stuart wrote, the phenomenon, namely Metacritic and GameRankings, have become an enormously important element of online games journalism over the past few years. The ranging of metascores is, Metacritic is regarded as the foremost online review site for the video game industry. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal has written that Metacritic influence the sales of games and he explains its influence as coming from the higher cost of buying video games than music or movie tickets. Many executives say that low scores can hurt the sales potential. He claimed that a number of businesses and financial analysts use Metacritic as an early indicator of a games potential sales and, by extension. In 2004, Jason Hall of Warner Bros. began including quality metrics in contracts with partners licensing its movies for games, if a product does not at least achieve a specific score, some deals require the publisher to pay higher royalties. In 2008, Microsoft began using Metacritic averages to de-list underperforming Xbox Live Arcade games and these are the top 10 individual games with the highest scores on the site as of 2 April 2017
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