1.
Hermosa Beach, California
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Hermosa Beach is a beachfront city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Its population was 19,506 at the 2010 census, the city is located in the South Bay region of the greater Los Angeles area and is one of the three Beach Cities. Hermosa Beach is bordered by the two, Manhattan Beach to the north and Redondo Beach to the south and east. The citys beach is popular for sunbathing, beach volleyball, surfing, paddleboarding, the city itself extends only about 15 blocks from east to west and 40 blocks from north to south, with the Pacific Coast Highway running down the middle. Situated on the Pacific Ocean, Hermosas average temperature is 70°F in the summer, westerly sea breezes lessen what can be high summertime temperatures in Los Angeles and elsewhere in the county and help keep the smog away 360 days of the year. Hermosa Beach was originally part of the 1784 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that became the ten-mile Ocean frontage of Rancho Sausal Redondo. In 1900 a tract of 1,500 acres was purchased for $35 per acre from A. E. Pomroy, the Spanish words Rancho Sausal Redondo mean a large circular ranch of pasture of grazing land, with a grove of willow on it. The first official survey was made in the year 1901 for the walk on the Strand, Hermosa Avenue and Santa Fe Avenue. In 1904 the first pier was built and it was constructed entirely of wood even to the pilings and it extended five hundred feet out into the ocean. The pier was constructed by the Hermosa Beach Land and Water Company, in 1913 this old pier was partly washed away and later torn down and a new one built to replace it. This pier was built of concrete 1,000 feet long, small tiled pavilions were erected at intervals along the sides to afford shade for fishermen and picnic parties. A bait stand was eventually out on the end. The Los Angeles Pacific Railway, a system, was the first railway in Hermosa Beach. A few years later it was merged with most all other companies in the region to form the new Pacific Electric Railway Company. The Santa Fe Railway was next through Hermosa Beach and it was seven blocks from the beach. The street that led to the tracks was called Santa Fe Avenue, in 1926, the Santa Fe Company built a modern stucco depot and installed Western Union telegraph service in it. The first city election for city officers was held December 24,1906, on January 14,1907, Hermosa Beach became the nineteenth incorporated city of Los Angeles County. Hermosa is a Spanish word meaning beautiful, Hermosa Beach is located at 33°51′59″N 118°23′59″W
2.
Hardcore punk
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Hardcore punk is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s. It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock, New York punk had a harder-edged sound than its San Francisco counterpart, featuring anti-art expressions of masculine anger, energy and subversive humor. Hardcore punk generally disavows commercialism, the music industry and anything similar to the characteristics of mainstream rock. Hardcore sprouted underground scenes across the United States in the early 1980s, particularly in Washington, New York, New Jersey, and Boston—as well as in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Hardcore has spawned the straight movement and its associated submovements, hardline. Hardcore was heavily involved with the rise of the independent record labels in the 1980s and it has also influenced various music genres that have experienced widespread commercial success, including alternative rock, thrash metal, emo and metalcore. While traditional hardcore has never experienced mainstream success, some of its early pioneers have garnered appreciation over time. In 2011, Rolling Stone writer David Fricke placed Greg Ginn of Black Flag 99th place in his 100 Greatest Guitarists list, although the music genre started in English-speaking western countries, notable hardcore scenes have existed in Italy, Brazil, Japan, Europe and the Middle East. The origin of the hardcore punk is uncertain. The Vancouver-based band D. O. A. may have helped to popularize the term with the title of their 1981 album, Hardcore 81. C. Hardcore historian Steven Blush said that the term hardcore is also a reference to the sense of being fed up with the existing punk, Blush also states that the term refers to an extreme, the absolute most Punk. One definition of the genre is a form of exceptionally harsh punk rock, like the Oi. subgenre of the UK, hardcore punk can be considered an internal music reaction. According to one writer, distressed by the artificiality of much post-punk, lacking the art-school grace of post-punk, hardcore punk favor low key visual aesthetic over extravagance and breaking with original punk rock song patterns. One of the important philosophies in the scene is authenticity. The pejorative term poseur is applied to those who associate with punk and adopt its stylistic attributes but are deemed not to share or understand the underlying values and philosophy. Joe Keithley, the vocalist of D. O. A. said in an interview, in the vein of earlier punk rock, most hardcore punk bands have followed the traditional singer/guitar/bass/drum format. The songwriting has more emphasis on rather than melody. Critic Steven Blush writes The Sex Pistols were still rocknroll. like the craziest version of Chuck Berry, Hardcore was a radical departure from that
3.
Punk rock
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Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as proto-punk music, Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic, many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels, the term punk was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s, to describe garage bands and their devotees. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world, for the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment, by the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and street punk had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk. At the end of the 20th century, punk rock had been adopted by the mainstream, as pop punk and punk bands such as Green Day. The first wave of rock was aggressively modern, distancing itself from the bombast. According to Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone, In its initial form, unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere, by 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bullshit rock n roll. In critic Robert Christgaus description, It was also a subculture that rejected the political idealism. Technical accessibility and a DIY spirit are prized in punk rock, in the early days of punk rock, this ethic stood in marked contrast to what those in the scene regarded as the ostentatious musical effects and technological demands of many mainstream rock bands. Musical virtuosity was often looked on with suspicion, according to Holmstrom, punk rock was rock and roll by people who didnt have very many skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music. In December 1976, the English fanzine Sideburns published an illustration of three chords, captioned This is a chord, this is another, this is a third. The title of a 1980 single by the New York punk band Stimulators, inscribed a catchphrase for punks basic musical approach. The previous year, when the rock revolution began in Great Britain, was to be both a musical and a cultural Year Zero. As a Clash associate describes singer Joe Strummers outlook, Punk rock is meant to be our freedom, were meant to be able to do what we want to do. Scholar Daniel S. Traber argues that attaining authenticity in the identity can be difficult, as the punk scene matured, he observes
4.
Black Flag (band)
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Black Flag was an American punk rock band formed in 1976 in Hermosa Beach, California. Initially called Panic, the band was established by Greg Ginn, the guitarist, primary songwriter and they are widely considered to be one of the first hardcore punk bands as well as one of the pioneers of post-hardcore. After breaking up in 1986, Black Flag reunited in 2003, Black Flags sound mixed the raw simplicity of the Ramones with atonal guitar solos and, in later years, frequent tempo shifts. These themes were explored further when Henry Rollins joined the band as singer in 1981. Most of the material was released on Ginns independent record label. Over the course of the 1980s, Black Flags sound, as well as their notoriety and they also played longer, slower, and more complex songs at a time when other bands in their milieu performed a raw, fast, three-chord format. As a result, their extensive discography is more varied than many of their punk rock contemporaries. Black Flag was and remains well-respected within the subculture, primarily for their tireless promotion of an autonomous DIY punk ethic and aesthetic. They are often regarded as pioneers in the movement of underground do-it-yourself record labels that flourished among 1980s punk rock bands, through constant touring throughout the United States and Canada, and occasionally Europe, Black Flag established a dedicated cult following. Initially called Panic, Black Flag was formed in 1976 in Hermosa Beach, Ginn insisted that the band rehearse several hours a day. Ginns brother Raymond Pettibon and SST house record producer-to-be Spot filled in during rehearsals, in the beginning, Ginn and Morris were inspired by the raw, stripped-down attitude of bands such as the Ramones and Stooges. Ginn has said We were influenced by the Stooges and then the Ramones, Keith and myself saw the Ramones when they first toured LA in 1976. After we saw them, I said if they could do it we could do it, I thought Keith would be a good singer and after seeing the Ramones, it made him think that he doesnt have to be some classical operatic singer. Chuck Dukowski, bassist of Würm, liked Ginns band, and eventually joined, forming a quartet with Ginn, Morris. The band held their first performance in December 1977 in Redondo Beach, to avoid confusion with another band called Panic, they changed their name to Black Flag in late 1978. They played their first show under this name on January 27,1979 at the Moose Lodge Hall in Redondo Beach and this was the first time Dez Cadena saw the band perform. The name was suggested by Ginns brother, artist Raymond Pettibon, who designed the bands logo. Pettibon stated If a white flag means surrender, a black flag represents anarchy and their new name was reminiscent of the anarchist symbol, the insecticide of the same name, and of the British heavy metal band Black Sabbath, one of Ginns favorite bands
5.
Lucky Lehrer
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Lucky Lehrer is a drummer from Los Angeles, California who was voted the best punk drummer of all-time by fanzine, Flipside. He was originally trained in jazz but most famously played in LA punk rock bands, particularly the Circle Jerks, Redd Kross, Bad Religion, Darby Crash Band and LAs Wasted Youth, Lehrer also appeared in three notable documentary films charting the punk rock music scene. He is the brother of LAs Wasted Youth guitarist Chett Lehrer, Lehrer also teaches drums, with notable students being future Bad Religion drummers Pete Finestone and Bobby Schayer. Lucky credits his early start to his mother, who died of cancer. I quit guitar after 6 weeks and she let me try the drums, years later, she said that all the racket in the house from hours of practicing drums never bothered her, Lucky remembers. They visited jazz clubs until his mother died, such as Jaxx, Vibrato and La Ve Lee and he attributes his innovative, syncopated style to his interpretation of jazz and Latin drumming in a crash collision with speed metal. Early inspirations include jazz legends Buddy Rich and Max Roach, later influences involve John Bonham, session and Flamenco drummer Joey Heredia, and teaching pioneer Murray Spivak. The kit features a pair of 10” and 12” Piccolo toms DW designed in conjunction with Terry Bozzio that are positioned in lieu of a floor tom, the standard mounted “rack” tom tom is 10” in diameter. For touring, Lucky uses a 24” diameter bass drum but prefers a smaller drum for recording, for live shows he uses a one-off prototype 13” diameter custom concrete snare drum by DW that was a personal gift from DW Senior V. P. All hardware is heavy duty DW, Lucky uses a variety of DW drum heads made by Remo. On the batter side of his drum, a coated Remo Powerstroke 3. DW clear Pinstripes on the sides of toms, and coated. He uses a Pinstripe on the bass drum, the front is a logo head by Remo with a special hole pattern developed by John Good of DW. The Lucky Lehrer signature Speed Stick by Ahead that is distributed by Big Bang Percussion is designed to be lighter to support faster playing and it is made from a composite material so that the stick lasts longer and performers can play harder. In 2013 Lucky disbanded a long association with Zildjian and joined the roster of sponsored Sabian artists and he added more cymbals both to his live and studio drum kits, currently playing Sabian 16” AAX X-Plosion hi-hats remotely mounted to on a DW x-stacker. He also includes a 10” Sabian O-zone on a kit featuring a 20” AA Metal X-ride and two 16” Sabian crash cymbals and 14” AAX Fusion Hi-hats
6.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
7.
Flea (musician)
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Michael Peter Balzary, better known by his stage name Flea, is an Australian-American musician and actor best known as a founding member of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers. Flea briefly appeared as the bassist for such bands as What Is This and he has also performed with rock supergroups Atoms for Peace, Antemasque, Pigface, and Rocket Juice & the Moon. Flea has also collaborated with artists including The Mars Volta, Johnny Cash, Tom Waits, Alanis Morissette, in 2009, Rolling Stone readers ranked Flea the second-best bassist of all time, behind John Entwistle. In 2012 he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame with the members of the Red Hot Chili Peppers. In 2014, Flea returned to acting in the film Low Down, Flea is the co-founder of Silverlake Conservatory of Music, a non-profit music education organization founded in 2001 for underprivileged children. Michael Peter Balzary was born on October 16,1962 in the Melbourne suburb of Mount Waverley and he is of Hungarian and Irish descent. His father, Mick Balzary, a fisherman, often took him fishing. When Flea was seven, his family moved to Larchmont, New York for his fathers career, Flea and his siblings stayed with their mother Patricia, who soon remarried to a jazz musician. He was first called Flea as a child for his inability to sit still. Fleas stepfather, Walter Abdul Urban, frequently invited musicians to his house, the family moved again to Los Angeles, California, where Flea became fascinated with the trumpet. He had no interest in music at the time, he idolized jazz musicians like Miles Davis, Louis Armstrong. His stepfather was an alcoholic, who eventually became involved in shoot-outs with police. I was raised in a violent, alcoholic household, Flea later said, I grew up being terrified of my parents. It caused a lot of later in life. To cope, Flea began smoking cannabis at 13, and became a daily user, Flea, who was then nicknamed Mike K the Flea, attended Fairfax High School, and was somewhat of an outcast due to his taste in music and sex fetishes. However, he soon met Anthony Kiedis, and after a brief confrontation, Kiedis recalled, We were drawn to each other by the forces of mischief and love and we became virtually inseparable. We found each other and it turned out to be the friendship of my life. Flea was turned on to music by Hillel Slovak
8.
Dropkick Murphys
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The Dropkick Murphys are an American Celtic punk band formed in Quincy, Massachusetts in 1996. The 2004 single Tessie became the bands first mainstream hit and one of their biggest charting singles to date, the band is known for their loud, energetic live shows. In 2007, the band began releasing music through their own imprint label,6, giving the band their highest-charting album to date. The bands ninth album,11 Short Stories of Pain & Glory was released on January 6,2017, the band was named after Dr. John Dropkick Murphys alcohol-detoxification facility. The Dropkick Murphys, first started playing in the basement of a barbershop and soon began to tour. They received their first big break when The Mighty Mighty Bosstones selected them as the act for their 1997 tour in support of Lets Face It. After putting out a series of EPs, they were signed by Hellcat Records in 1997, in 1998 they released their first full-length album, Do or Die, which was produced by Rancids Lars Frederiksen. Lead singer Mike McColgan left the band in 1998 during the middle of a US tour with The Business, according to McColgan he wanted to follow in the footsteps of his uncle and join the Boston Fire Department, which he eventually would do in 2001. We apologize to anyone who was a fan of Mike as our singer, however contrary to popular rumor, Mike left the band because he is no longer interested in being a member of this band or the movement of which we are a part. The band goes on to explain that their music is serious to them. Even Mike felt that the band deserved a singer who was invested in the music. Mike would later return to the scene in 2003 as singer of the Street Dogs. Following McColgans departure, the searched for a replacement however were not having much luck. Barr went in to audition for the band, first performing a new song titled 10 Years of Service and was offered the job right away, Barrs first release with the band was the 19987 single for Curse of a Fallen Soul. On March 9,1999, the released their second studio album and first with Barr. The album featured more of a punk sound closer to that of Barrs former band, The Bruisers. The band gained their first mainstream exposure when the video for their single 10 Years of Service received airplay on the MTV show 120 Minutes, the band set out on a year-long tour to support the album. In late 1999, the band along with The Business, released a single titled
9.
The Offspring
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The Offspring is an American punk rock band from Huntington Beach, California, formed in 1984. Originally formed under the name Manic Subsidal, the band consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Dexter Holland, bassist Greg K. lead guitarist Kevin Noodles Wasserman and drummer Pete Parada. The Offspring went through lineup changes over the years, and Holland. The band is often credited—alongside fellow California punk bands Green Day, Bad Religion, NOFX, Pennywise and they have sold over 40 million records worldwide, being considered one of the best-selling punk rock bands of all time. To date, the Offspring has released nine studio albums and their first three albums for the independent record labels Nemesis and Epitaph earned them a cult following. Splinter was followed five years later by Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace, the Offspring is currently in production of their tenth studio album, which is due for release in 2017. The foundations for the Offspring began with guitarist/vocalist Bryan Dexter Holland and bassist Greg Kriesel playing music together in a garage in Cypress, at a party, and following a riot at a 1984 Social Distortion show, they decided to form a band called Manic Subsidal. Holland changed his role from drums to guitar, and the band was rounded out by singer Doug Thompson, marcus Parrish briefly joined as a second guitarist, however, no recordings were made at this point. After Thompson was forced out, Holland took over vocals, in 1985, school janitor Kevin Noodles Wasserman joined as a second guitarist, allegedly because he was old enough to purchase alcohol for the other members, who were under the legal drinking age. In 1986, after changing their name to The Offspring, the released their first single. They released the single on their self-made Black Label record company, an earlier version of Ill Be Waiting, which was then known as Fire and Ice, appeared on the long-out of print Subject to Blackout compilation tape, which was also released in 1986. Also in 1986, the Offspring recorded a tape, which received a positive review in Maximum Rocknroll magazine. Lilja left the Offspring in 1987 to pursue a career in gynecology, and was replaced by Ron Welty. After recording another demo in 1988, The Offspring signed a deal with a small-time label. In March 1989, the band teamed up with producer Thom Wilson to record their first album, the album was released in limited numbers by the label, only on the 12 vinyl and cassette formats, and was not released on CD until 1995. A six-week national tour followed, but Noodles was later stabbed during a performance at a Hollywood anti-nuclear benefit, in 1991 the Offspring teamed up with Wilson again to produce the Baghdad 7 EP and a third demo tape. This EP and demo were instrumental to the signing with Epitaph Records. In 1992 Thom Wilson and the Offspring returned to the studio to record their second album Ignition, the band went on U. S. tours with Pennywise and Lunachicks, and a European tour with NOFX
10.
Classical guitar
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The classical guitar is the member of the guitar family used in classical music. It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, the traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole. The modern steel string guitar, on the hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body and is commonly played off the hip. Examples of early guitars include the early romantic guitar. Classical guitar strings once made of catgut are now made of polymers as nylon. A guitar family tree may be identified, the flamenco guitar derives from the modern classical, but has differences in material, construction and sound. Todays modern classical guitar was established by the designs of the 19th-century Spanish luthier. Cultural baroque court music, 19th century opera and its influences, 19th century folk songs, Latin American music, thus over recent decades we have become accustomed to specialist artists with expertise in the art of vihuela, lute, Baroque guitar, 19th-century guitar, etc. Different types of guitars have different sound aesthetics, e. g. different colour-spectrum characteristics, different response and these guitars in turn sound different from the Torres models used by Segovia, that are suited for interpretations of romantic-modern works such as Moreno Torroba. When considering the guitar from a perspective, the musical instrument used is just as important as the musical language. As an example, It is impossible to play a historically informed de Visee or Corbetta on a classical guitar. The reason is that the guitar used courses, which are two strings close together, that are plucked together. This gives baroque guitars an unmistakable sound characteristic and tonal texture that is an part of an interpretation. Additionally the sound aesthetic of the guitar is very different from modern classical type guitars. However, they are considered to emphasize the fundamental too heavily for earlier repertoire, Some attribute this to the popularity of Segovia, considering him the catalyst for change toward the Spanish design and the so-called modern school in the 1920s and beyond. Some people consider it to have been influence of Segovia. It was the 19th century classical guitarist Francisco Tárrega who first popularized the Torres design as a solo instrument. Vihuela, renaissance guitars and baroque guitars have a bright sound - rich in overtones -, later in Spain a style of music emerged that favored a stronger fundamental, With the change of music a stronger fundamental was demanded and the fan bracing system was approached
11.
The Carpenters
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The Carpenters were an American vocal and instrumental duo consisting of siblings Karen and Richard Carpenter. Producing a distinctively soft musical style, they one of the best-selling music artists of all time. During their 14-year career, The Carpenters recorded 11 albums,31 singles, five television specials, and their career ended in 1983 by Karens death from heart failure brought on by complications of anorexia. Extensive news coverage surrounding the circumstances of her death increased public awareness of eating disorders, the Carpenters had three No.1 singles and five No.2 singles on the Billboard Hot 100 and fifteen No.1 hits on the Adult Contemporary chart. In addition, they had twelve top 10 singles, to date, The Carpenters album and single sales total more than 100 million units. Richard Carpenter was the force behind the Carpenters sound. An accomplished keyboard player, composer and arranger, Richard Carpenter was called by music critic Daniel Levitin one of the most gifted arrangers to emerge in popular music. In a period when music was dominated by heavy rock. Most of Richards arrangements were classical in style, with frequent use of strings and occasional brass, by use of multi-tracked recordings, Richard was able to use Karen and himself for the harmonies to back Karens lead. The overdubbed background harmonies were distinctive to the Carpenters, but it was the soulful, Karen did not possess a powerful singing voice, but close miking brought out many nuances in her performances. Richard Coles, a musician and broadcaster, commented, No singer is so closely miked up so unforgivingly as Karen Carpenter and that is frightening for singers because the closer the microphone the more unforgiving it is in exposing the weaknesses in a singers voice. Karens lower register was warm and distinctive, Richard arranged their music to take advantage of the qualities of said lower register, even if Karens full vocal range spanned over three octaves. Many of the Carpenters songs are in the keys of D, E flat, E, F and he also played the grand piano, Hammond organ, synthesizer and even the harpsichord with the band. In the recording studio, he often would overdub his acoustic piano parts with a Wurlitzer electric piano to thicken the sound, from the mid-1970s, Richard also used Fender Rhodes pianos. While touring, he often would have a piano as well as both a Rhodes and a Wurlitzer electric piano on stage for different songs. Karen was a drummer and initially only played drums. Before 1974, Karen played the drums for a number of their songs, according to Richard, she considered herself a drummer who sang. Although unwilling, she agreed to sing the ballads standing up front
12.
Bad Religion
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Bad Religion is an American punk rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1979. To date, Bad Religion has released sixteen albums, two live albums, three compilation albums, three EPs and two DVDs. They are considered to be one of the punk rock acts of all time. Bad Religion had built a following in the United States with their early albums before signing to Atlantic Records in 1993. They rose to fame that year with their seventh studio album and major-label debut Recipe for Hate. Shortly before the release of Stranger than Fiction, Gurewitz left Bad Religion to run his label Epitaph on a full-time basis, the band is expected to release their seventeenth studio album in 2017. Bad Religion was formed in Los Angeles in 1979 by high school students Greg Graffin, Jay Bentley, Jay Ziskrout, according to bassist Jay Bentley, Bad Religion started around November or December 1979, but no one can remember exactly. Greg Graffin wanted the year 2000 to be Bad Religions 20th birthday and their first public performance was playing 6 or 8 songs at a Fullerton, California or Santa Ana, California warehouse opening for Social Distortion. Their first official show was on November 11,1980 at Joey Kills Bar in Burbank, in 1981, the band released their initial eponymous album on the newly formed label, Epitaph Records, which was and continues to be managed and owned by Gurewitz. Also in 1981, the began recording their first full-length album. During the recording of album, drummer Jay Ziskrout quit the band. Released in 1982, How Could Hell Be Any Worse. was also distributed by the band under the Epitaph label, in 1983, the band released Into the Unknown, a keyboard-driven progressive hard rock album with a slightly slower pace. Almost all of the albums the band produced were out of the warehouse they were housed in without the bands knowledge. This incident, as well as band members increasingly divergent personal lives, soon after, Graffin reassembled Bad Religion with Circle Jerks guitarist Greg Hetson replacing Gurewitz, who had gone into rehab for his drug problem. Bad Religion returned to a mellower, rock and roll version of their original sound with the Back to the Known EP. Eventually the band split toward the middle of 1985, Bad Religion slowly reformed in 1986 out of the Back to the Known line-up when Graffin called Bentley and asked him to return. Bentleys response was tentative, but after being assured that the setlist consisted mostly of tracks from How Could Hell Be Any Worse and he agreed to return for one show, and ended up staying on because he had so much fun. A freshly rehabilitated Gurewitz was eventually convinced to come back aboard and this lineup recorded the bands third album, Suffer, which was released in 1988
