1.
Melbourne
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Melbourne is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in Australia and Oceania. The name Melbourne refers to an urban agglomeration spanning 9,900 km2, the metropolis is located on the large natural bay of Port Phillip and expands into the hinterlands towards the Dandenong and Macedon mountain ranges, Mornington Peninsula and Yarra Valley. It has a population of 4,641,636 as of 2016, and its inhabitants are called Melburnians. Founded by free settlers from the British Crown colony of Van Diemens Land on 30 August 1835, in what was then the colony of New South Wales, it was incorporated as a Crown settlement in 1837. It was named Melbourne by the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke, in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne. It was officially declared a city by Queen Victoria, to whom Lord Melbourne was close, in 1847, during the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s, it was transformed into one of the worlds largest and wealthiest cities. After the federation of Australia in 1901, it served as the interim seat of government until 1927. It is a financial centre in the Asia-Pacific region. It is recognised as a UNESCO City of Literature and a centre for street art, music. It was the host city of the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 2006 Commonwealth Games, the main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport, the second busiest in Australia. The Port of Melbourne is Australias busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo, Melbourne has an extensive transport network. The main metropolitan train terminus is Flinders Street Station, and the regional train. Melbourne is also home to Australias most extensive network and has the worlds largest urban tram network. Before the arrival of settlers, humans had occupied the area for an estimated 31,000 to 40,000 years. At the time of European settlement, it was inhabited by under 2000 hunter-gatherers from three indigenous tribes, the Wurundjeri, Boonwurrung and Wathaurong. The area was an important meeting place for the clans of the Kulin nation alliance and it would be 30 years before another settlement was attempted. Batman selected a site on the bank of the Yarra River. Batman then returned to Launceston in Tasmania, in early August 1835 a different group of settlers, including John Pascoe Fawkner, left Launceston on the ship Enterprize
2.
Victoria (Australia)
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Victoria is a state in southeast Australia. Victoria is Australias most densely populated state and its second-most populous state overall, most of its population is concentrated in the area surrounding Port Phillip Bay, which includes the metropolitan area of its state capital and largest city, Melbourne, Australias second-largest city. Prior to British European settlement, the area now constituting Victoria was inhabited by a number of Aboriginal peoples. With Great Britain having claimed the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian east in 1788, Victoria was included in the wider colony of New South Wales. The first settlement in the area occurred in 1803 at Sullivan Bay, and much of what is now Victoria was included in the Port Phillip District in 1836, Victoria was officially created as a separate colony in 1851, and achieved self-government in 1855. Politically, Victoria has 37 seats in the Australian House of Representatives and 12 seats in the Australian Senate, at state level, the Parliament of Victoria consists of the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. Victoria is currently governed by the Labor Party, with Daniel Andrews the current Premier, the personal representative of the Queen of Australia in the state is the Governor of Victoria, currently Linda Dessau. Local government is concentrated in 79 municipal districts, including 33 cities, although a number of unincorporated areas still exist, Victorias total gross state product is ranked second in Australia, although Victoria is ranked fourth in terms of GSP per capita because of its limited mining activity. Culturally, Melbourne is home to a number of museums, art galleries and theatres and is described as the sporting capital of Australia. The Melbourne Cricket Ground is the largest stadium in Australia, and the host of the 1956 Summer Olympics, Victoria has eight public universities, with the oldest, the University of Melbourne, having been founded in 1853. Victoria, like Queensland, was named after Queen Victoria, who had been on the British throne for 14 years when the colony was established in 1851. The first British settlement in the later known as Victoria was established in October 1803 under Lieutenant-Governor David Collins at Sullivan Bay on Port Phillip. In the year 1826 Colonel Stewart, Captain S. Wright, fly and the brigs Dragon and Amity, took a number of convicts and a small force composed of detachments of the 3rd and 93rd regiments. Victorias next settlement was at Portland, on the south west coast of what is now Victoria, edward Henty settled Portland Bay in 1834. Melbourne was founded in 1835 by John Batman, who set up a base in Indented Head, from settlement the region around Melbourne was known as the Port Phillip District, a separately administered part of New South Wales. Shortly after the now known as Geelong was surveyed by Assistant Surveyor W. H. Smythe. And in 1838 Geelong was officially declared a town, despite earlier white settlements dating back to 1826, days later, still in 1851 gold was discovered near Ballarat, and subsequently at Bendigo. Later discoveries occurred at sites across Victoria
3.
Byron Bay, New South Wales
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Byron Bay is a beachside town located in the far-northeastern corner of the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is located 772 kilometres north of Sydney and 165 kilometres south of Brisbane, Cape Byron, a headland adjacent to the town, is the easternmost point of mainland Australia. At the 2011 census, the town had a permanent population of 4,959, the town is in turn the nucleus of Byron Shire, which had 29,209 residents. The local Arakwal Aboriginal peoples name for the area is Cavvanbah, Lieutenant James Cook named Cape Byron after Naval officer John Byron, circumnavigator of the world and grandfather of the poet Lord Byron. The history of Europeans in Byron Bay began in 1770, when Lieutenant James Cook found a safe anchorage, the first industry in Byron was cedar logging from the Australian red cedar. Gold mining of the beaches was the industry to occur. Up to 20 mining leases set up on Tallow Beach to extract gold from the sands around the 1870s. Byron Bay has a history of industrial production and was a significant. The poet Brunton Stephens spoke of cattle grazing on the plains of Cape Byron in a poem he penned in 1876. The first jetty was built in 1886, and the railway was connected in 1894, dairy farmers cleared more land and settled the area. In 1895, the Norco Co-operative was formed to provide storage and manage the dairy industry. The introduction of improved production, and Byron Bay exported butter to the world. The Norco factory was the biggest in the hemisphere, expanding from dairy to bacon. The lighthouse was built in 1901 at the most easterly point on the Australian mainland, in 1930, the first meatworks opened. The smell from the meat and dairy works was, by all accounts, appalling, sand mining between the World Wars damaged the environment further, and one by one, all these industries declined. Longboard surfers arrived in the 1960s and used natural breaks at The Pass, Wategos, and Cosy Corner. This was the beginning of Byron Bay as a tourist destination, and by 1973, shipwrecks litter the bay and surrounding areas. Byron Bay is part of the caldera of an ancient shield volcano, the Tweed Volcano
4.
New South Wales
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New South Wales is a state on the east coast of Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria to the south and it has a coast line with the Tasman Sea on its east side. The Australian Capital Territory is an enclave within the state, New South Wales state capital is Sydney, which is also Australias most populous city. In March 2014, the population of New South Wales was 7.5 million. Just under two-thirds of the population,4.67 million. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen, the Colony of New South Wales was founded as a penal colony in 1788. It originally comprised a more than half of the Australian mainland with its western boundary set at 129th meridian east in 1825, in addition, the colony also included the island territories of New Zealand, Van Diemens Land, Lord Howe Island, and Norfolk Island. During the 19th century, most of the area was detached to form separate British colonies that eventually became New Zealand. However, the Swan River Colony has never administered as part of New South Wales. Lord Howe Island remains part of New South Wales, while Norfolk Island has become a federal Territory, as have the now known as the Australian Capital Territory. The prior inhabitants of New South Wales were the Aboriginal tribes who arrived in Australia about 40,000 to 60,000 years ago, before European settlement there were an estimated 250,000 Aboriginal people in the region. The Wodi Wodi people are the custodians of the Illawarra region of South Sydney. The Bundjalung people are the custodians of parts of the northern coastal areas. The European discovery of New South Wales was made by Captain James Cook during his 1770 survey along the eastern coast of the Dutch-named continent of New Holland. In his original journal covering the survey, in triplicate to satisfy Admiralty Orders, Cook first named the land New Wales, however, in the copy held by the Admiralty, he revised the wording to New South Wales. After years of chaos and anarchy after the overthrow of Governor William Bligh, macquaries legacy is still evident today. During the 19th century, large areas were separated to form the British colonies of Tasmania, South Australia, Victoria. Responsible government was granted to the New South Wales colony in 1855, following the Treaty of Waitangi, William Hobson declared British sovereignty over New Zealand in 1840
5.
Phillip Island
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Phillip Island is an Australian island about 140 km south-southeast of Melbourne, Victoria. Named after Arthur Phillip, the first Governor of New South Wales and it is 26 km long and 9 km wide, with an area of about 100 km2. It has 97 km of coastline and is part of the Bass Coast Shire, a 640 m concrete bridge connects the mainland town San Remo with the island town Newhaven. In the 2011 census the permanent population was 9,406. During the summer, the swells to 40,000. 60% of the island is devoted to grazing of sheep. The earliest inhabitants of the area were the Yalloc Bulluk clan of the Bunurong people, in the Bunwurrung language the Island was known as Corriong or Millowl. In 1801, navigator James Grant visited the adjoining Churchill Island and planted a crop of corn and wheat. In 1826, the voyage of Dumont dUrville, in command of the corvette Astrolabe. This saw the dispatch from Sydney of H. M. S, fly, under the command of Captain Wetherall, and the brigs Dragon and Amity, by Governor Darling. While the French colonisation did not eventuate, Wetherall reported on finding a sealers camp, a fort was constructed near Rhyll, and named Dumaresq after the Governors private secretary. The abundance of wood, quality soil and the discovery of coal at Cape Woolamai, were mentioned in newspaper accounts, Wetherall also erected a flag staff on the flat-topd rock off Point Grant on the Islands Western extremity as a marker for the harbour entrance. As I am aware it is Your Excellencys wish to conciliate them as much as possible, I have not allowed them to be pursued, or molested in any way. During the third voyage of HMS Beagle, in 1839, water was found by digging in the centre of a clump of bushes on the part of the point at the N. E. The water question was addressed, by Captain Moore, who accompanied Surveyor Robert Hoddle in 1840. In 1835 Samuel Anderson established the permanent settlement in what would be Victoria at the mainland site of Bass across the bay from Phillip Island. In 1841, brothers John David and William McHaffie, were granted Phillip Island as a squatting run, the McHaffies, and later settlers, assisted the Victorian Acclimatisation society by introducing animals such as pheasants, deer and wallabies to Phillip Island. Plans for the first bridge to the Island, from San Remo to Newhaven commenced in 1938, at a cost of £50,000, a full public holiday was declared on the Island to celebrate
6.
Elsa Pataky
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Elsa Lafuente Medianu, known professionally as Elsa Pataky, is a Spanish model, actress, and film producer. Pataky is best known for her role as Elena Neves in The Fast and she has appeared in the films Snakes on a Plane, Giallo and Give Em Hell, Malone. She also starred in the Spanish film Di Di Hollywood in 2010, born Elsa Lafuente Medianu in Madrid, Spain, the daughter of José Francisco Lafuente, a Spanish biochemist, and Cristina Medianu Pataky, a publicist of Romanian and Hungarian ancestry. Pataky attended the CEU San Pablo University, studying journalism and taking acting classes, Pataky was a member of the Madrid theatre company Teatro Cámara de Ángel Gutiérrez. Eventually, she left school when she was cast in the television series Al salir de clase, some of her subsequent films were co-productions with the UK and France, which introduced her to working in English and French. She also had a role in the television series Los Serrano, playing teacher Raquel. Pataky has appeared in over 10 Spanish films and co-starred in the French film Iznogoud and she was also on the cover of August 2006 issue of Maxim. She was cast in 2009 in the Mexican series Mujeres Asesinas as Paula Moncada in the episode Ana y Paula and she also starred in the action noir film Give Em Hell, Malone and Dario Argentos Giallo. Pataky became the face for the first collection of Time Forces jewelry line Ultimate Jewel. She played Officer Elena Neves in the movie Fast Five, with Dwayne Johnson as her partner, MTV Networks NextMovie. com named her one of the Breakout Stars to Watch for in 2011. Pataky was a stand in for Natalie Portman in the post end credit scene in Thor, in 2013 and 2015, she reprised her role as Elena Neves in Fast & Furious 6 and Furious 7, the sixth and seventh installment of The Fast and the Furious film series. Pataky began dating American actor Adrien Brody in 2006, for Patakys 31st birthday in July 2007, Brody purchased her a 19th-century estate in New York. Pataky and Brody were featured at their New York home in a 35-page spread for HELLO. magazine in October 2008, the pair broke up in 2009. She then began dating Australian actor Chris Hemsworth in early 2010, Pataky and Hemsworth married over the Christmas holidays in 2010. They have three children, daughter India Rose and twin sons, Tristan and Sasha, in September 2012, Pataky won €310,000 in Spains supreme court against publishing group Ediciones Zeta. In March 2007, Interviu magazine, owned by the Zeta, the Zeta group said it would appeal the decision. In addition to Spanish, she is fluent in English, Romanian, Italian, Portuguese, official website Elsa Pataky at the Internet Movie Database
7.
Luke Hemsworth
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Luke Hemsworth is an Australian actor who is known for his role as Nathan Tyson in the TV series Neighbours and Ashley Stubbs in the HBO sci-fi series Westworld. Luke Hemsworth was born on 5 November 1980 in Melbourne, Australia, the son of Leonie, an English teacher, and Craig Hemsworth and he is the older brother of actors Chris and Liam Hemsworth. His maternal grandfather is a Dutch immigrant, and his ancestry is English, Irish, Scottish. Hemsworth trained in acting at the National Institute of Dramatic Art and he started his career on the Australian soap opera Neighbours as Nathan Tyson. Mainly a television actor, Hemsworth has appeared in TV series such as The Saddle Club, Blue Heelers, Last Man Standing, All Saints, in 2012, he starred in the 6-part miniseries Bikie Wars, Brothers in Arms as Gregory Shadow Campbell. He is set to star in the upcoming Australian war film The 34th Battalion as Robinson and he currently stars in HBOs Westworld as security officer Ashley Stubbs. Luke Hemsworth at the Internet Movie Database
8.
Liam Hemsworth
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Liam Hemsworth is an Australian actor. He played the role of Josh Taylor in the soap opera Neighbours, in American films, Hemsworth starred in The Last Song, as Gale Hawthorne in The Hunger Games film series, and as Jake Morrison in Independence Day, Resurgence. Hemsworths older brothers, Luke and Chris, are also actors, Hemsworth was born in Melbourne, Australia, to Leonie, an English teacher, and Craig Hemsworth, a social-services counsellor. His two older brothers are Chris and Luke Hemsworth, who work as actors. His maternal grandfather is a Dutch immigrant, and his ancestry is English, Irish, Scottish. When Hemsworth was in year 8, he and his family relocated to Phillip Island, Hemsworth says he spent much of his time there surfing with his brothers. In March 2009, Hemsworth moved to the United States to pursue his career there and he and his brother Chris first stayed in the guest house of Chriss manager, William Ward, before renting their own Los Angeles apartment. Prior to becoming an actor, Hemsworth laid floors for six months and he began to seriously consider following his elder brothers footsteps in high school by participating in school plays. He attended his first audition at the age of sixteen and began his career in 2007 with guest appearances on the shows Home and Away, the week of 8 July 2007, Hemsworth began filming episodes for Neighbours, an Australian soap opera his brother Luke had previously starred in. Hemsworths character, Josh Taylor, was a character from 2007 to 2008. In the show, Josh was a paraplegic who supported. In 2008, Hemsworth began acting on the television show The Elephant Princess, playing Marcus. Hemsworth later had roles in the television series Satisfaction and starred in the British film Triangle and he also made a brief appearance as an MIT student in the film Knowing. In 2009, Hemsworth was selected to act opposite Sylvester Stallone in Stallones 2010 film, The Expendables, Hemsworth moved to the States in March 2009 for screen tests. Hemsworth plays the love interest of Miley Cyruss character in the film, nikki Finke reported that Hemsworth had been in Los Angeles for just three weeks and had not yet found an agent when he was cast. Hemsworth next appeared in the video for Cyrus When I Look at You which was recorded on 16 August 2009. In September 2009, Hemsworth appeared at an event to promote Foxtel. In March 2010, Details magazine selected Hemsworth as one of their predictions for The Next Generation of Hollywoods Leading Men
9.
Kim Hyde
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Kimberly Jonathan Kim Hyde was a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Chris Hemsworth. He made his first on screen appearance on 17 February 2004, Hemsworth originally auditioned for the role of Robbie Hunter, but he was turned down by the Home and Away producers and the role went to Jason Smith. Hemsworth was then asked to return and try out for the role of Kim Hyde and he won the role and had to relocate to Sydney to film his scenes. Of joining Home and Away, Hemsworth said The role in Home and it is so fast-paced and basically it allows me to learn a lot about the industry. Hemsworth appeared for three and a half years on Home and Away, before leaving in 2007 to focus on his film career and he appeared in the episode broadcast on 19 May 2015. Kim arrives in Summer Bay after his father, Barry is appointed principal of Summer Bay High at the start of the school year and it is clear the two do not get along and already had previous issues when Barry taught at Kims previous school. He quickly befriends Robbie and embarrasses him in front of his girlfriend Tasha Andrews when he questions Robbies virginity, the moment is interrupted when the three witness Noah Lawson wipe out while surfing. Kim dives into the sea and saves Noah, Robbie and Tasha are impressed with his heroics and suggest he join a swimming team, which Kim declines having previously been on one. Kim and Barrys relationship becomes more and more strained to the point where Kim moves in with Tasha and his ex, Brooke McPherson returns, telling him he is the father of her son Charlie. Kim is furious when realises Barry knew about the child but grows to love Charlie, the truth is revealed that Charlie is not his son and Brooke leaves, with Kim and Barrys relationship no better than before. He then drops out of school and begins working at the gym after Tasha buys him a share much to his fathers chagrin and he re-enrolls after Noahs death and participates in a memorial concert. Matilda Hunter takes an interest in Kim and feigns drowning to get his attention only for it to backfire, Matilda overhears Kim talking to Robbie and saying he will ask out his sister. However, Kim means Robbie and Matildas older sister, Kit, Kim and Kit begin a relationship before she heads to Paris. Kim gets his drivers license and takes a trip with Robbie. Robbie steps on a needle and fears he has contracted HIV, Kim supports him, but their friendship becomes somewhat strained when Robbies behaviour becomes erratic. During this time, Kim becomes close to Noahs widow, Hayley and they have a brief fling which ends, Kim dates Eve Jacobsen, who is using the identity of Zoe McCallister. When Kim returns from the city after a break, he is alarmed to learn that Eve has apparently died and was the Summer Bay Stalker. His next big shock is Hayley is pregnant and he is possibly the father, Scott and Hayley break up, and Kim gets together with Hayley and he proposes, but some people suspect Hayley is only with Kim because of the baby
10.
Home and Away
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Home and Away is an Australian television soap opera. It was created by Alan Bateman and commenced broadcast on the Seven Network on 17 January 1988, the soap opera was initially going to be called Refuge, but the name was changed to the friendlier title of Home and Away once production began. The show premiered with a pilot episode. Since then, each subsequent episode has aired for a duration of twenty-two minutes and Home, in Australia, it is currently broadcast from Mondays to Thursdays at 7,00 pm. Home and Away follows the lives and loves of the residents in Summer Bay, Home and Away was not without controversy. During the first season alone, it featured several adult-themed storylines such as teen pregnancy, drug and alcohol addiction and drug overdose. A storyline, in particular concerning rape outraged the public and a protest erupted, the series has dealt with similar storylines over the years which have often exceeded its restricted time slot. Palm Beach in Sydneys Northern Beaches district has been used as the location for Summer Bay since 1988, the exterior scenes are filmed mainly at Palm Beach, while the interior scenes are filmed at the Australian Technology Park in Redfern. Home and Away has been sold to over eighty countries around the world and it is popular in the United Kingdom, and is one of the highest-rating shows on RTÉ Television in Ireland and TV2 in New Zealand. In Australia, Home and Away is the most awarded program at the Logie Awards, with a total of forty-six wins, including Best Drama Program. Some cast members have won other awards such as the Gold Logie for Most Popular Personality on Australian Television, Silver Logie for Most Popular Actor. In 2015, Home and Away was inducted into the Logie Hall of Fame, after the Seven Network cancelled their soap opera Neighbours on 12 July 1985 due to low ratings, rival network Ten picked it up and turned it into a success. A couple of later, Sevens head of drama, Alan Bateman, became desperate to get back into the soap market. While on a trip to Kangaroo Point, New South Wales with his family, seeing the degree of conflict the influx of parentless children on a tight-knit community was having, Bateman came away with the idea for a new serial. He explained Nobody in the community wanted them to move in, suddenly I thought, there is my slice of life in a community. Bateman began outlining the storyline and set the serial in the town of Summer Bay. While Seven Network executives were unconvinced by the idea, audience research was positive, the soap opera was initially called Refuge, but the name was changed to the friendlier title of Home and Away once production began. Home and Away has since become the second-longest drama series in Australian television after Neighbours, the storyline featured a majority of the cast boarded onto a ferry boat for a night cruise, however, a massive storm ruined the celebrations, leading the boat to sink
11.
Star Trek (film)
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Star Trek is a 2009 American science fiction adventure film directed by J. J. Abrams, written by Roberto Orci and Alex Kurtzman and distributed by Paramount Pictures. Kirk and Spock aboard USS Enterprise as they combat Nero, a Romulan from their future who threatens the United Federation of Planets, the story takes place in an alternate reality because of time travel by both Nero and the original Spock. The alternate timeline was created in an attempt to free the film, the idea for a prequel film which would follow the Star Trek characters during their time in Starfleet Academy was discussed by series creator Gene Roddenberry in 1968. After the separation between Viacom and CBS Corporation, former Paramount president Gail Berman convinced CBS to allow Paramount to produce a feature film, Orci and Kurtzman, both fans of the Star Trek series, were approached to write the film and Abrams was approached to direct it. Kurtzman and Orci used inspiration from novels and graduate school dissertations as well as the series itself, principal photography commenced on November 7,2007 and ended on March 27,2008. The film was shot in locations around California and Utah. Abrams wanted to avoid using bluescreen and greenscreen, opting to use sets, heavy secrecy surrounded the films production and was under the fake working title Corporate Headquarters. Industrial Light & Magic used digital ships for the film, as opposed to the films in the franchise. Production for the film concluded by the end of 2008 and it was released in the United States and Canada on May 8,2009, to critical acclaim. Critics praised the development as well as the storyline in the film. Star Trek became a box office success, grossing over $385.7 million worldwide against its budget of $150 million. The DVD and Blu-ray for the film were released on October 19,2010, the film is followed by two sequels, Star Trek Into Darkness and Star Trek Beyond with a fourth having been announced. In the 23rd century, the Federation starship USS Kelvin is investigating a storm in space. A Romulan ship, Narada, emerges from the storm and attacks Kelvin, naradas first officer, Ayel, demands that Kelvins Captain Robau come aboard to negotiate a truce. Robau is questioned about the current stardate and an Ambassador Spock, naradas commander, Nero, kills him, and resumes attacking Kelvin. George Kirk, Kelvins first officer, orders the ships personnel, including his pregnant wife Winona, Kirk sacrifices his life to ensure Winonas survival as she gives birth to James T. Kirk. Seventeen years later on the planet Vulcan, a young Spock is accepted to join the Vulcan Science Academy, realizing that the Academy views his human mother Amanda as a disadvantage, he joins Starfleet instead. On Earth, Kirk becomes a reckless but intelligent young adult, three years later, Commander Spock accuses Kirk of cheating during the Kobayashi Maru simulation
12.
A Perfect Getaway
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A Perfect Getaway is a 2009 American thriller adventure film, written and directed by David Twohy, that stars Timothy Olyphant, Milla Jovovich, Kiele Sanchez, and Steve Zahn. The film was shot in Puerto Rico and Hawaii and was released on August 7,2009, in the United States. The film was a modest financial success, a young mild-mannered American couple, Cliff and Cydney, are celebrating their marriage by hiking to a remote beach in Hawaii while on their honeymoon. On their way, they see two hitchhikers, Cleo and Kale and they offer the pair a ride but change their minds when the two seem possibly dangerous. After they begin the hike, the comes in contact with Nick. Nick saves Cydneys life when she slips while attempting to cross a narrow ledge, the trio approaches a group of frightened female hikers discussing a double murder in Honolulu. The victims had their teeth pulled out and fingertips removed, Cliff suspects the hitchhiking couple are the murderers, and Cydney and Cliff discuss whether or not they should turn back, but decide to continue hiking with Nick. They subsequently meet up with Nicks sexy girlfriend, Gina at the Secret Falls Waterfall, Cliff suspects Kale and Cleo are following them. When he notices their permits are missing, Cliff sees Kale and Cleos bags by the trail and goes through them, after making camp, Nick and Cliff split up to search for Kale and Cleo. Cliff runs into a guide who is bringing Cliff the permits they left behind, Cliff and Nick return to the campsite. Nick brings a goat he has killed, and Gina proceeds to butcher the animal, the following day, Kale and Cleo are arrested for the murders. A container full of pulled teeth is found in one of their bags, the two couples are relieved by the arrests, and they continue their hike to the beach. Cliff rents two kayaks so he and Nick can explore a marine cave, as Gina idly looks through the photos on Cydney and Cliffs video camera, she is terrified when she realizes the couple are not who they claim to be. Gina sets off after Nick and Cliff, while Cydney chases after Gina, flashbacks reveal that Cliff and Cydney are drug-addicted sociopaths who murdered the newlyweds. They kill people and steal their identities in order to, as Cliff explains, live a hundred different lives and it is also revealed that Cliff had planted the bag of teeth in Kale and Cleos bag to frame them for the murders. In the Sea cave, Cliff suddenly reveals his true murderer identity, Gina witnesses this from the cliffs above. Then Cliff shoots at her, but misses, Cydney sneaks up on Gina and attacks her. Gina is stabbed in the leg but manages to push Cydney off the cliff into the water, even though they havent had a signal during the entire trip, Gina fortuitously receives a call on her cell phone from a phone company representative
13.
The Cabin in the Woods
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The Cabin in the Woods is a 2012 American horror comedy film directed by Drew Goddard in his directorial debut, produced by Joss Whedon, and written by Whedon and Goddard. The film stars Kristen Connolly, Chris Hemsworth, Anna Hutchison, Fran Kranz, Jesse Williams, Richard Jenkins, filming took place in Vancouver, British Columbia from March to May 2009 on an estimated budget of $30 million. The film was slated for release on February 5,2010 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and United Artists. In 2011, Lionsgate picked up the distribution rights, the film premiered on March 9,2012 at the South by Southwest film festival in Austin, Texas and was released in the United States on April 13,2012, grossing over $66 million worldwide. In a high tech facility, senior technicians Gary Sitterson. A similar operation undertaken by their counterparts in Stockholm has just ended in failure and they take bets from the different Facility departments as to what kind of monster they want to attack the teenagers and discuss the failures of similar rituals in other nations. In the cabins cellar, the group finds many bizarre objects, including the diary of Patience Buckner, Dana recites incantations from the journal, inadvertently summoning the zombified Buckner family despite Martys warnings. By releasing pheromones, Hadley successfully induces Curt and Jules to have sex, attacked by the marauding Buckner zombies, Jules is decapitated while Curt escapes to alert the group. Marty, a frequent marijuana smoker, discovers concealed surveillance equipment before being dragged off by one of the Buckners and seemingly killed. Later, the Facility workers learn that the ritual in Japan has also ended in failure, ending Japans streak of success and it becomes apparent that the ritual involves blood sacrifice. Curt, Holden, and Dana attempt to escape in their RV, Curt jumps a ravine on his motorcycle in an attempt to flee and alert the authorities, only to crash into a camouflaged force shield, killing him. Dana escapes and swims ashore and is beset in turn, as she is attacked, Sitterson, Hadley, and their staff celebrate her impending death and the successful completion of their ritual, viewing the events from their underground facility. The celebration is interrupted by a call from downstairs pointing out that Marty has survived. His heavy marijuana use has rendered him immune to Sitterson. Marty rescues Dana and shows her to an elevator he discovered under a grave. They take the elevator into the facility, where a menagerie of monsters, utilized by Sitterson. Dana correlates them with the objects in the cellar and realizes that those items gave victims the opportunity to choose the circumstances that will lead to their deaths during the ritual. Fleeing further, Dana and Marty discover a temple where they are confronted by The Director and she explains that, every year, worldwide rituals are held to appease the Ancient Ones, malevolent beings living beneath the surface of the earth, one of them under their own Facility
14.
Snow White and the Huntsman
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Snow White and the Huntsman is a 2012 American dark fantasy film based on the German fairy tale Snow White compiled by the Brothers Grimm. In the films retelling of the tale, Snow White grows up imprisoned by her stepmother, Queen Ravenna. After Snow White escapes into the forest, Ravenna tells Eric, after the Huntsman shifts his loyalty to Snow White, Ravenna disguises herself as William and tempts Snow White into eating a poisoned apple. The film is the debut of Rupert Sanders, and was written by Evan Daugherty, John Lee Hancock. The film received two Academy Award nominations for Best Visual Effects and Best Costume Design at the 85th Academy Awards and it was a success at the box office, earning $396.6 million worldwide against a $170 million budget. While admiring a rose blooming in the winter, Queen Eleanor of the kingdom of Tabor pricks her finger on one of its thorns, Queen Eleanor gives birth to her daughter Snow White, but soon after falls ill and dies. After her death, Snow Whites father, King Magnus, upon rescuing their prisoner Ravenna, he becomes enchanted with her beauty and marries her. Ravenna, is in fact a powerful sorceress and the Dark Armys master, on their wedding night, Magnus, enchanted, throws Ravenna into the bed and proceeds to make love. Ravenna confesses there was a king much like Magnus that spoiled her, during foreplay, she declares she cannot be a weak queen and kills Magnus. Queen Ravenna orders Finn to bring her Snow Whites heart, but she escapes into the Dark Forest, Queen Ravenna makes a bargain with Eric the Huntsman, a widower and drunkard, to capture Snow White, promising to bring his wife back to life in exchange. The Huntsman tracks down Snow White, but when Finn reveals that Queen Ravenna does not actually have the power to do what she promised, when the Huntsman catches up with her, she promises him gold if he will escort her to Duke Hammonds castle. Meanwhile, Finn gathers another band of men to find her, William leaves the castle on his own to find her, joining Finns band as a bowman. The Huntsman and Snow White leave the Dark Forest, where she saves his life by charming a huge troll that attacks them, while there, the Huntsman learns Snow Whites true identity, and initially leaves her in the care of the women. He soon returns when he sees the village being burned down by Finns men, Snow White and the Huntsman evade them and eventually meet a band of eight dwarves named Beith, Muir, Quert, Coll, Duir, Gort, Nion, and Gus. The blind Muir perceives that Snow White is the daughter of the king. The Huntsman battles Finn and eventually kills him, and William reveals himself, however, Gus is killed when he sacrifices himself to take an arrow meant for Snow White. William joins the group which continues the journey to Hammonds castle, halfway to Duke Hammonds castle, Queen Ravenna disguises herself as William and tempts Snow White into eating a poisoned apple, but is forced to flee when the Huntsman and William discover her. William kisses Snow White, whom he believes to be dead and she is taken to Hammonds castle
15.
Red Dawn (2012 film)
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Red Dawn is a 2012 American war film directed by Dan Bradley. The screenplay by Carl Ellsworth and Jeremy Passmore is based on the 1984 film of the same name, the film stars Chris Hemsworth, Josh Peck, Josh Hutcherson, Adrianne Palicki, Isabel Lucas, and Jeffrey Dean Morgan. The film centers on a group of people who defend their hometown from a North Korean invasion. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer announced its intention to remake Red Dawn in May 2008 and subsequently hired Bradley, the principal characters were cast the following year and the film went into production in September 2009 in Mount Clemens, Michigan. Originally scheduled to be released on November 24,2010, the film was shelved because of MGMs financial troubles, while in post-production, the invading army and antagonists were changed from Chinese to North Korean in order to maintain access to Chinas box office. FilmDistrict bought the distribution rights in September 2011 and the film was released in the United States on November 23,2012. The increased deployment of U. S. troops abroad leaves the mainland vulnerable, U. S. Marine Jed Eckert is home on leave in Spokane, Washington. He reunites with his father, Spokane Police Sergeant Tom Eckert and his brother, the morning after a mysterious power outage, Jed and Matt are shocked to see swarms of invading North Korean paratroopers and transport aircraft. Their father tells them to flee to their cabin in the woods while he helps the townspeople and they are later joined there by Robert Kitner, Daryl Jenkins, and Pete. Tensions build as the try to decide whether to surrender to the invaders or resist. Later, Jed announces that he intends to fight and the others agree to join him, after acquiring weapons, establishing a base in an abandoned mine, and being trained by Jed, the Wolverines begin a series of guerrilla attacks against soldiers and collaborators, including Pete. The North Koreans retaliate by bombarding the surrounding woods to destroy the Wolverines base, killing Danny and Julie, the Wolverines eventually encounter Marine Sergeant Major Andrew Tanner and two other Marines, Smith and Hodges. They reveal that the Russian-backed North Korean invasion used an EMP weapon that crippled the U. S and they also reveal that Captain Cho carries a suitcase containing an EMP-resistant radio telephone that would enable the U. S. command to contact its remaining forces for a counter-offensive. The Wolverines assist Tanner, Smith, and Hodges in infiltrating the police station. They succeed in stealing the suitcase with Jed avenging his fathers death by killing Cho, after they successfully escape with the suitcase, the Wolverines regroup at their base. After a short conversation between Matt and Jed, however, they are ambushed by Russian Spetsnaz and Jed is killed in the firefight, visibly shaken, Matt and the rest of the Wolverines escape with the suitcase to the Marines extraction point. The next day, Robert comes to the realization that during an escape, Daryl had been tagged with a tracking transmitter. After some thought, Daryl accepts the fact that he go on with them and decides to stay behind
16.
Rush (2013 film)
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Rush is a 2013 biographical sports drama film centred on the rivalry between Formula 1 drivers James Hunt and Niki Lauda during the 1976 Formula One motor-racing season. It was written by Peter Morgan, directed by Ron Howard and stars Chris Hemsworth as Hunt, the film premiered in London on 2 September 2013 and was shown at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival before its United Kingdom release on 13 September 2013. Hunt is a brash, young Englishman with a tendency to vomit before every race, while Lauda is a cool, calculating Austrian technical genius who relies on precision. After a falling out with his father, Lauda takes a bank loan and buys his way into the British Racing Motors Formula One team. Meanwhile, Hesketh Racing, the racing team Hunt drives for. Lauda then joins Scuderia Ferrari with Regazzoni and wins his first championship in 1975, Hesketh closes shop after failing to secure a sponsor, but Hunt joins McLaren when Emerson Fittipaldi leaves the team. During this time, Hunt marries supermodel Suzy Miller, while Lauda develops a relationship with German socialite Marlene Knaus, the 1976 Formula One season starts with Lauda dominating the first two races while Hunt struggles to catch up. Hunt wins the Spanish Grand Prix, but is disqualified after a post-race inspection rules that his car is too wide. Following his divorce, he regains his spirit and his disqualification in Spain is overturned. Meanwhile, Lauda marries Marlene in a private ceremony but begins to have concerns about the effects of his marriage on his racing career, at the German Grand Prix, Lauda urges the F1 committee to cancel the race due to heavy rain on the already notoriously dangerous Nürburgring. At the drivers meeting, Hunt argues that Lauda would benefit by having one fewer race in the season, the drivers vote to go ahead with the race. Both Hunt and Lauda start the race with wet weather tyres, after being pulled out of the flaming wreckage, he is airlifted to the hospital with third-degree burns to his head and face and dangerous internal burns to his lungs. For the next six weeks, Lauda is treated for his injuries while he watches his rival dominate the races in his absence, despite his doctors orders, he decides to drive his Ferrari at the Italian Grand Prix to finish fourth while Hunt fails to finish the race. The 1976 season comes to a climax at the rain-soaked Japanese Grand Prix, hunts late rally in Laudas absence has pulled him within three points of Lauda. At the end of the lap, Lauda returns to the pits and retires from the race. This opens the door for Hunt to win the championship if he can notch a podium finish and he spends the rest of the year with fame, sex and drugs, while Lauda takes an interest in flying private planes. At a private airfield in Bologna, Lauda suggests to Hunt that he focus on the racing season. Hunt continues to race until his retirement in 1979, and becomes a motorsport broadcast commentator until his death in 1993 at the age of 45, the film was shot on location in the United Kingdom, Germany and Austria
17.
Marvel Cinematic Universe
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The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series and digital series. The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, clark Gregg has appeared the most in the franchise, portraying Phil Coulson, a character original to the MCU. The first film released in the MCU was Iron Man, which began the first phase of films culminating in the crossover film Marvels The Avengers, Phase Two began with Iron Man 3, and concluded with Ant-Man. The films are currently in Phase Three, which began with the release of Captain America, Marvel Television expanded the universe further, first to network television with Marvels Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D. Marvel Television has also produced the digital series Marvels Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D, slingshot, which is a supplement to Agents of S. H. I. E. L. D. Soundtrack albums have been released for all of the films, along many of television series. It has inspired film and television studios with comic book character adaptation rights to attempt to create similar shared universes. By 2005, Marvel Entertainment began planning to produce its own films. Previously, Marvel had co-produced several superhero films with Columbia Pictures, New Line Cinema and others, Marvel made relatively little profit from its licensing deals with other studios and wanted to get more money out of its films while maintaining artistic control of the projects and distribution. Avi Arad, head of Marvels film division, was pleased with Sam Raimis Spider-Man films at Sony, as a result, they decided to form Marvel Studios, Hollywoods first major independent movie studio since DreamWorks. Feige, a self-professed fanboy, envisioned creating a shared universe just as creators Stan Lee, to raise capital, the studio secured funding from a seven-year, $525 million revolving credit facility with Merrill Lynch. Marvels plan was to release films for their main characters. Arad, who doubted the strategy yet insisted that it was his reputation that helped secure the initial financing, in 2007, at 33 years old, Feige was named studio chief. Feige initially referred to the narrative continuity of these films as the Marvel Cinema Universe. Marvel has designated the Marvel Cinematic Universe as Earth-199999 within the continuity of the companys multiverse, while not always the case, as evident by the 2013 releases of Iron Man 3 and Thor, The Dark World, he said it is certainly something to aim for. Feige expanded on this in July 2014, saying, I dont know that well keep to every year, wed rather find a way to keep that going. After the titles were revealed in October 2014, Feige said, which made us comfortable for the first time. To increase to three films a year instead of just two, without changing our methods, just like comic readers have been doing for decades and decades
18.
Thor (Marvel Comics)
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Thor is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series, and is a member of the superhero team the Avengers. The character has appeared in associated Marvel merchandise including animated television series, clothing, toys, trading cards, video games. The character was first portrayed in action by Eric Allan Kramer in the 1988 television movie The Incredible Hulk Returns. Thor placed 14th on IGNs list of Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time in 2011, a different version of the mythological Thor had appeared previously in Venus #12-13. Lee in 2002 described Thors genesis early in the Marvel pantheon, following the creation of the Hulk and it finally came to me, Dont make him human — make him a god. I decided readers were already pretty familiar with the Greek and Roman gods and it might be fun to delve into the old Norse legends. In a 1984 interview Kirby said I did a version of Thor for D. C. in the fifties before I did him for Marvel. I created Thor at Marvel because I was forever enamored of legends, which is why I knew about Balder, Heimdall, I tried to update Thor and put him into a superhero costume, but he was still Thor. And in a 1992 interview, Kirby said knew the Thor legends very well, I felt that might be a new thing for comics, taking the old legends and modernizing them. Subsequent stories of the 13-page feature The Mighty Thor continued to be plotted by Lee, various artists penciled the feature, including Jack Kirby, Joe Sinnott, Don Heck, and Al Hartley. With Journey into Mystery #101, the series began a long and definitive run by writer and co-plotter Lee, Lee and Kirby included Thor in The Avengers #1 as a founding member of the superhero team. The character has appeared in every subsequent volume of the series. The five-page featurette Tales of Asgard was added in Journey into Mystery #97, the feature itself expanded to 18 pages in #105, which eliminated the remaining anthological story from each issue, it was reduced to 16 pages five issues later. Comics historian Les Daniels noted that the adventures of Thor were gradually transformed from stories about a superhero into a spectacular saga. Artist Chic Stone, who inked several early Thor stories, observed that Kirby could just lead you through all these different worlds, the readers would follow him anywhere. Journey into Mystery was retitled Thor with issue #126, Tales of Asgard was replaced by a five-page featurette starring the Inhumans from #146–152, after which featurettes were dropped and the Thor stories expanded to Marvels then-standard 20-page length. Marvel filed for a trademark for The Mighty Thor in 1967, after Kirby left the title, Neal Adams penciled issues #180-181
19.
Thor (film)
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Thor is a 2011 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film sees Thor, the prince of Asgard, banished to Earth. As his brother, Loki, plots to take the throne for himself, Thor must prove himself worthy, sam Raimi first developed the concept of a film adaptation of Thor in 1991, but soon abandoned the project, leaving it in development hell for several years. Matthew Vaughn was originally assigned to direct the film for a tentative 2010 release, however, after Vaughn was released from his holding deal in 2008, Branagh was approached and the films release was rescheduled into 2011. The main characters were cast in 2009, and principal photography took place in California, the film was converted to 3D in post-production. Thor premiered on April 17,2011, in Sydney, Australia and was released on May 6,2011, the film was a financial success and received positive reviews from film critics. The DVD and Blu-ray sets were released on September 13,2011, a sequel, Thor, The Dark World, was released on November 8,2013. A third film, Thor, Ragnarok is set to be released on November 3,2017. In 965 AD, Odin, king of Asgard, wages war against the Frost Giants of Jotunheim and their leader Laufey, to prevent them from conquering the nine realms, starting with Earth. The Asgardian warriors defeat the Frost Giants and seize the source of their power, in the present, Odins son Thor prepares to ascend to the throne of Asgard, but is interrupted when Frost Giants attempt to retrieve the Casket. Against Odins order, Thor travels to Jotunheim to confront Laufey, accompanied by his brother Loki, childhood friend Sif and the Warriors Three, Volstagg, Fandral, a battle ensues until Odin intervenes to save the Asgardians, destroying the fragile truce between the two races. Thor lands in New Mexico, where astrophysicist Dr. Jane Foster, her assistant Darcy Lewis, the local populace finds Mjolnir, which S. H. I. E. L. D. Agent Phil Coulson soon commandeers before forcibly acquiring Janes data about the wormhole that delivered Thor to Earth, Thor, having discovered Mjolnirs nearby location, seeks to retrieve it from the facility that S. H. I. E. L. D. Quickly constructed but he finds himself unable to lift it, and is captured, with Selvigs help, he is freed and resigns himself to exile on Earth as he develops a romance with Jane. Loki discovers that he is actually Laufeys son, adopted by Odin after the war ended, a weary Odin falls into the deep Odinsleep to recover his strength. Loki seizes the throne in Odins stead and offers Laufey the chance to kill Odin, aware of their plan, Loki sends the Destroyer, a seemingly indestructible automaton, to pursue them and kill Thor. The warriors find Thor, but the Destroyer attacks and defeats them, struck by the Destroyer and near death, Thors sacrifice proves him worthy to wield Mjolnir
20.
Thor: The Dark World
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Thor, The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2011s Thor and the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was directed by Alan Taylor, with a screenplay by Christopher Yost, in Thor, The Dark World, Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith, who intends to plunge the universe into darkness. Development of Thor, The Dark World began in April 2011, in July 2011, Kenneth Branagh, the director of Thor, withdrew from the project. Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012, the supporting cast filled out in August 2012, with the hiring of Eccleston, Dennings, and Akinnuoye-Agbaje. Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey, England with filming continuing in Iceland and London, Thor, The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production. Thor, The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22,2013 and it was released internationally on October 30,2013, and on November 8,2013, in the United States. The film received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success, a third film, Thor, Ragnarok, is set for release on November 3,2017. Eons ago, Bor, father of Odin, clashes with the Dark Elf Malekith, after conquering Malekiths forces, including enhanced warriors called the Kursed, on their home world of Svartalfheim, Bor safeguards the Aether within a stone column. Unbeknownst to Bor, Malekith, his lieutenant Algrim, and a handful of Dark Elves escape into suspended animation. In London, astrophysicist Dr. Jane Foster and her intern Darcy Lewis travel to a factory where such portals have appeared. Separating from the group, Jane is teleported to another world, Heimdall alerts Thor that Jane has moved beyond his near all-seeing vision, leading Thor to Earth. When Thor finds Jane, she releases an unearthly force. Odin, recognizing the Aether, warns that the Aether will not only kill Jane, Malekith, awakened by the Aethers release, turns Algrim into a Kursed and attacks Asgard. During the battle, Malekith and Algrim search for Jane, sensing that she contains the Aether, Thors mother Frigga is killed protecting Jane, and Malekith and Algrim are forced to flee without Jane. In return, Thor promises Loki vengeance on Malekith for killing their mother, with Volstagg and Sif stalling Asgardian soldiers and Fandral assisting their escape, Thor, Loki, and Jane head to Svartalfheim. There, Loki tricks Malekith into drawing the Aether out of Jane, Malekith merges with the Aether and leaves in his ship as Loki is fatally wounded while killing Algrim. Thor, cradling Loki in his arms, promises to tell their father of his sacrifice and they learn that Malekith plans to restore the Dark Elves to dominance by unleashing the Aether at the center of the Convergence in Greenwich
21.
Avengers: Age of Ultron
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Avengers, Age of Ultron is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2012s The Avengers and the film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film was written and directed by Joss Whedon and features an ensemble cast that includes Robert Downey Jr. Jackson, in Avengers, Age of Ultron, the Avengers fight Ultron, an artificial intelligence obsessed with causing human extinction. The sequel was announced in May 2012, after the release of The Avengers. Whedon, the director of the first film, was back on board in August. By April 2013, Whedon had completed a draft of the script, second unit filming began in February 2014 in South Africa with principal photography taking place between March and August 2014. The film was shot at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England, with additional footage filmed in Italy, South Korea, Bangladesh, New York City. While in post production, the film was converted to 3D, Avengers, Age of Ultron premiered in Los Angeles on April 13,2015, and was released on May 1,2015, in North America, in 3D and IMAX 3D. The film received reviews from critics and grossed over $1.4 billion worldwide, making it the seventh-highest-grossing film in history. A sequel, Avengers, Infinity War, is scheduled to be released on May 4,2018, Stark and Banner discover an artificial intelligence within the scepters gem, and secretly use it to complete Starks Ultron global defense program. The unexpectedly sentient Ultron, believing he must eradicate humanity to save Earth, J. A. R. V. I. S. and attacks the Avengers at their headquarters. Escaping with the scepter, Ultron uses the resources in Struckers Sokovia base to upgrade his rudimentary body and build an army of robot drones. Having killed Strucker, he recruits the Maximoffs, who hold Stark responsible for their parents deaths by his weapons, and go to the base of arms dealer Ulysses Klaue to obtain Wakandan vibranium. Thor departs to consult with Dr. Erik Selvig on the meaning of the future he saw in his hallucination, while Romanoff. However, Nick Fury arrives and encourages the team to form a plan to stop Ultron, in Seoul, Ultron forces the teams friend Dr. Helen Cho to use her synthetic-tissue technology, together with vibranium and the scepters gem, to perfect a new body for him. As Ultron uploads himself into the body, Wanda is able to read his mind, discovering his plan for human extinction, Rogers, Romanoff, and Barton find Ultron and retrieve the synthetic body, but Ultron captures Romanoff. The Avengers fight amongst themselves when Stark secretly uploads J. A. R. V. I. S, – who is still operational after hiding from Ultron inside the Internet – into the synthetic body. Thor returns to help activate the body, explaining that the gem on its brow – one of the six Infinity Stones, Banner rescues Romanoff, who awakens the Hulk for the battle
22.
Thor: Ragnarok
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Thor, Ragnarok is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is intended to be the sequel to 2011s Thor and 2013s Thor, The Dark World, in Thor, Ragnarok, Thor must defeat the Hulk in a gladiatorial duel in time to save Asgard from Hela and the coming Ragnarök. A third Thor film was confirmed in January 2014, with the title and involvement of Hemsworth and Hiddleston announced that October. Waititi joined the film as director the next October, after Alan Taylor chose not to return from the second film, with the Hulks inclusion, elements from the 2006 comic storyline Planet Hulk were adapted for Ragnarok. The rest of the cast was confirmed the next May, with Pearson revealed to be involved with the film at the start of filming in July 2016. Principal photography took place from July to October,2016, in Queensland and Sydney, Australia, Thor, Ragnarok is scheduled to be released on November 3,2017, in IMAX. Chris Hemsworth as Thor, The crown prince of Asgard, based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name, Hemsworth stated that following the events of Avengers, Age of Ultron, Ragnarok finds Thor exploring and policing the universe while enjoying being a drifter. Director Taika Waititi said that he wanted to use more of Hemsworths comedic talents showcased in films like Vacation and Ghostbusters, saying, He’s so good, He’s legitimately one of the funniest things in this film. Tom Hiddleston as Loki, Thors adoptive brother and nemesis based on the deity of the same name, on playing the character for a fourth time, Hiddleston said he was interested in how Lokis attitude has changed, adding Im four years older. And there will just be new things find in it, the most exciting thing about is that he is always a trickster. It is trying to find new ways for him to be mischievous, regarding the inclusion of the Hulk in the film, Hiddleston said that Loki has a few chips on his shoulder due to the previous interaction between the two characters in The Avengers. Cate Blanchett as Hela, The ruler of Hel and Niflheim, based on the deity Hel, who has been inadvertently released from her prison. About the character, Blanchett said, Shes been locked away for millennia getting more and more cross, Blanchett also stated that Helas headdress can be used as a weapon and that she can manifest weapons from different parts of her body. She also took care to discuss with Marvel and Waititi to help define when Hela would be masked, Blanchett worked with stuntwoman Zoë Bell and studied capoeira in preparation for the role. Idris Elba as Heimdall, The all-seeing, all-hearing Asgardian sentry of the Bifröst Bridge, Jeff Goldblum as Grandmaster, A cosmic being fascinated with gaming and chance, who enjoys manipulating lesser life-forms, and is the ruler of the planet Sakaar. Goldblum described the character as a hedonist, a pleasure-seeker, an enjoyer of life and tastes and he also said that Waititi encouraged improvisation in order for Goldblum to make own. Tessa Thompson as Valkyrie, A tough, hard-drinking Asgardian warrior, based on the mythological being Brynhildr, who has formed a business relationship with Grandmaster while hiding out on Sakaar. Feige also stated that Valkyrie has spurned her Asgardian heritage elaborating, Waititi stated that Thompsons casting was not just about creating diversity explaining, Im not obsessed with the idea that you have to cast someone just to tick a box
23.
Avengers: Infinity War
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Avengers, Infinity War is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is intended to be the sequel to 2012s Marvels The Avengers and 2015s Avengers, Age of Ultron, in Avengers, Infinity War, the Avengers join forces with the Guardians of the Galaxy to confront Thanos. The film was announced in October 2014 as Avengers, Infinity War – Part 1, the Russo brothers came on board to direct in April 2015 and by May, Markus and McFeely signed on to write the script for the film. In July 2016, Marvel shortened the titled to Avengers, Infinity War, filming began in January 2017, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, shooting back-to-back with a direct sequel until October/November 2017. Additional filming took place in Scotland, Avengers, Infinity War is scheduled to be released on May 4,2018, in IMAX. An untitled sequel is scheduled to be released on May 3,2019, co-director Joe Russo said that Tony senses this greater threat approaching, so he is doing everything in his power to keep the Earth safe. Josh Brolin as Thanos, A powerful being who longs to collect all of the Infinity Stones in order to conquer the universe, co-screenwriter Stephen McFeely noted that Thanos wants to amass the Infinity Stones so he can re-balance the universe as he sees it. In addition to providing the voice for the character, Brolin performed motion capture on set, on choosing to portray Thanos, Brolin said that his good friend Marvel Studios co-president Louis DEsposito called me up and started talking about this thing. It was nice because I could intimately talk to him about it, what I didnt like about the whole idea of it. It was really exciting because of the possibilities that it could become, not as an idea or as a blockbuster, but just as something different. Brolin was looking to explore the humanity of the character, saying there are parts of him that are unfounded to me, which will be found. Mark Ruffalo as Bruce Banner / Hulk, An Avenger and a genius scientist who, because of exposure to gamma radiation, tom Hiddleston as Loki, Thors adoptive brother and nemesis based on the deity of the same name. Joe Russo added, His responsibility to himself is now in conflict with his responsibility to others and his road forward involves figuring out who Steve Rogers is without the shield. Chris Hemsworth as Thor, An Avenger and the prince of Asgard. Joe Russo stated that Thors storyline picks up after the events of Thor, Ragnarok, very interesting place and gives him a real emotional motivation after that. Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton / Hawkeye, A master archer and former agent of S. H. I. E. L. D, who is a member of Rogers faction of Avengers. Elizabeth Olsen as Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch, A member of Rogers faction of Avengers, sebastian Stan as Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier, An enhanced assassin and Rogers ally and best friend, who reemerged brainwashed after being thought killed in action during World War II. Aaron Lazar will serve as Cumberbatchs stand-in during filming, until the latter completes filming on The Current War, at that point, Cumberbatch will re-shoot scenes where his face needs to be seen
24.
Untitled Avengers film
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The film was announced in October 2014 as Avengers, Infinity War – Part 2. The Russo brothers came on board to direct in April 2015 and by May, Markus, in July 2016, Marvel removed the films title, referring to it simply as Untitled Avengers film. Filming began in January 2017, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, shooting back-to-back with Avengers, additional filming took place in Scotland. The film is scheduled to be released on May 3,2019, josh Brolin as Thanos, A powerful being who longs to collect all of the Infinity Stones in order to conquer the universe. In addition to providing the voice for the character, Brolin performed motion capture on set, mark Ruffalo as Bruce Banner / Hulk, An Avenger and a genius scientist who, because of exposure to gamma radiation, transforms into a monster when enraged or agitated. Tom Hiddleston as Loki, Thors adoptive brother and nemesis based on the deity of the same name, chris Hemsworth as Thor, An Avenger and the crown prince of Asgard, based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name. Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton / Hawkeye, A master archer and former agent of S. H. I. E. L. D, who is a member of Rogers faction of Avengers. Elizabeth Olsen as Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch, A member of Rogers faction of Avengers who can harness magic, aaron Lazar will serve as Cumberbatchs stand-in during filming, until the latter completes filming on The Current War. At that point, Cumberbatch will reshoot scenes where his needs to be seen. Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury, The former director of S. H. I. E. L. D. Evangeline Lilly as Hope van Dyne / Wasp, The daughter of Hank Pym and Janet van Dyne, who is bequeathed a similar suit and the Wasp sobriquet from her mother. Lilly said that her character would not appear in Avengers, Infinity War in order to preserve her reveal as the Wasp in Ant-Man, karen Gillan as Nebula, An adopted daughter of Thanos who was raised with Gamora as siblings, and a member of the Guardians. Anthony Mackie as Sam Wilson / Falcon, A member of Rogers faction of Avengers, in October 2014, Marvel announced a two-part sequel to Age of Ultron, titled Avengers, Infinity War. Part 1 was scheduled to be released on May 4,2018, in April 2015, Marvel announced that Anthony and Joe Russo would direct both parts of Avengers, Infinity War, with back-to-back filming expected to begin in 2016. Also in the month, Kevin Feige said the films would be two, distinct films because they such shared elements, it felt appropriate, but I wouldn’t call it one story thats cut in half. I would say its going to be two distinct movies, by May 2015, Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely signed on to write the screenplays for both parts of the film. In July 2016, Marvel removed the title, simply referring to it as Untitled Avengers film. Anthony Russo stated that the new title for the film would not be revealed for some time
25.
Blackhat (film)
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Blackhat is a 2015 American action thriller mystery film co-written, co-produced and directed by Michael Mann. The film stars Chris Hemsworth, Tang Wei, Viola Davis, Holt McCallany, the film premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on January 8,2015, and was released in theaters on January 16. Blackhat was a box office bomb, earning only $19.7 million at the box office against a budget of $70 million, at a nuclear plant in Chai Wan, Hong Kong, a hacker causes the coolant pumps to overheat and explode. Not long after in Chicago, the Mercantile Trade Exchange gets hacked, the Chinese government and the FBI determine that the hack was caused by a Remote Access Tool. A military officer in Chinas cyber warfare unit, Captain Chen Dawai, is tasked to find the responsible for the attacks, and enlists the aid of his sister Chen Lien. Dawai asks that the FBI arrange for Hathaway to be released from prison, Hathaway is offered temporary release in exchange for his services. A dead colleagues computer yields a clue to a connection, so Hathaway and Lien go to the rendezvous, in Hong Kong, the team works with Hong Kong inspector Alex Trang and traces the stock trade money to a known paramilitary operative named Elias Kassar. A stakeout team is murdered while Hathaway, Jessup, Chen, Trang along with a Special Duties Unit team raid Kassars hideout, a shootout ensues and Trang as well as a number of SDU officers are killed. The nuclear plant has stabilized enough to retrieve a data drive from the control room, Agent Barrett turns a blind eye while Hathaway hacks into the NSA to use a fossiled data tool called Black Widow to reconstruct the corrupted data. He learns that the server is based in Jakarta. Lien finds out the hacker has been buying high-resolution satellite photos of a site near Seri Manjung, Hathaways hack into the NSA does not go unnoticed and the US government demands his return to prison. Dawais superiors agree as they do not want to antagonize the US, while Barrett and her partner Agent Jessup receive orders to detain Hathaway. Dawai, Lien and Hathaway manage to elude their pursuers and make plans to leave Hong Kong and continue their investigation when they are attacked by Kassar and his men, who have been following them. Dawai is killed, shortly after, Barrett and Jessup, who have been tracking Hathaway using an ankle bracelet, while both Barrett and Jessup are killed in a firefight, they buy enough time for Lien and Hathaway to escape into the subway. Hathaway and Lien travel to the location of the photos in Malaysia to try. The two then travel to Jakarta and using a distraction manage to gain access to the hackers server. They manage to transfer the money from his Hong Kong bank. The hacker and Hathaway agree to meet to negotiate the return of the money, Hathaway insists the red hat and Kassar come alone but they bring their gang along
26.
National Lampoon, Inc.
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This is about the modern company. For the original magazine, its projects and the original company. National Lampoon, Incorporated is a company formed in 2002 in order to use the brand name National Lampoon in comedy, since its start in 2002, the company overhauled its corporate infrastructure several times. The National Lampoon World Headquarters is located in West Hollywood, California, the CEO of the company was originally Dan Laikin, who was prosecuted in 2008 for illegal stock manipulation. After Laikin resigned, Tim Durham took over, but in 2009 Durham was investigated and charged with operating a Ponzi scheme, National Lampoon Inc releases humor books and material under the umbrella of National Lampoon Press. These include republished collections of old National Lampoon magazine material, including True Facts, Foto Funnies, National Lampoon Comedy Radio was a 24/7 all comedy radio network that was made available to XM Satellite Radio, AM-FM, HD, Cable Radio and Podcast. Affiliated with Clear Channel Communications, National Lampoon Comedy Radio was first added to XM Satellite Radio, much of the programming is broadcast from National Lampoon World Headquarters in West Hollywood, California. The station had pre-recorded, mock-live comedy talk shows with hosts Nadine Rajabi Nadine @ Nite, Kevin Couch, the programing was built around stand-up performances from famous comedians such as Jerry Seinfeld, Robin Williams, George Carlin, D. L. Hughley, and Bob Saget. The station also played prank calls from Crank Yankers and other sources, parody songs, behind the scenes, the XM network was created and run out of two small, adjoining offices in the National Lampoon building on Sunset Blvd. The programing, while seeming live to the listener, was pre-recorded and uploaded to an XM server each day. While on the air, the station was funded by Kent Emmons and supported by a staff of Tre Giles, David Frederic, Eugene Chin, Kevin Couch, Phil Iazzetta, Nadine Rajabi, Eric Cahill, and Jason Sharp. Funding for the network was pulled in May 2008, when it was deemed unprofitable, the XM feed continued to air existing content until the following year. As of March 6,2009, National Lampoon radio was dropped from the Sirius-XM line-up, in 2002, the content of National Lampoon. com was officially registered into the Smithsonian Institution for best exemplifying American satire in the weeks following the 9-11 attacks. The website currently emphasizes original video content, both in-house and freelance, spread to viral video hosting sites such as YouTube. In addition to the content created by The National Lampoon staff, collectively, they drew approximately 5 million monthly viewers in May 2007. This format has given it a consistent Comscore rating of #1 amongst comedy websites, on August 19,2008 National Lampoon issued a press release stating they have bought AllModelZone. com, AllModelZone which hosts models and photographers portfolios. During 2011, the website was redesigned to resemble the classic National Lampoon magazine format, originally formed in 2002, the National Lampoon College Network was revived in 2006 as a two-hour block of weekly television programming that is broadcast to colleges and universities. The format is similar to MTVu, the division of MTV
27.
Vacation (2015 film)
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Vacation is a 2015 American comedy film written and directed by Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley. It stars Ed Helms, Christina Applegate, Skyler Gisondo, Steele Stebbins, Leslie Mann, Chris Hemsworth, Beverly DAngelo and it is the fifth installment of the Vacation film series serving as both a modernized reboot and a sequel to the original four films. It is also the not to carry the National Lampoon name after Vegas Vacation. The film has received reviews from critics but it was a box office success. The gloating from his friends Jack and Nancy Peterson about a trip they had in Paris doesnt help his situation. He desires to relive the fun of his vacations from his childhood. For the trip, Rusty hires a Tartan Prancer, an ugly, along the way, the Griswolds take many detours. In Arkansas, they are led to a hidden hot spring by a helpful local. They return to the Prancer only to see its been broken into, their luggage and cash stolen, next they stop in Texas to get help from Rustys sister, Audrey, and her husband, Stone Crandall. Rusty begins to suspect problems in his relationship with Debbie due to Stones obviously outward sexual behavior and actions, one night, Stone walks in on the couple and makes a show of his attractive body and oversized member. James finally asserts himself against Kevin with encouragement from Adena, who they encounter again and they intend to fly home to Chicago the next day, but Rusty and Debbie confront each other about their stale marriage and decide to start over again. After spending the day waiting in line, they are cut off by Ethan, a more successful airline pilot rival of Rustys. A fight breaks out, which the Griswolds win, forcing the family to flee. The Griswolds finally board the ride, but it stalls halfway up a loop, as the film end, we see them on the plane to Paris sitting in a pair of uncomfortable seats right next to a lavatory. Exasperated, Debbie asks and learns that it will be a 12-hour flight, in February 2010, it was announced by New Line Cinema that a new Vacation film was being produced. Produced by David Dobkin and written by John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein, in July 2012, it was announced that Ed Helms would star in the sequel as Rusty Griswold, who now has his own family misadventures on the road. On March 28,2013, Variety announced that original series stars Beverly DAngelo and Chevy Chase were in talks to reprise their roles, no mention was made of other series regulars, such as Randy Quaids Cousin Eddie. On April 23,2013, it was reported that the film had been delayed indefinitely, later, Chris Hemsworth and Charlie Day were also reported to co-star
28.
In the Heart of the Sea (film)
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An international co-production between the United States and Spain, it was directed and produced by Ron Howard and written by Charles Leavitt. The film stars Chris Hemsworth, Benjamin Walker, Cillian Murphy, Tom Holland, Ben Whishaw and it premiered in New York City on December 7,2015 and was released in cinemas in the United States on December 11,2015 by Warner Bros. In the Heart of the Sea received mixed reviews from critics, in 1850, author Herman Melville visits innkeeper Thomas Nickerson, the last survivor of the sinking of the whaleship Essex offering money in return for his story. Nickerson initially refuses, but finally agrees when his wife intervenes, the story turns to 1820, a whaling company in Nantucket has refitted the Essex to participate in the lucrative whale oil trade, and 14-year-old Nickerson signs on as a cabin boy. The owners hire veteran whaler Owen Chase as first mate, though he is disappointed not to receive a captains commission, the captain is George Pollard, an inexperienced mariner from an established whaling family who envies Chases skill and popularity. Chase and Pollard clash, leading Pollard to sail into a storm against Chases advice, the two agree to put their differences aside, rather than risking their reputations by returning to port without profit, and soon, the crew kills their first bull sperm whale. Three months pass with no successes, and Pollard realizes that the Atlantic Ocean holds no sighting of whales. The Essex sails past Cape Horn to the Pacific, hoping for luck in catching one. Disbelieving the story, Pollard and Chase lead the expedition west and they find the undisturbed grounds, but when they launch the whaling boats, the white whale, a massive albino bull sperm whale attacks, damaging the boats and turning on the ship. Chase harpoons it from the Essexs deck, but the whale staves the ship in half, the crew abandons the sinking Essex in the three intact whaling boats, and must sail hundreds of miles to shore with very limited supplies. The whale follows and attacks again, but they escape to the tiny Henderson Island, while gathering food, Chase discovers the corpses of earlier castaways, and concludes that the crew will soon die on the island before another ship passes by. Four men decide to stay, while the rest set sail again on the boats with hopes to find land, soon after, one of the men dies, and the remaining crew reluctantly decide to cannibalize him. The older Nickerson is overcome by emotion and stops his story, however, back in the 1820s, the three boats separate and one is lost. The other two further resort to cannibalism to survive, with Pollards cousin Henry Coffin sacrificing himself, the whale returns, and Chase gets into position for a final attack. The whale breaches for a moment, allowing Chase to observe a portion of his previously thrown harpoon still embedded in the whales skull, Chase hesitates, and stares into the whales left eye. Following this encounter, the whale swims away peacefully, and is never seen again, a passing ship rescues Pollards boat, but Chases boat continues to drift with no food or water. Finally, with the survivors on the verge of death, they reach land, the survivors return to Nantucket and finally reunite with their distraught families. The ships owners ask Pollard and Chase to cover up the story to protect the industry, Nickerson relates that Chase continued sailing the seas and became a merchant captain, while Pollard led another expedition to kill the whale, but the ship wrecked and he was forced to retire
29.
Outback
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The Outback is the vast, remote interior of Australia. Culturally, the Outback is deeply ingrained in Australian heritage, history, early European exploration of inland Australia was sporadic. More focus was on the more accessible and fertile coastal areas, the first party to successfully cross the Blue Mountains just outside Sydney was led by Gregory Blaxland in 1813,25 years after the colony was established. This contrasts with the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition in 1860–61 which was better funded. The Overland Telegraph line was constructed in the 1870s along the route identified by Stuart, mineral exploration continues as new mineral deposits are identified and developed. While the early explorers used horses to cross the outback, the first woman to make the riding a horse was Anna Hingley. The paucity of land use has led to the Outback being recognised globally as one of the largest remaining. The savanna of northern Australia are the largest, intact savanna regions in the world, in the south, the Great Western Woodlands, which occupy 16,000,000 hectares, an area larger than all of England, are the largest remaining temperate woodland left on Earth. Reflecting the wide climatic and geological variation, the Outback contains a wealth of distinctive, the Australian Outback is full of very important well-adapted wildlife, although much of it may not be immediately visible to the casual observer. Many animals, such as red kangaroos and dingoes, hide in bushes to rest, birdlife is prolific, most often seen at waterholes at dawn and dusk. Huge flocks of budgerigars, cockatoos, corellas and galahs are often sighted, on bare ground or roads during the winter, various species of snakes and lizards bask in the sun, but they are rarely seen during the summer months. Feral animals such as camels thrive in central Australia, brought to Australia by pastoralists and explorers, feral horses known as brumbies are station horses that have run wild. Feral pigs, foxes, cats and rabbits are other imported animals that also degrade the environment, so time, the Outback is home to a diverse set of animal species, such as the kangaroo, emu and dingo. The Dingo Fence was built to restrict dingo movements into agricultural areas towards the south east of the continent, the marginally fertile parts are primarily utilised as rangelands and have been traditionally used for sheep or cattle grazing, on cattle stations which are leased from the Federal Government. While small areas of the outback consist of soils the majority has exceedingly infertile palaeosols. Riversleigh, in Queensland, is one of Australias most renowned fossil sites and was recorded as a World Heritage site in 1994, the 100 km2 area contains fossil remains of ancient mammals, birds and reptiles of Oligocene and Miocene age. The largest industry across the Outback, in terms of the occupied, is pastoralism, in which cattle, sheep. Capitalizing on the lack of improvement and absence of fertiliser and pesticide use
30.
Northern Territory
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The Northern Territory is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west, South Australia to the south, to the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area—over 1,349,129 square kilometres, the Northern Territorys population of 244,000 makes it the least populous of Australias eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. The archaeological history of the Northern Territory begins over 40,000 years ago when Indigenous Australians settled the region, makassan traders began trading with the indigenous people of the Northern Territory for trepang from at least the 18th century onwards. The coast of the territory was first seen by Europeans in the 17th century, the British were the first Europeans to attempt to settle the coastal regions. After three failed attempts to establish a settlement, success was achieved in 1869 with the establishment of a settlement at Port Darwin. Today the economy is based on tourism, especially Kakadu National Park in the Top End and the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park in central Australia, the capital and largest city is Darwin. The population is not concentrated in regions but rather along the Stuart Highway. The other major settlements are Palmerston, Alice Springs, Katherine, Nhulunbuy, residents of the Northern Territory are often known simply as Territorians and fully as Northern Territorians, or more informally as Top Enders and Centralians. With the coming of the British, there were four attempts to settle the harsh environment of the northern coast. The Northern Territory was part of colonial New South Wales from 1825 to 1863, except for a time from February to December 1846. It was part of South Australia from 1863 to 1911, under the administration of colonial South Australia, the overland telegraph was constructed between 1870 and 1872. A railway was built between Palmerston and Pine Creek between 1883 and 1889. The economic pattern of raising and mining was established so that by 1911 there were 513,000 cattle. Victoria River Downs was at one time the largest cattle station in the world, gold was found at Grove Hill in 1872 and at Pine Creek, Brocks Creek, Burrundi, and copper was found at Daly River. On 1 January 1911, a decade after federation, the Northern Territory was separated from South Australia, alfred Deakin opined at this time To me the question has been not so much commercial as national, first, second, third and last. Either we must accomplish the peopling of the territory or submit to its transfer to some other nation. In late 1912 there was growing sentiment that the name Northern Territory was unsatisfactory, the names Kingsland, Centralia and Territoria were proposed with Kingsland becoming the preferred choice in 1913
31.
Heathmont College
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Heathmont College is a coeducational government secondary college located in Heathmont, Victoria. It is located between Waters Grove, Marlborough Road and Hardy Crescent, Heathmont has an outstanding reputation as an academic school within the local community. Heathmont College is divided into two sub-schools, both sub-schools are overseen by a Head of School. Head of School, Joanne Sayer The current Middle School incorporates all students in Year 7,8, currently, each year level has a coordinator who are responsible for ensuring the wellbeing and discipline of the students in their year level. The current coordinators are E Silcox, A Moller, F McNeal, there has been announced a new Year 9 Life program for 2017. This will focus on four key areas - Work, Body and Mind, Community Service, the school currently focuses on ensuring that Year Seven students have a smooth transition from primary school to secondary school. There is a range of programs that the school provides Year 7 students with to participate in ranging from a camp in the first week, to leadership opportunities. A particular focus is placed on positive education combined with academic excellence, an extensive transition program has been implemented to assist students as they move into secondary education. There is also lots of opportunities for Year Eights such as becoming members of the Student Representative Council, there are pastoral care sessions to ensure Year Eights are getting the most of their schooling. In Year Nine, students are able to select from a range of electives. This provides students with a range of choice and responsibility. The program goes over the course of a year and allows the students to work in a range of situations in different groups, the objectives of the program are to provide students with good life skills and to have student centered learning. Even though students in 9 Life are in an non traditional learning environment, they still study structured core subjects such as Mathematics and English. Head of School, Allan Langely Current coordinators are, M. McMurray, D. Hewitt, a successful Presentation Ball program, a Central tour for Year 11 students and a Valedictory Ball are some of the functions available for students to participate in. The Excel program has recently introduced to the College to improve its academic outcomes. Students are selected on the basis of testing conducted at the College prior to the commencement of Year 7. This program supports and extends students in Mathematics, the recent, significant improvement in Naplan results are a result of the increase in academic rigour at the College. In 2016 a rigorous subject completion policy was introduced throughout the College, the Victorian Certificate of Education is offered to all students in Years 11 and 12. Many VCE subjects are offered to Year 10 students
32.
Guinevere Jones
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Guinevere Jones is a Canadian/Australian fantasy television series and a series of four novels. It revolves around the adventures of the character as she uses magic to fight evil, while at the same time dealing with problems. The show debuted in Canada on May 4,2002 on YTV and it ran for twenty-six episodes over two seasons. Elizabeth Stewart created the television show, there are a total of twenty-six episodes, with thirteen in each season. Each episode has a little plot, but there are also several story arcs stretching across multiple episodes. Indeed, most episodes start with both a teaser and a Last Time on Guinevere Jones, the last three episodes are direct continuations of each other and are like a miniature serial. Season 1 Aired in May, June, and July 2002, season 2 aired in September, October, November, and December 2002. There are several characters in the television show and books. She uses magic to fight evil and she finds out in the first episode that she is the reincarnation of Guinevere, the queen of Camelot from King Arthurs time. Her mother was captured by a spirit and spent her days in the mental hospital. Gwen was adopted by the Rosens who lived in a shop called New Sage which sell magical stuffs and she works at a cafe called the Arc which is frequented by students at the school. She is Gwens best friend and a helper in Gwens fight against evil. He is very much a foil to his sister, sometime he acts like a boyfriend to Gwen along with Michael. Michael Medina is Gwens friend and sometimes boyfriend and he was unwillingly protected by Gadowain until he used a magical gauntlet to repel the fairy. Spencer Huang is a friend of Tashas, reine Davidson is the primary antagonist of Gwen and her friends. She has some knowledge of magic herself and she has a crush on Josh as well as later on Michael. Merlin often offers Gwen advice but is also difficult and he is actually a spirit projecting himself from the past. Patrick OLeary is one of Gwens teachers at the school, there seems to be something sinister about him, but he is actually Gwens father
33.
Neighbours
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Neighbours is an Australian television soap opera. It was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 18 March 1985, Seven decided to commission the show following the success of Watsons Sons and Daughters, which aired on the network. Although successful in Melbourne, Neighbours underperformed in the Sydney market, the show was immediately bought by rival network Ten. After taking over production of the show, the new network had to build replica sets because Seven destroyed the originals to prevent its rival from obtaining them, Ten began screening Neighbours on 20 January 1986, taking off where the previous series left off and commencing with episode 171. Neighbours has since become the longest running series in Australian television and in 2005. On 11 January 2011, Neighbours moved to Tens digital channel, the shows storylines concern the domestic and professional lives of the people who live and work in Erinsborough, a fictional suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. Neighbours began with three families created by Watson – the Ramsays, the Robinsons and the Clarkes, Watson said that he wanted to show three families who are friends living in a small street. The Robinsons and the Ramsays had a history and were involved in an ongoing rivalry. Pin Oak Court, in Vermont South, is the real cul-de-sac that has doubled for Ramsay Street since 1985, all of the houses featured are real and the residents allow the production to shoot external scenes in their yards. The interior scenes are filmed at the Global Television studios in Forest Hill, through its entire run in Australia, Neighbours has been screened as a twenty-two-minute episode each week night in an early-evening slot. In Australia it is currently broadcast each weeknight at 6,30 pm on Eleven, the show is produced by FremantleMedia and has been sold to over sixty countries around the world, making it one of Australias most successful media exports. Neighbours was first screened in the United Kingdom in October 1986 on BBC1 where it achieved popularity among British audiences in the late 1980s and 1990s. In 2008, it moved to the UKs Channel 5, Neighbours was created in the early-to-mid-1980s by Australian TV executive Reg Watson. Watson decided to create an opera after working on Crossroads and seeing how successful it. He had already created such successful Australian made soap operas as The Young Doctors, Prisoner and Sons, Watson proposed the idea of making a show that would focus on more realistic stories and portray teens and adults who talk openly to each other and solve their problems together. Watson, who worked for the Grundy production company, decided to make his appeal to both Australia and Britain. In 2005, Darren Devlyn and Caroline Frost from the Herald Sun reported that Watson then took his idea to the Nine Network in 1982, former Network Nine chief executive Ian Johnson commented that it was one of the biggest missed opportunities in his twenty-four years at the network. He added I remember it being discussed, but Im not exactly sure what went against it
34.
Robbie Hunter (Home and Away)
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Robert George Robbie Hunter is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Jason Smith. He made his first on screen appearance on 25 November 2003, Robbie departed on 10 October 2006. Chris Hemsworth originally auditioned for the role of Robbie, but the producers decided that he was not right for the part and they later cast him as Kim Hyde. Smith then won the role of Robbie, of his casting, the actor told the official Home and Away website I really enjoyed the audition process because my character is so full of life. If there was any role on television I wanted to play this would be it, Smith felt coming into a well established show with a strong cast was a good opportunity for him. Robbie arrives in Summer Bay to live with Beth and her husband-to-be Rhys Sutherland, within the first day of his arrival, he manages to put his future stepsister Jades nose out of joint by mistaking her for her sister, Kirsty. Robbie then apologises and Jade accepts, when Tasha Andrews goes missing, Robbie uses one of his inventions to catch her but it backfires, leaving him caught. While trying to escape, Robbie is bitten by a snake, after saving his life, Robbie gives Tasha a gift and they become good friends often getting into trouble including incidents of streaking and wagging school. When Kim Hyde starts at Summer Bay High in Robbies Year, they become friends, Tasha, after realising she cannot have two boyfriends, reassures Robbie he is the one for her and they reconcile and Robbie repairs his friendship with Kim. For Robbies 17th birthday, he receives a car to his surprise as he feels that he would never be trusted after wrecking Tashas guardian Irene Roberts. At Robbies party which he shares with Hayley Smith for her 21st, the keys are stolen and the culprit is Duncan Stewart, who causes a major accident involving Jade and her boyfriend Seb Miller. Robbie later finds himself embroiled with a feud with Duncan when he begins harassing and blackmailing Tasha with the knowledge that the late Angie Russell is her mother, the feud comes to a head after Duncan pulls a gun on Robbie and Kim and later leaves the Bay. Robbie and Tasha decide to take their relationship to the next level and they later resolves things and become stronger and Robbie supports Tasha when her birth father Ian Osborne rejects her. During a nude run as part of a dare on a trip, Robbie suffers a needlestick injury and fears he has contracted something from the needle. Robbies test results later arrive and they are negative, Robbie and Tasha drift apart once again but after a seaplane crash, they once again reaffirm their commitment. After submitting an advert for a competition, Robbie soon lands a role in a donut commercial, in spite of this, Robbie achieves some degree of fame and becomes a little conceited, angering Tasha when he tells his co-stars she is a groupie as opposed to his girlfriend. Robbie and Tasha decide to wait until they get married before they have sex and they then have an unofficial private ceremony under the stars. When Tasha from returns visiting her half-brother Dylan Russell in the city and it soon transpires that Jonah is part of a religious cult called The Believers
35.
Dancing with the Stars (Australian TV series)
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Dancing with the Stars was a Logie Award-winning, Australian light entertainment reality show airing on the Seven Network and filmed live from the HSV-7 studios in Melbourne. The show is based on the United Kingdom BBC Television series Strictly Come Dancing and is part of BBC Worldwides international Dancing with the Stars franchise, the show debuted in a short run from October to November 2004, then returned the following February. The show is a ratings success averaging around 2 million viewers a week nationally during its peak which places the series number 1 of the entire day, through telephone and SMS voting, viewers vote for the duo they think should remain in the competition. Judges scores are combined with the votes when determining which duo is eliminated. Shane Bourne and Edwina Bartholomew are the current co-hosts of the show, the logo used for the first seven series of Dancing with the Stars is similar to the logo used by Strictly Come Dancing. The logo used for the series and beyond is similar to that used by the US version of Dancing with the Stars. The program ended after 15 seasons, when the Seven Network announced in October 2016 it would not renew the program despite previously suggesting a sixteenth season would air in 2017. From seasons 1 to 7, entertainment legend Daryl Somers and dancer/actress/television presenter Sonia Kruger were the two primary hosts, for season 8, Somers was replaced by actor Daniel MacPherson, when Somers returned to the Nine network to host the rebooted Hey Hey, Its Saturday. Kruger continued to co-host with MacPherson, until the start of season 12, Kruger was subsequently replaced by former Spice Girl Melanie Brown. In 2013, Brown was replaced by Sunrise weather presenter Edwina Bartholomew, in 2015, Shane Bourne replaced Daniel MacPherson as co-host. Key, Previous Current From seasons 1 to 7, the panel consisted of four primary judges, Todd McKenney, Helen Richey, Paul Mercurio. At the start of season 8, Mercurio left the judging panel, before the eleventh season began, Wilson was dumped by the Seven network and replaced by Joshua Horner. McKenney, Richey and Horner have made up the judging panel since 2011. Kym Johnson who comes from the United States version of Dancing with the Stars, in 2015 Bruno Tonioli replaced Garcia as a judge for the first three weeks before leaving just three judges for the rest of the season. Ian Dicko Dickson and Bruno Tonioli have also appeared as guest judges throughout the series, providing feedback, pamela Anderson, Damian Whitewood, Olivia Newton-John and Dame Edna Everage have also appeared as guest judges, but providing comments and feedback only. Key, Previous Current Color key, The following are the dances performed by couples on Dancing with the Stars, in addition, each couple in the final round performs a dance of any style or combination of styles of their choosing, called freestyle. These scores have been modified to be out of 30, instead of 40, in late 2005, the winners of series two and three competed against each other for the title of Champion of Champions. Series one winner Bec Hewitt did not compete as she was pregnant at the time, ada Nicodemou and her partner Aric Yegudkin won the championship, defeating Tom Williams and his partner, Kym Johnson, based on the judges scores
36.
James T. Kirk
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James Tiberius Jim Kirk is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise. Kirk first appears in Star Trek, The Original Series and has portrayed in numerous films, books, comics, webisodes. As the captain of the starship USS Enterprise, Kirk leads his crew as they explore where no man has gone before, often, the characters of Spock and Leonard McCoy act as his logical and emotional sounding boards, respectively. Kirk, played by William Shatner, first appears in the broadcast pilot episode, The Man Trap, Shatner continued in the role for the shows three seasons, and later provided the voice of the animated version of Kirk in Star Trek, The Animated Series. Shatner returned to the role for Star Trek, The Motion Picture, chris Pine portrays a young version of the character in the 2009 reboot Star Trek film, with Jimmy Bennett playing Kirk as a child. Pine reprised his role in Star Trek Into Darkness and in Star Trek Beyond, other actors have played the character in fan-created media, and the character has been the subject of multiple spoofs and satires. The character has been praised for his leadership traits and criticized for his relationships with women, James Tiberius Kirk was born in Riverside, Iowa, where he was raised by his parents, George and Winona Kirk. Although born on Earth, Kirk lived for a time on Tarsus IV, James Kirks brother, George Samuel Kirk, is first mentioned in What Are Little Girls Made Of. and introduced and killed in Operation, Annihilate. Kirk was granted a commission as an ensign and posted to advanced training aboard the USS Republic. He was then promoted to lieutenant junior grade and returned to Starfleet Academy as a student instructor, students could either think or sink in his class, and Kirk himself was a stack of books with legs. Upon graduating in the top five percent, Kirk was promoted to lieutenant and he received his first command, a spaceship roughly equivalent to a destroyer, while still quite young. Kirk became Starfleets youngest captain after receiving command of the USS Enterprise for a five-year mission, Kirks most significant relationships in the television series are with first officer Spock and chief medical officer Dr. Leonard Bones McCoy. McCoy is someone to whom Kirk unburdens himself and is a foil to Spock, robert Jewett and John Shelton Lawrences The Myth of the American Superhero describes Kirk as a hard-driving leader who pushes himself and his crew beyond human limits. Terry J. Erdman and Paula M, although Kirk throughout the series becomes romantically involved with various women, when confronted with a choice between a woman and the Enterprise, his ship always won. Roddenberry wrote in a memo that Kirk is not afraid of being fallible. J. M. Dillards novel The Lost Years describes Kirks promotion to rear admiral, in Star Trek, The Motion Picture, Kirk is chief of Starfleet operations, and he takes command of the Enterprise from Captain Willard Decker. Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberrys novelization of The Motion Picture depicts Kirk married to a Starfleet officer killed during a transporter accident. At the beginning of Star Trek II, The Wrath of Khan, Kirk takes command of the Enterprise from Captain Spock to pursue his enemy from Space Seed, the movie introduces Kirks son, David Marcus
37.
J. J. Abrams
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Jeffrey Jacob J. J. Abrams is an American film director, producer, screenwriter, and composer. He is known for work in the genres of action, drama, Abrams wrote and/or produced feature films such as Regarding Henry, Forever Young, Armageddon, Cloverfield, and Star Wars, The Force Awakens. He created or co-created a number of TV drama series, including Felicity, Alias, Lost, Abrams won two Emmy Awards for Lost—Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series and Outstanding Drama Series. His directorial film work includes Star Trek and its sequel Star Trek Into Darkness, Mission, Impossible III, and Super 8. He also directed and co-wrote Star Wars, The Force Awakens, Abrams was born in New York City and raised in Los Angeles, the son of television producer Gerald W. Abrams and executive producer Carol Ann Abrams. His sister is screenwriter Tracy Rosen, Abramss first job in the movie business started at 15 when he wrote the music for Don Dohlers 1982 film Nightbeast. During his senior year at college, he teamed with Jill Mazursky to write a film treatment. Purchased by Touchstone Pictures, the treatment was the basis for Taking Care of Business, Abramss first produced film and he followed with Regarding Henry, starring Harrison Ford, and Forever Young, starring Mel Gibson. He also co-wrote with Mazursky the script for the comedy Gone Fishin starring Joe Pesci, Abrams worked on the screenplay for the 1998 film Armageddon with producer Jerry Bruckheimer and director Michael Bay. That same year, he made his first foray into television with Felicity and he also composed its opening theme music. Under his production company, Bad Robot, which he founded with Bryan Burk in 2001, Abrams created and executive-produced ABCs Alias and is co-creator and he later co-wrote the teleplay for Losts third season premiere A Tale of Two Cities. As with Felicity, Abrams also composed the theme music for Alias. In 2001, Abrams co-wrote and produced the thriller Joy Ride, in 2006, he served as executive producer of What About Brian and Six Degrees, also on ABC. Abrams directed and wrote the pilot for Lost and remained active producer for the first half of the season. That same year, he made his directorial debut in 2006 with Mission, Impossible III. Abrams spoke at the TED conference in 2007, in 2008, Abrams produced the monster movie Cloverfield. In 2009, he directed the fiction film Star Trek. In 2008, Abrams co-created, executive produced, and co-wrote the FOX science fiction series Fringe and he was featured in the 2009 MTV Movie Awards 1980s-style digital short Cool Guys Dont Look at Explosions, with Andy Samberg and Will Ferrell, in which he plays a keyboard solo
38.
Cash (2010 film)
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Cash is a 2010 American independent crime-thriller film directed by Stephen Milburn Anderson that stars Sean Bean and Chris Hemsworth. When a suitcase is thrown out of a car that is involved in a car chase and lands on the car of Sam Phelan, but then he finds the suitcase is loaded with money. After bringing the suitcase to his home, he convinces his wife Leslie that they should use the money. Meanwhile Pyke Kubic visits his twin brother Reese in jail, who tells him that he threw a suitcase with about half a million dollars from his car when he was being chased by the police, Pyke decides to go and find the money. After Pyke finds the Phelans, he asks for the money back and they return whatever money they have left after they bought a new car, furniture and other minor expenses. Pyke forces the Phelans to rob stores, in order to get him the amount of money the Phelans spent, after robbing over ten stores in the course of a few days, they are still short on the money, and Sam proposes to rob a bank. There he changes the gun without bullets which Pyke gave him with that of the guards, pykes car and his corpse are sent to a junkyard, where a worker is bribed into destroying the car and the body. The Phelans again keep the money, but return all they stole, unknown to them, Reese, who originally threw the cash out of his car, has been released from prison. The film opens with Ive Got a Thing for You and closes with To Hell With the Devil, during the film, Get On and the remix of Ive Got a Thing for You are used. Official website Ca$h at AllMovie Ca$h at the Internet Movie Database Ca$h at Box Office Mojo
39.
The Hollywood Reporter
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Headquartered in Los Angeles, THR is part of the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a group of properties that includes Billboard and SpinMedia. It is owned by Eldridge Industries, a company owned by an executive of its previous owner. Under Janice Min, a faltering THR was relaunched in 2010 as a weekly print magazine with a revamped, continuously updated website, as well as mobile. THR was founded in 1930 by William R, billy Wilkerson as Hollywoods first daily entertainment trade newspaper. The first edition appeared on September 3,1930, and featured Wilkersons front-page Tradeviews column, the newspaper appeared Monday to Saturday for the first 10 years, except for a brief period, then Monday to Friday from 1940. Wilkerson ran the THR until his death in September 1962, although his final column appeared 18 months prior, from the late 1930s, Wilkerson used THR to push the view that the industry was a communist stronghold. In particular, he opposed the screenplay writers trade union, the Screen Writers Guild, in 1946 the Guild considered creating an American Authors Authority to hold copyright for writers, instead of ownership passing to the studios. Wilkerson devoted his Tradeviews column to the issue on July 29,1946 and he went to confession before publishing it, knowing the damage it would cause, but was apparently encouraged by the priest to go ahead with it. The column contained the first industry names, including Dalton Trumbo and Howard Koch, on became the Hollywood blacklist. Eight of the 11 people Wilkerson named were among the Hollywood Ten who were blacklisted after hearings in 1947 by the House Un-American Activities Committee. In 1997 THR reporter David Robb wrote a story about the newspapers involvement, for the blacklists 65th anniversary in 2012, the THR published a lengthy investigative piece about Wilkersons role, by reporters Gary Baum and Daniel Miller. The same edition carried an apology from Wilkersons son, W. R. Wilkerson III and he wrote that his father had been motivated by revenge for his thwarted ambition to own a studio. Wilkersons wife, Tichi Wilkerson Kassel, took over as publisher and she sold the paper on April 11,1988, to Affiliated Publications, parent company of Billboard Publications, for $26.7 million. Robert J. Dowling became THR president in 1988 and editor-in-chief, Dowling brought in Alex Ben Block as editor in 1990, and editorial quality of both news and specials steadily improved. Block and Teri Ritzer dampened much of the coverage and cronyism that had infected the paper under Wilkerson. After Block left, former editor at Variety, Anita Busch, was brought in as editor between 1999 and 2001. Busch was credited with making the paper competitive with Variety, tony Uphoff assumed the publisher position in November 2005. Uphoff was replaced in October 2006 by John Kilcullen, the publisher of Billboard, Kilcullen was a defendant in Billboards infamous dildo lawsuit, in which he was accused of race discrimination and sexual harassment
40.
Marvel Comics
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Marvel Comics is the common name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc. formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, an American publisher of comic books and related media. In 2009, The Walt Disney Company acquired Marvel Entertainment, Marvel Worldwides parent company, Marvel started in 1939 as Timely Publications, and by the early 1950s had generally become known as Atlas Comics. Marvels modern incarnation dates from 1961, the year that the company launched The Fantastic Four and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko and many others. Most of Marvels fictional characters operate in a reality known as the Marvel Universe. Martin Goodman founded the later known as Marvel Comics under the name Timely Publications in 1939. Martin Goodman, a magazine publisher who had started with a Western pulp in 1933, was expanding into the emerging—and by then already highly popular—new medium of comic books. The issue was a success, with it and a second printing the following month selling, combined. While its contents came from an outside packager, Funnies, Inc, Timely had its own staff in place by the following year. It, too, proved a hit, with sales of one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc. beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941, Goodman hired his wifes cousin, Stanley Lieber, as a general office assistant in 1939. Lee wrote extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles, Goodmans business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55. As well, some covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12, were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961. The post-war American comic market saw superheroes falling out of fashion and this globe branding united a line put out by the same publisher, staff and freelancers through 59 shell companies, from Animirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas also published a plethora of childrens and teen humor titles, including Dan DeCarlos Homer the Happy Ghost, Atlas unsuccessfully attempted to revive superheroes from late 1953 to mid-1954, with the Human Torch, the Sub-Mariner, and Captain America. Atlas did not achieve any hits and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas survived chiefly because it produced work quickly, cheaply. During this time, the Comic Code Authority made its debut in September 1954, Wertham published the book Seduction of the Innocent in order to force people to see that comics were impacting American youth. He believed violent comics were causing children to be reckless and were turning them into delinquents, in September 1954, comic book publishers got together to set up their own self-censorship organization—the Comics Magazine Association of America—in order to appease audiences
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Superhero
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A female superhero is sometimes called a superheroine. Fiction centered on characters, especially in American comic books since the 1930s, is known as superhero fiction. By most definitions, characters do not require actual supernatural or superhuman powers or phenomena to be deemed superheroes, some superheroes use their powers to counter daily crime while also combating threats against humanity from supervillains, who are their criminal counterparts. Often at least one of these supervillains will be the superheros archenemy, some long-running superheroes such as Iron Man, Captain America, Superman, Wonder Woman, Batman, and Spider-Man have a rogues gallery of many villains. The word superhero dates to at least 1917, antecedents of the archetype include such folkloric heroes as Robin Hood, who adventured in distinctive clothing. The 1903 play The Scarlet Pimpernel and its spinoffs popularized the idea of a masked avenger, during the 1940s there were many superheroes, and only a few of these were female. The Flash, Green Lantern and Blue Beetle debuted in this era, most of the other female costumed crime-fighters during this era lacked superpowers. The most iconic comic book superheroine, who debuted during the Golden Age, is Wonder Woman, inspired by the Amazons of Greek mythology, she was created by psychologist William Moulton Marston, with help and inspiration from his wife Elizabeth and their mutual lover Olive Byrne. Wonder Womans first appearance was in All Star Comics #8, published by All-American Publications, in 1952, Osamu Tezukas manga Tetsuwan Atom was published. The series focused upon a robot boy built by a scientist to replace his deceased son, the 1950s saw the Silver Age of Comics. During this era DC introduced the likes of Batwoman in 1956, Supergirl, Miss Arrowette,1958 saw the debut of superhero Moonlight Mask on Japanese television. In 1963, Astro Boy was adapted into a highly influential anime television series, Phantom Agents in 1964 focused on ninjas working for the Japanese government and would be the foundation for Sentai-type series. Another important event was the debut of Mazinger Z by Go Nagai, Go Nagai also wrote the manga Cutey Honey in 1973, although the Magical Girl genre already existed, Nagais manga introduced Transformation sequences that would become a staple of Magical Girl media. The dark Skull Man manga would later get a television adaptation, the protagonist was redesigned resemble a grasshopper, becoming the renowned first masked hero of the Kamen Rider series. Kamen Rider is a motorcycle riding hero in an insect-like costume, both major publishers began introducing new superheroines with a more distinct feminist theme as part of their origin stories or character development. Examples include Big Barda, Power Girl, and the Huntress by DC comics, and from Marvel, the second Black Widow, Shanna the She-Devil, and The Cat. In 1975 Shotaro Ishinomoris Himitsu Sentai Gorenger debuted on what is now TV Asahi, it brought the concepts of multi-colored teams, in 1978, Toei adapted Spider-Man into a live-action series. In subsequent decades, popular characters like Dazzler, She-Hulk, Elektra, Catwoman, Witchblade, Spider-Girl, Batgirl, volume 4 of the X-Men comic book series featured an all-female team as part of the Marvel NOW. branding initiative in 2013
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Marvel Studios
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Previously, the studio was a subsidiary of Marvel Entertainment until The Walt Disney Company reorganized the companies in August 2015. X-Men and Spider-Man and other Marvel franchises are licensed out to 20th Century Fox and Sony Pictures, Marvel Studios has released 14 films since 2008 within the Marvel Cinematic Universe, from Iron Man to Doctor Strange. These films all share continuity with other, along with the One-Shots produced by the studio. During what is known as Marvels Timely era, Captain America was licensed out to Republic Pictures for a serial just for the free advertising, in the late 1970s up to the early 1990s, Marvel Entertainment Group sold options to studios to produce films based on Marvel Comics characters. Spider-Man, one of Marvel’s superheroes, was optioned in the late 1970s, from 1986 to 1996, most of Marvel’s major characters had been optioned, including the Fantastic Four, X-Men, Daredevil, Hulk, Silver Surfer, and Iron Man. A Howard the Duck film made it to the screen in 1986, New World Entertainment purchased MEG in November 1986 and moved to produce films based on the Marvel characters. It released The Punisher before MEG was sold to Ronald Perelmans Andrews Group, two other films were produced, Captain America released in the United Kingdom on screens and direct to video in the United States, and The Fantastic Four, not intended for release. Marvels rival DC Comics, on the hand, had success licensing its properties Superman and Batman into successful film franchises. New World was MEGs former parent corporation and later a subsidiary of the Andrews Group. Marvel Productions became New World Animation by 1993 as Marvel would start up Marvel Films including Marvel Films Animation, Marvel Films Animation shared Tom Tataranowicz with New World Animation as head of development and production. New World Animation, Saban, and Marvel Films Animation each produced a Marvel series for television for the 1996–1997 season and it was Marvel Films Animations only production. By the end of 1993, Arad and 20th Century Fox struck a deal to make a film based on the X-Men, New World Animation and Marvel Films Animation were sold along with the rest of New World by Andrews Group to News Corporation/Fox as announced in August 1996. As part of the deal, Marvel licensed the rights to Captain America, Daredevil and Silver Surfer to be on Fox Kids Network, New World Animation continued producing a second season of The Incredible Hulk for UPN. In August 1996, Marvel created Marvel Studios, an incorporation of Marvel Films, due to the sale of New World Communications Group, Marvels fellow Andrews Group subsidiary in film and television stations, to News Corporation/Fox. Toy Biz filed an offering of 7.5 million shares with a price of $20.125 at the time. Toy Biz sought to sell 1 million shares, and Marvel sought to sell 2.5 million shares. Jerry Calabrese, the president of Marvel Entertainment Group, and Avi Arad, head of Marvel Films, Arad said of the goal for control, When you get into business with a big studio, they are developing a hundred or 500 projects, you get totally lost. Were just not going to do it anymore, Marvel Studios arranged a seven-year development deal with 20th Century Fox to cover markets in the United States and internationally
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