1.
Nelson, Georgia
–
Nelson is a city in Pickens and Cherokee counties in the U. S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 1,314. It is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area, the city is named for John Nelson, an early landowner, farmer, and rifle maker. The area possesses substantial deposits of marble, the construction of a railway in 1883 made the development of large-scale quarries possible. The quality of the marble has made it favored for federal monuments, the Marble Museum is located in the Nelson City Hall and features a year-round exhibit that includes examples of fine marble and shows the history of marble mining in Pickens County. Many stone cutters and other workers who migrated from either Italy or Scotland in the years of the industry settled in Nelson to work in the areas marble industry. Today the Georgia Northeastern Railroad operates between Tate, Georgia, and the CSX interchange at Elizabeth five days a week, the Georgia Marble rail lines at Tate and Marble Hill, and the Blue Ridge Scenic Railroad at Blue Ridge, Georgia are also operated by GNRR. Their website also states the GNRR runs through a Georgia Marble facility that no is no longer served by rail at Nelson, on April 1,2013, the city council voted unanimously to approve the Family Protection Ordinance. No one is required to buy one if they dont have one, Nelson is located on the border of Pickens and Cherokee counties at 34°22′54″N 84°22′17″W. The original city center is located in Pickens County, but the city limits have recently expanded southward so that more of the city is now located in Cherokee County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 1.5 square miles, of which 0.008 square miles. Nelson is served through its downtown by the Georgia Northeastern Railroad, and by Canton Road, the main street. South on old 5 is Ball Ground, and north is Tate, the north end of Interstate 575 and south end of State Route 515 is at the county line just to the west of Nelson. I-575 leads south 52 miles to Atlanta, and SR515 leads north 26 miles to Ellijay, as of the census of 2000, there were 626 people,254 households, and 188 families residing in the city. The population density was 695.0 people per square mile, there were 275 housing units at an average density of 305.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 89. 94% White,9. 42% African American,0. 16% Native American,0. 16% Asian, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 16% of the population. 22. 4% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.88. In the city, the population was out with 19. 3% under the age of 18,7. 7% from 18 to 24,28. 9% from 25 to 44,27. 2% from 45 to 64
2.
Altadena, California
–
The population was 42,777 at the 2010 census, up from 42,610 at the 2000 census. In the mid-1860s, Benjamin Eaton first developed water sources from the Arroyo Seco and this made possible the development of Altadena, Pasadena, and South Pasadena. He did the construction for B. D. Wilson and Dr. John Griffin, who owned the Mexican land grant of Rancho San Pascual, about 14,000 acres. They hoped to develop and sell land in a real estate plan called the San Pasqual Plantation. Their efforts failed by 1870, despite Eatons irrigation ditch that drew water from the site of present-day Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Arroyo Seco and they had failed because the land was relatively inaccessible and few believed crops could thrive that close to the mountains. Eaton tried to sell the land for the partners, and in late 1873 he helped broker a deal with Daniel Berry and this included the land of present-day Altadena, but they developed a 2,500 acres section further south as Pasadena. In 1881, the land that would later become Altadena was sold to the John and Fred Woodbury, the land remained mostly agricultural, however, several eastern millionaires built mansions along Mariposa Street, and a small community developed through the 1890s and into the next century. In 1880, Capt. Frederick Woodbury, and his brother, John Woodbury of Marshalltown, Iowa, John Woodbury established the Pasadena Improvement Company in 1887, with a plot plan of residential development referred to as the Woodbury Subdivision. They contacted Byron O. Clark, who established a nursery in the foothills in 1875 and he called his nursery Altadena Nursery, a name he coined from the Spanish alta meaning upper, and dena from Pasadena. Woodbury asked if he could use the name Altadena for his subdivision, the newly sprouted community of Altadena immediately began to attract millionaires from the East. In 1887 Andrew McNally, the printing magnate from Chicago, and his good friend Col. G. G. Green, had built mansions on what was to become Millionaires Row, Mariposa Street near Santa Rosa Avenue. Newspaper moguls William Armiger Scripps and William Kellogg built homes side by side just east of Fair Oaks Avenue, a bit farther east, Zane Grey bought a home from Arthur Herbert Woodward, and added a second-floor study. The famous Benziger Publishing Company built a mansion on the corner of Santa Rosa Avenue, Mariposa was taken from the Spanish name for a butterfly. The grandson of Andrew McNally, Wallace Neff, became a famous Southern California architect and he started his career in Altadena with the design and construction of St. Elizabeth of Hungary Catholic Church (parish est.1918, which was dedicated in October 1926. Over the years Altadena has been subject to attempted annexation by Pasadena, annexation was stopped in 1956 by community campaigns, though it has been resurrected several times since by Pasadena without success. Had the annexation succeeded, Pasadena would be the 108th largest city in the United States, while Altadena long refused wholesale annexation by neighboring Pasadena, the larger community nibbled at its edges in several small annexations of neighborhoods through the 1940s. The name Altadena derives from the Spanish alta, meaning upper, and dena from Pasadena, the area is adjacent to, according to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 8.7 square miles, over 99% of it land. Altadena experiences hot and dry summers that are followed by warm, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Altadena has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated Csa on climate maps
3.
B. J. and the Bear
–
B. J. and the Bear is an American comedy series which aired on NBC from 1979 to 1981. Created by Glen A. Larson and Christopher Crowe, the series stars Greg Evigan, the theme song, also titled B. J. and the Bear was written by Glen Larson and performed by Greg Evigan. Greg Evigan stars as Billie Joe B. J. McKay, in the pilot movie, it is stated that he had spent two years in Vietnam as a medical helicopter pilot, had been a captain and earned a distinguished service cross. He was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam at the Hanoi Hilton for four months in 1973 after his helicopter went down over the DMZ. Episodes typically deal with B. J. uncovering or getting mixed up with crime in the area hes traveling through, and a local resident—usually, the latter episode has cameo appearances from John S. Ragin and Robert Ito as their characters from Quincy, M. E. In 1981, when the show returned for its season with the two-part episode B. J. And The Seven Lady Truckers, B. J. has settled down to run Bear Enterprises and his nemesis is Rutherford T. Grant, the corrupt head of the states Special Crimes Action Team, who is a secret partner in a competing trucking company. Because of Grants harassment, B. J, in the 1995 movie Mallrats, Jason Lees character Brodie makes a reference to the show with, Why dont they ever bring back or remake good shows, like B. J. and the Bear. Now theres a concept I cant get enough of, a man, the line foreshadows the films close in which Jay and Silent Bob leave with an orangutan, a plot device fleshed out six years later in Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back. In episode 302, Peanut Butter, Eggs, and Dice of Mr. J. in an episode of My Name Is Earl, Earls brother Randy asks Joy why a chimp was named Bear. She obligingly explains that B. J. McKay was a fan of the University of Alabamas football team, in yet another episode, while Randy is going to sleep, he asks what Bears name is, even though he just said it in the title of the show. In the series Breaking Bad, a replica of the red, in the Breaking Bad Original Mini Episode Just Married, character Hank Schrader makes a pun with the shows title as B. J. and the Bear, minus the bear. In the comedy series 30 Rock, Kenneth Parcell refers to the show as You-Know-What, seattle-based indie rock group Minus the Bear derives their name from a joke referencing B. J. and the Bear. A friend of the band had gone on a date, ” explains singer-guitarist Jake Snider and our friend said, You know that TV show from the 70s, B. J. and the Bear. In the South Park episode The Ring, Cartman quotes the song, referencing B. J. McKay. B. J. and the Bear at the Internet Movie Database B. J. and the Bear at the Internet Movie Database B. J. and the Bear at TV. com B. J. and the Bear at epguides. com
4.
Bedford, Indiana
–
Bedford is a city in Shawswick Township, Lawrence County, Indiana, United States. The population was 13,413 at the 2010 census, the city is the county seat of Lawrence County. Bedford was laid out as a town and the county seat of Lawrence County, Indiana, the new site was named Bedford at the suggestion of a prominent local businessman, Joseph Rawlins, who had relocated to the area from Bedford County, Tennessee. It incorporated as a town in 1864 and received its city charter in 1889, Bedford was a stop on the Underground Railroad. According to the 2010 census, Bedford has an area of 12.16 square miles. The city is known as the Limestone Capital of the World because of its limestone quarries that are around the area. Some of the limestone was used to make the Empire State Building, Bedford is situated about 70 miles south of Indianapolis and 18 miles south of Bloomington. The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers, according to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bedford has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated Cfa on climate maps. On May 25,2011, an EF3 tornado touched down near Bedford, as of the 2010 census, there were 13,413 people,5,801 households, and 3,426 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,103.0 inhabitants per square mile, there were 6,553 housing units at an average density of 538.9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 96. 2% White,0. 8% African American,0. 3% Native American,0. 9% Asian,0. 5% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 8% of the population. 36. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the city was 41.5 years. 22. 3% of residents were under the age of 18,8. 1% were between the ages of 18 and 24,23. 5% were from 25 to 44,26. 2% were from 45 to 64, and 20. 1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47. 3% male and 52. 7% female, as of the 2000 census, there were 13,768 people,6,054 households, and 3,644 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,157.1 people per square mile, there were 6,618 housing units at an average density of 556.2 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 98. 87% White,0. 79% African American,0. 28% Native American,0. 48% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 70% from other races, and 0. 88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 26% of the population,35. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 18. 3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
5.
Signal Corps (United States Army)
–
The United States Army Signal Corps develops, tests, provides, and manages communications and information systems support for the command and control of combined arms forces. It was established in 1860, the brainchild of United States Army Major Albert J. Myer, support for the command and control of combined arms forces. Signal support includes Network Operations and management of the electromagnetic spectrum, while serving as a medical officer in Texas in 1856, Albert James Myer proposed that the Army use his visual communications system, called aerial telegraphy. When the Army adopted his system on 21 June 1860, the Signal Corps was born with Myer as the first, Major Myer first used his visual signaling system on active service in New Mexico during the early 1860s Navajo expedition. For nearly three years, Myer was forced to rely on detailed personnel, although he envisioned a separate, myers vision came true on 3 March 1863, when Congress authorized a regular Signal Corps for the duration of the war. Some 2,900 officers and enlisted men served, although not at any single time, even in the Civil War, the wigwag system, restricted to line-of-sight communications, was waning in the face of the electric telegraph. Initially, Myer used his office downtown in Washington, D. C. to house the Signal Corps School, when it was found to need additional space, he sought out other locations. First came Fort Greble, one of the Defenses of Washington during the Civil War, the size and location were outstanding. The school remained there for over 20 years and ultimately was renamed Fort Myer, Signal Corps detachments participated in campaigns fighting Native Americans in the west, such as the Powder River Expedition of 1865. The electric telegraph, in addition to signaling, became a Signal Corps responsibility in 1867. Within 12 years, the Corps had constructed, and was maintaining and operating, in 1870, the Signal Corps established a congressionally mandated national weather service. Within a decade, with the assistance of Lieutenant Adolphus Greely, Myer died in 1880, having attained the rank of brigadier general and the title of Chief Signal Officer. The weather bureau became part of the U. S. Department of Agriculture in 1891, the Signal Corps role in the Spanish–American War of 1898 and the subsequent Philippine Insurrection was on a grander scale than it had been in the Civil War. In 1908, on Fort Myer, Virginia, the Wright brothers made test flights of the Armys first airplane built to Signal Corps specifications, reflecting the need for an official pilot rating, War Department Bulletin No. 2, released on 24 February 1911, established a Military Aviator rating, Army aviation remained within the Signal Corps until 1918, when it became the Army Air Service. The Signal Corps lost no time in meeting the challenges of World War I, Chief Signal Officer George Owen Squier worked closely with private industry to perfect radio tubes while creating a major signal laboratory at Camp Alfred Vail. Early radiotelephones developed by the Signal Corps were introduced into the European theater in 1918, while the new American voice radios were superior to the radiotelegraph sets, telephone and telegraph remained the major technology of World War I. A pioneer in radar, Colonel William Blair, director of the Signal Corps laboratories at Fort Monmouth, even before the United States entered World War II, mass production of two radar sets, the SCR-268 and the SCR-270, had begun
6.
World War II
–
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
7.
Myanmar
–
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in South East Asia bordered by Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand. About one third of Myanmars total perimeter of 5,876 km, forms an uninterrupted coastline of 1,930 km along the Bay of Bengal, the countrys 2014 census revealed a much lower population than expected, with 51 million people recorded. Myanmar is 676,578 square kilometres in size and its capital city is Naypyidaw and its largest city and former capital city is Yangon. Early civilizations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma, the Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a period the largest empire in the history of Mainland Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur. The British invaded Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the became a British colony. Myanmar became an independent nation in 1948, initially as a nation and then, following a coup détat in 1962. For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife, during this time, the United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election. While former military leaders still wield enormous power in the country, there is, however, continuing criticism of the governments treatment of the Muslim Rohingya minority and its poor response to the religious clashes. In the landmark 2015 election, Aung San Suu Kyis party won a majority in both houses, Myanmar is a country rich in jade and gems, oil, natural gas and other mineral resources. In 2013, its GDP stood at US$56.7 billion, the income gap in Myanmar is among the widest in the world, as a large proportion of the economy is controlled by supporters of the former military government. As of 2016, according to the Human Development Index, Myanmar had a level of human development. The renaming remains a contested issue, many political and ethnic opposition groups and countries continue to use Burma because they do not recognise the legitimacy of the ruling military government or its authority to rename the country. The countrys official name is the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Countries that do not officially recognise that name use the long form Union of Burma instead, in English, the country is popularly known as either Burma or Myanmar /ˈmjɑːnˌmɑːr/. Both these names are derived from the name of the majority Burmese Bamar ethnic group, Myanmar is considered to be the literary form of the name of the group, while Burma is derived from Bamar, the colloquial form of the groups name
8.
Philippines
–
The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south, Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, the capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. The Philippines has an area of 300,000 square kilometers, and it is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world. As of 2013, approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas, multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelagos earliest inhabitants and they were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples. Exchanges with Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Islamic nations occurred, then, various competing maritime states were established under the rule of Datus, Rajahs, Sultans or Lakans. The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in Homonhon, Eastern Samar in 1521 marked the beginning of Hispanic colonization, in 1543, Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain. With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Mexico City, in 1565, the Philippines became part of the Spanish Empire for more than 300 years. This resulted in Roman Catholicism becoming the dominant religion, during this time, Manila became the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade connecting Asia with Acapulco in the Americas using Manila galleons. Aside from the period of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II, since then, the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy, which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non-violent revolution. It is a member of the United Nations, World Trade Organization, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. It also hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank, the Philippines was named in honor of King Philip II of Spain. Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos, during his expedition in 1542, named the islands of Leyte, eventually the name Las Islas Filipinas would be used to cover all the islands of the archipelago. Before that became commonplace, other such as Islas del Poniente. The official name of the Philippines has changed several times in the course of its history, during the Philippine Revolution, the Malolos Congress proclaimed the establishment of the República Filipina or the Philippine Republic. From the 1898 Treaty of Paris, the name Philippines began to appear, since the end of World War II, the official name of the country has been the Republic of the Philippines. The metatarsal of the Callao Man, reliably dated by uranium-series dating to 67,000 years ago is the oldest human remnant found in the archipelago to date and this distinction previously belonged to the Tabon Man of Palawan, carbon-dated to around 26,500 years ago. Negritos were also among the archipelagos earliest inhabitants, but their first settlement in the Philippines has not been reliably dated, there are several opposing theories regarding the origins of ancient Filipinos
9.
Northwestern University
–
Composed of twelve schools and colleges, Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees. Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named and its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855, women were admitted in 1869, today, the main campus is a 240-acre parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The universitys law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre campus in Chicagos Streeterville neighborhood, in 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication. In 2016, Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. which hosts journalism, engineering, Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $650 million in sponsored research each year. Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States, in 2017, the university accepted 9. 0% of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255. Northwestern is a member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference. The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAAs Division I Big Ten Conference, on January 28,1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University, making it the first chartered university in Illinois. The schools nine founders, all of whom were Methodists, knelt in prayer, John Evans, for whom Evanston is named, bought 379 acres of land along Lake Michigan in 1853, and Philo Judson developed plans for what would become the city of Evanston, Illinois. The first building, Old College, opened on November 5,1855, to raise funds for its construction, Northwestern sold $100 perpetual scholarships entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition. Willard Residential College is named in her honor, Northwestern admitted its first women students in 1869, and the first woman was graduated in 1874. Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882, later becoming a member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago. The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917, in 1933, a proposal to merge Northwestern with the University of Chicago was considered but rejected. Northwestern was also one of the first six universities in the country to establish a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps in the 1920s, after the golden years of the 1920s, the Great Depression in the United States hit Northwestern hard. Its annual income dropped 25 percent from $4.8 million in 1930-31 to $3.6 million in 1933-34. Investment income shrank, fewer parents could pay full tuition, and annual giving from alumni, the university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees. It imposed a freeze, a building freeze, and slashed appropriations for maintenance, books
10.
Lambda Chi Alpha
–
Lambda Chi Alpha is a college fraternity in North America, which was founded in 1909. It is one of the largest mens fraternities, having initiated more than 280,000 members with active chapters, Lambda Chi Alpha was founded by Warren A. Cole, while he was a student at Boston University. The youngest of the fifteen largest social fraternities, Lambda Chi Alpha has initiated the third highest number of men ever, Lambda Chis International Headquarters is located in Indianapolis, Indiana. Its members are referred to as Lambda Chis, LCAs, and it was a member of the North-American Interfraternity Conference until October,2015. Lambda Chi Alpha was formed on November 2,1909 when Warren A. Cole, morse, and Clyde K. Nichols formed a new fraternity by reorganization of the Cosmopolitan Law Club, a society of law students of Boston University, into a Greek letter society. The Greek letter name was not used in the Alpha Zeta minutes until April 27,1910, Cole approached many local groups at colleges and universities throughout the Northeast in hopes of finding others willing to join his new fraternity. Before the acquisition of Lambda Chi Alphas first functioning chapter, Cole had corresponded with or visited 117 institutions, Lambda Chi Alphas first established chapter was at Massachusetts Agricultural College in 1912. Additional chapters followed, and in 1927 Lambda Chi Alpha became a fraternity with the founding of Epsilon-Epsilon Zeta at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario. The Theta Kappa Nu fraternity was formed by 11 local fraternities on June 9,1924 in Springfield, during the Great Depression both Theta Kappa Nu and Lambda Chi Alpha saw membership decrease and chapters shut down. In 1939 The two fraternities merged, the merger ceremony was held at the Howard College chapter of Theta Kappa Nu in Birmingham, Alabama. The merger increased the number of chapters from 77 to 105, at the time, this was the largest merger in fraternity history. All Theta Kappa Nu chapters became Lambda Chi Alpha chapters and were given chapter designations that began with either Theta, at schools where chapters of both fraternities previously existed, the two merged and retained Lambda Chis Zeta recognition. The fraternity was a member of the North American Interfraternity Conference since its founding in 1909, in October 2015 the fraternity left the NIC, citing in-fighting and dysfunctional governance. The fraternitys exit coincides with NIC lobbying for the Safe Campus Act, beginning in August 1969, the concept of fraternity education replaced pledge education. The fraternity education program was designed to integrate all new members into the chapter equally, in 1972, Lambda Chi Alpha officially abolished the pledge process and replaced it with Associate Membership. This status as an Associate Member allows new members to enter the fraternity with respect, Lambda Chi Alpha was the first fraternal organization to abolish pledging. Pledge implies a second-class membership, indentured servitude, hazing, class officers, the fraternitys constitution defines hazing as any action taken or situation created intentionally to produce physical discomfort or mental discomfort by embarrassment, harassment, or ridicule. The fraternity first condemned hazing at a 1928 North-American Interfraternity Conference meeting by Bruce McIntosh, in 1988, James Callahan, an associate at Rutgers University died of an alcohol overdose participating in a drinking hazing ritual
11.
From Here to Eternity
–
From Here to Eternity is a 1953 drama film directed by Fred Zinnemann and based on the novel of the same name by James Jones. Deborah Kerr and Donna Reed portray the women in their lives and the supporting cast includes Ernest Borgnine, Philip Ober, Jack Warden, Mickey Shaughnessy, Claude Akins, and George Reeves. The film won eight Academy Awards out of 13 nominations, including awards for Picture, Best Director, Adapted Screenplay, Supporting Actor and Supporting Actress. The films title comes from a quote from Rudyard Kiplings 1892 poem Gentlemen-Rankers. In 2002 From Here to Eternity was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In 1941, bugler and career soldier Private Robert E. Lee Prewitt transfers to a company at Schofield Barracks on the island of Oahu. Captain Dana Dynamite Holmes has heard he is a middleweight boxer. Prewitt refuses, having stopped fighting because he blinded his sparring partner, Holmes makes life as miserable as possible for Prewitt, hoping that he will give in. Holmes orders First Sergeant Milton Warden to prepare general court-martial papers after Sergeant Galovitch first insults Prewitt, Warden suggests, however, that he try to get Prewitt to change his mind by doubling up on company punishment. The other non-commissioned officers join the conspiracy, Prewitt is supported by his only friend, Private Angelo Maggio. Meanwhile, Warden begins an affair with Holmes neglected wife, Karen, Warden tells Karen that he is risking a twenty-year prison sentence. Sergeant Maylon Stark has told Warden about Karens many previous affairs at Fort Bliss, as their relationship develops, Warden asks Karen about her affairs to test her sincerity. Karen relates that Holmes has been unfaithful to her most of their marriage and she miscarried one night when Holmes returned home from seeing a hat-check girl, drunk and unable to call a doctor, resulting in her being unable to bear any more children. She then affirms her love for Warden, Prewitt and Maggio spend their liberty at the New Congress Club, a gentlemens club where Prewitt falls for Lorene. She wants to marry a man with a proper job. Maggio and Staff Sergeant James R. Judson nearly come to blows at the club over Judsons loud piano playing, later, Judson provokes Maggio by taking his photograph of his sister from him, kissing it, and whispering in Prewitts ear. Maggio smashes a barstool over Judsons head, Judson pulls a switchblade, but Warden intervenes. Judson backs down but warns Maggio that sooner or later he will end up in the stockade, Karen tells Warden that if he became an officer, she could divorce Holmes and marry him
12.
Lee Marvin
–
Lee Marvin was an American film and television actor. Known for his voice and prematurely white hair, Marvin initially appeared in supporting roles, mostly villains, soldiers. From 1957 to 1960, he starred as Detective Lieutenant Frank Ballinger in the NBC crime series, M Squad. In 1966, he won awards, including an Academy Award for Best Actor, and Best Actor BAFTA. Marvin was born in New York City and he was the son of Lamont Waltman Marvin, an advertising executive and the head of the New York and New England Apple Institute. His mother was Courtenay Washington, a writer and beauty consultant. As with his brother, Robert, he was named in honor of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. His father was a descendant of Matthew Marvin, Sr. who emigrated from Great Bentley, Essex, England, in 1635. Marvin studied violin when he was young, as a teenager, Marvin spent weekends and spare time hunting deer, puma, wild turkey, and bobwhite in the wilds of the then-uncharted Everglades. Marvin left school at 18 to enlist in the United States Marine Corps Reserve on August 12,1942 and he served with the 4th Marine Division in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He was shot by gun fire, which severed his sciatic nerve. After over a year of treatment in naval hospitals, Marvin was given a medical discharge with the rank of private first class in 1945 at Philadelphia. Contrary to rumors, Marvin did not serve on Iwo Jima, receive a Navy Cross, or serve with actor, producer, and former Marine Bob Keeshan during World War II. After the war, while working as an assistant at a local community theatre in upstate New York. He then began an amateur acting career in New York City. In 1950, Marvin moved to Hollywood and he found work in supporting roles, and from the beginning was cast in various war films. His debut was in Youre in the Navy Now, and in 1952, he appeared in films, including Don Siegels Duel at Silver Creek, Hangmans Knot. He played Gloria Grahames vicious boyfriend in Fritz Langs The Big Heat, Marvin had a small but memorable role in The Wild One opposite Marlon Brando, followed by Seminole and Gun Fury
13.
The Caine Mutiny (film)
–
The Caine Mutiny is a 1954 American fictional Navy drama set in the Pacific during World War II. The film depicts the events on board a fictitious World War II U. S. Navy destroyer minesweeper, the film received Oscar nominations for Best Picture, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Screenplay, Best Sound Recording, Best Film Editing and Best Dramatic Score. Dmytryk was also nominated for a Directors Guild Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures and it was the second highest-grossing film in the United States in 1954. Newly commissioned Ensign Willie Keith reports to the minesweeper USS Caine commanded by William De Vriess, also meeting executive officer Stephen Maryk and communications officer Thomas Keefer. De Vriess, popular with the men but disliked by Keith, is relieved by Phillip Francis Queeg, Queeg tries to cover up the incident. Queeg asks his officers for their support, but they remain silent and nickname him Old Yellowstain, Keefer, believing Queeg to be paranoid, encourages Maryk to consider relieving Queeg for the basis of mental incapacity under Article 184 of Navy Regulations. Maryk angrily rejects that possibility, but starts a log documenting the captains behavior, when strawberries go missing from the officers mess, Queeg is convinced that a sailor has made a duplicate key to the food locker and orders the crew strip-searched to find it. He recounts to Maryk and Keefer a similar situation where he earned a commendation for uncovering a food theft, Queeg follows through with his plan to find the key. Keefer convinces Maryk and Keith to go with him to personally see Admiral William F. Halsey, as they leave without seeing Halsey, an aide tells them that a typhoon is approaching. When the ship begins to founder, and the officers and crew look to Queeg for guidance, he appears to be frozen, Maryk relieves Queeg with the concurrence of Keith. The Caine returns to San Francisco, where Maryk and Keith face a court-martial, barney Greenwald becomes Maryks defense counsel. At the court-martial, Keefer denies ever observing signs of illness in Queeg or counseling Maryk to relieve him. While a Navy psychiatrist testifies Queeg is not unfit for command, under Greenwalds relentless cross-examination, Queeg openly exhibits such behavior and Maryk is acquitted. Keefer appears at a celebration of the Caines officers, so does a drunken Greenwald, who berates the officers for not appreciating Queegs long service and failing to give him the support he asked for. He denounces Keefer as the author of the mutiny, a man who hated the Navy and manipulated others. Then he throws champagne in Keefers face, the officers depart, leaving Keefer alone in the room. Keith is assigned to a new ship that turns out to be commanded by De Vriess, Herman Wouk had already adapted his novel as a stage play, The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, which premiered on Broadway in January 1954 and ran for more than a year. The play was directed by Charles Laughton and was a critical as well as a commercial success, Wouk was initially selected to write the screenplay, but director Dmytryk thought his work was not successful
14.
Rio Bravo (film)
–
Rio Bravo is a 1959 American Western film produced and directed by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne, Dean Martin, Ricky Nelson, Angie Dickinson, Walter Brennan, and Ward Bond. With the help of a cripple and a gunfighter, they hold off the ranchers gang. Rio Bravo was filmed on location at Old Tucson Studios outside Tucson, Arizona, in 2014, Rio Bravo was deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. In the town of Rio Bravo, Texas, sheriffs deputy Dude, Joe Burdette, brother of rancher Nathan Burdette, tosses a silver dollar into a spittoon. Presidio County, Texas, Sheriff John T. Chance appears and kicks the spittoon away, Dude is shamed by his plight and takes out his anger on Chance, knocking him out with an ax handle. Joe begins punching Dude, then shoots and kills a bystander who tries to intervene. Joe heads to his brothers saloon, where a bloody Chance comes to arrest him for the murder of the bystander, another patron draws his gun on Chance, but Dude shoots the gun out of the mans hand. Joe is locked up in the local jail, Chance is willing to deputize Dude, provided he can stay sober. Both remember how good with a gun Dude used to be, Chances friend Pat Wheeler and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan, riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy, Chances game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated. A mysterious woman nicknamed Feathers is in the saloon, playing poker, in the meantime, Dude and Chance patrol the town. Hotel owner Carlos stops the sheriff, saying Wheeler has been talking too much about Chance needing help, in the saloon, Chance implores Wheeler to stop, as it will draw attention from the wrong people. Wheeler suggests that Colorado could be of assistance, but Colorado politely declines, Colorado also promises not to start any trouble without telling the sheriff first. Feathers leaves the game a winner. Colorado intervenes, saying another participant in the game is the real cheat and they confront the card cheat and prove his guilt. Chance refuses to apologize to Feathers for doing his job, but is no longer in a hurry to make her leave town, as Wheeler is walking back to the hotel, he is shot dead by a Burdette man hiding in the stable. Colorado offers to help, but is turned away by Chance. Chance and Dude flush out the shooter, who escapes into Nathans saloon after Dude wounds him, Dude believes the man has muddy boots, but everyone in the bar has clean boots
15.
John Wayne
–
Marion Mitchell Morrison, known professionally as John Wayne and nicknamed Duke, was an American actor and filmmaker. An Academy Award-winner for True Grit, Wayne was among the top box office draws for three decades, born in Winterset, Iowa, Wayne grew up in Southern California. He found work at film studios when he lost his football scholarship to the University of Southern California as a result of a bodysurfing accident. Initially working for the Fox Film Corporation, he appeared mostly in bit parts. His first leading role came in Raoul Walshs The Big Trail, Waynes career took off in 1939, with John Fords Stagecoach making him an instant star. He went on to star in 142 pictures, biographer Ronald Davis said, John Wayne personified for millions the nations frontier heritage. Eighty-three of his movies were Westerns, and in them he played cowboys, cavalrymen and he is also remembered for his roles in The Quiet Man, Rio Bravo, and The Longest Day. In his final performance, he starred as an aging gunfighter battling cancer in The Shootist. He appeared with many important Hollywood stars of his era, Wayne was born Marion Robert Morrison on May 26,1907 at 224 South Second Street in Winterset, Iowa. The local paper, Winterset Madisonian, reported on page 4 of the edition of May 30,1907 that Wayne weighed 13 pounds at birth and his middle name was soon changed from Robert to Mitchell when his parents decided to name their next son Robert. Waynes father, Clyde Leonard Morrison, was the son of American Civil War veteran Marion Mitchell Morrison, Waynes mother, the former Mary Molly Alberta Brown, was from Lancaster County, Nebraska. Waynes ancestry included English, Irish, Scots-Irish, and Scottish, Waynes family moved to Palmdale, California, and then in 1916 to Glendale, California, where his father worked as a pharmacist. A local fireman at the station on his route to school in Glendale started calling him Little Duke because he never went anywhere without his huge Airedale Terrier and he preferred Duke to Marion, and the nickname stuck. Wayne attended Wilson Middle School in Glendale, as a teen, he worked in an ice cream shop for a man who shod horses for Hollywood studios. He was also active as a member of the Order of DeMolay and he played football for the 1924 league champion Glendale High School team. Wayne applied to the U. S. Naval Academy, and he instead attended the University of Southern California, majoring in pre-law. He was a member of the Trojan Knights and Sigma Chi fraternities, Wayne also played on the USC football team under coach Howard Jones. A broken collarbone injury curtailed his career, Wayne later noted that he was too terrified of Jones reaction to reveal the actual cause of his injury
16.
Ricky Nelson
–
Eric Hilliard Ricky Rick Nelson was an American actor, musician, and singer-songwriter. He recorded 19 additional Top 10 hits and was inducted into the Rock, in 1996, he was ranked #49 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time. Nelson began his entertainment career in 1949 playing himself in the sitcom series The Adventures of Ozzie. In 1952, he appeared in his first feature film, Here Come the Nelsons, in 1957, he recorded his first single, debuted as a singer on the television version of the sitcom, and released the #1 album entitled Ricky. In 1958, Nelson released his first #1 single, Poor Little Fool, a few films followed, and when the television series was cancelled in 1966, Nelson made occasional appearances as a guest star on various television programs. Nelson and Sharon Kristin Harmon were married on April 20,1963 and they had four children, Tracy Kristine, twin sons Gunnar Eric and Matthew Gray, and Sam Hilliard. Nelson was born on May 8,1940, in Teaneck and he was the second son of entertainment couple Harriet Hilliard Nelson and Ozzie Nelson. His father Ozzie was half Swedish, the Nelsons older son was actor David Nelson. Harriet, normally the vocalist for Ozzies band, remained in Englewood, New Jersey, with her newborn, meanwhile, bandleader Ozzie toured with the Nelson orchestra. In November 1941, the Nelsons bought what would become their permanent home, Ricky joined his parents and brother in Los Angeles in 1942. Ricky was a small and insecure child who suffered severe asthma. At night, his sleep was eased with a vaporizer emitting tincture of evergreen and he was described by Red Skeltons producer John Guedel as an odd little kid, likable, shy, introspective, mysterious, and inscrutable. When Skelton was drafted in 1944, Guedel crafted the radio sitcom The Adventures of Ozzie, the show debuted on Sunday, October 8,1944, to favorable reviews. Ozzie eventually became head writer for the show and based episodes on the fraternal exploits, in 1952, the Nelsons tested the waters for a television series with the theatrically released film Here Come the Nelsons. The film was a hit, and Ozzie was convinced the family could make the transition from radios airwaves to televisions small screen. Nelson attended Gardner Street Public School, Bancroft Junior High, and and he played football at Hollywood High and represented the school in interscholastic tennis matches. Twenty-five years later, Nelson told the Los Angeles Weekly he hated school because it smelled of pencils, Ozzie Nelson was a Rutgers alumnus and keen on college education, but eighteen-year-old Ricky was already in the 93 percent income-tax bracket and saw no reason to attend. At age thirteen, Ricky was making over $100,000 per annum, Nelsons wealth was astutely managed by his parents, who channeled his earnings into trust funds
17.
Dean Martin
–
Dean Martin was an Italian-American singer, actor, comedian, and film producer. One of the most popular and enduring American entertainers of the century, Martin was nicknamed the King of Cool for his seemingly effortless charisma. He and Jerry Lewis were partners in the popular comedy team Martin. He was a member of the Rat Pack and a star in concert stages, nightclubs, recordings, motion pictures and he was the host of the television variety program The Dean Martin Show and The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast. Martin was born on June 7,1917, in Steubenville, Ohio, to an Italian father, Gaetano Alfonso Crocetti, and an Italian-American mother, Angela Crocetti. His father, who was a barber, was originally from Montesilvano, in Abruzzo, Martin had an older brother named William Alfonso Crocetti. Martins first language was an Abruzzese dialect of Italian, and he did not speak English until he started school at the age of five and he attended Grant Elementary School in Steubenville where he was bullied for his broken English. He later took up the drums as a hobby as a teenager, Martin then dropped out of Steubenville High School in the 10th grade because he thought he was smarter than his teachers. He bootlegged liquor, served as a croupier, was a blackjack dealer, worked in a steel mill. At 15 he was a boxer who billed himself as Kid Crochet and his prizefighting earned him a broken nose, a scarred lip, many broken knuckles, and a bruised body. Of his 12 bouts, he said, I won all but 11, for a time, he roomed with Sonny King, who, like Martin, was starting in show business and had little money. It is said that Martin and King held bare-knuckle matches in their apartment, fighting until one was knocked out, Martin knocked out King in the first round of an amateur boxing match. Martin gave up boxing to work as a roulette stickman and croupier in an illegal casino behind a tobacco shop, at the same time he sang with local bands, calling himself Dino Martini. He got his break working for the Ernie McKay Orchestra and he sang in a crooning style influenced by Harry Mills, among others. In the early 1940s, he started singing for bandleader Sammy Watkins, in October 1941 Martin married Elizabeth Betty Anne McDonald. They had four children before the marriage ended in 1949, Martin worked for various bands throughout the early 1940s, mostly on looks and personality until he developed his own singing style. Martin flopped at the Riobamba, a nightclub in New York, when he followed Frank Sinatra in 1943, Martin was drafted into the United States Army in 1944 during World War II, serving a year in Akron, Ohio. He was reclassified as 4-F and discharged, possibly because of a double hernia, by 1946, Martin was doing well, but he was little more than an East Coast nightclub singer with a common style, similar to that of Bing Crosby
18.
Angie Dickinson
–
Angie Dickinson is an American actress. Dickinson has appeared in more than 50 films, including Oceans 11, The Sins of Rachel Cade, Jessica, Captain Newman, M. D. The Killers, The Art of Love, The Chase, Point Blank, Pretty Maids All in a Row, The Outside Man, and Big Bad Mama. As lead actress, she starred in Brian De Palmas 1980 erotic crime thriller Dressed to Kill, Dickinson, the second of four daughters, was born Angeline Brown in Kulm, North Dakota, the daughter of Fredericka and Leo Henry Brown. Her family is of German descent and she was raised Roman Catholic and her father was a small-town newspaper publisher and editor, working on the Kulm Messenger and the Edgeley Mail. In 1942, her moved to Burbank, California, where she attended Bellarmine-Jefferson High School. The previous year, she had won the Sixth Annual Bill of Rights essay contest and she then studied at Immaculate Heart College, Los Angeles, and at Glendale Community College, becoming a business graduate by 1954. Taking a cue from her father, she had intended to be a writer. While a student from 1950–52, she worked as a secretary at Lockheed Air Terminal in Burbank and she became Angie Dickinson in 1952, when she married football player Gene Dickinson. Dickinson entered a beauty pageant in 1953 and placed second, the exposure brought her to the attention of a television industry producer, who asked her to consider a career in acting. She studied the craft and a few years later was approached by NBC to guest-star on a number of variety shows and she soon met Frank Sinatra, who became a lifelong friend. She later was cast as Sinatras wife in the film Oceans 11, on New Years Eve 1954, Dickinson made her television acting debut in an episode of Death Valley Days. This led to roles in productions as Matinee Theatre, Buffalo Bill Jr. In the story line, Harry vowed never to go to prison and was shot to death while escaping, in 1957, she was cast as Amy Bender in Richard Boones series Have Gun-Will Travel in the episode A Matter of Ethics. She played the sister of a man who was killed and who wanted the murderer lynched, in 1958, she was cast as Laura Meadows in the episode The Deserters of an ABC/Warner Bros. Western series, Colt.45, with Wayde Preston and that year, she also played the role of defendant Mrs. Fargo in the Perry Mason episode The Case of the One-Eyed Witness. Dickinson went on to create characters in Mike Hammer, Wagon Train. In 1965, she had a role as Carol Tredman on NBCs Dr. Kildare
19.
Don't Give Up the Ship (film)
–
Dont Give Up the Ship is a comedy directed by Norman Taurog and starring Jerry Lewis. It was filmed from October 21,1958 to January 30,1959, following World War II, an entire destroyer escort, the U. S. S. Now, with a $4 billion appropriation at stake, Congressman Mandeville refuses to approve the funds until the Kornblatt is recovered, Stecklers former superior, Vice Admiral Bludde, who has been trying to sugarcoat this embarrassing incidence, has no other choice but to comply. Though he can convince the Admiralty of his innocence, he is nevertheless charged with finding the Kornblatt within the next ten days. Since he is at a loss to explain the whereabouts of the ship, Steckler is teamed up with Naval Intelligence operative Ensign Benson, Benson employs a relaxing therapy to coax Stecklers memory, succeeding with much effort. By the time of Stecklers release and the surrender to him, however. With Wychinski being the only lead, Steckler and Benson track him down in Miami, Florida. In addition, Mandeville has drastically cut the time limit in favor of an inquiry on this very day. In the meantime, Wychinsky, who has remembered what happened to the Kornblatt, has followed Steckler back to Washington. The two proceed to the hearing, which is progressing very badly for Steckler and Bludde, given a reprieve of 48 hours, Steckler and Wychinsky go to a spot in the ocean where the wreck of the Kornblatt lies following her last use as a target dummy. Finally rehabilitated, Steckler manages to secure a significantly higher appropriation for the Navy, the USS Vammen was used to portray the fictional ship the USS Kornblatt. Previously the USS Stembel was listed as the ship portraying the Kornblatt, the Stembel was a Fleet Destroyer, the Vammen a Destroyer-Escort. The film was re-released on a bill with another Jerry Lewis film, Rock-A-Bye Baby. A comic book adaptation of film was released as issue number 1049 of the Dell Four Color comic book series in August 1959. Jerry Lewis as John Paul Steckler Dina Merrill as Ensign Benson Mickey Shaughnessy as Wychinsky Gale Gordon as Congressman Mandeville Robert Middleton as Vice Admiral Bludde Claude Akins as Lt
20.
Jerry Lewis
–
Jerry Lewis AM is an American actor, comedian, singer, film producer, film director, screenwriter and humanitarian. He is known for his humor in film, television, stage. He and Dean Martin were partners as the hit popular comedy duo of Martin, following that success, he was a solo star in motion pictures, nightclubs, television shows, concerts, album recordings, and musicals. Lewis served as chairman of the Muscular Dystrophy Association and hosted the live Labor Day broadcast of the Jerry Lewis MDA Telethon for 44 years. Lewis was born on March 16,1926 in Newark, New Jersey to Russian Jewish parents and his father, Daniel Levitch, was a master of ceremonies and vaudeville entertainer who used the professional name Danny Lewis. His mother, Rachel Levitch, was a player for a radio station. Lewis started performing at age five and would perform alongside his parents in the Catskill Mountains in New York State. By 15, he had developed his Record Act in which he exaggeratedly mimed the lyrics to songs on a phonograph and he used the professional name Joey Lewis but soon changed it to Jerry Lewis to avoid confusion with comedian Joe E. Lewis and heavyweight boxing champion Joe Louis. Lewis then dropped out of Irvington High School in the tenth grade and he was a character even in his teenage years pulling pranks in his neighborhood including sneaking into kitchens to steal fried chicken and pies. During World War II, he was rejected for service because of a heart murmur. Lewis initially gained attention as part of an act with singer Dean Martin. The performers were different from most other acts of the time because they relied on their interaction instead of planned skits. They quickly rose to prominence, first with their popular nightclub act. The two men made many appearances on live television, their first on the June 20,1948. This was followed on October 3,1948, by an appearance on the NBC series Welcome Aboard, the duo began their Paramount film careers as ensemble players in My Friend Irma, based on the popular radio series of the same name. This was followed by a sequel My Friend Irma Goes West, All sixteen movies were produced by Hal B. Attesting the comedy teams popularity, DC Comics published the best-selling The Adventures of Dean Martin, in 1954, the boys appeared on episode 191 of Whats My Line. as mystery guests. As Martins roles in their films became less important over time the partnership came under strain, Martins participation became an embarrassment in 1954 when Look magazine used a publicity photo of the team for the magazine cover but cropped Martin out of the photo
21.
Merrill's Marauders (film)
–
The source is the non-fiction book The Marauders, written by Charlton Ogburn Jr. a communications officer who served with Merrills Marauders. The film begins with off-screen narration over black-and-white historical footage of the World War II Burmese campaign, the film then segues into Technicolor as we observe Lt. Stockton’s platoon moving through the jungle toward their first objective, the Japanese-held town of Walawbum. After Stockton radios Gen. Merrill that they are nearing their goal, he, afterwards, General Joseph Stilwell arrives in Walawbum to order Merrill on another objective, the railroad center of Shaduzup, and ultimately the strategic airstrip at Myitkyina. With reluctance, Merrill later summons Stockton to brief him on their next mission, the brigade continues their mission up steep mountains for several days and nights before digging in just outside Myitkyina. As night falls, the unit endures a massive artillery barrage, the dawn then brings a Japanese banzai attack, which Merrill’s men successfully repel. Then, while desperately rallying what is left of his unit to move on to the base at Myitkyina, the men, led by Stockton, slowly rise up and trudge onward toward Myitkyina as an incredulous Doc cradles Merrill in his arms. In fact, it is Doc’s off-screen narration we hear next as he informs us that Myitkyina was indeed taken, Jeff Chandler as Brig. Gen. Frank D. Merrill Ty Hardin as 2nd Lt. Lee Stockton Peter Brown as Bullseye Andrew Duggan as Capt, abraham Lewis Kolodny, MD Will Hutchins as Chowhound Claude Akins as Sgt. Doskis Samuel Vaughan Wilson as Lt. S, due to bad weather, Fuller shot six days over the allotted 41-day shooting schedule. Sperling approached the experienced Samuel Fuller to write and direct The Marauders in early 1961, Fuller was then attempting to have Warner Bros. finance and make his dream project, The Big Red One, and initially refused Sperlings offer. Warner summoned Fuller and told him that Merrills Marauders would be a dry run for his The Big Red One, for the lead role, Fuller wanted Gary Cooper, who refused it because of ill-health. Fuller was impressed with former Universal Pictures contract star Jeff Chandler, Samuel Fuller and Milton Sperling simplify, but follow the events and narrative of Ogburns historical account. The screenplay also features a medical officer Doc continually briefing Merrill on the physical and psychological condition of the men. Stock and Doc are a Greek Chorus that explains decisions, morale, unlike the characters in The Naked and the Dead who continually have flashbacks and viciously hate each other, the Marauders are professional veterans who respect each other. They gradually deteriorate when the one mission becomes two, then three, then a one, and a beat-the-clock narrative in capturing an airstrip before the monsoon grounds aircraft. The audience sees the effects on the men of not only action, but hunger, tropical diseases, disorientation, sleep deprivation. The soldiers continue, demonstrating superb combat leadership, professionalism, sacrifice, Merrills Marauders was photographed by William H. Clothier, who used a trick from his work on The Alamo, silence precedes and follows the loud battle scenes. Fuller also eschewed sound effects for the sound of blanks
22.
The Devil's Brigade (film)
–
The film recounts the formation, training, and first mission of the 1st Special Service Force, a joint American-Canadian commando unit, known as the Devils Brigade. The film dramatizes the Brigades first mission in the Italian Campaign, back in the U. S. Frederick receives his American troops — all are Army convicts. When the Canadian contingent arrives they immediately cause friction with the Americans, left without a role, Frederick manages to persuade Lieutenant General Mark Clark in Italy to give his men a chance to prove themselves. Clark asks Frederick for the 1st Special Service Force to reconnoitre a German garrison in an Italian town, convinced now of the ability of Fredericks men, Clark gives them the task no other Allied troops have managed to achieve — to capture Monte la Difensa. Facing severe obstacles, they drive the Germans off the stronghold, cliff Bricker, Operations Officer Andrew Prine as Pvt. Theodore Ransom, former member of the Army Air Forces Jeremy Slate as Sgt, patrick ONeill, hand-to-hand combat instructor Claude Akins as Pvt. /Cpl. Rockwell W. Rocky Rockman, section leader Jack Watson as Cpl. /Sgt, peacock, senior NCO Richard Jaeckel as Pvt. Omar Greco, former circus acrobat, point man Bill Fletcher as Pvt, billy Bronc Guthrie Richard Dawson as Pvt. /Cpl. Hugh MacDonald, section leader Tom Troupe as Pvt, al Manella Luke Askew as Pvt. Hubert Hixon Jean-Paul Vignon as Pvt, fifth Army Carroll OConnor as Maj. Gen. Maxwell Hunter, Fredericks direct superior Dana Andrews as Brig. Gen. Gen. Knapp Donald Ein as Gen. Jensen Dick Simmons as Gen. Bixby Norman Alden as the M. P. Lieutenant Karl-Otto Alberty as German Officer Gerard Herter as German General William Hoehne Jr. as German Officer at Monte la Defensa The German Panzers were represented by M47 Patton tanks. Wolper had purchased the rights to Robin Moores The Green Berets. David L. Wolper realised it would be as cheap to shoot in an Italian village as building an Italian set in America. However, the scene which appears to be in Italy was filmed at the National Guard Armory in Salt Lake. This was a bit of a problem because the party scene required the soldiers to be drinking and smoking, smoke generators had to be used on that set as well as on the battle field. That was a time of civil unrest, and black activists complained about no black actors being in the film, there were no black actors hired because there were none in the unit. The U. S. Department of Defense provided 300 members of the Utah National Guard to play soldiers in the battle scenes filmed. Wolper had the Brigade wear attractive but fictional red berets that appeared as well as on the posters and on the tie-in paperback cover of Adelman
23.
The Reverend
–
The Reverend is an honorific style most often placed before the names of Christian clergy and ministers. There are sometimes differences in the way the style is used in different countries, the Reverend is correctly called a style but is often and in some dictionaries called a title, form of address or title of respect. The style is sometimes used by leaders in non-Christian religions such as Judaism and Buddhism. The term is an anglicisation of the Latin reverendus, the originally used in Latin documents in medieval Europe. It is the gerundive or future passive participle of the verb revereri, the Reverend is therefore equivalent to The Honourable or The Venerable. In traditional and formal English usage, both British and American, it is considered incorrect to drop the definite article, the. In practice, however, the is not used in both written and spoken English. When the style is used within a sentence, the is correctly in lower-case, the usual abbreviations for Reverend are Rev. Revd and Revd. The Reverend is traditionally used as a form with first names and surname. Use of the prefix with the surname alone is considered a solecism in traditional usage, in some countries, especially Britain, Anglican clergy are acceptably addressed by the title of their office, such as Vicar, Rector, or Archdeacon. This has traditionally been considered grammatically incorrect on the basis that it is equivalent to referring to a judge as being an honourable or a man as being a mister. It is likewise incorrect to form the plural Reverends, in some churches, especially Protestant churches in the United States, ordained ministers are often addressed as Pastor. Pastor, however, is considered correct in some churches when the minister in question is the head of a church or congregation. Male Christian priests are addressed as Father or, for example. However, in correspondence, such priests are not normally referred to as Father John, Father Smith, or Father John Smith. Father as a title is used for Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Old Catholic priests. In England, however, even Roman Catholic priests were often referred to as Mr until the 20th century except when members of a religious order, Mr is still not incorrect for priests of the Church of England. Some female Anglican or Old Catholic priests use the style The Reverend Mother and are addressed as Mother, the Reverend may be modified to reflect ecclesiastical standing and rank
24.
Inherit the Wind (1960 film)
–
Inherit the Wind is a 1960 Hollywood film adaptation of the 1955 play of the same name, written by Jerome Lawrence and Robert Edwin Lee, directed by Stanley Kramer. The script was adapted by Nedrick Young and Harold Jacob Smith, Stanley Kramer was commended for bringing in writer Nedrick Young, as the latter was blacklisted. Inherit the Wind is a parable that fictionalizes the 1925 Scopes Monkey Trial as a means to discuss McCarthyism, written in response to the chilling effect of the McCarthy era investigations on intellectual discourse, the play are critical of creationism. The film had its World Premiere at the Astoria Theatre in Londons West End on July 7,1960, a television remake of the film was released in 1965. Another television remake starring Jason Robards and Kirk Douglas aired in 1988 and it was once again remade for TV in 1999, co-starring Jack Lemmon as Drummond and George C. Scott as Brady. Bryan did die shortly after the conclusion, but his death occurred five days later in his sleep. Political commentator Steve Benen said of the inaccuracies, Scopes issued no plea for empathy, there was no fiancee. Lawrence explained in a 1996 interview that the purpose was to criticize McCarthyism. According to Lawrence, we used the teaching of evolution as a parable and its about the right to think. In a small Southern town, a teacher, Bertram Cates, is about to stand trial. His offense, violating a law by introducing to his students the concept that man descended from the lower life forms. Cates is denounced by town leaders including the Rev. Jeremiah Brown, the town is excited because appearing on behalf of the prosecution will be Matthew Brady, a noted statesman and three-time presidential candidate. A staunch foe of Darwinism and a Biblical scholar, Brady will sit beside prosecuting attorney Tom Davenport, the teachers defense is to be handled by the equally well-known Henry Drummond, one of Americas most controversial legal minds and a long-standing acquaintance and adversary of Brady. Hornbeck of the Baltimore Herald, has persuaded Drummond to represent Cates, and ensured that his newspaper, Rev. Brown publicly rallies the townspeople against Cates and Drummond. The preachers daughter Rachel is conflicted because she and Cates are engaged to be married, the judge admires Brady, addressing him as Colonel. Drummond objects to this, as a compromise the mayor makes him a colonel for the proceedings. Each time Drummond calls a scientist or authority figure to discuss Darwins theories, Drummond grows frustrated, feeling the case has already been decided. When he asks to withdraw from the case, the judge tells Drummond to show cause the next morning why he should not be held in contempt of court, john Stebbins offers his farm as collateral toward the bail
25.
Comanche Station
–
Comanche Station is a 1960 American CinemaScope western Eastman Color film directed by Budd Boetticher and starring Randolph Scott, Nancy Gates and Claude Akins. The film was the last of Boettichers late 1950s Ranown Cycle and it was filmed in the Eastern Sierra area of Central California near Lone Pine, California, not far from the foot of Mount Whitney. The mountainous accumulations of boulders known as the Alabama Hills served as the backdrop for the opening and closing scenes. Jefferson Cody, whose wife was captured by Comanches, frees another mans wife and is taking her home, Lane is known to Cody, who helped court-martial him from the army for killing tame Indians. The Comanche in the area, on the due to recent Comanche scalpings, kill Frank, one of Lanes men. Lane attaches himself to Cody, intending to make it look like the Comanches killed Cody and to take the reward for himself. Although her husband did not try to find her himself, the reward for the return of Mrs. Lowe is dead or alive and he tries to ambush her and Cody, and when partner Dobie refuses to help, Lane shoots him. In a showdown in the hills, Cody gets the better of Lane and he escorts the woman back home, discovering that her husband is blind. Before he can be paid the $5,000, Cody rides away, the town of Lordsburg is mentioned some 20 times in the movie, but not visited once. Along with Comanche Station the set includes Buchanan Rides Alone, Decision at Sundown, Ride Lonesome, and The Tall T
26.
A Distant Trumpet
–
A Distant Trumpet is a 1964 American Western film, the last directed by Raoul Walsh. It stars Troy Donahue, Suzanne Pleshette and Diane McBain, the screenplay by John Twist, Albert Beich and Richard Fielder is based on the 1960 novel of the same name by Paul Horgan. Soon after a new commander, Major General Alexander Quaint, takes charge, when his efforts to capture Chiricahua chief War Eagle fail, he orders Hazard into Mexico to cajole the man into surrendering. Hazard convinces War Eagle to return with him with the promise the Indians will be provided a haven at a reservation in Arizona. En route to the fort, they encounter Major Miller, who orders the Indians be sent to Florida, Hazard and Quaint journey to Washington, D. C. to request government officials to reverse their decision and allow Hazard to keep his word to War Eagle. The New York Times called it the finest novel yet on the Southwest in its settling, another reviewer for the same paper called it a first rate historical novel. Warners bought the rights and announced they would make the film in 1960 with James Woolf and Jack Clayton as producer and director, Laurence Harvey as star. It would be made for Challet Productions, Harveys production company, then Burt Kennedy was listed as writer, then Clayton was replaced by Leslie H. Martinson. Eventually, the film was set up with a new producer, director. Shooting took place in September 1963, location filming occurred in Flagstaff, Arizona and Gallup, New Mexico. Its as though Mr. Walsh and everybody were bitten by tsetse flies, variety said, The stunning location terrain of the Red Rocks area of New Mexico and Arizonas Painted Desert gives the production a tremendous pictorial lift. Max Steiners score is a driving force but the use of the main theme seems a trifle excessive. The picture would benefit from a lot more pruning by editor David Wages, peter Bogdanovich called the film, One of Walshs weakest pictures, caused mainly by an intolerably bad cast and a predictable script. Whenever the director is allowed to linger on shots of horses and riders, Indians and cavalry, otherwise, his efforts are hopeless against the talentless players and the hopeless words they are required to speak. List of American films of 1964 A Distant Trumpet at the Internet Movie Database A Distant Trumpet at Turner Classic Movies A Distant Trumpet at AllMovie
27.
Battle for the Planet of the Apes
–
Battle for the Planet of the Apes is a 1973 science fiction film directed by J. Lee Thompson. It is the fifth and final entry in the original Planet of the Apes series produced by Arthur P. Jacobs and it stars Roddy McDowall, Claude Akins, Natalie Trundy, Severn Darden, Lew Ayres, Paul Williams and John Huston. The 2014 sequel in the reboot series Dawn of the Planet of the Apes has a premise to Battle. In this post-nuclear society, Caesar tries to cultivate peace between the apes and the surviving humans, a gorilla general named Aldo however opposes this and plots Caesars downfall. Caesar is married to Lisa, the ape of the previous film. Caesar regrets never having known his parents until his human assistant MacDonald tells him about a film of his parents where he can also learn about the future. The archives are located in the Forbidden City, now a radioactive ruin, after obtaining a geiger counter and weapons from the armory, Caesar travels with MacDonald and orangutan Virgil to the Forbidden City and sneaks in to find the archives. However, there are still living there under the command of Governor Kolp. Caesar and his party view the recordings of Cornelius and Zira and learn about the future of the world, Caesar assembles a meeting to report his discoveries at the Forbidden City. Aldo objects when some humans show up and he leads the gorillas away, a team of scouts sent by Governor Kolp return and tell him about the Ape City. Kolp considers this covert trip by Caesar an act of espionage and his assistant Méndez believes they did nothing wrong and should be left alone, but Governor Kolp stubbornly declares war on Ape City, mustering the mutant humans to destroy the ape society. Aldo is furious that Caesar wants to co-exist peacefully with humans, Cornelius overhears this while trying to catch his escaped pet squirrel in a nearby tree. Aldo spots him and hacks the tree branch down, critically injuring Cornelius, after a gorilla scouting pair is attacked by the approaching humans, Aldo orders all humans to be corralled and leads the gorillas to loot the weapons armory much to Virgils dismay. Cornelius eventually dies from his wounds, leaving Caesar devastated, and it is at that moment that Kolps ragtag force launches their attack against Ape City. The initial mutant attack succeeds, forcing Caesar to order the defenders to fall back, Kolp and his remaining forces are killed by Aldos troops while attempting to retreat. After the battle, Aldo wants to kill the penned humans, Aldo declares that Caesar should be killed if he shields the humans. However, Virgil reveals Aldos responsibility for Cornelius death and the breaking of the ape communitys most sacred law, an infuriated Caesar pursues Aldo up a large tree, resulting in Aldo falling to his death during the fight. Caesar then attempts to free the humans, but they refuse to leave the pen unless humans are treated as equals, Caesar then realizes the apes are just as despicable as the former slave-owners
28.
The Sea Chase
–
The Sea Chase is a 1955 World War II drama film starring John Wayne and Lana Turner, David Farrar, Lyle Bettger, and Tab Hunter. It was directed by John Farrow from a screenplay by James Warner Bellah, captain Karl Ehrlich is the master of the elderly German steam freighter Ergenstrasse, in port at Sydney, Australia on the eve of the Second World War. Ehrlich is depicted as a patriot, a career naval officer who lost his rank and position after falling out of favour with the current regime. As his ship prepares for sea he meets with an old friend, British Commander Jeff Napier, germany has invaded Poland, and war is imminent. As his ship prepares to slip away, Ehrlich receives a visit from the German Consul-General and it is only after the Ergenstrasse slips out of harbour in thick fog that Ehrlich discovers the spy is in fact Keller. Old, slow and short on coal, the Ergenstrasse is seen as easy prey by the Australian Navy and by Napier in particular, but Napier is the only man who does not underestimate Ehrlich. While there, Ehrlichs first officer, the pro-Nazi Kirchner, murders three marooned seamen, but does not tell the captain about it, Napier discovers the bodies while in pursuit and believes his old friend is responsible. He vows to bring the German to justice as a war criminal, Ehrlich burns the ships lifeboats for fuel, upsetting the crew, then stops for wood at the fictitious Pom Pom Galli Atoll in mid-Pacific. While there, Ehrlich discovers that Kirchner murdered the fishermen and forces him to sign an account of his actions in the ships log, the ship arrives at Valparaíso in neutral Chile, and Ehrlich encounters Napier, as his ship HMAS Rockhampton has pursued him from New Zealand. Napier requests a transfer to the British Naval patrols in the North Sea, Napier tracks down Ehrlichs ship and sinks it in the North Sea, with Elsa and Ehrlich aboard, and with Kirchner as an unwilling participant in the short, one-sided battle. The ships log is handed over to Napier by the survivors, John Wayne as Capt. Karl Ehrlich Lana Turner as Elsa Keller David Farrar as Lt Cdr. The novel was published in 1948, Warner Bros bought the film rights. John Wayne was announced for the lead from June 1951 with Bolton Mallory reported as working on the script, soon after James Warner Bellah was announced as working on the script. Production of the film was delayed for a while, in August 1953 John Farrow, who had made Hondo with Wayne, signed as director. Filming finally began in September 1954, the fictional HMAS Rockhampton is played by HMCS New Glasgow, a River-class frigate built in Canada as a wartime emergency anti-submarine escort. She was placed in reserve in 1945, but in 1954 had recently been updated and recommissioned as a Prestonian-class frigate. The script was adapted from a novel of the name by Andrew Geer. She then headed for the subantarctic Auckland Islands, where she successfully evaded the cruiser HMNZS Leander, the freighter then made a desperate and successful escape, using jerry-rigged sails, to Valparaíso, Chile, in South America
29.
Yul Brynner
–
Yul Brynner was a Russian-born Swiss film and stage actor. Brynner was best known for his portrayal of King Mongkut of Siam in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I and he played the role 4,625 times on stage. He also starred as Ramesses II in the 1956 Cecil B, deMille blockbuster The Ten Commandments, and played General Bounine in the 1956 film Anastasia, and the gunman Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven. Brynner was noted for his voice and for his shaved head. Earlier, he was a model and television director, and later a photographer, Yul Brynner was born Yuliy Borisovich Briner July 11,1920 in Vladivostok, Far Eastern Republic. He enjoyed telling tall tales and exaggerating his background and early life for the press, claiming that he was born Taidje Khan of part-Mongol parentage, in reality of Swiss-German and Russian ancestry, he was born at home in a four-story residence at 15 Aleutskaya Street, Vladivostok. He had a sister, Vera. He occasionally referred to himself as Julius Briner, Jules Bryner or Youl Bryner, the 1989 biography by his son, Rock Brynner, clarified some of these issues. Brynners paternal grandmother, Natalya Yosifovna Kurkutova, was a native of Irkutsk, Brynners mother, Marousia Dimitrievna, came from the Russian intelligentsia and studied to be an actress and singer. Brynner felt a personal connection to the Romani people, in 1977, Brynner was named honorary president of the International Romani Union. Boris Briners work required extensive travel, and in 1923, he fell in love with an actress, Katya Kornukova, at the Moscow Art Theatre, and soon after abandoned his family. Yuls mother took his sister, Vera, and him to Harbin, China. In 1932, fearing a war between China and Japan, she took them to Paris, Brynner played his guitar in Russian nightclubs in Paris, sometimes accompanying his sister, playing Russian and Roma songs. He trained as an acrobat and worked in a French circus troupe for five years. In 1938, his mother was diagnosed with leukemia, and they moved back to Harbin. In 1940, speaking little English, he and his mother immigrated to the United States aboard the President Cleveland, arriving in New York City on October 25,1940, where his sister already lived. Vera, a singer, starred in The Consul on Broadway in 1950 and appeared at The Metropolitan Opera as Prince Orlofsky in Die Fledermaus and she later taught voice in New York. During World War II, Brynner worked as a French-speaking radio announcer and commentator for the US Office of War Information, at the same time, he studied acting in Connecticut with the Russian teacher Michael Chekhov
30.
Return of the Seven
–
Return of the Seven is the first sequel to the western, The Magnificent Seven. Yul Brynner is the returning cast member from the first film. Robert Fuller assumes the role of Vin from Steve McQueen, the film was written by Larry Cohen and directed by Burt Kennedy, and features Warren Oates, Claude Akins, Jordan Christopher, Virgilio Teixeira and Julian Mateos. Rey was in the film, Guns of the Magnificent Seven. Fifty gunmen force all of the men in a small Mexican village to ride off with them into the desert, among the captured farmers is Chico, who years before was one of seven hired gunslingers responsible for ridding the village of a tyrannical bandit, Calvera. Chicos wife, Petra, seeks out the members of the band of whom only two, Chris and Vin, survive. She begs them to save the village once more, to replace the deceased members of the group, Chris buys the release of Frank and Luis, held in the local jail and recruits Colbee, a ladies man and deadly gunman, and Manuel, a young cockfighter. The six men discover that the villagers are being used as slave labor to rebuild a desert village. In a surprise attack, the six gunmen force Lorcas men to leave, the cowed farmers offer no assistance, but the seven defenders successfully repulse Lorcas initial attack. Lorca, the rancher, then all of the men on his land to rout the seven men. The situation seems bleak until Manuel discovers a supply of dynamite which the seven use in a counteroffensive and they are eventually overrun, but Chris emerges victorious from a shootout with Lorca. The ranchers gang flee, leaving Frank, Luis, and Manuel dead in the fighting, Chris and Vin once more ride off together. Industry journal Variety called it unsatisfactory, composer Elmer Bernstein received an Academy Award nomination for his score, a re-recorded version of his score for The Magnificent Seven. The film earned an estimated $1.6 million in rentals during its initial release, the film was re-released in 1969 and earned rentals of $1.3 million. An article about the locations in Spain
31.
Adventures of Superman (TV series)
–
Adventures of Superman is an American television series based on comic book characters and concepts created in 1938 by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. The show is the first television series to feature Superman and began filming in 1951 in California on RKO-Pathé stages and it was sponsored by cereal manufacturer Kelloggs. The show, which was produced for television syndication rather than a network, has disputed first and last air dates but are generally accepted as September 19,1952. The shows first two seasons were filmed in black-and-white, seasons three through six were filmed in color but originally telecast in black and white, Superman was not shown in color until the series was syndicated to local stations in 1965. George Reeves played Clark Kent/Superman, with Jack Larson as Jimmy Olsen, John Hamilton as Perry White, Phyllis Coates played Lois Lane in the first season, with Noel Neill stepping into the role in the second and later seasons. Superman battles crooks, gangsters, and other villains in the city of Metropolis while masquerading off-duty as Daily Planet reporter Clark Kent. Lois Lane and Jimmy Olsen, Clarks colleagues at the office and its opening theme is known as The Superman March. In 1987, selected episodes of the show were released to video, in 2006, the series became available in its entirety on DVD. The feature film Hollywoodland was released in 2006, dramatizing the shows production, the film prompted the first television season to go into production in August/September of the same year. The success of the series came as a surprise to the cast. After the first seasons filming was completed, actress Phyllis Coates made other commitments, Noel Neill stepped into the role, and remained until the series cancellation. The core cast thereafter remained intact with Phillips Tead occasionally joining the regulars in the last seasons as the recurring character Professor Pepperwinkle. To promote and advertise the show, cast members Reeves, Hamilton, however, Noel Neill was never approached for these because sponsors worried that scenes of Clark Kent having breakfast with Lois Lane would be too suggestive. From the beginning, the series was filmed like a serial with principals wearing the same costumes throughout the show to expedite out-of-sequence shooting schedules. For instance, all scenes that took place in the Perry White Office set would be filmed back to back, for placement in various episodes. Money was further saved by using Clarks office as Loiss office with a change of wall hangings. In the last seasons, for example, few exterior location shoots were conducted, Reevess red-blue-and-yellow Superman costume was originally brown-gray-and-white so that it would photograph in appropriate gray tones on black-and-white film. After two seasons the producers began filming the show in color, a rarity for the time, filming of the color episodes began in late 1954 and were broadcast in monochrome starting in early 1955
32.
Crusader (TV series)
–
Crusader is a half-hour black-and-white American adventure/drama series that aired on CBS for two seasons from October 7,1955 to December 28,1956. It was originally sponsored by Camel cigarettes, Keiths Crusader has been compared to Zorro, The Lone Ranger, or The Cisco Kid in that the principal character is devoted to altruism. Anders is particularly interested in liberating oppressed peoples from communism, the series began as Nikita S. Khrushchev emerged as the premier and the general secretary of the Communist Party in the former Soviet Union. The 52-episode program, Keiths first television series, aired on CBS at 9 p. m. Eastern on Fridays. It was replaced on January 4,1957, by the Howard Duff and Ida Lupino sitcom, Mr. Adams and Eve, Crusader was filmed at Revue Studios, later part of Universal Television. Inger Stevens appeared as Alicia in the 1956 episode entitled, The Girl Across the Hall, actor and director Aaron Spelling guest starred in two episodes as the character Andrew Hock. Don Haggerty, formerly a star athlete at Brown University, appeared twice as Fred Martin, character actors Claude Akins and Robert F. Simon each appeared twice as characters named Glenn and Dave Bridley, respectively. Robert O. Cornthwaite starred twice too in the role of Joe Brennan, Two years before he was cast as Dr. Alex Stone on ABCs The Donna Reed Show, Carl Betz apepared twice on Crusader as Alan Kingman. Jay Novello also appeared twice as Bruno Menotti, francis De Sales, formerly on Mr. and Mrs. North and later on the syndicated western series, Two Faces West, appeared in two episodes as Sheriff Smithers. Simon Scott appeared twice too in the role of Jim Farragut, child actors Sandy Descher and Bobby Driscoll appeared as war orphans awaiting adoption. com
33.
I Love Lucy
–
I Love Lucy is a landmark American television sitcom starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance, and William Frawley. The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15,1951, to May 6,1957, after the series ended in 1957, however, a modified version continued for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials, it ran from 1957 to 1960. It was first known as The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show and later in reruns as The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour. The show, which was the first scripted television program to be shot on 35 mm film in front of an audience, won five Emmy Awards. I Love Lucy was the most watched show in the United States in four of its six seasons, the show is still syndicated in dozens of languages across the world and remains popular with an American audience of 40 million each year. A colorized version of its Christmas episode attracted more than 8 million viewers when CBS aired it in time in 2013 –62 years after the show premiered. A second colorized special, featuring the L. A, at Last. and Lucy and Superman episodes, aired on May 17,2015, attracting 6.4 million viewers. I Love Lucy is often regarded as one of the greatest and most influential sitcoms in history, in 2012, it was voted the Best TV Show of All Time in a survey conducted by ABC News and People Magazine. The Ricardos best friends, Fred and Ethel, are former vaudevillians, unfortunately, she has few marketable performance skills. She does not seem to be able to carry a tune or play anything other than off-key renditions of such as Glow Worm on the saxophone. However, to say she is completely without talent would be untrue, as on occasion, she is shown to be a good dancer, the show provided Ball ample opportunity to display her considerable skill at clowning and physical comedy. Character development was not a focus of early sitcoms, so little was offered about her life before the show. Her family was absent, other than occasional appearances by her bird-brained mother and she was also depicted as a devoted housewife and attentive mother. Lucys husband, Ricky Ricardo, is an up-and-coming Cuban American singer and bandleader with an excitable personality and his patience is frequently tested by his wifes antics. When exasperated, he reverts to speaking rapidly in Spanish. As with Lucy, not much is revealed about his past or family, Rickys mother appears in two episodes, in another Lucy mentions that he has five brothers. Ricky also mentions that he had practically raised by his uncle Alberto. The story, at least insofar as related to newspaper columnist Hedda Hopper, is that the met in Havana when Lucy
34.
Western (genre)
–
Cowboys and gunslingers typically wear Stetson hats, bandannas, spurs, cowboy boots and buckskins. Other characters include Native Americans, bandits, lawmen, bounty hunters, outlaws, mounted cavalry, settlers, Westerns often stress the harshness of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape of deserts and mountains. Often, the vast landscape plays an important role, presenting a. mythic vision of the plains, specific settings include ranches, small frontier towns, saloons, railways and isolated military forts of the Wild West. Many Westerns use a plot of depicting a crime, then showing the pursuit of the wrongdoer, ending in revenge and retribution. The Western was the most popular Hollywood genre, from the early 20th century to the 1960s, Western films first became well-attended in the 1930s. John Fords landmark Western adventure Stagecoach became one of the biggest hits in 1939, Westerns were very popular throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Many of the most acclaimed Westerns were released during this time – including High Noon, Shane, The Searchers, the Western depicts a society organized around codes of honor and personal, direct or private justice–frontier justice–dispensed by gunfights. These honor codes are played out through depictions of feuds or individuals seeking personal revenge or retribution against someone who has wronged them. The popular perception of the Western is a story that centers on the life of a semi-nomadic wanderer, a showdown or duel at high noon featuring two or more gunfighters is a stereotypical scene in the popular conception of Westerns. In some ways, such protagonists may be considered the descendants of the knight errant which stood at the center of earlier extensive genres such as the Arthurian Romances. And like knights errant, the heroes of Westerns frequently rescue damsels in distress, similarly, the wandering protagonists of Westerns share many characteristics with the ronin in modern Japanese culture. The Western typically takes these elements and uses them to tell simple morality tales, Westerns often stress the harshness and isolation of the wilderness and frequently set the action in an arid, desolate landscape. Apart from the wilderness, it is usually the saloon that emphasizes that this is the Wild West, it is the place to go for music, women, gambling, drinking, brawling and shooting. The American Film Institute defines western films as those set in the American West that embodies the spirit, the struggle, the term Western, used to describe a narrative film genre, appears to have originated with a July 1912 article in Motion Picture World Magazine. Most of the characteristics of Western films were part of 19th century popular Western fiction and were firmly in place before film became an art form. Protagonists ride between dusty towns and cattle ranches on their trusty steeds, Western films were enormously popular in the silent film era. With the advent of sound in 1927-28, the major Hollywood studios rapidly abandoned Westerns, leaving the genre to smaller studios and these smaller organizations churned out countless low-budget features and serials in the 1930s. Released through United Artists, Stagecoach made John Wayne a mainstream star in the wake of a decade of headlining B westerns
35.
Frontier (1955 TV series)
–
Frontier is an American Western anthology series that aired on NBC from September 1955 to September 1956. The series de-emphasizes gunplay and focuses on the hazards of the settlement of the American West and it was only the second anthology Western series in television history, having been preceded by Death Valley Days. Frontier aired premiered on September 25,1955, and ran sporadically in its last five months, walter Coy narrated the series and starred in occasional episodes, which are dramatizations based on actual events. The program was produced by Worthington Miner, Coy begins each Frontier episode with the line, This is the way it happened. Movin west, and he closed with the refrain, It happened that way, Frontier ran only a single season but was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award. Robert Vaughn was Kellys co-star in The Return of Jubal Dolan, the series was produced by California National Productions, which also released three syndicated western series, Boots and Saddles, Union Pacific and Pony Express. Frontier aired at 7,30 p. m. Eastern on Sundays following the sitcom Its a Great Life and its principal competition was on CBS, the alternating comedy programs, The Jack Benny Show and Private Secretary with Ann Sothern. Frontier was replaced on NBC in the 1956–57 season by Circus Boy, Death Valley Days Death Valley Days, radio program Frontier at the Internet Movie Database Frontier at CVTA with episode list
36.
My Friend Flicka (TV series)
–
My Friend Flicka is a 39-episode western television series set at the fictitious Goose Bar Ranch in Wyoming at the turn of the 20th century. The program was filmed in color but initially aired in black and white on CBS at 7,30 p. m. Fridays from February 10,1956 and it was a mid-season replacement for Gene Autrys The Adventures of Champion. Both series, however failed in the ratings against ABCs The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin, NBC carried the program in color at 6,30 p. m. Sunday from September to December 1957 and at 7 p. m. Sunday from January to May 1958. In subsequent years, the series aired mostly on Saturday mornings on all networks, the Disney Channel ran it on Monday evenings in the mid-1980s. Over the years many viewers were unaware that the produced episodes for only a single season. My Friend Flicka starred native Canadian Johnny Washbrook as Ken McLaughlin, a boy devoted to his horse Flicka, Swedish for girl, Gene Evans played the authoritarian father Rob McLaughlin, a former U. S. Army cavalry officer. Anita Louise was cast as the mother, Nell. Frank Ferguson portrayed Gus Broeberg, the loyal Swedish ranch hand, Flicka is based on a novel by Mary OHara, written at the Remount Ranch, located between Laramie and Cheyenne, Wyoming. Some Internet sites say that the series is set in Montana, the majority of the filming, however, was at Fox Movie Ranch. My Friend Flicka holds the distinction of having been the first television series filmed by 20th Century Fox, a 1943 film, My Friend Flicka, starred Roddy McDowall as Ken. Johnny Washbrook guested on several TV shows after the series ended and he has appeared in several western celebrity signing shows in the U. S. lately, and lives with his family in Marthas Vineyard. Sydney Mason appeared on My Friend Flicka seven times as Sheriff Downey, robert Adler appeared five times in different roles, Claude Akins, three times, and Hugh Beaumont, Tiger Fafara and Denver Pyle, twice. Pamela Baird appeared in ten episodes as Hildy Broeberg, Beaumont, Fafara, and Baird later had roles on the sitcom Leave It to Beaver. One Mans Horse, Flicka is stolen by an outlaw, blind Faith, Flicka is blinded in an accident and unexpectedly recovers. A Case of Honor, Rob is accused of poisoning a water hole during a clash of ranchers and sheepherders, a Good Deed, Ken and Flicka help a disabled boy overcome his fear of horses. Cavalry Horse, the McLaughlins try to save a horse from extermination. The Accident, Ken is stalked by a cougar after being thrown by Flicka, the Stranger, Ken is held hostage by an escaped convict. The Wild Horse, strangers want to buy Flicka, who goes missing after Ken refuses to sell
37.
Northwest Passage (TV series)
–
Northwest Passage is a 26-episode half-hour adventure television series produced by Metro Goldwyn Mayer about Major Robert Rogers during the time of the French and Indian War. The show derived its title and the main characters Rogers, Towne, and Marriner from the 1937 novel of the name by Kenneth Roberts. This attempt, lending its name to the novel and used by Roberts as a metaphor for the human spirit, is referenced in the first episode. One of the earlier series telecast in color, Northwest Passage aired new episodes on NBC from September 14,1958, to March 13,1959. Rogers formed a group, Rogers Rangers, determined to fight with the British against the French. The series premiere entitled Fight at the River featured 24-year-old Denny Scott Miller as Ranger Cooper and he was later Duke Shannon on the Western Wagon Train and the military husband in NBCs Mona McCluskey. The Bound Women on October 12 co-starred character actor Claude Akins and Angie Dickinson, Break Out on October 19 featured Bruce Gordon as Major Marten and Bing Russell as Private Ben Smith. Rogers, Marriner, and Towne are captured by a French patrol and thrown into a prison stockade, the Assassin on November 16 featured Pernell Roberts as Captain Jacques Chavez. The Long Rifle on November 23 featured Douglas Kennedy as Eli Dillon, vengeance Trail on December 21 featured Paul Fix, also appearing as the sheriff on Chuck Connorss The Rifleman. The Vulture on December 28 featured character actor Jay Novello, in The Counterfeiters on January 2, Rogers, Marriner, and Towne dine at a local tavern. Whey they pay their bill, they learn that their money, an investigation reveals other criminal activity. In Death Rides the Wind on January 23, two escaped convicts break into a trappers cabin, while the man sleeps, they eat his food, steal his pelts and a rifle and leave. The trapper was dying of smallpox, the Rangers must catch the convicts to keep them for infecting the nearest town. In The Fourth Brother on January 30, a trapper is robbed and murdered, suspicion falls on the Wade brothers. However, Dan Wade, the youngest brother played by Gene Nelson, insists that he had nothing to do with the crime, in The Ambush on February 6, character actor I. Stanford Jolley played an unnamed magistrate, Stab in the Back on February 20 features Paul Picerni as Guy Perro. Picerni later joined the cast of ABCs The Untouchables, trial by Fire on March 6 features actor Peter Whitney as Dumauier. The Killers, the finale, features John Russell, also the costar of ABCs Lawman
38.
The Restless Gun
–
A skilled gunfighter, Bonner is an idealistic person who prefers peaceful resolutions of conflict wherever possible. He is gregarious, intelligent, and public-spirited, the half-hour black-and-white program aired seventy-eight episodes. Jeanne Bates appeared in varying roles with Payne in five episodes of The Restless Gun, the Restless Gun theme song begins, I ride with the wind, my eyes on the sun, and my hand on my restless gun. The song composer is probably Paul Dunlap, credited as the series composer. Two versions are posted on YouTube, but neither posting lists any composer or performance credits. For the television version, however, the name was changed to Vint Bonner, some episodes were based on the radio programs. The principal producer of The Restless Gun was David Dortort, thereafter in 1959 the executive producer of NBCs blockbuster western hit Bonanza, Dortort did not create The Restless Gun, nor did he produce the pilot episode, and he rarely contributed original scripts. The Restless Gun ranked in the Top Ten during its first season on the air,8, but it was not among the highest rated programs in the second season. Set in Texas, The Restless Gun pilot episode features Andrew Duggan, William Hopper, Hopper plays a former lawman from Laredo in south Texas and long-time friend of Bonners. Hoppers character is being sought for revenge by Duggan, whom the lawman had sent to prison, in the episode, Bonner speaks of taking a job near Waco. Most end titles of The Restless Gun episodes read Based on characters created by Frank Burt, nor is he listed as the creator. Payne is the producer of his series, but a critic calls that designation vanity. On March 1,2010, Timeless Media Group released a 3-disc best-of set featuring 24 episodes from the series, on April 23,2013, Timeless Media released Restless Gun, The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1. The 9-disc set features all 78 episodes of the series, in its first season, The Restless Gun was aired opposite The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show on CBS and the short-lived variety program, The Guy Mitchell Show on ABC. In the second season, CBS aired a western, Rory Calhouns The Texan, rebroadcasts of The Restless Gun continued on NBC until September 1959. Then ABC rebroadcast The Restless Gun weekdays from October 1959 to September 1960, as of May 2016, it currently runs weekdays on GetTV at 7, 00AM PST. The Restless Gun at the Internet Movie Database The Restless Gun at TV. com
39.
Sheriff of Cochise
–
Sheriff of Cochise is a Western-themed crime drama set in Cochise County, Arizona. Starring John Bromfield, the series aired episodes in syndication from September 1956 to January 1958. As U. S. Marshal, another sixty episodes aired from October 1958 to April 1960, Bromfield portrays law enforcement officer Frank Morgan. In the first two seasons, Morgan is the sheriff of Cochise County in southern Arizona, in the third season, Desilu Studios boss Desi Arnaz, Sr. retitled the series so that Morgan would work throughout Arizona as a U. S. Marshal and be involved in a number of cases. The first-season episodes were released under the alternative title, Man from Cochise. This program was produced by Desilu in association with National Telefilm Associates, stan Jones, author of the classic western song Ghost Riders in the Sky, created the series and played Bromfields top deputy, Harry Olson, in twenty-four episodes before he left the cast. In the first season, Frank Ferguson of the My Friend Flicka series appeared twice as Deputy Henry Murdock, also cast as deputies were Roy Engel, James Griffith, Sheriff of Cochise has been loosely compared to another contemporary crime drama, Highway Patrol, starring Broderick Crawford. It is also similar in theme and setting to Rod Camerons syndicated State Trooper, the Witnesses is the transitional episode leading to U. S. Marshal. In the story line, Sheriff Morgan transfers federal witnesses from Cochise County to the U. S. Marshals office in Tucson, the criminal element tries to gun down the witnesses, and the current marshal is mortally wounded. Morgan is then appointed as the new marshal, the episode features Joe De Santis, Chris Alcaide, and Roy Barcroft. The series was filmed about Bisbee, the county seat of Cochise County in the corner of Arizona. Sheriff of Cochise at the Internet Movie Database
40.
Overland Trail (TV series)
–
Overland Trail is an American Western series starring William Bendix and Doug McClure which aired on NBC from February 7 to June 6,1960. Bendix portrayed Frederick Thomas Fred Kelly, fictitious superintendent of the Overland Stage Company, McClure appeared as Frank Flip Flippen, Bendixs young associate. Overland Trail aired opposite Lassie and Dennis the Menace on CBS and Walt Disney Presents, Overland Trail left the air on September 11,1960, after summer rebroadcasts. It was replaced by the last season of NBCs Shirley Temples Storybook, notable guest stars included, On February 14,2012, Timeless Media Group will release Overland Trail- The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1 for the very first time. Overland Trail at the Internet Movie Database Overland Trail at TV. com
41.
Frontier Circus
–
For the NBC program similarly named, see Frontier. Frontier Circus was an American Western television series about a traveling circus roaming the American West in the 1880s, filmed by Revue Productions, the program aired on the CBS from October 5,1961 until September 6,1962. Characters Thompson and Travis were the owners of the Thompson/Travis traveling circus, the difference between its plot and the plot of most standard Westerns may have led to its short run. Timeless Media Group released the series on DVD in Region 1 on April 20,2010. New York, Penguin Books ISBN 0-14-024916-8 Brooks, Tim and Marsh, Earle, The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network, new York, Ballantine Books ISBN 0-345-42923-0 Frontier Circus at the Internet Movie Database Frontier Circus at TV. com
42.
The Tall Man (TV series)
–
It was also theatrically released and dubbed in North Korea in the 1960s. The Tall Man stars 63 Barry Sullivan as Sheriff Pat Garrett, Gulager was 32 in 1960,11 years older than Billy the Kid was at the time of his death in 1881 at the age of 21. The highly fictionalized series provides a more humane image of the Kid than has history itself, in real life Garrett eventually shot Billy dead in a night-time ambush at a farmhouse in Fort Sumner, New Mexico, but no concluding episode depicting the grim conclusion was filmed. Set in and about Lincoln, New Mexico, the opens with a view of the extremely long shadow cast by Sullivan on a Western street. When he sees his power threatened, Mason tries to hire Billy to kill Garrett, vaughn Taylor is cast in this episode as Judge Riley, and King Donovan appears as a Mason henchman. Marianna Hill was cast in episodes as one of Billys girlfriends. In one episode, Robert Lansing played the frontier dentist, gambler, andy Clyde was cast in five episodes as Pa McBeam, Judy Nugent plays McBeans daughter, June. Different actress were cast as the daughter, May. Hannah is lured to Lincoln through a fraudulent letter written by the McBeam daughters, in Substitute Sheriff, the McBeam daughters enlist their father as an acting sheriff in a scheme to thwart the seizure of their property for right-of-way by the railroad. Bob Hastings appears in this episode as J. S. Chase, andy Clyde also appeared at the time in the role of the neighboring farmer George MacMichael on ABCs The Real McCoys, starring Walter Brennan. In The Reversed Blade, Murray Matheson portrays Billys employer, John Tundall, Tundall grows indignant when the con-man Ben Webster, who stole his wife and $10,000 eight years earlier, arrives in Lincoln. Jeanne Cooper plays Tundalls former wife, now Mrs. Elmira Webster, John Tunstall died at twenty-four, but Matheson was forty-nine when he assumed the role as Billys employer. Two episodes focus on visits to Lincoln by Governor Lew Wallace of the New Mexico Territory, in The Great Western, Frank Ferguson plays Wallace in a story about Big Mamacita, the owner of a rowdy cantina outside Lincoln and her grandson, who is a Wallace aide. In The Black Robe, Robert Burton plays Governor Wallace, in the story line, after the fall of Emperor Maximilian, a French foreign agent is supplying arms to the Mescalero Apaches in a murky plot to reoccupy Mexico. Chief Yowlachie is cast as The Great Chief, Slim Pickens as Starr, and Martin Landau as Father Gueschim, a Roman Catholic priest. In The Cloudbusters, Frank de Kova plays Mike Gray Eagle, in Death or Taxes, Garrett rides into a railroad company town that abuses its workers, runs illegal gambling halls, and refuses to pay its taxes. Character actor Will Wright plays Mayor Hackett in this episode, which features James Seay as Holman, in Apache Daughter, J. Pat OMalley portrays Sam Bartlett, whose daughter, Sally, is released from Apache captivity after nine years. However, Sally wants to return to her husband, Talano, in Shadow of the Past, Charles Aidman is cast as Ben Wiley, the father of Billys newest girlfriend, Sue Wiley
43.
The Rebel (TV series)
–
The Rebel is a 76-episode American western television series starring Nick Adams that debuted on the ABC network from 1959 to 1961. The Rebel was one of the few Goodson-Todman Productions outside of their game show ventures, beginning in December 2011, The Rebel reruns began to air Saturday mornings on Me-TV. The series portrays the adventures of young Confederate Army veteran Johnny Yuma, haunted by his memories of the American Civil War, Yuma, in search of inner peace, roams the American West, specifically the Texas Hill Country and the South Texas Plains. He keeps a journal of his adventures and fights injustice where he finds it with a revolver, Nick Adams was the star and only regular actor of this series. John Carradine appeared in two episodes as Elmer Dodson, the editor in Johnny Yumas hometown, fictitious Mason City, Texas. John M. Pickard, formerly of the syndicated Boots and Saddles television series appeared three times on The Rebel, including the role of Sheriff Pruett in Run, Killer, Run. Hal Stalmaster played Skinny in the 1959 episode Misfits, including Malcolm Cassell as Billy the Kid, the young Misfits enlist The Rebels help to rob a bank and in their mind live thereafter a life of leisure. Leonard Nimoy was cast as Jim Colburn in the 1960 episode The Hunted, olive Sturgess guest-starred twice on The Rebel, as Jeannie in The Scavengers and as Charity Brunner, a woman in search of her missing miner husband, in The Pit. In the second episode, Sturgesss real-life six-month-old nephew, Leonard Sturgess, the first episode, Johnny Yuma, is set in early 1867. It shows Johnny Yuma returning to his nearly two years after the end of the war. His father, Ned Yuma, the sheriff, had killed by a gang that took control of the town. Dan Blocker of Bonanza fame plays the gang leader and this episode is when Yuma gets his fathers shotgun. Several place names mentioned throughout the episodes clearly place the action in post-Civil War Texas, New Mexico, forts noted in episodes, such as Fort Griffin and Fort Concho, were actual frontier Texas outposts of the late 1860s and are now state historic sites. In a first-season episode, Yuma encounters rag-tag rebel CSA soldiers in the mining town of La Paz. The actual town of La Paz was the seat of Yuma County between 1862 and 1870, it stood in the Confederate Arizona Territory which existed briefly during the Civil War, nothing remains of La Paz but crumbling foundations and a historical marker. In Vicious Circle, Yuma identifies the Confederate unit he served in as the 3rd Texas, other episodes show saddlebags stenciled with CSA and an old uniform jacket with yellow collar and cuffs, indicating his regiment was likely the 3rd Texas Cavalry. After the shows run on ABC finished in June 1961, it was picked up by NBC. The show’s theme song, The Rebel alias The Ballad of Johnny Yuma, was composed by Richard Markowitz, members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time
44.
The Big Valley
–
The show was created by A. I. Bezzerides and Louis F. Edelman and produced by Levy-Gardner-Laven for Four Star Television, the TV series was based loosely on the Hill Ranch, which was located at the western edge of Calaveras County, not far from Stockton. One episode placed the Barkley Ranch a few hours ride from town, the Hill Ranch existed from 1855 until 1931, included almost 30,000 acres, and the Mokelumne River ran through it. The source is from an episode in which Heath is on trial in a ghost town with another man, lawson Hill ran the ranch until he was murdered in 1861. His wife Euphemia then became the matriarch, during their marriage they had four children, one daughter and three sons. Today, the location of the ranch is covered by the waters of Lake Camanche, a California state historical marker standing at Camanche South Shore Park mentions the historic ranch. The set used to film the exterior of the Barkley Mansion stood on the backlot of Republic Studios from 1947 until 1975, at the beginning of the same episode, Jarrod Barkley and the other actor on the train indirectly say that the year is 1876. However, in episode, a newly dug grave has a marker with the year 1878. In the episode They Called Her Delilah, the telegram Jarrod received from Julia is dated April 27,1878, Victoria Barkley, portrayed by Barbara Stanwyck, was the widow of Thomas Barkley. She was the head of the wealthy, influential Barkley family who lived in 19th century Stockton in Californias Central Valley and she was the main character of the series. Victoria Barkley was the owner and head of the Barkley ranch, in fact, Stanwycks refusal to portray Barkley as fragile was controversial at the time. Barkleys husband Tom had been killed six years prior to the beginning of the series, Victoria Barkley loved and was proud of all her children, including her late husbands illegitimate son, Heath, whom she would refer to as my son. Stanwyck, who went from the refined, elegant lady of the manor to a jean-clad cowgirl as tough as any cowboy, Jarrod Thomas Barkley, the eldest son, was a respected attorney. Richard Long played the role of the educated, refined and calmer of the Barkley sons who handled all of the familys legal, while Jarrod preferred the law to settle disputes, he was known to resort to frontier justice and violence when necessary. He was briefly married in one only to see his new wife murdered with a bullet intended for him. An enraged Jarrod lost his calm and genteel mannerisms, then tracked down the killer. He was in the midst of killing him with his hands before he was stopped by Nick. Long appeared in 96 of the 112 episodes, nicholas Nick Jonathan Barkley, the hot-tempered younger son, was portrayed by Peter Breck
