The Blue Mountains, Ontario
The Blue Mountains is a town in Grey County, southwestern Ontario, located where the Beaver River flows into Nottawasaga Bay. It is named for the Blue Mountain, hence the economy of the town is centred on tourism on the Blue Mountain ski resort and the private Georgian Peaks, Osler and Alpine Ski Clubs; the town was formed on January 1, 2001, when the Town of Thornbury was amalgamated with the Township of Collingwood. Thornbury is home to the architecturally unique L. E. Shore Memorial Library, named after the founding partner of the architectural practice of Shore Tilbe Irwin + Partners, designed by the firm. During the Southern Ontario Tornado Outbreak of 2009, a tornado passed through the Blue Mountains area on August 20; the F2 tornado hit Craigleith before moving out onto Georgian Bay. Ravenna is the setting for the novel; the Blue Mountains has a host recreational activities for all the seasons. Most notably is the winter Skiing, Snowboarding and Cross-country Skiing. In the summer there is hiking, downhill/cross-country biking, an extravagant mini putt, the Ridge Runner and events such as Met Con Blue.
If physical activities are not what you are looking for, The Village at Blue Mountain has a plethora of boutiques, coffee shops, restaurants and chalets, as well as golf courses within walking distance. Less than a 5-minute drive away there is the Scandinave Spa which situated on 25 acres of natural Ontario birch, as well as the Scenic Caves for those who want to experience a different kind of adventure. Craigleith Provincial Park is located along Highway 26 near Blue Mountain resort; the Bruce Trail passes through sections of the town. The Kolapore area for mountain biking and cross-country skiing, Metcalfe Rock, popular with rock climbers as well as the Duncan Crevice Caves Nature Reserve are in the area as well; the primary population centre is Thornbury. Additionally the town's territory includes the communities of Banks, Castle Glen Estates, Christie Beach, Craigleith, Gibraltar, Swiss Meadows, Kolapore, Little Germany, Lora Bay, Ravenna, Red Wing and Victoria Corners. Thornbury was first incorporated in 1831 and divided from Collingwood Township in 1887 as a separate administration.
This existed until 2001 when it remerged with Collingwood Township to form The Blue Mountains municipality. The town was a shipping and processing centre for local agricultural produce apples through its harbour on Georgian Bay, Lake Huron. A small fishing fleet operated from the harbour; the coming of the railroad in 1855 further expanded trade and made the town a desirable summer resort for the wealthy from Toronto. Many large late nineteenth century houses on tree lined. Thornbury is home to the architecturally unique L. E. Shore Memorial Library, built in 1995 and named after the founding partner of the architectural practice of Shore Tilbe Irwin + Partners who designed it. Population trend: Population total in 1996: 5667 Collingwood: 3904 Thornbury: 1763 Population in 1991: Collingwood: 3390 Thornbury: 1646 Cecil Dillon – NHL hockey player of the 1930s Captain Charles Stuart – Anglo-American abolitionist who helped freed slaves make their way to Ontario via the Underground Railroad List of townships in Ontario The Town of The Blue Mountains The Town of The Blue Mountains Accommodation Blue Mountains Tourism
Toronto
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the most populous city in Canada, with a population of 2,731,571 in 2016. Current to 2016, the Toronto census metropolitan area, of which the majority is within the Greater Toronto Area, held a population of 5,928,040, making it Canada's most populous CMA. Toronto is the anchor of an urban agglomeration, known as the Golden Horseshoe in Southern Ontario, located on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. A global city, Toronto is a centre of business, finance and culture, is recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world. People have travelled through and inhabited the Toronto area, situated on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, urban forest, for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississauga surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793 and designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by United States troops.
York was incorporated in 1834 as the city of Toronto. It was designated as the capital of the province of Ontario in 1867 during Canadian Confederation; the city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation to its current area of 630.2 km2. The diverse population of Toronto reflects its current and historical role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. More than 50 percent of residents belong to a visible minority population group, over 200 distinct ethnic origins are represented among its inhabitants. While the majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, over 160 languages are spoken in the city. Toronto is a prominent centre for music, motion picture production, television production, is home to the headquarters of Canada's major national broadcast networks and media outlets, its varied cultural institutions, which include numerous museums and galleries and public events, entertainment districts, national historic sites, sports activities, attract over 25 million tourists each year.
Toronto is known for its many skyscrapers and high-rise buildings, in particular the tallest free-standing structure in the Western Hemisphere, the CN Tower. The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange, the headquarters of Canada's five largest banks, the headquarters of many large Canadian and multinational corporations, its economy is diversified with strengths in technology, financial services, life sciences, arts, business services, environmental innovation, food services, tourism. When Europeans first arrived at the site of present-day Toronto, the vicinity was inhabited by the Iroquois, who had displaced the Wyandot people, occupants of the region for centuries before c. 1500. The name Toronto is derived from the Iroquoian word tkaronto, meaning "place where trees stand in the water"; this refers to the northern end of what is now Lake Simcoe, where the Huron had planted tree saplings to corral fish. However, the word "Toronto", meaning "plenty" appears in a 1632 French lexicon of the Huron language, an Iroquoian language.
It appears on French maps referring to various locations, including Georgian Bay, Lake Simcoe, several rivers. A portage route from Lake Ontario to Lake Huron running through this point, known as the Toronto Carrying-Place Trail, led to widespread use of the name. In the 1660s, the Iroquois established two villages within what is today Toronto, Ganatsekwyagon on the banks of the Rouge River and Teiaiagon on the banks of the Humber River. By 1701, the Mississauga had displaced the Iroquois, who abandoned the Toronto area at the end of the Beaver Wars, with most returning to their base in present-day New York. French traders abandoned it in 1759 during the Seven Years' War; the British defeated the French and their indigenous allies in the war, the area became part of the British colony of Quebec in 1763. During the American Revolutionary War, an influx of British settlers came here as United Empire Loyalists fled for the British-controlled lands north of Lake Ontario; the Crown granted them land to compensate for their losses in the Thirteen Colonies.
The new province of Upper Canada was being needed a capital. In 1787, the British Lord Dorchester arranged for the Toronto Purchase with the Mississauga of the New Credit First Nation, thereby securing more than a quarter of a million acres of land in the Toronto area. Dorchester intended the location to be named Toronto. In 1793, Governor John Graves Simcoe established the town of York on the Toronto Purchase lands, naming it after Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany. Simcoe decided to move the Upper Canada capital from Newark to York, believing that the new site would be less vulnerable to attack by the United States; the York garrison was constructed at the entrance of the town's natural harbour, sheltered by a long sand-bar peninsula. The town's settlement formed at the eastern end of the harbour behind the peninsula, near the present-day intersection of Parliament Street and Front Street. In 1813, as part of the War of 1812, the Battle of York ended in the town's capture and plunder by United States forces.
The surrender of the town was negotiated by John Strachan. American soldiers destroyed much of the garrison and set fire to the parliament buildings during their five-day occupation; because of the sacking of York, British troops retaliated in the war with the Burning of Wa
Construction
Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure. Construction differs from manufacturing in that manufacturing involves mass production of similar items without a designated purchaser, while construction takes place on location for a known client. Construction as an industry comprises six to nine percent of the gross domestic product of developed countries. Construction starts with planning and financing. Large-scale construction requires collaboration across multiple disciplines. A project manager manages the job, a construction manager, design engineer, construction engineer or architect supervises it; those involved with the design and execution must consider zoning requirements, environmental impact of the job, budgeting, construction-site safety and transportation of building materials, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays and bidding. Large construction projects are sometimes referred to as megaprojects. Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form objects, systems, or organizations, comes from Latin constructio and Old French construction.
To construct is the verb: the act of building, the noun construction: how a building was built, the nature of its structure. In general, there are three sectors of construction: buildings and industrial. Building construction is further divided into residential and non-residential. Infrastructure is called heavy civil or heavy engineering that includes large public works, bridges, railways, water or wastewater and utility distribution. Industrial construction includes refineries, process chemical, power generation and manufacturing plants. There are other ways to break the industry into sectors or markets. Engineering News-Record, a trade magazine for the construction industry, each year compiles and reports data about the size of design and construction companies. In 2014, ENR compiled the data in nine market segments divided as transportation, buildings, industrial, manufacturing, sewer/waste, hazardous waste and a tenth category for other projects. In their reporting, they used data on transportation, hazardous waste and water to rank firms as heavy contractors.
The Standard Industrial Classification and the newer North American Industry Classification System have a classification system for companies that perform or engage in construction. To recognize the differences of companies in this sector, it is divided into three subsectors: building construction and civil engineering construction, specialty trade contractors. There are categories for construction service firms and construction managers. Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings; the majority of building construction jobs are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. The owner of the property acts as laborer and design team for the entire project. Although building construction projects consist of common elements such as design, financial and legal considerations, projects of varying sizes may reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation. For this reason, those with experience in the field make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project to ensure a positive outcome.
Commercial building construction is procured or publicly utilizing various delivery methodologies, including cost estimating, hard bid, negotiated price, management contracting, construction management-at-risk, design & build and design-build bridging. Residential construction practices and resources must conform to local building authority regulations and codes of practice. Materials available in the area dictate the construction materials used. Cost of construction on a per square meter basis for houses can vary based on site conditions, local regulations, economies of scale and the availability of skilled tradesmen. Residential construction as well as other types of construction can generate waste such that planning is required. According to McKinsey research, productivity growth per worker in construction has lagged behind many other industries across different countries including in the United States and in European countries. In the United States, construction productivity per worker has declined by half since the 1960s.
The most popular method of residential construction in North America is wood-framed construction. Typical construction steps for a single-family or small multi-family house are: Obtain an engineered soil test of lot where construction is planned. From an engineer or company specializing in soil testing. Develop floor plans and obtain a materials list for estimations Obtain structural engineered plans for foundation and structure. To be completed by either a licensed engineer or architect. To include both a foundation and framing plan. Obtain lot survey Obtain government building approval if necessary If required obtain approval from HOA or ARC Clear the building site Survey to stake out for the foun
Kellie Leitch
Khristinn Kellie Leitch FRCSC is a Conservative MP in the House of Commons of Canada and former surgeon. She was first elected in 2011, succeeding Member of Parliament Helena Guergis, dismissed from the Conservative Party caucus. Following her election, Leitch was appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development. On July 15, 2013, Prime Minister Harper named Leitch Minister of Labour and Minister for the Status of Women, she served in Cabinet until the defeat of the Conservative government in the 2015 federal election. Leitch ran in the 2017 contest for the leadership of the Conservative Party. On January 23, 2018, Leitch announced that she would not be seeking re-election for the 43rd Canadian federal election and would return to being a full-time surgeon. Leitch was born in Winnipeg, the daughter of Eleanor Lynne and Kelburne "Kit" McNabb Leitch, who owned and operated a construction company, she was raised a Catholic, still practises the religion.
She graduated from Queen's University in 1991 with an undergraduate degree. She earned her MD from the University of Toronto in 1994, MBA from Dalhousie University in 1998, completed the Orthopaedic Surgery Residency Program in 2001 at the University of Toronto, she became a fellow of clinical paediatric orthopaedics at Children's Hospital Los Angeles/University of Southern California in 2002. Leitch taught at the University of Western Ontario, where she served as the assistant dean of external affairs at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, is a former chair of paediatric surgery at the Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, she was an orthopaedic pediatric surgeon at SickKids Hospital for one year before pursuing a career in politics. Leitch is an associate professor at the University of Toronto. Leitch was the founding chair of the Ivey Centre for Health Innovation and Leadership and led the health sector stream of the MBA programme at the Richard Ivey School of Business located at the University of Western Ontario.
In 2009, Leitch founded the Kids Health Foundation, an organization that sought to work with academia, the not-for-profit sector and industry to make Canada the healthiest place on earth for children to grow up. Leitch has maintained her medical credentials while serving in politics, has hospital privileges at Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario in Ottawa. Leitch is an active member of the Conservative Party of Canada and the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, she was a strategist in Progressive Conservative MPP Christine Elliott's leadership bid in 2009. She served as president of the Ontario PC Campus Association, has been involved in the Conservative Party since she was 14. Leitch served as chair of the expert panel for the Children's Fitness Tax Credit in 2006, which made recommendations to Jim Flaherty, Minister of Finance, regarding the best ways to implement this tax credit designed to encourage health and fitness among Canadian children. In 2008, Leitch authored the report entitled Reaching for the Top: A Report by the Advisor on Healthy Children & Youth.
The report is a "call to action" for government and industry on key issues affecting Canadian children and youth. Leitch serves on the boards for CANFAR, the National Research Council, YMCA, Genome Canada, among others. On September 17, 2010, The Globe and Mail reported that Leitch would run for the Conservative nomination in Simcoe-Grey; the seat was, at the time, held by Helena Guergis, expelled from the Conservative Party. The Globe described Leitch as a "star candidate" and noted that her launch event in Creemore the following day would include former Ontario premier Bill Davis and federal Finance Minister Jim Flaherty. Leitch won the nomination over Collingwood mayor Chris Carrier and Paul Throop with 67% of all ballots cast in a large turnout. Leitch won the general election with more votes than any candidate for public office had received in Simcoe-Grey, with 31,784 ballots cast for her and a plurality of 20,590 votes, or 49.36% of the vote. Following her election, Leitch was appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.
As part of the February 2014 budget, Leitch announced a $25 million plan to address violence against aboriginal women and girls. On July 15, 2013, Prime Minister Harper named Leitch Minister of Labour and Minister for the Status of Women. During the 2015 Canadian federal election, Leitch said that she was pro-life when asked at a local debate, citing her experience as a paediatric surgeon as her reason. On October 2, 2015, during the general election and then-Minister of Citizenship and Immigration Chris Alexander announced a Royal Canadian Mounted Police "tip line" where Canadians could report "barbaric cultural practices", along with the niqab issue, was viewed as an attempt to keep cultural and immigration issues at the forefront of the election campaign. Leitch expressed regret in her involvement of the "barbaric cultural practices tip line". However, in an interview, on the statement the tip line "is a good idea but wasn’t communicated as as it could be to the public" she characterised it as being "absolutely correct".
Although Leitch was re-elected in the 2015 election, the Conservatives were relegated to Official Opposition status. During the election, Leitch campaigned with over 70 Conservative candidates, which prepared the groundwork for her participation in the 2017 Conservative leadership election to replace Stephen Harper, she recruited Nick Kouvalis and Richard Ciano to head her leadership campaign, Andy Pringle of the Toronto Police Services Board was her chief fundraiser. Leitch was the first official candid
Melancthon, Ontario
Melancthon is a rural Canadian township in the northwest corner of Dufferin County, bordered on the east by Mulmur Township, Amaranth Township and East Luther Grand Valley to the south, Southgate Township to the west, the Municipality of Grey Highlands to the north. The township does not include the town of Shelburne on its southern border, it has one of the lowest population densities in southwestern Ontario. The primary industry of the township is farming, with limited beef, dairy and horse farming, it is home to the Melancthon EcoPower Centre wind farm. The township was founded in 1853 as a part of Grey County and transferred to Dufferin County in 1881. Township council comprises Mayor Bonikowsky, a deputy mayor and three councillors; the township of Melancthon comprises a number of villages and hamlets, including the following communities: Auguston, Horning's Mills, Mayburne, Ostrander, Riverview and Wrigglesworth Corner. Population trend: Population in 2011: 2839 Population in 2006: 2895 Population in 2001: 2796 Population in 1996: 2607 Population in 1991: 2447Private dwellings occupied by usual residents: 974 List of townships in Ontario Media related to Melancthon, Ontario at Wikimedia Commons Township of Melancthon
Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir
Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. It is headquartered in the Centre d'éducation catholique Omer-Deslauriers in North York, Ontario, Canada; the CSDCCS provides French-language school services to the following areas in Ontario: the cities of Toronto and Kawartha Lakes the regional municipalities of Durham, Peel, Halton and Waterloo, the Counties of Brant, Haldimand, Northumberland, Peterborough and Wellington, the District Municipality of Muskoka, in the District of Parry Sound, the Town of Parry Sound and the Townships of Carling, McDougall, McKellar and Seguin. As part of the province-wide restructuring of Ontario's school boards as a consequence of the passage of the Fewer School Boards Act, 1997, the French-language Separate District School Board No. 64 was created to take over the French-language schools managed by the area's separate school boards. In Toronto, until 1998, the board was known as Les Conseil des écoles catholiques du Grand Toronto, it was renamed as the Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud in 1999.
In May 2017, it was renamed to the Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. The Board's schools cover the Greater Golden Horseshoe area of Ontario; the school board operates 46 elementary schools, 11 secondary schools, two schools that provides both elementary, secondary levels of education. Conseil scolaire Viamonde, public French-language secular school board for the Ontario Peninsula, including the Greater Golden Horseshoe List of school districts in Ontario List of high schools in Ontario School Board information Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud at the Wayback Machine Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud at the Wayback Machine
Canada
Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres, making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border, its capital is Ottawa, its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto and Vancouver. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra, its population is urbanized, with over 80 percent of its inhabitants concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, many near the southern border. Canada's climate varies across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons. Various indigenous peoples have inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Beginning in the 16th century and French expeditions explored, settled, along the Atlantic coast.
As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces; this began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy in the Westminster tradition, with Elizabeth II as its queen and a prime minister who serves as the chair of the federal cabinet and head of government; the country is a realm within the Commonwealth of Nations, a member of the Francophonie and bilingual at the federal level. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, education.
It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. A developed country, Canada has the sixteenth-highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the twelfth-highest ranking in the Human Development Index, its advanced economy is the tenth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Canada is part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings including the United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the G7, the Group of Ten, the G20, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the etymological origins of Canada, the name is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement".
In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona. Cartier used the word Canada to refer not only to that particular village but to the entire area subject to Donnacona. From the 16th to the early 18th century "Canada" referred to the part of New France that lay along the Saint Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named the Canadas. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the legal name for the new country at the London Conference, the word Dominion was conferred as the country's title. By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth"; the government of Louis St. Laurent ended the practice of using'Dominion' in the Statutes of Canada in 1951. In 1982, the passage of the Canada Act, bringing the Constitution of Canada under Canadian control, referred only to Canada, that year the name of the national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day.
The term Dominion was used to distinguish the federal government from the provinces, though after the Second World War the term federal had replaced dominion. Indigenous peoples in present-day Canada include the First Nations, Métis, the last being a mixed-blood people who originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations and Inuit people married European settlers; the term "Aboriginal" as a collective noun is a specific term of art used in some legal documents, including the Constitution Act 1982. The first inhabitants of North America are hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago; the Paleo-Indian archeological sites at Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are two of the oldest sites of human habitation in Canada. The characteristics of Canadian indigenous societies included permanent settlements, complex societal hierarchies, trading networks; some of these cultures had collapsed by the time European explorers arrived in the late 15th and early 16th centuries and have only been discovered through archeological investigations.
The indigenous population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between 200,000
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