1.
Fairport Harbor, Ohio
–
Fairport Harbor is a village in Lake County, Ohio, United States, along Lake Erie at the mouth of the Grand River. The population was 3,109 at the 2010 census and it is also the home of the Finnish Heritage Museum. Fairport Harbor is located at 41°45′1″N 81°16′24″W, within Painesville Township, according to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.11 square miles, of which 1.03 square miles is land and 0.08 square miles is water. As of the census of 2010, there were 3,109 people,1,427 households, the population density was 3,018.4 inhabitants per square mile. There were 1,677 housing units at a density of 1,628.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 94. 7% White,2. 1% African American,0. 2% Native American,0. 3% Asian,0. 6% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 2% of the population. 38. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.90. The median age in the village was 41 years. 20. 7% of residents were under the age of 18, 9% were between the ages of 18 and 24,25. 7% were from 25 to 44,29. 8% were from 45 to 64, and 14. 8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 48. 6% male and 51. 4% female, as of the census of 2000, there were 3,180 people,1,404 households, and 839 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,052.2 people per square mile, there were 1,546 housing units at an average density of 1,483.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 97. 96% White,0. 57% African American,0. 09% Native American,0. 16% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 13% from other races, and 1. 07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 38% of the population,15. 9% were of German,12. 3% Finnish,11. 5% Hungarian,11. 2% Irish,9. 3% Italian and 5. 2% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 95. 5% spoke English,2. 4% Finnish and 2. 1% Hungarian as their first language,34. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the family size was 2.90. In the village, the population was out with 23. 0% under the age of 18,8. 8% from 18 to 24,31. 4% from 25 to 44,22. 1% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males, the median income for a household in the village was $35,205, and the median income for a family was $45,142
2.
Otterbein University
–
Otterbein University is a small, highly residential, private, four-year liberal arts college in Westerville, Ohio, United States. It offers 74 majors and 44 minors as well as eight graduate programs, featured programs include engineering, business management, education, and music, as well as programs and pre-professional advising that prepare students for study in law and medicine. The university was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ, as a result of a division and two mergers involving the church, the university has since 1968 been associated with the United Methodist Church. The university is named for United Brethren founder the Rev. Philip William Otterbein, in 2010, its name reverted from Otterbein College to Otterbein University to reflect the increasing array of graduate and undergraduate programs offered. It is primarily an undergraduate institution with approximately 2,300 undergraduate and 450 graduate students on the campus, Otterbein has over 100 student organizations and a popular Greek presence. The schools mascot is Cardy the Cardinal and the school is a member of the Ohio Athletic Conference in Division III athletics, Otterbein University was founded in 1847 by the Church of the United Brethren in Christ. As a result of a division and two mergers involving the Church, the university has since 1968 been associated with the United Methodist Church, the University is named for United Brethren founder the Rev. Philip William Otterbein. The Otterbein campus is located in Westerville, Ohio and it sits between Alum Creek on the west and State Street on the east. West Home Street, which runs through the center of campus, is the address of most of the homes and student residence halls. The north end of the campus is home to most underclassman housing, overall, the Campus occupies 140 acres Towers Hall is the oldest building on campus and is designated as a national landmark. Towers Hall is a 55,619 square foot structure that was opened in 1871, a gallery of portraits of former Otterbein presidents is located on the second floor. Towers Hall houses the Departments of English, History and Political Science, Religion and Philosophy, Foreign Language, Sociology, the Frank Museum of Art houses Otterbeins collection of art from Africa, Japan and New Guinea. The museum is located in the former Church House of Lillian Frank, upon her death, the structure was given for the purpose of creating a museum for the Universitys collection. The building was built in 1877, opened as a museum in the winter 2004. The Rike Recreation Center is a complex containing a varsity basketball court, an in-door track and practice courts, a weight room. The complex also includes outdoor softball, baseball and soccer fields, the complex was completed in 1975 and has 72,500 square feet. The domed roof encloses an intercollegiate hardwood basketball floor with seating for 3,100, memorial Stadium is Otterbeins football stadium. The stadium contains state-of-the-art locker rooms, a room and an equipment room
3.
Broadcast journalism
–
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast, that is, published by electrical methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. Broadcast methods include radio, television and the World Wide Web, such media disperse pictures, visual text and sounds. Scripts for broadcast tend to be written differently from text to be read by the public, for instance, the former is generally less complex and more conversational. Radio and television are designed to be seen and heard sooner, Broadcast articles can be written as packages, readers, voice-overs and sound on tape. A sack is a set of video clips for a news story and is common on television. It is typically narrated by a reporter and it is a story with audio, video, graphics and video effects. The news anchor, or presenter, usually reads a lead-in before the package is aired and may conclude the story with additional information, a reader is an article read without accompanying video or sound. Sometimes an over the shoulder digital on-screen graphic is added, a voice-over, or VO, is a video article narrated by the anchor. Sound on tape, or SOT, is sound or video usually recorded in the field and it is usually an interview or soundbite. Radio was the first medium for broadcast journalism, many of the first radio stations were co-operative community radio ventures not making a profit. Later, radio advertising to pay for programs was pioneered in radio, later still, television displaced radio and newspapers as the main news sources for most of the public in industrialized countries. Some of the programming on radio is locally produced and some is broadcast by a network, for example. The talent talk to the audience, including reading the news, people tune in to hear engaging radio personalities, music, and information. In radio news, stories include speech soundbites, the sounds of events themselves. Some radio news might run for just four minutes, but contain 12–15 stories and these new bulletins must balance the desire for a broad overview of current events with the audiences limited capacity to focus on a large number of different stories. The radio industry has undergone a radical consolidation of ownership, with companies owning the thousands of stations. Large media conglomerates such as Clear Channel Communications own most of the stations in the United States. That has resulted in more niche formats and the sharing of resources within clusters of stations, de-emphasizing local news, there has been concern over whether this concentration serves the public
4.
NBCUniversal
–
NBCUniversal is an American multinational media conglomerate. It has a significant presence in broadcasting through a portfolio of domestic and international properties, including terrestrial, via the Universal Parks & Resorts division, the company is also the third-largest operator of amusement parks in the world. NBC Universal was formed on May 12,2004 by the merger of General Electrics National Broadcasting Company with Vivendis Vivendi Universal Entertainment, as of March 19,2013, it is wholly owned by Comcast who bought GEs ownership stake. NBC and Universal Television had a long-standing partnership dating back to 1950 and this partnership continued throughout a number of name changes and changes of ownership. NBC Universal Television has its roots in a series of expansions undertaken by NBC. In the late 1980s, NBC began pursuing a strategy of diversification, NBC also had partial ownership of several regional sports channels and other cable channels such as American Movie Classics and Court TV. In 1995, NBC began operating NBC Desktop Video, a news service that delivered live video to personal computers. The following year, NBC announced an agreement with Microsoft to create an all-news cable television channel, a separate joint venture with Microsoft included establishing a news website, MSNBC. com. In 1998, NBC partnered with Dow Jones & Co, the two companies combined their financial news channels outside the US. The new networks included NBC Europe, CNBC Europe, NBC Asia, CNBC Asia, NBC Africa, in 1999, NBC took a 32% stake in the Paxson group, operator of PAX TV. Five years later, NBC decided to sell its interest in PAX TV and end its relationship with PAX owner, in 2001, NBC acquired the US Spanish-language broadcaster Telemundo, which included the bilingual Mun2 Television. That same year NBC acquired the cable channel Bravo, the sale and resulting merger formed NBC Universal. The new company was 80% owned by GE, and 20% owned by Vivendi, Universal Music Group was not included in the deal and is not part of NBC Universal. On August 2,2004, the divisions of NBC. NBC Studios series bought into the company include the NBC dramas Las Vegas, Crossing Jordan, Universal Network Television bought the Law & Order franchise and The District—in fact, Universal Network Television had co-produced American Dreams with NBC before the merger. Entertainment shows produced by the new group include The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, Last Call with Carson Daly, and Saturday Night Live. The formation of NBC Universal saw the establishment of NBC Universal Cable, which oversees the distribution, marketing, NBC Universal Cable also manages the companys investments in The Weather Channel and TiVo. The cable division also used to operate NBC Weather Plus until 2008 and it also owned a 50% stake in Canal+ and also owned a 15% stake in A+E Networks until 2012
5.
Comcast
–
Comcast Corporation is an American global telecommunications conglomerate that is the largest broadcasting and cable television company in the world by revenue. Comcast services U. S. residential and commercial customers in 40 states, the companys headquarters are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The first Universal theme park outside of the U. S, Universal Studios Japan, opened in 2001, followed by Universal Studios Singapore in 2011. Few new locations are being planned or developed for future operation, Comcast also has significant holdings in digital distribution. In February 2014 the company agreed to merge with Time Warner Cable in an equity swap deal worth $45.2 billion, under the terms of the agreement Comcast was to acquire 100% of Time Warner Cable. However, on April 24,2015, Comcast terminated the agreement, Comcast has been criticized for multiple reasons, the companys customer satisfaction often ranks among the lowest in the cable industry. Critics also point out a lack of competition in the vast majority of Comcasts service area, furthermore, given Comcasts negotiating power as a large ISP, some suspect that Comcast could leverage paid peering agreements to unfairly influence end-user connection speeds. And its ownership of content production and content distribution has raised antitrust concerns. These issues, in addition to others, led to Comcast being dubbed The Worst Company in America by The Consumerist in 2010 and 2014. Despite being publicly-traded, Comcast is a business, with the Ralph J Roberts family owning 33% controlling stake. Comcast is sometimes described as a family business, Brian L. Roberts, Chairman, President, and CEO of Comcast, is the son of co-founder Ralph Roberts. Roberts owns or controls just over 1% of all Comcast shares but all of the Class B supervoting shares, legal expert Susan P. Crawford has said this gives him effective control over every step. In 2010, he was one of the highest paid executives in the United States, Comcast is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and also has corporate offices in Atlanta, Detroit, Denver, and Manchester, New Hampshire. On January 3,2005, Comcast announced that it would become the tenant in the new Comcast Center in downtown Philadelphia. The 975 ft skyscraper is the tallest building in Pennsylvania, Comcast has begun construction on a second 1,121 ft skyscraper directly adjacent to the original Comcast headquarters in the summer of 2014. The company is criticized by both the media and its own staff for its less upstanding policies regarding employee relations. A2012 Reddit post written by an anonymous Comcast call center employee eager to share their experiences with the public received attention from publications including The Huffington Post. A2014 investigative series published by The Verge involved interviews with 150 of Comcasts employees and it sought to examine why the company has become so widely criticized by its customers, the media and even members of its own staff
6.
NBC News
–
NBC News is a division of the American broadcast network NBC. The division operates under NBCUniversal News Group, a subsidiary of NBCUniversal, the groups various operations report to the president of NBC News, Noah Oppenheim. NBC News aired the first news program in American broadcast television history on February 21,1940, the groups broadcasts are produced and aired from 30 Rockefeller Center, NBCs headquarters in New York City. The division presides over Americas number-one-rated newscast, NBC Nightly News, NBC News also offers 70 years of rare historic footage from the NBCUniversal Archives online. NBC News operates a 24-hour cable news network known as MSNBC, the cable network shares staff and editorial control with NBC News. The first American television newscast in history was made by NBC News on February 21,1940, anchored by Lowell Thomas, due to wartime restrictions, there were no live telecasts of the 1944 conventions, although films of the events were reportedly shown over WNBT the next day. In 1948, NBC teamed up with Life magazine to provide election night coverage of President Harry S. Trumans surprising victory over New York governor Thomas E. Dewey, the television audience was small, but NBCs share in New York was double that of any other outlet. The following year, the Camel News Caravan, anchored by John Cameron Swayze, lacking the graphics and technology of later years, it nonetheless contained many of the elements of modern newscasts. NBC hired its own crews and in the programs early years, it dominated CBSs competing program. In 1950, David Brinkley began serving as the programs Washington correspondent, in 1955, the Camel News Caravan fell behind CBSs Douglas Edwards with the News, and Swayze lost the already tepid support of NBC executives. The following year, NBC replaced the program with the Huntley-Brinkley Report, beginning in 1951, NBC News was managed by director of news Bill McAndrew, who reported to vice president of news and public affairs J. Davidson Taylor. Television assumed a prominent role in American family life in the late 1950s. NBC president Robert Kintner provided the division with ample amounts of both financial resources and air time. Created by producer Reuven Frank, NBCs Huntley-Brinkley Report had its debut on October 29,1956, during much of its 14-year run, it exceeded the viewership levels of its CBS News competition, anchored initially by Douglas Edwards and, beginning in April 1962, by Walter Cronkite. Senator to observe later, When I think of Little Rock, in an era when space missions rated continuous coverage, NBC configured its largest studio, Studio 8H, for space coverage. NBCs coverage of the first moon landing in 1969 earned the network an Emmy Award, in the late 1950s, Kintner reorganized the chain of command at the network, making Bill McAndrew president of NBC News, reporting directly to Kintner. McAndrew served in that position until his death in 1968, McAndrew was succeeded by his executive vice president, producer Reuven Frank, who held the position until 1973. On November 22,1963, NBC interrupted various programs on its stations at 1,45 p. m. to announce that President John F. Kennedy had been shot in Dallas, Texas
7.
MSNBC
–
MSNBC is an American basic cable and satellite television network that provides news coverage and political commentary from NBC News on current events. The network also carries a nightly programming block during prime time hours. It is owned by the NBCUniversal News Group, a unit of the NBCUniversal Television Group division of NBCUniversal, MSNBC and msnbc. com were founded in 1996 as a partnership between Microsoft and General Electrics NBC unit, hence the networks naming. As of February 2015, approximately 94,531,000 households have the ability to receive MSNBC within the United States of America, in the late summer of 2015, MSNBC revamped its programming. The moves were in sharp contrast to previous programming decisions at the network, along with this, moves were made to sharpen the channels news image through a dual editorial relationship with its organizational parent NBC News. MSNBC Live, the flagship daytime news platform was expanded to cover over eight hours of the day. Phil Griffin currently serves as the president and director of operations at the cable network. Pat Burkey, Janelle Rodriguez, and Jonathan Wald oversee programming and news operations at the network, MSNBC was established by NBC executive Tom Rogers. Rogers was instrumental in developing the partnership with Microsoft, which invested $221 million for a 50% share of the cable channel. MSNBC and Microsoft would share the cost of a $200 million newsroom in Secaucus, New Jersey, the network took over the channel space of NBCs 18-month-old Americas Talking network, though in most cases cable carriage had to be negotiated with providers who never carried AT. MSNBC was launched on July 15,1996, the first show, which was anchored by Jodi Applegate, broadcast a lineup of news, interviews, and opinions. Stories were generally longer and more detailed than the running on CNN at the time. NBC also highlighted their broadcast connections by airing stories direct from the NBC network affiliates, gradually, MSNBC began to put more emphasis on politics. The Project for Excellence in Journalism found in 2007 after a survey of cable channels that MSNBC is moving to make politics a brand, with a large dose of opinion. In January 2001, Mike Barnicle got a show on MSNBC, in June, in a sign of continuing trouble at MSNBC, Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said that he would not have started MSNBC if he knew then what he knows now. After the September 11,2001 attacks, MSNBC served as an outlet for NBC News to provide up-to-the-minute coverage, CNBC and CNBC Europe, with little financial news to report, ran MSNBC for many hours of the day following the attacks. The year also boosted the profile of Ashleigh Banfield, who was present during the collapse of Building 7 while covering the World Trade Center on September 11 and her Region In Conflict program capitalized on her newfound celebrity and showcased exclusive interviews from Afghanistan. NBC would have the option, which it exercised, to buy the remaining 18% share of the television from Microsoft after two years
8.
Brian Williams
–
Williams is known for his ten years as anchor and managing editor of NBC Nightly News, the evening news program of the NBC television network. Six months after Williams joined the program in December 2004, NBC News was awarded the Peabody Award for its coverage of the Hurricane Katrina story. In February 2015, Williams was suspended for six months, born in Ridgewood, New Jersey, Williams was raised in a boisterous Irish Catholic home. He is the son of Dorothy May and Gordon Lewis Williams and his mother was an amateur stage actress. Williams is the youngest of four siblings and he lived in Elmira, New York for nine years before moving to Middletown, New Jersey, when he was in junior high school. Williams graduated from Mater Dei High School, a Roman Catholic high school in the New Monmouth section of Middletown, while in high school, he was a volunteer firefighter for three years at the Middletown Township Fire Department. Also while in school, he was the Editorial Editor for the school newspaper. He suffered an accident during a game which left him with a crooked nose. His first job was as a busboy at Perkins Pancake House, after high school Williams attended Brookdale Community College, after which he transferred to The Catholic University of America and then The George Washington University. He did not graduate, and instead interned with the administration of President Jimmy Carter and he later called leaving college one of his great regrets. Williams first worked in broadcasting in 1981 at KOAM-TV in Pittsburg, the following year he covered news in the Washington, D. C. area at then-independent station WTTG, then worked in Philadelphia for WCAU, at that time a CBS Owned-and-Operated station. Beginning in 1987 he broadcast in New York City at WCBS, Williams joined NBC News in 1993, where he anchored the national Weekend Nightly News and was chief White House correspondent. In the summer of 1996 he began serving as anchor and managing editor of The News with Brian Williams, Williams also served as primary substitute anchor for Tom Brokaw on The NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw, and the Weekend anchor of that news broadcast. Williams became anchor of NBC Nightly News on December 2,2004 and his and NBCs Katrina coverage was widely praised, and Williams in particular was applauded for venting his anger and frustration over the governments failure to act quickly to help the victims. NBC Nightly News also earned the George Polk Award and the duPont-Columbia University Award for its Katrina coverage, vanity Fair called Williams work on Katrina Murrow-worthy and reported that during the hurricane he became a nations anchor. The New York Times characterized Williams reporting of the hurricane as a defining moment, in 2007, Time magazine named Williams one of the 100 most influential people in the world. In 2009, Williams was awarded the Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism by Arizona State University, at the announcement of the award, Cronkite said he was one of Williamss ardent admirers and described him as a fastidious newsman who brought credit to the television news reporting profession. Since he began anchoring the Nightly News, Williams has received 12 News & Documentary Emmy Awards
9.
Jansing and Company
–
Jansing and Company is a weekday morning news and information program that aired on msnbc from 2010 to 2014. The show aired weekdays at 10 am ET, chris Jansing hosted the program with Richard Lui serving as in-studio correspondent. The show debuted on Monday October 4,2010 and served as the beginning of msnbcs dayside news coverage, the show ended on June 13,2014, when Jansing became NBCs Senior White House Correspondent. Official webpage Jansing & Company on Internet Movie Database Jansing & Company on TV. com
10.
Roman Catholic
–
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church or the Universal Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.28 billion members worldwide. As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history, headed by the Bishop of Rome, known as the Pope, the churchs doctrines are summarised in the Nicene Creed and the Apostles Creed. Its central administration is located in Vatican City, enclaved within Rome, the Catholic Church is notable within Western Christianity for its sacred tradition and seven sacraments. It teaches that it is the one church founded by Jesus Christ, that its bishops are the successors of Christs apostles. The Catholic Church maintains that the doctrine on faith and morals that it declares as definitive is infallible. The Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic Churches, as well as such as mendicant orders and enclosed monastic orders. Among the sacraments, the one is the Eucharist, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest the sacrificial bread and wine become the body, the Catholic Church practises closed communion, with only baptised members in a state of grace ordinarily permitted to receive the Eucharist. The Virgin Mary is venerated in the Catholic Church as Queen of Heaven and is honoured in numerous Marian devotions. The Catholic Church has influenced Western philosophy, science, art and culture, Catholic spiritual teaching includes spreading the Gospel while Catholic social teaching emphasises support for the sick, the poor and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church is the largest non-government provider of education and medical services in the world, from the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticised for its doctrines on sexuality, its refusal to ordain women and its handling of sexual abuse cases. Catholic was first used to describe the church in the early 2nd century, the first known use of the phrase the catholic church occurred in the letter from Saint Ignatius of Antioch to the Smyrnaeans, written about 110 AD. In the Catechetical Discourses of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem, the name Catholic Church was used to distinguish it from other groups that call themselves the church. The use of the adjective Roman to describe the Church as governed especially by the Bishop of Rome became more widespread after the Fall of the Western Roman Empire and into the Early Middle Ages. Catholic Church is the name used in the Catechism of the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church follows an episcopal polity, led by bishops who have received the sacrament of Holy Orders who are given formal jurisdictions of governance within the church. Ultimately leading the entire Catholic Church is the Bishop of Rome, commonly called the pope, in parallel to the diocesan structure are a variety of religious institutes that function autonomously, often subject only to the authority of the pope, though sometimes subject to the local bishop. Most religious institutes only have male or female members but some have both, additionally, lay members aid many liturgical functions during worship services
11.
Hungarian Americans
–
Hungarian Americans are Americans of Hungarian descent. In 1583, a Hungarian poet Stephanus Parmenius joined Humphrey Gilberts expedition to North America with the intention of writing a chronicle of the voyage, Parmenius reached Newfoundland, likely becoming the first Hungarian in the New World. Hungarians have long settled in the New World, such as Michael de Kovats, Hungarians have maintained a constant state of emigration to the United States since then, however, they are best known for three principle waves of emigration. He is widely remembered today as the Father of California Viticulture or the Father of Modern Winemaking in California, lajos Kossuth gave a seven-month speaking tour of the US in 1851 and 1852 to great acclaim as a champion of liberty, thereby unleashing a brief outburst of pro-Hungarian emotions. He left embittered because his refusal to oppose slavery alienated his natural constituency, by 1860,2,710 Hungarians lived in the US, and at least 99 of them fought in the Civil War. Their motivations were not so much antislavery as a belief in democracy, a taste for adventure, validation of their military credentials, and solidarity with their American neighbors. Unlike the educated classes who formed the core of the 1849 wave, the majority of the 2 million immigrants from the Kingdom of Hungary were not ethnic Hungarians but belonged to the Slavic, Romanian or German minorities. An increase of immigration from Hungary was also observed after World War II and The Holocaust, the circumstances of the third wave of emigration had much in common with the first wave. In 1956, Hungary was again under the power of a state, this time the Soviet Union. There was a renewed economic migration after the end of communism in Hungary during the 1990s to 2000s, other places with over 10% are Fairport Harbor, Ohio and West Pike Run Township, Pennsylvania. About one hundred other municipalities have more than 5% of Hungarian-American residents, Wallingford, Connecticut, has a vibrant Hungarian-American Club and community. In entertainment, Szőke Szakáll, known as S. Z. Sakall, was a Hungarian film character actor and he was in many films including In the Good Old Summertime, Lullaby of Broadway, Christmas in Connecticut and Casablanca in which he played Carl, the head waiter. The comic style of Ernie Kovacs influenced numerous television programs for years to come. The Fox Film Corporation was formed by William Fox, actress Vilma Bánky starred in numerous silent films opposite Hollywood legends such as Rudolph Valentino and Ronald Colman. Actress Drew Barrymores mother is Hungarian, actor Tony Curtis has been in over 100 films, including his iconic roles in Some Like It Hot and The Defiant Ones. Actress Jessica Szohr of Gossip Girl is of partial Hungarian descent, actor Peter Lorre became famous after his role as a murderer in Fritz Langs M and went on to play many antagonistic villain roles. Legendary actor Béla Lugosi played Count Dracula in the stage version, actress Ilona Massey was frequently billed as the new Dietrich and famously played the role of a femme fatale in Love Happy. Sex symbol Zsa Zsa Gabor was perhaps known for her status as a socialite
12.
Bachelor of Arts
–
A Bachelor of Arts is a bachelors degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both. Bachelor of Arts degree programs take three to four years depending on the country, academic institution, and specific specializations, majors or minors. The word baccalaureus or baccalarium should not be confused with baccalaureatus, degree diplomas generally are printed on high-quality paper or parchment, individual institutions set the preferred abbreviation for their degrees. In Pakistan, the Bachelor of Arts degree can also be attained within two years as an external degree, in colleges and universities in Australia, New Zealand, Nepal and South Africa, the BA degree can be taken over three years of full-time study. Unlike in other countries, students do not receive a grade for their Bachelor of Arts degree with varying levels of honours. Qualified students may be admitted, after they have achieved their Bachelors program with an overall grade point average. Thus, to achieve a Bachelor Honours degree, a postgraduate year. A student who holds a Honours degree is eligible for entry to either a Doctorate or a very high research Master´s degree program. Education in Canada is controlled by the Provinces and can be different depending on the province in Canada. Canadian universities typically offer a 3-year Bachelor of Arts degrees, in many universities and colleges, Bachelor of Arts degrees are differentiated either as Bachelors of Arts or as honours Bachelor of Arts degree. The honours degrees are designated with the abbreviation in brackets of. It should not be confused with the consecutive Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours, Latin Baccalaureatus in Artibus Cum Honore, BA hon. de jure without brackets and with a dot. It is a degree, which is considered to be the equivalent of a corresponding maîtrise degree under the French influenced system. Going back in history, a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree was called a pass degree or general degree. Students may be required to undertake a long high-quality research empirical thesis combined with a selection of courses from the relevant field of studies. The consecutive B. cum Honore degree is essential if students ultimate goal is to study towards a two- or three-year very high research masters´ degree qualification. A student holding a Baccalaureatus Cum Honore degree also may choose to complete a Doctor of Philosophy program without the requirement to first complete a masters degree, over the years, in some universities certain Baccalaureatus cum Honore programs have been changed to corresponding master´s degrees. In general, in all four countries, the B. A. degree is the standard required for entry into a masters programme, in science, a BA hons degree is generally a prerequisite for entrance to a Ph. D program or a very-high-research-activity master´s programme
13.
Columbus, Ohio
–
Columbus is the capital and largest city of the U. S. state of Ohio. It is the 15th-largest city in the United States, with a population of 850,106 as of 2015 estimates and this makes Columbus the fourth-most populous state capital in the United States, and the third-largest city in the Midwestern United States. It is the city of the Columbus, Ohio, Metropolitan Statistical Area. With a population of 2,021,632, it is Ohios third-largest metropolitan area, Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. The city proper has also expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County, named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. As of 2013, the city has the headquarters of five corporations in the U. S, fortune 500, Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company, American Electric Power, L Brands, Big Lots, and Cardinal Health. In 2012, Columbus was ranked in BusinessWeeks 50 best cities in America. In 2013, Forbes gave Columbus an A rating as one of the top cities for business in the U. S. and later that included the city on its list of Best Places for Business. Columbus was also ranked as the No.1 up-and-coming tech city in the nation by Forbes in 2008, and the city was ranked a top-ten city by Relocate America in 2010. In 2007, fDi Magazine ranked the city no.3 in the U. S. for cities of the future, and the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium was rated no.1 in 2009 by USA Travel Guide. The area including modern-day Columbus once comprised the Ohio Country, under the control of the French colonial empire through the Viceroyalty of New France from 1663 until 1763. In the 18th century, European traders flocked to the area, the area found itself frequently caught between warring factions, including American Indian and European interests. In the 1740s, Pennsylvania traders overran the territory until the French forcibly evicted them, in the early 1750s, the Ohio Company sent George Washington to the Ohio Country to survey. Fighting for control of the territory in the French and Indian War became part of the international Seven Years War, during this period, the region routinely suffered turmoil, massacres, and battles. The 1763 Treaty of Paris ceded the Ohio Country to the British Empire, after the American Revolution, the Ohio Country became part of the Virginia Military District, under the control of the United States. Colonists from the East Coast moved in, but rather finding a empty frontier, they encountered people of the Miami, Delaware, Wyandot, Shawnee. The tribes resisted expansion by the fledgling United States, leading to years of bitter conflict, the decisive Battle of Fallen Timbers resulted in the Treaty of Greenville, which finally opened the way for new settlements. By 1797, a surveyor from Virginia named Lucas Sullivant had founded a permanent settlement on the west bank of the forks of the Scioto River
14.
Ticonderoga, New York
–
Ticonderoga is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. The population was 5,042 at the 2010 census, the name comes from the Mohawk tekontaró, ken, meaning it is at the junction of two waterways. The town of Ticonderoga is in the corner of the county and is south of Plattsburgh. The crossing between Lakes George and Champlain had been used by natives for thousands of years, in the 17th century, French explorers such as Samuel de Champlain explored the area. The town was located on the route, utilizing rivers. The town was the setting for historic battles and maneuvers during both the French and Indian War and the American Revolutionary War. Fort Ticonderoga, constructed by the French, who called it Fort Carillon, in the 1750s, the town of Ticonderoga was formed in 1804 from part of the town of Crown Point. By the end of the 18th century, the town was noted for wood products such as paper, the position of the now former Ticonderoga village at the north end of Lake George made it an important port. Historic Fort Ticonderoga is in town, east of the former village of Ticonderoga. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 88.5 square miles, of which 81.4 square miles is land and 7.0 square miles. The town encompasses both the end of Lake George and a portion of Lake Champlain near its southern end. The short, but rapidly flowing, La Chute River connects the two lakes, the east town line is the border of Vermont, and the south town line is the county line of Warren County and Washington County. New York State Route 9N is a north-south highway, another north-south highway, New York State Route 22, is partly conjoined with NY-9N in the town. New York State Route 74, an east-west highway, intersects NY-9N/NY-22 near Ticonderoga village, as of the census of 2010, there were 5,042 people,2,028 households, and 1,352 families residing in the town. The population density was 63.2 people per square mile, there were 2,581 housing units at an average density of 31.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 98. 08% White,0. 46% African American,0. 31% Native American,0. 27% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 41% of the population. 28. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.04. In the town, the population was out with 26. 7% under the age of 18,6. 5% from 18 to 24,26. 2% from 25 to 44,24. 4% from 45 to 64
15.
WNYT (TV)
–
WNYT is the NBC-affiliated television station for the Capital District of New York State and Western New England. Licensed to Albany, it broadcasts a high definition signal on VHF channel 12 from a transmitter on the Helderberg Escarpment west of New Salem. The station began broadcasting on February 17,1954, as CBS affiliate WTRI, licensed to Troy, the station was co-owned by Van Curler Broadcasting, a unit of the Stanley Warner Theaters chain, and Troy Broadcasting Company, owner of WTRY radio. Its studio was located alongside its transmitter on Bald Mountain in the town of Brunswick, the station lost its CBS affiliation to Albany’s WROW-TV in January 1955. Logically, it should have taken over WROW-TVs ABC affiliation, however, ABC balked, forcing WTRI off the air. Van Curler purchased Troy Broadcastings stake in WTRI and returned the station to the air in 1956 as an ABC affiliate, in 1958, Van Curler sought Federal Communications Commission permission to move the license to Albany, on channel 13. By this time, the market had expanded to not only east-central New York. Not only is this one of the largest east of the Mississippi River. UHF stations have never covered large areas or rugged terrain very well, Van Curler thus jumped at a chance to move to the stronger VHF band. The FCC granted the request, and in December, the station new call letters. As part of a realignment, WKTV inUtica moved from channel 13 to channel 2. Originally, the station had wanted to take the call sign WTAS, shortly after the upgrade, WAST moved to a converted warehouse on the Albany/Menands line on North Pearl Street, which previously housed Selective Service records. Channel 13 still operates from this location today, despite the increased transmitter power, WASTs signal was still significantly weaker in some portions of the Capital District market than its competitors, particularly in the southern portion. The other stations in the market had their transmitters on the Helderberg Escarpment and this forced WAST to build several translators to expand its coverage. In 1969, Van Curler sold WAST to Sonderling Broadcasting, on October 23,1977, the station switched affiliations with WTEN and became the Capital Districts CBS affiliate. In 1978, Viacom purchased Sonderling, making WAST the companys first television station holding, on September 28,1981, WAST swapped affiliations with WRGB and became the areas NBC affiliate. Seeking a fresh start and a new identity, Viacom decided to mark the change with the current call sign of WNYT. It is one of the few stations in the United States to have been an affiliate of all of the big three networks
16.
Albany, New York
–
Albany is the capital of the U. S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County. Roughly 150 miles north of New York City, Albany developed on the west bank of the Hudson River, the population of the City of Albany was 97,856 according to the 2010 census. With a Census-estimated population of 98,4242013, the Capital District is the third-most populous metropolitan region in the state and 38th in the United States. Fortune 500 companies that have offices in Albany include American Express, J. P. Morgan and Chase, Merrill Lynch, General Electric, Verizon, Goldman Sachs, International Paper, and Key Bank. In the 21st century, the Capital District has emerged as an anchor of Tech Valley. This was the first European settlement in the state, settled by Dutch colonists who built Fort Nassau for fur trading in 1614 and they formed successful relations with both the Mahican and the Mohawk peoples, two major Native American nations in the region. The fur trade attracted settlers who founded a village called Beverwijck near Fort Orange, in 1664 the English took over the Dutch settlements, renaming the city as Albany, in honor of the then Duke of Albany, the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland. The city was chartered in 1686 under English rule. It became the capital of New York State in 1797, following the United States gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War, Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies, and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. Its charter is possibly the longest-running instrument of government in the Western Hemisphere. During the late 18th century and throughout most of the 19th, Albany was a center of trade, Albanys main exports at the time were beer, lumber, published works, and ironworks. Beginning in 1810, Albany was one of the ten most populous cities in the United States, in the 20th century, the city opened one of the first commercial airports in the world, the precursor of todays Albany International Airport. During the 1920s a powerful political machine controlled by the Democratic Party arose in the state capital and it marshalled the power of immigrants and their descendants in both cities. In the early 21st century, Albany has experienced growth in the high-technology industry, Albany has been a center of higher education for over a century, with much of the remainder of its economy dependent on state government and health care services. The city has rebounded from the decline of the 1970s and 1980s. Albany is known for its history, commerce, culture, architecture. Albany won the All-America City Award in both 1991 and 2009, Albany is one of the oldest surviving European settlements from the original thirteen colonies and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. The Hudson River area was inhabited by Algonquian-speaking Mohican, who called it Pempotowwuthut-Muhhcanneuw
17.
Today (U.S. TV program)
–
Today, also called The Today Show, is an American news and talk morning television show that airs on NBC. The program debuted on January 14,1952 and it was the first of its genre on American television and in the world, and is the fifth-longest-running American television series. Originally a two-hour program on weekdays, it expanded to Sundays in 1987, the weekday broadcast expanded to three hours in 2000, and to four hours in 2007. Todays dominance was virtually unchallenged by the other networks until the late 1980s, Today has maintained its No.2 status since the summer of 2012 each year behind GMA. In 2002, Today was ranked No.17 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, the shows first broadcast aired on January 14,1952. It was the brainchild of Sylvester B, Pat Weaver, Jr. who was then vice president of NBC. Weaver was president of the company from 1953 to 1955, during which time Todays late-night companion The Tonight Show premiered, in pre-production, the shows proposed title was The Rise and Shine Revue. Today was the first program of its genre when it premiered with original host Dave Garroway, the program blended national news headlines, interviews with newsmakers, lifestyle features, other light news and gimmicks, and local news updates from the networks stations. It has spawned several other shows of a type, including ABCs Good Morning America. In other countries, the format was copied – most notably in the United Kingdom with the BBCs Breakfast Time and TV-ams Good Morning Britain, and in Canada with Canada AM on CTV. When Today debuted, it was seen only in the Eastern and Central time zones. Since 1958, Today has been tape-delayed for the five other U. S. time zones, partly to accommodate host Dave Garroways declining health, the program ceased live broadcasts in the summer of 1958, opting instead to broadcast an edition taped the previous afternoon. The experiment, which drew criticism from many sides, ended when John Chancellor replaced Garroway in July 1961, a fourth hour was eventually added on September 10,2007. NBC stations in some markets air the third and fourth hours of Today on tape delay, WHDH in Boston, Massachusetts was an NBC station that would follow this practice to accommodate an hour of local news at 9,00 am. On January 1,2017, the NBC affiliation in Boston moved to a new owned-and-operated station, WBTS, which airs the third and fourth hours of Today at its regular 9,00 am and 10,00 am timeslots. Generally, the program live in the Eastern Time Zone. When breaking news stories warrant, Today will broadcast a live West Coast edition, the live updates typically do not last longer than the 7,00 a. m. hour and once completed, will return to the taped East Coast feed. When the anchors welcome the viewers to the show, they note the current time as being Pacific Time
18.
NBC Nightly News
–
NBC Nightly News is the flagship daily evening television news program for NBC News, the news division of the NBC television network in the United States. NBC Nightly News is produced from Studio 3B at NBC Studios at 30 Rockefeller Center in New York City, since 2015, the broadcast has been anchored by Lester Holt on weeknights, José Díaz-Balart on Saturday and Kate Snow on Sunday. Previous weekday anchors have included David Brinkley, John Chancellor, Tom Brokaw and its current theme music, The Mission was composed by John Williams. NBC Nightly News replaced the Huntley-Brinkley Report in August 1970 upon Chet Huntleys retirement, at first, David Brinkley, John Chancellor, and Frank McGee rotated duties as anchors. At least one, usually two, and very rarely all three anchored the program on a given night, Brinkleys appearances were always from Washington and McGees were always from New York. Chancellor moved between two cities depending on his partner for the evening. Chancellor became the anchor of the program on August 9,1971, with Brinkley providing a three-minute commentary segment, David Brinkleys Journal. On June 7,1976, NBC brought Brinkley back to the anchor desk, initially, Chancellor and Brinkley both reported from New York City, however Brinkley would later return to Washington. After stepping down from the desk on April 2,1982. On April 5,1982, Tom Brokaw, who had been serving as anchor of Today since 1976, joined the program and took over duties in New York City. Among other news items, he covered the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, EDSA Revolution, Loma Prieta earthquake, the fall of the Berlin Wall, as anchor, Brokaw conducted the first one-on-one American television interviews with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and Russian President Vladimir Putin. He was the network anchor in Berlin when the Berlin Wall fell. Brokaws presence slowly attracted viewers, and during the 1990s, Nightly News battled for the lead with World News Tonight. He and Katie Couric hosted a prime-time newsmagazine, Now with Tom Brokaw and Katie Couric, by 1997, NBC Nightly News had solidified its first place standing in the ratings, a spot it would retain solely for ten years. The once-dominant CBS Evening News, anchored by Dan Rather, had lost a portion of the audience it held during the Walter Cronkite era. Following the collapse of the tower, Brokaw said, In May 2002, Brokaw announced his retirement as anchor of Nightly News. Brokaws final broadcast took place on December 1,2004, ending 22 years on the Nightly News desk, Brian Williams, a frequent substitute for Brokaw for NBC Nightly News, succeeded him as the programs permanent anchor on December 2,2004. However, NBC Nightly News regained the lead a few months later, Williams rose to new levels of popularity for his live spot reporting during and after the 2005 hurricane season
19.
Los Angeles
–
Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
20.
Richard Lui
–
Richard Lui is an American journalist and news anchor for MSNBC and NBC News. He was formerly at CNN Worldwide, Lui’s enterprise reporting has focused on humanitarian issues including gender equality, human trafficking, and affordable housing. His charity work in the spaces has led him to work with Plan International USA as a global ambassador for its Because I am a Girl campaign. He also is ambassador for the Epilepsy Foundation, and sits on the council for America’s largest food source to the poor. Lui’s work and reporting on humanitarian issues spans 30 years and six continents and he has received civil rights awards from organizations including AAJA, WWAAC, and OCA. Lui is a columnist, contributing to publications including USA Today, Politico, The Seattle Times, Detroit Free Press and his speaking spans six continents and some 200 events in the last several years. Twitter Counter places his following in the top 1%, Lui anchors Early Today on NBC and is dayside anchor for MSNBC at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. At CNN Worldwide he became the first Asian American male to anchor a daily, national cable news show when he solo anchored the 10am hour on CNN Headline News. Mediaite ranked Lui among the top 100 in News Buzz on its “Power Grid Influence Index of TV Anchors and Hosts” and one of “The 50 Sexiest in TV News. ”Before journalism, Lui spent 15 years in business with Fortune 500 and tech companies. He is patent holder and co-founder of the first bank-centric payment system which was seed-funded and incubated by Citibank, business Insider recognized Lui as one of 21 dynamic careers to watch alongside Warren Buffett and Mark Cuban. A first generation American, Lui has a twist in his background, because his grandfather, an illegal immigrant, filed false Paper Son documents, Lui’s real last name is Wong. Lui started in business in 1985, working in manufacturing, strategy consulting, food and beverage, environmental, oil and he has held chief roles from operations to marketing. Until 2008, Lui worked for Citibank as Director, COO and his patented payment infrastructure bypassed MasterCard and Visa, enabling consumers to pay for goods and services by connecting directly to their bank. It included wireless access to checking, brokerage, and other funds, before Citibank, Lui worked at Oliver Wyman New York. His business development work included moving online brokerage businesses to mobile platforms, Lui also helped launch a joint venture with IBM in the retail vertical. At the start of his career, Lui skipped college and spent four years at startup Mrs. Fields Cookies, at the age of 18, Lui became the youngest in the companys history to run a regional training center. After Mrs. Fields, Lui entered college, followed by work at Clean Environment Equipment, according to the company’s website, its oil recovery products are on almost every major refinery with an underground oil spill. For Plan he has travelled to Central America, South America, Asia, Lui has collaborated with Polaris Project a global anti-human trafficking organization
21.
Emmy Award
–
An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
22.
Centennial Olympic Park bombing
–
The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a domestic terrorist pipe bombing attack on the Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 27 during the 1996 Summer Olympics. The blast directly killed 1 person and injured 111 others, another later died of a heart attack. It was the first of four bombings committed by Eric Robert Rudolph, security guard Richard Jewell discovered the bomb before detonation and cleared most of the spectators out of the park. Rudolph, a carpenter and handyman, had detonated three pipe bombs inside a U. S. military ALICE Pack, motivated by what he considered to be the governments sanctioning of abortion on demand, Rudolph wanted to force the cancellation of the Olympics. After the bombings, Jewell was temporarily investigated as a suspect by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, however, in October 1996, Jewell was exonerated when the FBI declared that he was no longer a person of interest. Following three more bombings in 1997, Rudolph was identified by the FBI as the suspect, in 2003, Rudolph was arrested and tried before being convicted two years later. Rudolph was sentenced to imprisonment without parole for his crimes. Centennial Olympic Park was designed as the square of the Olympics, and thousands of spectators had gathered for a late concert by the band Jack Mack. The pack had a charge and could have done more damage. It used a plate as a directional device. The sound of the explosion was recorded by a crew from the German public television network ARD. Security guard Richard Jewell discovered the bag and alerted Georgia Bureau of Investigation officers, Jewell and other security guards began clearing the immediate area so that a bomb squad could investigate the suspicious package. The bomb detonated before all spectators could leave the area, Alice Hawthorne,44, of Albany, Georgia, was killed in the explosion when a nail from the bomb penetrated her skull. A Turkish cameraman of Turkish Radio and Television Corporation, Melih Uzunyol,40, had a heart attack while running to the scene. President Bill Clinton denounced the explosion as an act of terror and vowed to do everything possible to track down. Despite the event, officials and athletes agreed that the games should continue as planned, Jewell, at the time, was unknown to authorities, and a lone wolf profile made sense to FBI investigators after being contacted by his former employer at Piedmont College. Jewell was named as a person of interest, although he was never arrested, jewells home was searched and his background exhaustively investigated and he became the subject of intense media interest and surveillance, including a media siege of his home. After Jewell was exonerated, he initiated defamation lawsuits against NBC News, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, and other media entities, jewells lawsuit accused Piedmont College President Raymond Cleere of falsely describing Jewell as a badge-wearing zealot who would write epic police reports for minor infractions
