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Classification of swords
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The English language terminology used in the classification of swords is imprecise and has varied widely over time. There is no historical dictionary for the universal names, classification, or termin
Hand-and-a-half sword, probably German, c. 1400–1430
Hand-and-a-half sword, probably German, c. 1400–1430
Warring States era jian (double edged sword)
Warring States era jian (double edged sword)
Han dynasty Jian swords (above)
Han dynasty Jian swords (above)
Basket-hilted sword
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The basket-hilted sword is a sword type of the early modern era, originating in the mid-16th century, characterised by a basket-shaped guard that protects the hand. The basket hilt is a development of
Classification of swords
…claymore" (Scottish Gaelic: claidheamh mór, lit. "large/great sword") can refer to either the longsword with a distinctive two-handed grip, or the basket-hilted sword. The two-handed claymore is an early Scottish version of a great sword. The Zweihänder ("two-hander") or Beidhänder ("both-hander") is a true two-handed…
Portrait of Donald McBane, a Scottish fencing master, from Donald McBane's The Expert Swordsman's Companion (1728). This image portrays McBane in the
Portrait of Donald McBane, a Scottish fencing master, from Donald McBane's The Expert Swordsman's Companion (1728). This image portrays McBane in the "Inside Guard" with a broadsword, while the table next to him has both broadswords and smallswords. The wall behind him has a targe with flintlock pistols on each side
Juxtaposition of a 16th-century cross-hilted "broadsword" with a 17th-century schiavona, from The Encyclopaedia of Sport & Games (1911)
Juxtaposition of a 16th-century cross-hilted "broadsword" with a 17th-century schiavona, from The Encyclopaedia of Sport & Games (1911)
A typical schiavona of the late 17th century.
A typical schiavona of the late 17th century.
A painting by David Morier (1705?–1770) depicting one of the final moments of the last Jacobite Rebellion, at the Battle of Culloden, the last battle
A painting by David Morier (1705?–1770) depicting one of the final moments of the last Jacobite Rebellion, at the Battle of Culloden, the last battle fought on British soil.