1.
Monte-Carlo Television Festival
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The Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo is an international festival and competition focusing on productions for television, founded 1961 and based in Monaco. By creating the Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo in 1961, Prince Rainier III of Monaco, wished to encourage a new art form, in the service of peace and understanding between men. Monacos international status ideally suited the Princes ambition, to television as an exceptional means of bringing cultures together. However, The Monter-Carlo Television Festival is above all, since the 1980s, an important opportunity for business. Prince Albert II of Monaco has been the Honorary President of the Festival since 1988, the Golden Nymph rewards – with a Golden Nymph or a selection of Special Prizes – the best TV programs and actors from all around the world. Throughout the Festival, international juries composed of distinguished industry professionals, each year, more than 30 countries are represented in the competition, with more than 60 programs selected for nomination. The Competition is open to all networks, distributors and production companies. S. H. The Festival de Télévision de Monte-Carlo closes with the glittering Golden Nymph Award Ceremony
2.
Great Neck, New York
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Great Neck has five ZIP Codes, and one school district. The hamlets are census-designated places that consolidate various unincorporated areas and they are statistical entities and are not recognized locally. However, there are locally recognized neighborhoods within the areas, such as, Harbor Hills, Saddle Rock Estates, University Gardens. The Manhasset neighborhood is not considered part of Great Neck, the part of the Hamlet of Manhasset that is considered part of Great Neck includes the Great Neck Manor neighborhood. Great Neck Gardens is featured on maps as a name of one such hamlet. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has an area of 1.4 square miles, of which 0.04 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 9,989 people,3,645 households, the population density was 7,062.3 people per square mile. There were 3,645 housing units at a density of 2,547.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the village was 82. 8% White,2. 0% African American,0. 20% Native American,7. 2% Asian, 0% Pacific Islander,3. 9% from other races, and 3. 9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10. 2% of the population, as of 2000 Great Neck was the second-most ethnic Iranian populated place in the United States, with 21. 1% of its population reporting Iranian ancestry. The general trend has been that the part of Great Neck has a greater number of Iranian families. The African-American population is low in all of Great Neck,20. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85, and the family size was 3.30. In the village the population was out with 26. 4% under the age of 18,6. 0% from 18 to 24,25. 3% from 25 to 44,24. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males, the westernmost portion of the Hamlet of Manhasset lies between the villages of Thomaston and Lake Success and has Great Neck postal codes. Before the Dutch and English settlers arrived on the peninsula of Great Neck in the 17th century and it was not until 1681 when the European settlers held the first town meeting. The Mattinecock or Metoac used Long Island Sound as a way to fish and trade with others
3.
Diane Lane
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Diane Lane is an American actress. Born and raised in New York City, Lane made her debut in George Roy Hills 1979 film A Little Romance. Soon after, she was featured on the cover of Time magazine and her performance in Unfaithful also garnered her Academy Award, Golden Globe, and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Best Actress. Lane has starred in The Outsiders, A Walk on the Moon, The Perfect Storm, Under the Tuscan Sun, Cinema Verite, and Trumbo. She played Martha Kent in Man of Steel and Batman v Superman, Dawn of Justice, Lane was born in New York City. Her mother, Colleen Leigh Farrington, was a singer and Playboy centerfold. Her father, Burton Eugene Lane, was a Manhattan drama coach who ran a workshop with John Cassavetes, worked as a cab driver. When Lane was 13 days old, her parents separated, Lanes mother went to Mexico and obtained a divorce while retaining custody of Lane until she was six years old. Lanes father received custody of her after Lanes mother moved to her native state, Lane and her father lived in a number of residential hotels in New York City and she rode with him in his taxi. When Lane was 15, she declared her independence from her father and flew to Los Angeles for a week with actor, Lane later remarked, It was reckless behavior that comes from having too much independence too young. She returned to New York and moved in with a friends family, in 1981, she enrolled in high school after taking correspondence courses. However, Lanes mother kidnapped her and took her back to Georgia, Lane and her father challenged her mother in court, and six weeks later, she was back in New York. Lane did not speak to her mother for the three years, but they have since reconciled. Lanes grandmother, Eleanor Scott, was a Pentecostal preacher of the Apostolic denomination, Lane began acting professionally at the age of six at the La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club in New York, where she appeared in a production of Medea. When Lane was 12 years old, she had a role in Joseph Papps production of The Cherry Orchard with Meryl Streep, at this time, Lane was enrolled in an accelerated program at Hunter College High School, however, her grades suffered from her busy schedule. When Lane was 13, she turned down a role in Runaways on Broadway to make her debut opposite Laurence Olivier in A Little Romance. Lane won high praise from Olivier, who declared her The New Grace Kelly, at the same time, Lane was featured on the cover of Time, which declared her one of Hollywoods Whiz Kids. In the early 1980s, Lane made a transition from child actor to adult roles
4.
Sophie Marceau
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Sophie Marceau is a French actress, director, screenwriter, and author. As a teenager, Marceau achieved popularity with her debut films La Boum and La Boum 2 and she became a film star in Europe with a string of successful films, including LÉtudiante, Pacific Palisades, Fanfan, and Revenge of the Musketeers. Marceau became a film star with her performances in Braveheart, Firelight. Marceau was born 17 November 1966 in Paris, the child of Simone, a shop assistant, and Benoît Maupu. Her parents divorced when she was nine years old, in February 1980, Marceau and her mother came across a model agency looking for teenagers. Marceau had photos taken at the agency, but did not think anything would come of it, at the same time, Françoise Menidrey, the casting director for Claude Pinoteaus La Boum, asked modeling agencies to recommend a new teenager for the project. After viewing the rushes, Alain Poiré, the director of the Gaumont Film Company, La Boum was a hit movie, not only in France, where 4,378,500 tickets were sold, but also in several other European countries. In 1981, Marceau made her debut with French singer François Valéry on record Dream in Blue. In 1982, at age 15, Marceau bought back her contract with Gaumont for one million French francs and she borrowed most of the money. In 1988, she starred in LÉtudiante and the adventure film Chouans. That year, Marceau was named Best Romantic Actress at the International Festival of Romantic Movies for her role in Chouans, in 1989, Marceau starred in My Nights Are More Beautiful Than Your Days, which was directed by her long-time boyfriend Andrzej Zulawski. In 1990, she starred in Pacific Palisades and La note bleue, in 1991, she ventured into the theater in Eurydice, which earned Marceau the Moliere Award for Best Female Newcomer. Throughout the 1990s, Marceau began making films, such as the comedy Fanfan in 1993 and Revenge of the Musketeers in 1994—both popular in Europe. That year, she returned to the theatre as Eliza Doolittle in Pygmalion, Marceau achieved international recognition in 1995 playing the role of Princess Isabelle in Mel Gibsons Braveheart. That year, she was part of an ensemble of actors in the French film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and Wim Wenders. In 1999, she played Hippolyta in A Midsummer Nights Dream, in 2008, Marceau played a member of the French Resistance movement in Female Agents, and a struggling single mother in LOL. In 2009, she teamed up with Monica Bellucci in Dont Look Back about the connection between two women who have never met. In 2010, Marceau played a business executive forced to confront her unhappy childhood in With Love
5.
French Americans
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French Americans, also called Franco-Americans, comprise Americans who identify themselves to have full or partial French or French Canadian heritage. About 10.4 million U. S. residents are of French or French Canadian descent, an additional 750,000 U. S. residents speak a French-based creole language, according to the 2011 census. While Americans of French descent make up a percentage of the American population. This has inhibited the development of an unified French American identity as is the case with other European American ethnic groups, unlike other immigrants who came to the United States of America from other countries, some French Americans arrived prior to the founding of the United States. In many parts of the country, like the Midwest and Louisiana, they were the founders of some of these villages, cities, while found throughout the country, French Americans are most numerous in New England, northern New York, the Midwest, and Louisiana. French is the fourth language in the country, behind English, Spanish. Often, French Americans are identified more specifically as being of French Canadian, Cajun, historically, the French Canadians in Canada had among the highest birth rates in world history, which is why their population was large even though immigration from France was relatively low. They also moved to different regions within Canada, namely Québec, Ontario, many of the early male migrants worked in the lumber industry in both regions, and, to a lesser degree, in the burgeoning mining industry in the upper Great Lakes. Louisiana Creole people refers to those who are descended from the settlers in Louisiana, especially those of French. The term is now applied to individuals of mixed-race heritage. Those of mixed race also sometimes have African and Native American ancestry, as a group, the mixed-race Creoles rapidly began to acquire education, skills, businesses and property. They were overwhelmingly Catholic, spoke Colonial French, and kept up many French social customs, modified by other parts of their ancestry, the free people of color married among themselves to maintain their class and social culture. The French-speaking mixed-race population came to be called Creoles of color, the Cajuns of Louisiana have a unique heritage. Their ancestors settled Acadia, in what is now the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and part of Maine in the 17th and early 18th centuries. In 1755, after capturing Fort Beauséjour in the region, the British Army forced the Acadians to either swear an oath of loyalty to the British Crown or face expulsion. Thousands refused to take the oath, causing them to be sent, penniless, over the next generation, some four thousand managed to make the long trek to Louisiana, where they began a new life. The name Cajun is a corruption of the word Acadian, many still live in what is known as the Cajun Country, where much of their colonial culture survives. During the War of 1812, Louisiana residents of French origin took part on the American side in the Battle of New Orleans, jean Lafitte and his Baratarians later were honored by US General Andrew Jackson for their contribution to the defense of New Orleans
6.
Greystoke: The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes
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Greystoke, The Legend of Tarzan, Lord of the Apes is a 1984 British adventure film directed by Hugh Hudson and based on Edgar Rice Burroughs novel Tarzan of the Apes. Christopher Lambert stars as Tarzan and Andie MacDowell as Jane, the cast also includes Ralph Richardson, Ian Holm, James Fox, Cheryl Campbell, and Ian Charleson. It became the first ever Tarzan feature film to be nominated for an Academy Award, John, Lord Clayton, the heir to the 6th Earl of Greystoke, and his pregnant wife Alice are shipwrecked on the African coast. John builds a home in the trees, and Alice gives birth to a son, Alice later grows ill from malaria and dies. While John is grieving her, the house is visited by curious great apes. One female of the group, Kala, who is carrying her dead infant and she adopts the boy and raises him as a member of the Mangani. At age five, the boy is trying to fit in with his ape family. When a black panther attacks, he learns how to swim to evade it while another ape is killed, at age 12, the boy discovers the tree-house in which he lived as a baby with his mother and father. He finds a block, with pictures of both a boy and a chimpanzee painted on it. He sees himself in a mirror and recognizes the differences between himself and the rest of his ape family. He also discovers his fathers hunting knife and how it works, the objects fascinate the boy, and he takes them with him. One day his mother is killed by a hunting party. Years later, Belgian explorer Philippe dArnot is traveling with a band of British adventurers along the river and he is disgusted by their boorish nature and love of blood and sport. A band of natives attack the party, killing everyone except Philippe, the young man finds Philippe and nurses him back to health. DArnot discovers that the man is a mimic and teaches him to speak rudimentary English. DArnot deduces that this man is the son of the late Lord John and Lady Alice of Greystoke, Jean agrees to return to England with his benefactor and reunite with his human family. On arrival at Greystoke, the country estate in the Lowlands of Scotland, John is welcomed by his grandfather, the 6th Earl of Greystoke, and his ward. The Earl still grieves the loss of his son and daughter-in-law years earlier but is happy to have his grandson home
7.
Subway (film)
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Subway is a 1985 French comedy drama film directed by Luc Besson and starring Isabelle Adjani and Christopher Lambert. The film is classified as part of the cinema du look movement, there he joins the dwellers and befriends several colourful characters, including others who are living under the subway to avoid police arrest. While the gangsters try to find Fred, he develops a romance with the gangsters young trophy wife Héléna. She had originally invited Fred to the party featured at the opening of the film, Fred forms a pop band with some of his friends, such as The Drummer and Enrico, who compose the songs. While Fred is working on project, Hélénas powerful husband pressures the police to find the fugitive. One of Freds sidekicks, The Rollerskater, who has been wanted by the police for a time, is captured by Commissioner Gesberg. Fred and his friend The Florist rob a train carrying money, The Florist escapes, Fred uses money from the robbery to pay off a band scheduled to perform in the subway station. His new band replaces them but, at their performance, Fred is searched for by both the police and a henchman of Hélénas husband, the henchman shoots Fred just as Héléna was about to reach and warn him of danger. The film ends with Héléna kneeling beside Fred, who is lying on his back, looking content and they are playing and being applauded by the audience in the background. The opening car chase scene is said to pay homage to the 1971 film The French Connection, Éric Serras score and other musical pieces from the soundtrack, such as Freds bands song, Its Only Mystery, were released on vinyl and cassette in 1985. The soundtrack sold over 100,000 copies in France, the soundtrack was released on CD in 1996. Subway was the third-most popular French film in France in 1986, after Trois Hommes et un Couffin, the film grossed $390,659 at the box office in the United States. The film holds an 86% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on seven reviews, Subway was nominated for the Foreign Language Film award at the 40th British Academy Film Awards. The film was nominated for 13 César Awards in 1986, winning 3, Best Actor, Best Production Design, the film was released on DVD in the USA in November 2001. The DVD presents the film in 2.35,1 anamorphic widescreen, aaron Beierle of DVD Talk gave the DVD3 out of 5 stars for video quality, and 2½ stars for audio quality. Jason Bovberg of DVD Talk gave the film 3 stars for video and audio quality. Both reviewers gave the only a ½ star for its extra features, noting only cast. Both the UK and French versions of the Blu-ray were released in September 2009, both only contained the film in its original French audio, though with optional English subtitles
8.
Connor MacLeod
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Connor MacLeod, also known as The Highlander, is a fictional character in the Highlander film series, as well as the television programs Highlander, The Series, and Highlander, The Animated Series. In the films, he is portrayed by Christopher Lambert, the character of Connor MacLeod is divided among many separate continuities. Although varying from leading man to supporting character in each different continuity, in the first three Highlander films, Connor MacLeod is the protagonist, and is officially the final Immortal. Connor MacLeod was born in 1518 in Glenfinnan, Scotland near the shores of Loch Shiel. During a battle between the Clan MacLeod and the Clan Fraser in 1536, he faced an evil Immortal referred to as The Kurgan, when Connor did not die, the townspeople believed his recovery was the work of witchcraft, and threatened to burn him at the stake. Connors kinsman, and clan chieftain, Angus MacLeod, instead demanded that he only be banished, Connor wandered around the land until he met Heather MacDonald, the daughter of a blacksmith. The two fell in love, and married in 1539, in 1541, he met an Immortal named Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez, who became Connors mentor and taught him the ways of Immortals, and of The Game. Ramírez taught Connor the overriding rule of the Immortals, There can be only one, Connor, Ramírez, and others like them were destined to fight each other until only one was left. One night, the Kurgan, while Connor was absent, found his home, killed Ramírez, decades passed, and Heather finally died of old age. It was at point that Connor left Scotland to explore the world. Connor MacLeod led many different lives under a variety of aliases, during his lifetime he fought in many wars and encountered many Immortals. In 1985, MacLeod found himself living in New York in the guise of Russell Nash, in the continuity of the original movie, this was the time of the Gathering, when the few Immortals that remained were to fight until the last. While fighting in the Gathering, Connor had to deal with being a suspect of several beheadings, in the end, it came down to MacLeod against his ancient enemy, the Kurgan. After the Kurgan kidnapped Brenda, MacLeod faced and defeated him and he then returns to Scotland with Brenda. In the movie, The Prize is described as being kind of telepathy power, Its like a whirlwind in my head. I can help them understand each other, in addition, The Prize appears to strip MacLeod of his immortality, and to give him the ability to father children. Due to the fact there are two major versions of this movie, the original movie and the 1994 and 2004 Directors Cuts. Original Version – In the mid-1990s, the layer had begun to rapidly disappear
9.
Highlander (film)
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Highlander is a 1986 British-American epic adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen. It stars Christopher Lambert, Sean Connery, Clancy Brown, the film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors, depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines. Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands, known as the Highlander, one of a number of immortal warriors, who can only be killed by decapitation. After initial training by another highly skilled swordsman, Ramirez, MacLeod lives on for several centuries, eventually settling in New York City. Highlander enjoyed little success on its theatrical release, grossing over $12 million worldwide against a production budget of $19 million. Nevertheless, it became a film and launched Lambert to stardom. The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs and its tagline, There can be only one, has carried on throughout the franchise, as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen. In 1985, Connor MacLeod, also known as the Highlander, is in New York City, in an arena parking garage, Connor is confronted by fellow immortal Iman Fasil, and decapitates him, upon which an energy surge destroys several cars around him. He hides his sword just as police swarm the exit to the garage, the story then flashbacks in time to the 16th century Scottish Highlands, in the village of Glenfinnan on the shores of Loch Shiel. Connor and his clan, the Clan MacLeod, prepare for battle, in 1985, the police release Connor, as they have failed to get any information from him. One of the detectives involved, Brenda Wyatt, is an expert in metallurgy, later, Connor returns to the garage to retrieve his own sword but sees Brenda is looking at the crime scene. She finds metal shards embedded in a column and saves them for analysis. In another flashback to the Highlands, The Kurgan, assists the clan Fraser against the Clan MacLeod in exchange for the right to slaying Connor. In the resulting confrontation the Kurgan stabs Connor but is driven off by the MacLeod clansmen. The wounded Connor is taken back to the village, and everyone assumes he will die, in the evening, Connor succumbs to his battlefield injuries and dies. When he makes a full, remarkable overnight recovery and comes back to life, the villagers attempt to have Connor executed, but he is instead exiled by the clan leader out of mercy. In 1985, Connor lives under the alias Russell Nash and is an antiquities dealer. Meanwhile, the Kurgan takes up residence at a seedy motel, Connor tails Brenda to a bar, but she leaves quickly
10.
Highlander (franchise)
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Highlander is a film and television franchise that began with a 1986 fantasy/Modern-days, Science Fantasy movie starring Christopher Lambert, who played Connor MacLeod, the Highlander. Born in Glenfinnan, in the Scottish Highlands in the 16th century, the first of what became a series of films, Highlander, directed by Russell Mulcahy, was released on March 7,1986, with the tagline There Can Be Only One. The film features a number of flashback scenes establishing Connor MacLeod of the Clan MacLeods early history, through a mentor and fellow Immortal — Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez, played by Sean Connery — he learns of the existence of other Immortals, who appear spontaneously throughout history. The movie was originally titled Shadow Clan in the earliest drafts of the film, upon its release, the film was not a financial success and was panned by critics. However, it gained a cult following, was a hit internationally. Box office-wise, in the United States, the movie took in $2,453,021 in its opening weekend. However, the movie had more success internationally, taking in $12,885,193, Highlander II, The Quickening, directed by Russell Mulcahy, was released on November 1,1991. The film mainly takes place in 2024, with flashbacks to events in 1999, MacLeod designs an energy shield to protect the Earth after its ozone layer began to disintegrate, but the Shields heavy red clouds and blocking of natural sunlight have plunged mankind into despair. The Shield has also fallen under the control of the Shield Corporation, meanwhile, MacLeod has physically aged into a frail old man — his mortality part of winning the Prize – and expects that he will eventually die of natural causes. After he kills one of the Immortals from Zeist sent to him, he becomes young and Immortal again. He then joins with Louise Marcus, who had led a group of terrorists who try to dismantle the Shield and this film offers an alternative origin for the Immortals, who are depicted as aliens exiled to Earth from Zeist. In direct contradiction to the film, Ramírez and MacLeod were friends before their exile from Zeist. In the original, they first met in Scotland in 1541 and this was a primary reason the movie immediately met with harsh criticism. When it was released in 1991, it was almost totally panned by critics worldwide, in 2004, a Special Edition was released, featuring several distinct alterations, including new computer-generated visual effects throughout the film. The reconstructed films reception was far better than the original, although the reception was somewhat mixed. Highlander III, The Sorcerer was first released on November 25,1994, the third movie contradicts both the second film and the television series, acting as a stand-alone sequel to the original movie. MacLeod battles a warrior who missed the original Gathering, because he was buried deep in a Japanese cave that is holy ground, kane is a master of the power of illusion, which allows him to create false imagery to deceive his enemies. Connor, who has lived with his adopted son John for years with the belief that he is the final Immortal, must return to New York, along the way, he finds a new love, Dr. Alex Johnson
11.
Raiden (Mortal Kombat)
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Raiden is a video game character in the Mortal Kombat fighting game series by Midway Games. Making his official debut as one of the seven playable characters in 1992s Mortal Kombat. He commands many supernatural abilities such as teleportation, flight, a mainstay of the Mortal Kombat cast, Raiden is one of the series most recognizable characters. General and critical reception to the character in regards to his design and gameplay has been positive, when Earthrealm was young, Raiden was its protector. He fought the rogue Elder God Shinnok, who wished to overthrow his fellow gods, one of the casualties of the war was the Saurian civilization, forcing the remaining survivors to emigrate to another world, which they named Zaterra. Raiden charged four gods with guarding the gods of Wind, Fire, Earth. Raiden could not retrieve it himself as his powers would dissipate in the Netherealm, sub-Zeros mission into the Netherealm was a success and Shinnok was, for a time, no longer a threat. Though it was revealed that the sorcerer Quan Chi had given Sub Zero a false amulet, Raiden never realized the counterfeit. In the original Mortal Kombat, Raiden was invited to compete in the Mortal Kombat tournament, Raiden accepted the invitation and took human form to compete. He was able to keep his power of lightning and Kitana helped Liu Kang find his element of fire. In Mortal Kombat II, watching events unfold from high above, Raiden warns the last remaining members of the Shaolin tournament Liu Kang and Kung Lao of Shao Kahns threat. Raiden then disappears and ventures to Outworld alone, despite Shao Kahn taking every soul on Earth as his own, Raiden was able to protect the souls of Liu Kang and other chosen warriors. In the end, Kahns forces were defeated, repelling the invasion back into Outworld, in Mortal Kombat 4, after the invasion was driven back into Outworld, Shinnok, with the aid of Quan Chi, again sought to rise from the Netherealm and conquer the realms. However, with Liu Kang again uniting Earthrealms warriors, Raidens Forces of Light emerged successful, now granted the status of Elder God, he turned over his position as Earthrealms protector to Fujin. As an Elder God, Raiden could not interfere when Shang Tsung, disgusted at the fellow Elder Gods for their refusal to intervene, Raiden relinquished his position and gathered his trusted warriors to stop the Deadly Alliance. However, the Earthrealm warriors Jax Briggs, Sonya Blade, Johnny Cage, Kitana, in a desperate measure, Raiden personally confronted Shang Tsung and Quan Chi in front of their Soulnado. When Onaga, the Dragon King, entered the chamber, Raiden momentarily putting his differences aside with Tsung and Quan Chi, and assisted them in their attempts to repel Onaga. Raidens essence soon gathered again in the Earthrealm, but the essence came back corrupted and did not reform as a new god
12.
Mortal Kombat (film)
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It is a loose adaptation of the early entries in the fighting game series Mortal Kombat. The films primary source material was 1992s original game of the same title and its tie-in media included hit soundtracks Mortal Kombat, Motion Picture Score and Mortal Kombat, Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, and a prequel animated film, The Journey Begins. Mortal Kombat spent three weeks as the film at the U. S. box office, earning over $122 million worldwide. Threshold Entertainment followed with a 1997 sequel film, Mortal Kombat, Annihilation, a Mortal Kombat film reboot was announced by New Line Cinema in 2011. Mortal Kombat is a tournament between the representatives of the realms of Earth and Outworld conceived by the Elder Gods amid looming invasion of the Earth by Outworld. If the realm of Outworld wins Mortal Kombat ten consecutive times, its Emperor Shao Kahn will be able to invade, at Shang Tsungs island, Liu is attracted to Princess Kitana, Shao Kahns adopted daughter. Liu defeats his first opponent and Sonya gets her revenge on Kano by snapping his neck, Cage encounters and barely beats Scorpion. Liu engages in a duel with Kitana, who secretly offers him cryptic advice for his next battle. Lius next opponent is Sub-Zero, whose defense seems untouched because of his abilities, until Liu recalls Kitanas advice. Prince Goro enters the tournament and mercilessly crushes every opponent he faces, one of Cages peers, Art Lean, is defeated by Goro as well and has his soul taken by Shang Tsung. Sonya worries that they may not win against Goro, but Raiden disagrees and he reveals their own fears and egos are preventing them from winning the tournament. Despite Sonyas warning, Cage comes to Tsung to request a fight with Goro, the sorcerer accepts on the condition that he be allowed to challenge any opponent of his choosing, anytime and anywhere he chooses. Raiden tries to intervene, but the conditions are agreed upon before he can do so, after Shang Tsung leaves, Raiden confronts Cage for what he has done in challenging Goro, but is impressed when Cage shows his awareness of the gravity of the tournament. Cage faces Goro and uses guile and the element of surprise to defeat the defending champion, now desperate, Tsung takes Sonya hostage and takes her to Outworld, intending to fight her as his opponent. Knowing that his powers are ineffective there and that Sonya cannot defeat Tsung by herself, Raiden sends Liu and Cage into Outworld in order to rescue Sonya, in Outworld, Liu is attacked by Reptile, but eventually gains the upper hand and defeats him. Afterward, Kitana meets up with Cage and Liu, revealing to the pair the origins of both herself and Outworld, Kitana allies with them and helps them to infiltrate Tsungs castle. Inside the castle tower, Shang Tsung challenges Sonya to fight him, all seems lost for Earth realm until Kitana, Liu, and Cage appear. Kitana berates Tsung for his treachery to the Emperor as Sonya is set free, Tsung challenges Cage, but is counter-challenged by Liu
13.
United Nations
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The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was established on 24 October 1945 after World War II in order to prevent another such conflict, at its founding, the UN had 51 member states, there are now 193. The headquarters of the UN is in Manhattan, New York City, further main offices are situated in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna. The organization is financed by assessed and voluntary contributions from its member states, the UNs mission to preserve world peace was complicated in its early decades by the Cold War between the US and Soviet Union and their respective allies. The organization participated in actions in Korea and the Congo. After the end of the Cold War, the UN took on major military, the UN has six principal organs, the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Secretariat, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Trusteeship Council. UN System agencies include the World Bank Group, the World Health Organization, the World Food Programme, UNESCO, the UNs most prominent officer is the Secretary-General, an office held by Portuguese António Guterres since 2017. Non-governmental organizations may be granted consultative status with ECOSOC and other agencies to participate in the UNs work, the organization won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001, and a number of its officers and agencies have also been awarded the prize. Other evaluations of the UNs effectiveness have been mixed, some commentators believe the organization to be an important force for peace and human development, while others have called the organization ineffective, corrupt, or biased. Following the catastrophic loss of life in the First World War, the earliest concrete plan for a new world organization began under the aegis of the US State Department in 1939. It incorporated Soviet suggestions, but left no role for France, four Policemen was coined to refer to four major Allied countries, United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and China, which emerged in the Declaration by United Nations. Roosevelt first coined the term United Nations to describe the Allied countries, the term United Nations was first officially used when 26 governments signed this Declaration. One major change from the Atlantic Charter was the addition of a provision for religious freedom, by 1 March 1945,21 additional states had signed. Each Government pledges itself to cooperate with the Governments signatory hereto, the foregoing declaration may be adhered to by other nations which are, or which may be, rendering material assistance and contributions in the struggle for victory over Hitlerism. During the war, the United Nations became the term for the Allies. To join, countries had to sign the Declaration and declare war on the Axis, at the later meetings, Lord Halifax deputized for Mr. Eden, Wellington Koo for T. V. Soong, and Mr Gromyko for Mr. Molotov. The first meetings of the General Assembly, with 51 nations represented, the General Assembly selected New York City as the site for the headquarters of the UN, and the facility was completed in 1952. Its site—like UN headquarters buildings in Geneva, Vienna, and Nairobi—is designated as international territory, the Norwegian Foreign Minister, Trygve Lie, was elected as the first UN Secretary-General
14.
Geneva
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Geneva is the second most populous city in Switzerland and is the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Situated where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the capital of the Republic, the municipality has a population of 198,072, and the canton has 484,736 residents. In 2014, the compact agglomération du Grand Genève had 946,000 inhabitants in 212 communities in both Switzerland and France, within Swiss territory, the commuter area named Métropole lémanique contains a population of 1.25 million. This area is essentially spread east from Geneva towards the Riviera area and north-east towards Yverdon-les-Bains, Geneva is the city that hosts the highest number of international organizations in the world. It is also the place where the Geneva Conventions were signed, Geneva was ranked as the worlds ninth most important financial centre for competitiveness by the Global Financial Centres Index, ahead of Frankfurt, and third in Europe behind London and Zürich. A2009 survey by Mercer found that Geneva has the third-highest quality of life of any city in the world, the city has been referred to as the worlds most compact metropolis and the Peace Capital. In 2009 and 2011, Geneva was ranked as, respectively, the city was mentioned in Latin texts, by Caesar, with the spelling Genava, probably from a Celtic toponym *genawa- from the stem *genu-, in the sense of a bending river or estuary. The medieval county of Geneva in Middle Latin was known as pagus major Genevensis or Comitatus Genevensis, the name takes various forms in modern languages, Geneva /dʒᵻˈniːvə/ in English, French, Genève, German, Genf, Italian, Ginevra, and Romansh, Genevra. The city in origin shares its name, *genawa estuary, with the Italian port city of Genoa, Geneva was an Allobrogian border town, fortified against the Helvetii tribe, when the Romans took it in 121 BC. It became Christian under the Late Roman Empire, and acquired its first bishop in the 5th century, having been connected to the bishopric of Vienne in the 4th. In the Middle Ages, Geneva was ruled by a count under the Holy Roman Empire until the late 14th century, around this time the House of Savoy came to dominate the city. In the 15th century, a republican government emerged with the creation of the Grand Council. In 1541, with Protestantism in the ascendancy, John Calvin, by the 18th century, however, Geneva had come under the influence of Catholic France, which cultivated the city as its own. France also tended to be at odds with the ordinary townsfolk, in 1798, revolutionary France under the Directory annexed Geneva. At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, on 1 June 1814, in 1907, the separation of Church and State was adopted. Geneva flourished in the 19th and 20th centuries, becoming the seat of international organizations. Geneva is located at 46°12 North, 6°09 East, at the end of Lake Geneva. It is surrounded by two chains, the Alps and the Jura
15.
Chariots of Fire
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Chariots of Fire is a 1981 British historical drama film. The film was conceived and produced by David Puttnam, written by Colin Welland, ben Cross and Ian Charleson starred as Abrahams and Liddell, alongside Nicholas Farrell, Nigel Havers, Ian Holm, Lindsay Anderson, John Gielgud, Cheryl Campbell, and Alice Krige in supporting roles. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards and won four, including Best Picture and it is ranked 19th in the British Film Institutes list of Top 100 British films. The film is notable for its memorable electronic theme tune by Vangelis. The films title was inspired by the line, Bring me my chariot of fire, from the William Blake poem adapted into the popular British hymn Jerusalem, the original phrase chariot of fire is from 2 Kings 2,11 and 6,17 in the Bible. In 1919, Harold Abrahams enters the University of Cambridge, where he experiences anti-Semitism from the staff and he becomes the first person to ever complete the Trinity Great Court Run – running around the college courtyard in the time it takes for the clock to strike 12. Abrahams achieves an undefeated string of victories in national running competitions. Although focused on his running, he falls in love with a leading Gilbert and Sullivan soprano, Eric Liddell, born in China of Scottish missionary parents, is in Scotland. His devout sister Jennie disapproves of Liddells plans to pursue competitive running, but Liddell sees running as a way of glorifying God before returning to China to work as a missionary. When they first race against each other, Liddell beats Abrahams, Abrahams takes it poorly, but Sam Mussabini, a professional trainer whom he had approached earlier, offers to take him on to improve his technique. This attracts criticism from the Cambridge college masters, who allege it is not gentlemanly for an amateur to play the tradesman by employing a professional coach, Abrahams dismisses this concern, interpreting it as cover for anti-Semitic and class-based prejudice. When Eric Liddell accidentally misses a prayer meeting because of his running, his sister Jennie upbraids him. But He also made me fast, and when I run, the two athletes, after years of training and racing, are accepted to represent Great Britain in the 1924 Olympics in Paris. Also accepted are Abrahams Cambridge friends, Lord Andrew Lindsay, Aubrey Montague, while boarding the boat to Paris for the Olympics, Liddell learns the news that the heat for his 100-metre race will be on a Sunday. He refuses to run the race – despite strong pressure from the Prince of Wales and his religious convictions in the face of national athletic pride make headlines around the world. Abrahams is badly beaten by the heavily favoured United States runners in the 200 metre race and he knows his last chance for a medal will be the 100 metres. He competes in the race, and wins and his coach Sam Mussabini is overcome that the years of dedication and training have paid off with an Olympic gold medal. Now Abrahams can get on with his life and reunite with his girlfriend Sybil, before Liddells race, the American coach remarks dismissively to his runners that Liddell has little chance of doing well in his now far longer 400 metre race
16.
Edgar Rice Burroughs
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Edgar Rice Burroughs was an American writer best known for his creations of the jungle hero Tarzan and the heroic Mars adventurer John Carter, although he produced works in many genres. Burroughs was born on September 1,1875, in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Major George Tyler Burroughs, a businessman and Civil War veteran. His middle name is from his grandmother, Mary Rice Burroughs. Burroughs was of almost entirely English ancestry, with a line that had been in North America since the early colonial era. Through his grandmother Mary Rice, he was descended from Edmund Rice and he once remarked, I can trace my ancestry back to Deacon Edmund Rice. The Burroughs side of the family was also of English origin, many of his ancestors fought in the American Revolution. He had other ancestors who settled in Virginia during the colonial period, Burroughs was educated at a number of local schools, and during the Chicago influenza epidemic in 1891, he spent half a year at his brothers ranch on the Raft River in Idaho. He then attended Phillips Academy, in Andover, Massachusetts, graduating in 1895, and failing the entrance exam for the United States Military Academy at West Point, he became an enlisted soldier with the 7th U. S. Cavalry in Fort Grant, Arizona Territory. After being diagnosed with a problem and thus ineligible to serve. After his discharge, Burroughs worked a number of different jobs and he drifted and worked on a ranch in Idaho. He found work at his fathers firm in 1899 and he married his childhood sweetheart, Emma Hulbert, in January 1900. In 1904, he left his job and worked regularly, first in Idaho. By 1911, after seven years of low wages, he was working as a pencil-sharpener wholesaler, by this time, he and Emma had two children, Joan, who later married the Tarzan film actor James Pierce, and Hulbert. During this period, he had spare time and began reading pulp fiction magazines. In 1929 he recalled thinking that. if people were paid for writing rot such as I read in some of those magazines, in 1913, Burroughs and Emma had their third and last child, John Coleman Burroughs, later known for his illustrations of his fathers books. In the 1920s Burroughs became a pilot, purchased a Security Airster S-1, Burroughs divorced Emma in 1934, and in 1935 he married the former actress Florence Gilbert Dearholt, the former wife of his friend Ashton Dearholt. Burroughs adopted the Dearholts two children and he and Florence divorced in 1942. Burroughs was in his late 60s and was in Honolulu at the time of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
17.
Catherine Deneuve
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Catherine Deneuve is a French actress as well as an occasional singer, model and producer. She gained recognition for her portrayal of aloof, mysterious beauties for various directors, including Luis Buñuel, Francois Truffaut, in 1985, she succeeded Mireille Mathieu as the official face of Marianne, Frances national symbol of liberty. A 14-time César Award nominee, she won for her performances in Truffauts The Last Metro and she is also noted for her support for a variety of liberal causes. She was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress for Belle de Jour, and she also won the 1998 Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the Venice Film Festival for Place Vendôme. Other films include Scene of the Crime, My Favourite Season,8 Women and her English-language films include The April Fools, Hustle, The Hunger and Dancer in the Dark. In 2015, she starred in The Brand New Testament and Standing Tall, Deneuve was born Catherine Fabienne Dorléac in Paris, France, the daughter of French stage actors Maurice Dorléac and Renée Simonot. Deneuve was her mothers name, which she chose for her stage name. Her work for Buñuel would be her most famous, further prominent films from this early time in her career included Jean-Paul Rappeneaus A Matter of Resistance, and Demys musical Les Demoiselles de Rochefort. Her starring roles at the time were featured in films as A Slightly Pregnant Man with Marcello Mastroianni. She made her film as a producer in 1988, Drôle dendroit pour une rencontre. In 1997, Deneuve was the protagonist in the video for the song NOubliez Jamais sung by Joe Cocker. In 1998 she won acclaim and the Volpi Cup at the Venice Film Festival for her performance in Place Vendôme. In the late 1990s, Deneuve continued to appear in a number of films such as 1999s five films Est-Ouest, Le temps retrouvé, Pola X, Belle maman. In 2000, Deneuves part in Lars von Triers musical drama Dancer in the Dark alongside Icelandic singer Björk was subject to critical scrutiny. The film was selected for the Palme dOr at the Cannes Film Festival and she made another foray into Hollywood the following year, starring in The Musketeer for Peter Hyams. In 2002, she shared the Silver Bear Award for Best Ensemble Cast at the Berlin International Film Festival for her performance in 8 Women. In 2005, Deneuve published her diary A lombre de moi-meme, in it she writes about her experiences shooting the films Indochine and she also provided the voice role of Marjane Satrapis mother in Satrapis animated autobiographical film Persepolis, based on the graphic novel of the same name. In 2008, she appeared in her 100th film, Un conte de Noël, during an interview at the Cannes Film Festival with Ali Naderzad, Deneuve was asked which was her own favorite film
18.
Jacques Perrin
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Jacques Perrin is a French actor and filmmaker. He is occasionally credited as Jacques Simonet, Simonet was his fathers name and Perrin his mothers. His father, Alexandre Simonet, was a theatre director, Perrin was trained as an actor at the Conservatoire National Supérieur dArt Dramatique. He was given his first juvenile film roles by Italian director Valerio Zurlini and he also gave over 400 performances of LAnnée du bac on the Paris stage. He played opposite Claudia Cardinale in the romantic comedy La Ragazza con la valigia and played the brother in Family Diary with Marcello Mastroianni. He was also the adult Salvatore in the international hit Cinema Paradiso and he won two Best Actor awards at the Venice Film Festival in 1966 for the Italian film Almost a Man and the Spanish film The Search. At 27, he created a studio and produced and acted in Z, directed by Costa Gavras and starring Jean-Louis Trintignant, Yves Montand, Z received an Oscar for Best Foreign Film in 1969. He collaborated with Costa Gavras again in État de Siège in 1973, both films had political themes, and Perrin continued this trend with a documentary on the Algerian uprising and a film on the Chilean presidency of Salvador Allende. In 1973 Perrin produced - and starred alongside Claude Jade as his love interest - the first film of Benoît Lamy, the film acclaimed 14 international awards. Perrin produced another Oscar-winning film in 1976, La Victoire en chantant by director Jean-Jacques Annaud, in 1977, he embarked on Le Désert des Tartares, again starring Trintignant. The cast included such actors as Max von Sydow, but was not very successful. His recent successes have been the animal films Microcosmos and Le Peuple Migrateur and he also played the role of the old Pierre Morhange, narrator of the very internationally successful film The Chorus, that he also produced. The young Pépinot was played by his younger son Maxence and he was made Knight of the Ordre national du Mérite in 1985, promoted Officer in 1997 and promoted Commander in 2003. He was made Knight of the Légion dhonneur in 1990 and promoted Officer in 2007 and he has three sons, Mathieu, born 1975, Maxence, born 1995, and Lancelot, born 2000. Jacques Perrin at the Internet Movie Database
19.
Luc Besson
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Luc Besson is a French film director, screenwriter, and producer. He directed or produced the films Subway, The Big Blue, Besson has been nominated for a César Award for Best Director and Best Picture for his films Léon, The Professional and The Messenger, The Story of Joan of Arc. He won Best Director and Best French Director for his action film The Fifth Element. He wrote and directed the 2014 sci-fi thriller film Lucy, in 1980, he founded his own production company, called Les Films du Loup, and later Les Films du Dauphin. This was superseded in 2000 by his co-founding EuropaCorp film company with his longtime collaborator, as writer, director, or producer, Besson has so far been involved in the creation of more than 50 films. Besson was born in Paris, to parents who worked as Club Med scuba-diving instructors. Influenced by this milieu, as a child Besson planned to become a marine biologist and he spent much of his youth traveling with his parents to tourist resorts in Italy, SFR Yugoslavia, and the Kingdom of Greece. The family returned to France when Besson was 10 and his parents promptly divorced and each remarried. Here there is two families, and I am the only bad souvenir of something doesnt work, he said in the International Herald Tribune. And if I disappear, then everything is perfect, the rage to exist comes from here. Otherwise I am going to die, at the age of 17, Besson had a diving accident that left him unable to dive. I was 17 and I wondered what I was going to do, so I took a piece of paper and on the left I put everything I could do, or had skills for, and all the things I couldnt do. The first line was shorter and I could see that I loved writing, I loved images, so I thought maybe movies would be good. But I thought that to really know I should go to a set, and a friend of mine knew a guy whose brother was a third assistant on a short film. Its true, he said in a 2000 interview with The Guardian, so, I said, OK, lets go on the set. So I went on the set. The day after I went back to see my mum and told her that I was going to films and stop school. Very soon after I made a film and it was very, very bad. I wanted to prove that I could do something, so I made a short film and that was in fact my main concern, to be able to show that I could do one
20.
Marco Ferreri
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Marco Ferreri was an Italian film director, screenwriter and actor, who began his career in the 1950s directing three films in Spain, followed by 24 Italian films until his death in 1997. His best known film is La Grande Bouffe from 1973, starring Marcello Mastroianni, Michel Piccoli, Philippe Noiret and he died in Paris of a heart attack. His 1979 film Chiedo asilo won him the Silver Bear - Special Jury Prize at the 30th Berlin International Film Festival, in 1991, his film La casa del sorriso won the Golden Bear at the 41st Berlin International Film Festival. Two years later, his film Diario di un vizio was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 43rd Berlin International Film Festival
21.
Palme d'Or
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The Palme dOr is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was introduced in 1955 by the organising committee, from 1939 to 1954, the highest prize was the Grand Prix du Festival International du Film. In 1964, it was replaced again by the Grand Prix du Festival before being reintroduced in 1974 as the Palme dOr again. In 1954, the Jury of the Festival de Cannes suggested giving an award titled the Grand Prix of the International Film Festival with a new design each year from a contemporary artist. At the end of 1954, the Festivals Board of Directors invited several jewellers to submit designs for a palm, in tribute to the coat of arms of the City of Cannes. The original design by the jeweller Lucienne Lazon had the lower extremity of the stalk forming a heart. In 1955, the first Palme dOr was awarded to Delbert Mann for Marty, and it remained the highest award until 1964, as of 2015, Jane Campion is the only female director to have won the Palme dOr, for The Piano. These choices were due to a Cannes policy that forbids the Palme dOr-winning film from receiving any additional awards, according to Spielberg, Had the casting been 3% wrong, it wouldnt have worked like it did for us. Since its reintroduction, the prize has been redesigned several times, at the beginning of the 1980s, the rounded shape of the pedestal, bearing the palm, gradually transformed to become pyramidal in 1984. In 1992 Thierry de Bourqueney redesigned the Palme and its pedestal in hand-cut crystal, the current design, first presented in 1997, is by Caroline Scheufele from Chopard. A single piece of cut crystal forms a cushion for the 24-carat gold palm, the winner of the 2014 Palme dOr, Winter Sleep—a Turkish film by Nuri Bilge Ceylan—occurred during the same year as the 100th anniversary of Turkish cinema. Note, The Palme dOr for Union Pacific was awarded in retrospect at the 2002 festival, the festivals debut was to take place in 1939, but it was cancelled due to World War II. The organisers of the 2002 festival presented part of the original 1939 selection to a jury of six members. The films were, Goodbye Mr. Chips, La Piste du Nord, Lenin in 1918, The Four Feathers, The Wizard of Oz, Union Pacific, and Boefje. In 2011 the festival announced that the award would be given out annually, however plans for this fell through, american director Woody Allen was the inaugural recipient while pioneering French filmmaker Agnès Varda was the first woman to receive the award in 2015. In 2016 Jean-Pierre Léaud became the first person to be awarded solely for acting. com Cannes Film Festival IMDB
22.
Cannes Film Festival
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Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. On 1 July 2014, co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+ Pierre Lescure took over as President of the festival, the Board of Directors also appointed Gilles Jacob as Honorary President of the festival. The 2016 Cannes Film Festival took place between 11 and 22 May 2016, australian film director George Miller was the President of the Jury. I, Daniel Blake, directed by British director Ken Loach, in 2017, The Festival de Cannes will celebrate its 70th anniversary edition from May 17 to 28. In 1947, the festival was held as the Festival du film de Cannes, at that time the principle of equality was introduced, with a jury made up of only one representative per country. The festival is now held at the Palais des Festivals, expressly constructed for the occasion, although for its 1949 inaugural the roof was unfinished, the festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 on account of budgetary problems. Although its origins may be attributed in part to the French desire to compete with Autumns Venice Film Festival, in 1955, the Palme dOr was created, replacing the Grand Prix du Festival which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Rio was the first female member of the jury as a Sélection officielle – Member, in 1959, the Marché du Film was founded, giving the festival a commercial character and facilitating exchanges between sellers and buyers in the film industry. Today it has become the first international platform for film commerce, in 1962, the International Critics Week was born, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors all over the world. In 1965, an hommage was paid to Jean Cocteau after his death, the next year, Olivia de Havilland was named the first female president of the festival. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May, some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman, had withdrawn their films from the competition. The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors Society that same year, during the 1970s, important changes occurred in the Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new President and he immediately introduced an important change in the selection of the participating films. Until that date, the different countries chose which films would represent them in the festival, Bessy created one committee to select French films, and another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the President position, introducing the Caméra dOr award, in 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to host the Festival. It was nicknamed The Bunker and provoked many reactions against it, in 1984, Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of the Festival. It was not until 1995 that Gilles Jacob created the last section of the Official Selection and its aim was to support the creation of works of cinema in the world and to contribute to the entry of the new scenario writers in the circle of the celebrities
23.
Scottish Highlands
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The Highlands are a historic region of Scotland. Culturally, the Highlands and the Lowlands diverged from the later Middle Ages into the modern period, the term is also used for the area north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault, although the exact boundaries are not clearly defined, particularly to the east. The Great Glen divides the Grampian Mountains to the southeast from the Northwest Highlands, the Scottish Gaelic name of A Ghàidhealtachd literally means the place of the Gaels and traditionally, from a Gaelic-speaking point of view, includes both the Western Isles and the Highlands. The area is sparsely populated, with many mountain ranges dominating the region. At 9.1 per km2 in 2012, the density in the Highlands and Islands is less than one seventh of Scotlands as a whole, comparable with that of Bolivia, Chad. The Highland Council is the body for much of the Highlands. However, the Highlands also includes parts of the areas of Aberdeenshire, Angus, Argyll and Bute, Moray, North Ayrshire, Perth & Kinross, Stirling. The Scottish highlands is the area in the British Isles to have the Taiga biome as it features concentrated populations of Scots pine forest. Between the 15th century and the 20th century, the area differed from most of the Lowlands in terms of language. In Scottish Gaelic, the region is known as the Gàidhealtachd, because it was traditionally the Gaelic-speaking part of Scotland, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably but have different meanings in their respective languages. Scottish English is the predominant language of the area today, though Highland English has been influenced by Gaelic speech to a significant extent, historically, the Highland line distinguished the two Scottish cultures. Most of this legislation was repealed by the end of the 18th century as the Jacobite threat subsided, there was soon a rehabilitation of Highland culture. Tartan was adopted for Highland regiments in the British Army, which poor Highlanders joined in large numbers in the era of the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars. Tartan had largely abandoned by the ordinary people of the region, but in the 1820s, tartan and the kilt were adopted by members of the social elite, not just in Scotland. The international craze for tartan, and for idealising a romanticised Highlands, was set off by the Ossian cycle, individual clan tartans were largely designated in this period and they became a major symbol of Scottish identity. The period of the Napoleonic wars brought prosperity, optimism, the economy grew thanks to wages paid in industries such as kelping, fisheries, and weaving, as well as large-scale infrastructure spending such as the Caledonian Canal project. On the East Coast, farmlands were improved, and high prices for cattle brought money to the area, Service in the Army was also attractive to young men from the Highlands, who sent pay home and retired there with their army pensions. This prosperity ended after 1815, and long-term negative factors began to undermine the position of the poor tenant farmers, who typically rented a few acres
24.
Sean Connery
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Sir Thomas Sean Connery is a retired Scottish actor and producer who has won an Academy Award, two BAFTA Awards and three Golden Globes. He was knighted by Elizabeth II in July 2000 after receiving Kennedy Center Honors in the US in 1999, Connery was the first actor to portray the character James Bond in film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983. In 1988, Connery won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in The Untouchables, Connery has been polled as The Greatest Living Scot and Scotlands Greatest Living National Treasure. In 1989, he was proclaimed Sexiest Man Alive by People magazine, Thomas Sean Connery, named Thomas after his grandfather, was born in Fountainbridge, Edinburgh, Scotland on 25 August 1930. His mother, Euphemia McBain Effie, was a cleaning woman and his paternal grandfathers parents emigrated to Scotland from Ireland in the mid-19th century. The remainder of his family was of Scottish descent, and his maternal great-grandparents were native Scottish Gaelic speakers from Fife and his father was a Roman Catholic, and his mother was a Protestant. He has a brother, Neil. He was generally referred to in his youth as Tommy, although he was small in primary school, he grew rapidly around the age of 12, reaching his full adult height of 6 ft 2 in at 18. He was known during his teen years as Big Tam, and has stated that he lost his virginity to a woman in an ATS uniform at the age of 14. Connerys first job was as a milkman in Edinburgh with St. Cuthberts Co-operative Society, one tattoo is a tribute to his parents and reads Mum and Dad, and the other is self-explanatory, Scotland Forever. Connery was later discharged from the navy on medical grounds because of a duodenal ulcer, Scotland, Archie Brennan, a coffin polisher. The modelling earned him 15 shillings an hour, student artist Richard Demarco who painted several notable early pictures of Connery described him as very straight, slightly shy, too, too beautiful for words, a virtual Adonis. Connery began bodybuilding at the age of 18, and from 1951 trained heavily with Ellington, Connery was a keen footballer, having played for Bonnyrigg Rose in his younger days. He was offered a trial with East Fife, while on tour with South Pacific, Connery played in a football match against a local team that Matt Busby, manager of Manchester United, happened to be scouting. According to reports, Busby was impressed with his physical prowess, Connery admits that he was tempted to accept, but he recalls, I realised that a top-class footballer could be over the hill by the age of 30, and I was already 23. I decided to become an actor and it turned out to be one of my more intelligent moves, looking to pick up some extra money, Connery helped out backstage at the Kings Theatre in late 1951. He became interested in the proceedings, and a career was launched, the production returned the following year out of popular demand, and Connery was promoted to the featured role of Lieutenant Buzz Adams, which Larry Hagman had portrayed in the West End. While in Edinburgh, Connery was targeted by the notorious Valdor gang, there Connery launched an attack single-handedly against the gang members, grabbing one by the throat and another by a biceps and cracked their heads together
25.
Clancy Brown
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He also voices Alec Ryder in Mass Effect, Andromeda. Brown was born in 1959 in Urbana, Ohio, and had an older sister and their mother, Joyce Helen, was a conductor, composer, and concert pianist. Their father, Clarence J. Bud Brown, Jr. helped manage the Brown Publishing Company, from 1965 to 1983, Bud Brown also served as a congressman, and later as Chairman of the Board of Brown Publishing. The family operated the business until 2010, Brown graduated from St. Albans School in Washington, DC, as his family lived there much of the time while his father was serving in Congress. He played on the team there and later earned a scholarship to Northwestern University. Due to his height, deep voice and large frame, Brown is often cast in the roles of villains or authority figures. His career tends to alternate among mainstream television and cable, major studio and independent movies, Brown is known for his role as the Kurgan in the 1986 film Highlander, his role as Capt. He also played a role in Flubber as one of the henchmen that get harmed by uncontrollably bouncing sports equipment. In 1989, he appeared in the action thriller Blue Steel, in 2001, he played a magical character credited as The granter of wishes in the Hallmark version of Snow White. In 2007, he played the Viking leader opposite Karl Urban in Pathfinder and he starred in several independent films in 2008, The Burrowers, screened at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2008, and released in the United States on DVD in April 2009, and The Twenty. He appeared in Steven Soderberghs 2009 film The Informant, opposite Matt Damon in which he played an attorney. He also portrayed Alan Smith in Samuel Bayers 2010 remake of the horror film A Nightmare on Elm Street, in 2011, he starred in Cowboys & Aliens alongside Daniel Craig, Harrison Ford and Olivia Wilde. He is cast as the voice of The Goon in the animated feature film. He also stars as Albert Marconi in the adaptation of the David Wong novel, John Dies at the End. Brown was a regular on the science fiction series Earth 2 from 1994 to 1995. Brown was notable as the sinister preacher Brother Justin Crowe in the HBO series Carnivàle, though the series only ran for two seasons, Carnivàle has attained a cult popularity and his performance was applauded by critics for showcasing a new side to his acting talents. He also starred in the Showtime production In the Company of Spies, Brown also appeared as the frontiersman Simon Kenton, the key to Americas westward expansion, in the 2000 Kentucky Educational Television production A Walk with Simon Kenton. Kenton resembled Brown in stature and is buried in Browns hometown, Brown most recently appeared as Hart Sterling, founding partner of fictional law firm Sterling, Huddle, Oppenheim & Craft in ABCs The Deep End
26.
Queen (band)
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Queen are a British rock band that formed in London in 1970. Their classic line-up was Freddie Mercury, Brian May, Roger Taylor, before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with elaborate stage. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested Queen as a new band name, John Deacon was recruited before the band recorded their eponymous debut album in 1973. The latter featured Bohemian Rhapsody, which stayed at one in the UK for nine weeks. The bands 1977 album News of the World contained We Will Rock You and We Are the Champions, by the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at the 1985 Live Aid concert has been ranked among the greatest in history by various music publications. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, since then, May and Taylor have performed under the name of Queen with Paul Rodgers and Adam Lambert as vocalists on several tours. The band have released a total of 18 number-one albums,18 number-one singles, estimates of their record sales generally range from 150 million to 300 million records, making them one of the worlds best-selling music artists. Queen received the Outstanding Contribution to British Music Award from the British Phonographic Industry in 1990 and they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001. In 1968, guitarist Brian May, a student at Londons Imperial College, may placed an advertisement on a college notice board for a Mitch Mitchell/Ginger Baker type drummer, Roger Taylor, a young dental student, auditioned and got the job. While attending Ealing Art College, Tim Staffell became friends with Farrokh Bulsara, Bulsara felt that he and the band had the same tastes and soon became a keen fan of Smile. In 1970, after Staffell left to join the band Humpy Bong, the band had a number of bass players during this period who did not fit with the bands chemistry. It was not until February 1971 that they settled on John Deacon and they recorded four of their own songs, Liar, Keep Yourself Alive, The Night Comes Down and Jesus, for a demo tape, no record companies were interested. It was also around this time Freddie changed his surname to Mercury, inspired by the line Mother Mercury, on 2 July 1971, Queen played their first show in the classic line-up of Mercury, May, Taylor and Deacon at a Surrey college outside London. Having attended art college, Mercury also designed Queens logo, called the Queen crest, the logo combines the zodiac signs of all four members, two lions for Leo, a crab for Cancer, and two fairies for Virgo. The lions embrace a stylised letter Q, the crab rests atop the letter with flames rising directly above it, There is also a crown inside the Q and the whole logo is over-shadowed by an enormous phoenix. The whole symbol bears a resemblance to the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
27.
Princes of the Universe
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Princes of the Universe is a song written by Freddie Mercury and performed by the British rock band Queen. The song was written for the soundtrack of the movie Highlander, a music video for the song, which featured Mercury sword-fighting, achieved some notoriety. Princes of the Universe, written for Highlander, is the song on the album for which Mercury receives sole credit. The songs name comes from the working title of the film. It is played over the opening credits, and was later used as the opening theme for Highlander. The song was never released as a single in the United Kingdom, in the movie, the guitar solo in the beginning is deleted. The lyrics are from the perspective of the immortals, about the state of being immortal, the superiority it gives them to humans. Some of the lyrics can be interpreted as regarding Queen themselves, People talk about you, people say youve had your day / Im a man that will go far, find the moon and reach for the stars. The song Who Wants to Live Forever, which features in the film, is the foil of this song. The music video was directed by Russell Mulcahy, and was shot on 14 February 1986 at Elstree Studios and it consists mostly of Queen performing the song, intercut with scenes from Highlander. Christopher Lambert reprises his role as Connor MacLeod for an appearance, where he swordfights Freddie Mercury. Brian May is seen playing a Washburn RR11V instead of his Red Special, although the single did not chart in the US, the video was regularly played on MTV. Before its release on Greatest Flix III and Greatest Video Hits 2, it was rarely seen outside of North America
28.
The Sicilian (film)
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The Sicilian is a 1987 action film based on the novel of the same name by Mario Puzo. It was directed by Michael Cimino and stars Christopher Lambert, Joss Ackland, Salvatore Giuliano, the infamous bandit, together with his rag-tag band of guerrillas, attempted to liberate early 1950s Sicily from Italian rule and make it an American state. Giuliano robs from the conservative landowners to give to the peasants. As his popularity grows, so does his ego, and he thinks he is above the power of his backer. The Don, in turn, sets out to kill the upstart by convincing his cousin, nattore Andreas Katsulas as Passatempa Michael Wincott as Cpl. Silvestro Canio Ramon Bieri as Quintana Oliver Cotton as Cmdr, david Begelman, head of Gladden Entertainment at the time, hired Michael Cimino to direct. When producer Bruce McNall met with Cimino at a dinner in Los Angeles, he complained loudly about the script, Cimino wanted Christopher Lambert for the lead role and Begelman was concerned about a French actor starring in a movie about an Italian hero in an English-speaking movie. To move forward, Begelman and McNall gave Cimino what he wanted with regards to the script, gore Vidal did some uncredited rewrite work on the film. Vidal sued both screenwriter Steve Shagan and the Writers Guild of America to receive screenplay credit, I was defrauded of my work. Vidal eventually won the suit against WGA, in the DVD commentary of Year of the Dragon, Cimino said he learned a lot from working with Vidal. The film was shot on location in Sicily in the spring, in late April 1986, Begelman and McNall discovered that the film was over budget and behind schedule. The problems involved mostly hang-ups with personnel and equipment, nothing on the scale of Ciminos Heavens Gate, one exception was some low-level Mafia men who controlled certain locations and union workers. Cimino suggested that Begelman and McNall meet with Mafia men to overcome the impasse, upon meeting them in a restaurant off the main piazza, the producers discovered that the Mafia men wanted to appear in the film. Once we all understood, wrote McNall, the fix was easy, there were plenty of little roles for walk-ons and extras. And if a real role didnt exist, we could pretend to some of the guys. Once the problem was solved, Cimino had access to the countryside, after location work was finished, Cimino took the footage straight to his editing room to begin cutting. Cimino did not report any of his progress on the editing as the months passed until he delivered a 150-minute cut of the film, under his contract with the producers, Cimino had the right to final cut as long as the film was under 120 minutes long. Cimino insisted that no more cuts could be made and pressed Begelman and McNall to present the current version to 20th Century Fox, the films domestic distributor
29.
Michael Cimino
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Michael Cimino was an American film director, screenwriter, producer and author. Cimino was born in New York City and graduated from Yale University in 1963, beginning his career filming commercials, he moved to Los Angeles to take up screenwriting in 1971. After co-writing the script of Magnum Force and Silent Running, he wrote the preliminary script Thunderbolt, Clint Eastwood read the script and sent it to his personal production company, which allowed Cimino to direct the film. After its success, Cimino co-wrote, directed, and produced the 1978 Academy Award-winning film The Deer Hunter and his next film, Heavens Gate, proved to be a financial failure. Cimino directed four movies after Heavens Gate, but none were as successful as The Deer Hunter, Cimino was born in New York City on February 3,1939. A third-generation Italian-American, Cimino and his brothers grew up with their parents in Old Westbury and he was regarded as a prodigy at the private schools his parents sent him to, but rebelled as an adolescent by consorting with delinquents, getting into fights, and coming home drunk. Of this time, Cimino described himself as always hanging around with kids my parents didnt approve of, when I was fifteen I spent three weeks driving all over Brooklyn with a guy who was following his girlfriend. He was convinced she was cheating on him, and he had a gun, there was such passion and intensity about their lives. When the rich kids got together, the most we ever did was cross against a red light and his father was a music publisher. Cimino says his father was responsible for marching bands and organs playing pop music at football games, when my father found out I went into the movie business, he didnt talk to me for a year, Cimino said. He was very tall and thin and his weight never changed his whole life and he didnt have a gray hair on his head. He was a bit like a Vanderbilt or a Whitney, one of those guys and he was the life of the party, women loved him, a real womanizer. He was away a lot, but he was fun and his mother was a costume designer. After he made The Deer Hunter, she said that she knew he had become famous because his name was in the New York Times crossword puzzle, Cimino graduated from Westbury High School in 1956. He entered Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan, at Michigan State, Cimino majored in graphic arts, was a member of a weight-lifting club, and participated in a group to welcome incoming students. He graduated in 1959 with honors and won the Harry Suffrin Advertising Award, in Ciminos final year at Michigan State, he became art director, and later managing editor, of the schools humor magazine Spartan. Steven Bach wrote of Ciminos early magazine work, It is here one can see what are perhaps the first public manifestations of the Cimino visual sensibility. He thoroughly restyled the Spartans derivative Punch look, designing a number of its strikingly handsome covers himself, the Cimino-designed covers are bold and strong, with a sure sense of space and design
30.
Mario Puzo
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Mario Gianluigi Puzo was an American author, screenwriter and journalist of Italian descent. He is known for his novels about the Mafia, most notably The Godfather. He received the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for the first film in 1972, Puzo also wrote the original screenplay for the 1978 Superman film. His last novel, The Family, was released posthumously in 2001, Puzo was born in the Hells Kitchen neighborhood of New York City, into a poor family from Pietradefusi, Province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. Many of his books draw heavily on this heritage, after graduating from the City College of New York, he joined the United States Army Air Forces in World War II. Due to his eyesight, the military did not let him undertake combat duties. In 1950, his first short story, The Last Christmas, was published in American Vanguard, after the war, he wrote his first book, The Dark Arena, which was published in 1955. At periods in the 1950s and early 1960s, Puzo worked as a writer/editor for publisher Martin Goodmans Magazine Management Company. Puzo, along other writers like Bruce Jay Friedman, worked for the company line of mens magazines, pulp titles like Male, True Action. Under the pseudonym Mario Cleri, Puzo wrote World War II adventure features for True Action. Puzos most famous work, The Godfather, was encouraged by a suggestion of the publisher of his The Fortunate Pilgrim who thought that if there was more mafia that it would have more successful. A story outline was prepared and presented to the publisher, who rejected it, after several publishers were approached, Putnam editors met with him without having read the outline. He told them a few stories and the project was approved, with the advance, he got on with the project. He had heard anecdotes about Mafia organizations during his time in pulp journalism and he was looking to write something that would appeal to the masses. He found his audience with the novel, a bestseller for months on the New York Times Best Seller List. The book was developed into the film The Godfather, directed by Francis Ford Coppola. The movie received 3 awards of the 11 Academy Award category nominations, Coppola and Puzo then collaborated on sequels to the original film, The Godfather Part II and The Godfather Part III. Puzo wrote the first draft of the script for the 1974 disaster film Earthquake, Puzo also wrote the original screenplay for Richard Donners Superman which, at the time, also included the plot for Superman II, as they were originally written as one film
31.
Salvatore Giuliano
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Salvatore Giuliano was a Sicilian bandit, who rose to prominence in the disorder which followed the Allied invasion of Sicily in 1943. He maintained a band of subordinates for most of his career and he was a flamboyant, high-profile criminal, attacking the police at least as often as they sought him. In addition, he was a local power-broker in Sicilian politics between 1945 and 1948, including his role as a colonel for the Movement for the Independence of Sicily. He and his band were held responsible for the Portella della Ginestra massacre. The widespread international press coverage he attracted made him an embarrassment to the Italian government and he was killed in 1950 amid convoluted circumstances. The historian Eric Hobsbawm described him as the last of the peoples bandits, Giuliano was born on 16 November 1922, in Montelepre, a rural village in western Sicily, the fourth and youngest child of Salvatore Giuliano, Sr. and Maria Lombardo. His parents were landed peasants who had spent some of their lives in the United States where they had earned the money to buy their farmland. Turi or Turridu – as he was known to him from his father – attended primary school in the village from the age of 10 to 13. Although he was a student, when his older brother Giuseppe was drafted into the Italian armed forces in 1935. He soon tired of the drudgery of work, hired a substitute from the village to take his place, and began trading in olive oil. Later in life he claimed that he quit school as much from youthful impulsiveness as from economic necessity, the outbreak of World War II brought him opportunities in the form of jobs installing road barriers and telephone infrastructure. He performed well, but was dismissed from both jobs after disputes with his bosses, at the time of the Allied Invasion of Sicily in July 1943, Giuliano was once again trading in olive oil. The most immediate trouble caused by the Allied invasion was the breakdown of government structures, especially in the cities, up to 70% of the food was supplied through the black market, including small-scale operators to large scale, well-financed and well-organized operations. With a horse brought home from the war by his brother, the Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories used the remnants of the previous fascist government, especially the Polizia and Carabinieri, to suppress the black market. Since their pay was irregular and most of their income was bribes from major black marketeers, on 2 September 1943, Giuliano was caught at a Carabinieri check point transporting two sacks of black market grain. While trying to negotiate his release in return for surrendering the grain, when one of the officers raised his weapon, Giuliano shot and killed him. He was shot in the back as he fled, after the escape and an operation arranged by his family, he hid out in the family home. On Christmas Eve 1943, the Carabinieri moved into Montelepre to apprehend Giuliano, the operation included mass arrests—a dragnet
32.
Agnieszka Holland
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Agnieszka Holland is a Polish film and television director and screenwriter. Best known for her contributions to Polish cinema, Holland is one of Polands most eminent filmmakers. She began her career as assistant to directors Krzysztof Zanussi and Andrzej Wajda, Holland is best known for her films Europa Europa and her 2011 drama In Darkness, which was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards. In 2017 she received Alfred Bauer Prize for her film Spoor at the Berlin International Film Festival, Holland was born in Warsaw, Poland in 1948. She is the daughter of journalists Irena and Henryk Holland, Hollands mother was Catholic and her father Jewish, but she was not brought up in any religious faith. Her father was a member of the Communist Party of Poland who served in the Red Army during World War II, after the war, he returned to Stalinist Poland and wrote propaganda articles attacking the Polish underground Home Army. His own parents were killed in the Warsaw Ghetto, Hollands mother participated in the 1944 Warsaw Uprising as a member of the Polish resistance movement, Hollands Catholic mother aided several Jews during the Holocaust and received the Righteous Among the Nations medal from the Yad Vashem Institute in Israel. Holland was often ill as a child, and spent much of her writing, drawing and directing short plays with other children. Hollands father died under police interrogation when she was 13 years old, although official reports labeled his death a suicide, his family and others believe he was murdered by the communist police, by defenestration. Holland’s mother later married journalist Stanislaw Brodzki, Holland attended the Stefan Batory Gymnasium and Lyceum in Warsaw. They seemed to be interesting to me, unlike what was being made in Poland at that time. At FAMU, she met her future husband and fellow director. Holland witnessed the Prague Spring of 1968 while in Czechoslovakia, and was arrested for her support of the dissident movement for the government reforms, Holland graduated from FAMU in 1971. Her daughter with Adamik, Kasia, is also a director, Holland began her career as an assistant director for Polish film directors Krzysztof Zanussi and Andrzej Wajda. Her credits include Zanussis 1973 film, Iluminacja, and Wajdas 1983 film and she was first assistant director on Wajda’s 1976 Man of Marble, an experience which gave her the capability to explore political and moral issues within the confines of an oppressive regime. Her first major film was Provincial Actors, a 1978 chronicle of tense backstage relations within a theater company which was an allegory of Polands contemporary political situation. It won the International Critics Prize at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival, Holland directed two more major films in Poland, Fever and A Lonely Woman in 1981, before emigrating to France shortly before the December 1981 imposition of martial law in Poland. She was told that she could not return to Poland, and was unable to see or even have any contact with her daughter for over eight months
33.
To Kill a Priest
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To Kill a Priest is a 1988 drama film directed by Agnieszka Holland. The film tells a story based on the murder, under the Polish communist regime and it stars Christopher Lambert as a fictionalized version of Popiełuszko and Ed Harris as the secret police captain set to assassinate him. The main theme, Crimes of Cain, was written and performed by Joan Baez, to Kill a Priest at the Internet Movie Database To Kill a Priest at Box Office Mojo To Kill a Priest at Rotten Tomatoes
34.
Polish People's Republic
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The Polish Peoples Republic covers the history of Poland under Communist control between 1952 and 1990. The name was defined by the Constitution of 1952 which was based on the 1936 Soviet Constitution, between 1947 and 1952, the name of the Polish state was the Republic of Poland, in accordance with the temporary Constitution of 1947. The Soviet Union had much influence over internal and external affairs, and Red Army forces were stationed in Poland. In 1945, Soviet generals and advisors formed 80% of the cadre of the Polish Armed Forces. The Polish United Workers Party became the dominant political party, officially making the country a Communist state, at the Yalta Conference in February 1945, Stalin was able to present his western allies, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, with a fait accompli in Poland. His armed forces were in occupation of the country, and his agents, the USSR was in the process of incorporating the lands in eastern Poland which it had occupied between 1939 and 1941. In compensation, the USSR awarded Poland German territories in Pomerania, Silesia and these awards were confirmed at the Tripartite Conference of Berlin, otherwise known as the Potsdam Conference in August 1945 after the end of the war in Europe. Stalin was determined that Polands new government would become his tool towards making Poland a Soviet puppet state controlled by the communists. He had severed relations with the Polish government-in-exile in London in 1943, the communists held a majority of key posts in this new government, and with Soviet support they soon gained almost total control of the country, rigging all elections. This important victory would be their last, however, as the communists, tightening their grip on power, many of their opponents decided to leave the country, and others were put on staged trials and sentenced to many years of imprisonment or execution. In June 1946 the Three Times Yes referendum was held on a number of issues—abolition of the Senate of Poland, land reform, the communist-controlled Interior Ministry issued results showing that all three questions passed overwhelmingly. Years later, however, evidence was uncovered showing that the referendum had been tainted by massive fraud, Gomułka then took advantage of a split in the Polish Socialist Party. One faction, which included Prime Minister Edward Osóbka-Morawski, wanted to join forces with the Peasant Party, another faction, led by Józef Cyrankiewicz, argued that the Socialists should support the Communists in carrying through a socialist program, while opposing the imposition of one-party rule. Pre-war political hostilities continued to influence events, and Mikołajczyk would not agree to form a front with the Socialists. The Communists played on these divisions by dismissing Osóbka-Morawski and making Cyrankiewicz Prime Minister, between the referendum and the January 1947 general elections, the opposition was subjected to persecution. Only the candidates of the pro-government Democratic Bloc were allowed to campaign completely unmolested, meanwhile, several opposition candidates were prevented from campaigning at all. Mikołajczyks Polish Peoples Party in particular suffered persecution, it had opposed the abolition of the Senate as a test of strength against the government, although it supported the other two questions, the Communist-dominated government branded the PSL traitors. This massive oppression was overseen by Gomułka and the provisional president, the official results of the election showed the Democratic Bloc with 80.1 percent of the vote
35.
Christopher Lloyd
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Lloyd has an equally prominent television profile, having won two Primetime Emmy Awards for playing Jim Ignatowski on the comedy series Taxi. He earned a third Emmy for his 1992 guest appearance on Road to Avonlea and he has also done extensive voiceover work for animated programs, most notably voicing The Hacker on the PBS Kids series Cyberchase. The role earned him two Daytime Emmy Award nominations. Lloyd was born on October 22,1938, in Stamford, Connecticut, the son of Samuel R. Lloyd, Jr, a lawyer, and his wife Ruth, a singer and sister of San Francisco mayor Roger Lapham. He is the youngest of four girls and three boys, one of whom, Samuel Lloyd, was an actor in the 1950s and 1960s. Lloyds maternal grandfather, Lewis Henry Lapham, was one of the founders of the Texaco oil company, Lloyd was raised in New Canaan, Connecticut. Lloyd began his career apprenticing at summer theaters in Mount Kisco, New York, power Failure, and, in mid-1972, appeared in a Jean Cocteau double bill, Orphee and The Human Voice, at the Jean Cocteau Theater at 43 Bond Street. Lloyd returned to Broadway for the musical Happy End and he performed in Andrzej Wajdas adaptation of Dostoyevskys The Possessed at Yale Repertory Theater, and in Jay Broads premiere of White Pelican at the P. A. F. Playhouse in Huntington Station, New York, on Long Island, in 1977, he said of his training at the Neighborhood Playhouse under Meisner, My work up to then had been very uneven. I would be one night, dull the next. Meisner made me aware of how to be consistent in using the best that I have to offer, but I guess nobody can teach you the knack, or whatever it is, that helps you come to life on stage. His first movie role was as a patient in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest. In 1985, he was in Street Hawk the pilot episode, in 1986, he played the reviled Professor B. O. Beanes on the television series Amazing Stories, Lloyd portrayed the star character in the adventure game Toonstruck, released in November 1996. In 1999, he was reunited onscreen with Michael J and that same year, Lloyd starred in the movie remake of the 1960s series My Favorite Martian. He starred on the television series Deadly Games in the mid-1990s and was a regular on the sitcom Stacked in the mid-2000s, in 2003, he guest-starred in three of the 13 produced episodes of Tremors, The Series as the character Cletus Poffenburger. In November 2007, Lloyd was reunited onscreen with his former Taxi co-star Judd Hirsch in the season-four episode Graphic of the television series Numb3rs and he played Ebenezer Scrooge in a 2008 production of A Christmas Carol at the Kodak Theatre with John Goodman and Jane Leeves. In 2009, he appeared in a trailer for a faux horror film entitled Gobstopper
36.
Turkey
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Turkey, officially the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is a democratic, secular, unitary, parliamentary republic with a cultural heritage. The country is encircled by seas on three sides, the Aegean Sea is to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the countrys largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Approximately 70-80% of the countrys citizens identify themselves as ethnic Turks, other ethnic groups include legally recognised and unrecognised minorities. Kurds are the largest ethnic minority group, making up approximately 20% of the population, the area of Turkey has been inhabited since the Paleolithic by various ancient Anatolian civilisations, as well as Assyrians, Greeks, Thracians, Phrygians, Urartians and Armenians. After Alexander the Greats conquest, the area was Hellenized, a process continued under the Roman Empire. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243, the empire reached the peak of its power in the 16th century, especially during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. During the war, the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian, Assyrian, following the war, the conglomeration of territories and peoples that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire was partitioned into several new states. Turkey is a member of the UN, an early member of NATO. Turkeys growing economy and diplomatic initiatives have led to its recognition as a regional power while her location has given it geopolitical, the name of Turkey is based on the ethnonym Türk. The first recorded use of the term Türk or Türük as an autonym is contained in the Old Turkic inscriptions of the Göktürks of Central Asia, the English name Turkey first appeared in the late 14th century and is derived from Medieval Latin Turchia. Similarly, the medieval Khazar Empire, a Turkic state on the shores of the Black. The medieval Arabs referred to the Mamluk Sultanate as al-Dawla al-Turkiyya, the Ottoman Empire was sometimes referred to as Turkey or the Turkish Empire among its European contemporaries. The Anatolian peninsula, comprising most of modern Turkey, is one of the oldest permanently settled regions in the world, various ancient Anatolian populations have lived in Anatolia, from at least the Neolithic period until the Hellenistic period. Many of these peoples spoke the Anatolian languages, a branch of the larger Indo-European language family, in fact, given the antiquity of the Indo-European Hittite and Luwian languages, some scholars have proposed Anatolia as the hypothetical centre from which the Indo-European languages radiated. The European part of Turkey, called Eastern Thrace, has also been inhabited since at least forty years ago. It is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site found to date, the settlement of Troy started in the Neolithic Age and continued into the Iron Age
37.
Highlander II: The Quickening
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Highlander II, The Quickening is a 1991 American science fiction action film directed by Russell Mulcahy and starring Christopher Lambert, Sean Connery, Virginia Madsen, and Michael Ironside. It is the installment to the Highlander film series. In August 1994, news broadcasts announce that the layer is fading. In Africa, millions have perished from the effects of unfiltered sunlight, among the dead is Connor MacLeods wife, Brenda Wyatt MacLeod. Before dying, Brenda extracts a promise from Connor that he solve the problem of the ozone layer. The team succeeds, in effect giving Earth an artificial ozone layer, MacLeod and Neyman are proud to have saved humanity, and believe they will be remembered for a thousand years. The shield has the effect of condemning the planet to a state of constant night, a high average global temperature. By 2024, the years of darkness have caused humanity to lose hope, the shield has fallen under the control of the Shield Corporation. The corporation’s current chief executive, David Blake, is focused on profit, a number of terrorist groups have begun trying to take down the Shield, among them Louise Marcus, a former employee of the Shield Corporation. Meanwhile, MacLeod, now an old man, expects to eventually die of natural causes. As he watches a performance of Wagner’s Götterdämmerung, an image of Juan Sanchez Villa-Lobos Ramirez appears, on the planet Zeist, a last meeting is held between the members of a rebellion against the rule of General Katana. The rebellion’s leader, Ramirez, chooses a man of destiny from among them—MacLeod—to carry out a mission against Katana. At this moment, Katana and his troops attack, crushing the rebellion, Katana orders his men to capture Ramirez and MacLeod alive and kill the rest of the rebels. The two captives are put on trial by Zeists priests, who sentence them to be exiled, winning the Prize gives the victor the choice to either grow old and die on Earth, or to return to Zeist. Katana is unsatisfied with their decision, but the sentence is executed, back in 2024, Louise Marcus discovers that the ozone layer has in fact restored itself naturally, which means that the shield is no longer needed. The Shield Corporation is aware of this development, but has chosen to hide it from the public in order to maintain its main source of profit. Meanwhile, on Zeist, Katana decides that MacLeod cannot be allowed to return, Marcus manages to reach MacLeod first, and asks for his help in taking down the Shield. To her disappointment, she finds the person she once admired has grown into a tired old man
38.
Argentina
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Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a federal republic in the southern half of South America. With a mainland area of 2,780,400 km2, Argentina is the eighth-largest country in the world, the second largest in Latin America, and the largest Spanish-speaking one. The country is subdivided into provinces and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system, Argentina claims sovereignty over part of Antarctica, the Falkland Islands, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. The earliest recorded presence in the area of modern-day Argentina dates back to the Paleolithic period. The country has its roots in Spanish colonization of the region during the 16th century, Argentina rose as the successor state of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, a Spanish overseas viceroyalty founded in 1776. The country thereafter enjoyed relative peace and stability, with waves of European immigration radically reshaping its cultural. The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Argentina becoming the seventh wealthiest developed nation in the world by the early 20th century, Argentina retains its historic status as a middle power in international affairs, and is a prominent regional power in the Southern Cone and Latin America. Argentina has the second largest economy in South America, the third-largest in Latin America and is a member of the G-15 and it is the country with the second highest Human Development Index in Latin America with a rating of very high. Because of its stability, market size and growing high-tech sector, the description of the country by the word Argentina has to be found on a Venice map in 1536. In English the name Argentina probably comes from the Spanish language, however the naming itself is not Spanish, Argentina means in Italian of silver, silver coloured, probably borrowed from the Old French adjective argentine of silver > silver coloured already mentioned in the 12th century. The French word argentine is the form of argentin and derives of argent silver with the suffix -in. The Italian naming Argentina for the country implies Argentina Terra land of silver or Argentina costa coast of silver, in Italian, the adjective or the proper noun is often used in an autonomous way as a substantive and replaces it and it is said lArgentina. The name Argentina was probably first given by the Venitian and Genoese navigators, in Spanish and Portuguese, the words for silver are respectively plata and prata and of silver is said plateado and prateado. Argentina was first associated with the silver mountains legend, widespread among the first European explorers of the La Plata Basin. The first written use of the name in Spanish can be traced to La Argentina, a 1602 poem by Martín del Barco Centenera describing the region, the 1826 constitution included the first use of the name Argentine Republic in legal documents. The name Argentine Confederation was also used and was formalized in the Argentine Constitution of 1853. In 1860 a presidential decree settled the name as Argentine Republic
