The civil rights movement was a long, primarily nonviolent series of actions to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. The era has had a lasting impact on American societ
Juvenile African-American convicts working in the fields in a chain gang, photo taken c. 1903
Executive Committee of the National Negro Business League, c. 1910. NNBL founder Booker T. Washington (1856–1915) is seated, second from the left.
Poster from Office of War Information. Domestic Operations Branch. News Bureau, 1943.
"A Man Was Lynched Yesterday" flag, hanging at the Library of Congress
Brown v. Board of Education
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, is a landmark decision of the United States Supreme Court that ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools violate
Civil rights movement (1896–1954)
…of the movement: the 1896 ruling of Plessy v Ferguson, which upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation as constitutional doctrine; and 1954's Brown v Board of Education, which overturned Plessy. This was an era of new beginnings, in which some movements, such as Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association…
The members of the U.S. Supreme Court that on May 17, 1954, ruled unanimously that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.
Chief justice Earl Warren, the author of the Supreme Court's unanimous opinion in Brown
U.S. circuit judges (from left to right) Robert A. Katzmann, Damon J. Keith, and Sonia Sotomayor at a 2004 exhibit on the Fourteenth Amendment, Thurgood Marshall, and Brown v. Board of Education