1.
Atlanta, Georgia
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Atlanta is the capital of and the most populous city in the U. S. state of Georgia, with an estimated 2015 population of 463,878. Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, home to 5,710,795 people, Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County. In 1837, Atlanta was founded at the intersection of two lines, and the city rose from the ashes of the American Civil War to become a national center of commerce. Atlantas economy is considered diverse, with dominant sectors that include logistics, professional and business services, media operations, Atlanta has topographic features that include rolling hills and dense tree coverage. Revitalization of Atlantas neighborhoods, initially spurred by the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta, has intensified in the 21st century, altering the demographics, politics. Prior to the arrival of European settlers in north Georgia, Creek Indians inhabited the area, standing Peachtree, a Creek village located where Peachtree Creek flows into the Chattahoochee River, was the closest Indian settlement to what is now Atlanta. As part of the removal of Native Americans from northern Georgia from 1802 to 1825, the Creek ceded the area in 1821. In 1836, the Georgia General Assembly voted to build the Western, the initial route was to run southward from Chattanooga to a terminus east of the Chattahoochee River, which would then be linked to Savannah. After engineers surveyed various possible locations for the terminus, the zero milepost was driven into the ground in what is now Five Points. A year later, the area around the milepost had developed into a settlement, first known as Terminus, and later as Thrasherville after a merchant who built homes. By 1842, the town had six buildings and 30 residents and was renamed Marthasville to honor the Governors daughter, later, J. Edgar Thomson, Chief Engineer of the Georgia Railroad, suggested the town be renamed Atlantica-Pacifica, which was shortened to Atlanta. The residents approved, and the town was incorporated as Atlanta on December 29,1847, by 1860, Atlantas population had grown to 9,554. During the American Civil War, the nexus of multiple railroads in Atlanta made the city a hub for the distribution of military supplies, in 1864, the Union Army moved southward following the capture of Chattanooga and began its invasion of north Georgia. On the next day, Mayor James Calhoun surrendered Atlanta to the Union Army, on November 11,1864, Sherman prepared for the Union Armys March to the Sea by ordering Atlanta to be burned to the ground, sparing only the citys churches and hospitals. After the Civil War ended in 1865, Atlanta was gradually rebuilt, due to the citys superior rail transportation network, the state capital was moved from Milledgeville to Atlanta in 1868. In the 1880 Census, Atlanta surpassed Savannah as Georgias largest city, by 1885, the founding of the Georgia School of Technology and the citys black colleges had established Atlanta as a center for higher education. In 1895, Atlanta hosted the Cotton States and International Exposition, during the first decades of the 20th century, Atlanta experienced a period of unprecedented growth. In three decades time, Atlantas population tripled as the city expanded to include nearby streetcar suburbs
2.
Strip club
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Strip clubs are venues that regularly provide adult entertainment, predominantly in the form of striptease or other erotic or exotic dances. Strip clubs typically adopt a nightclub or bar style, and can adopt a theatre or cabaret-style. As of 2005, the size of the strip club industry was estimated to be US$75 billion. In 2002, the size of the U. S. strip club industry was estimated to be US$3.1 billion, profitability of strip clubs, as with other service-oriented businesses, is largely driven by location and customer spending habits. The popularity of a club is an indicator of its quality. The strip club as an outlet for salacious entertainment is a recurrent theme in popular culture, in some media, these clubs are portrayed primarily as gathering places of vice and ill repute. Clubs themselves and various aspects of the business are highlighted in these references, popular Internet sites for strip club enthusiasts also have lists calculated from the inputs of site visitors. Strip clubs are frequent targets of litigation around the world, and the sex industry, some clubs have been linked to organized crime. The term striptease was first recorded in 1938, though stripping, in the sense of women removing clothing to sexually excite men, for example, in Thomas Otways comedy The Soldiers Fortune a character says, Be sure they be lewd, drunken, stripping whores. Its combination with music seems to be as old, the erotic dance of the bee, performed by a woman known as Kuchuk Hanem, was witnessed and described by the French novelist Gustave Flaubert. In this dance the performer disrobes as she searches for an imaginary bee trapped within her garments and it is likely that the women performing these dances did not do so in an indigenous context, but rather, responded to the commercial climate for this type of entertainment. In France during the late 19th century, Parisian shows such as the Moulin Rouge and Folies Bergère were featuring attractive, scantily clad, dancing women and tableaux vivants. This routine, Le coucher dYvette, inspired French acts in theaters and brothels in other parts of the world, the first public act of striptease in modern times is credited to Parisian theater in 1894. In 1905, Dutch dancer Mata Hari, later shot as a spy by the French authorities during World War I, was a success from the debut of her act at the Musée Guimet. The most celebrated segment of her act was her progressive shedding of clothing until she wore just a jeweled bra and some ornaments over her arms and head. Another landmark performance was the appearance at the Moulin Rouge in 1907 of an actress called Germaine Aymos who entered dressed only in three very small shells. In the 1930s, the famous Josephine Baker danced semi-nude in the danse sauvage at the Folies and these shows were notable for their sophisticated choreography and for often dressing the girls in glitzy sequins and feathers. By the 1960s fully nude shows were provided at such places as Le Crazy Horse Saloon, in Britain in the 1930s, Laura Henderson began presenting nude shows at the Windmill Theatre in London
3.
Kitsch
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Kitsch is art, objects, or design considered to be in poor taste because of excessive garishness or sentimentality, but sometimes appreciated in an ironic or knowing way. Hence, kitsch art is associated with sentimental art. Kitsch is also related to the concept of camp, because of its humorous, the chocolate box artist Thomas Kinkade, whose idyllic landscape scenes were often lampooned by art critics as maudlin and schmaltzy, is considered a leading example of contemporary kitsch. The term is sometimes applied to music or literature. As a descriptive term, kitsch originated in the art markets of Munich in the 1860s and the 1870s, describing cheap, popular, in Das Buch vom Kitsch, Hans Reimann defines it as a professional expression born in a painters studio. The study of kitsch was done almost exclusively in German until the 1970s, modernist writer Hermann Broch argues that the essence of kitsch is imitation, kitsch mimics its immediate predecessor with no regard to ethics—it aims to copy the beautiful, not the good. Kitsch is less about the thing observed than about the observer, according to Roger Scruton, Kitsch is fake art, expressing fake emotions, whose purpose is to deceive the consumer into thinking he feels something deep and serious. Cliché Lowbrow Museum of Bad Art Poshlost Prolefeed Notable examples Dogs Playing Poker Velvet Elvis Adorno, wabi and Kitsch, Two Japanese Paradigms in Æ, Canadian Aesthetics Journal 15. Faszination und Herausforderung des Banalen und Trivialen, cheetham, Mark A. Kant, Art and Art History, moments of discipline. Kitsch, The World of Bad Taste, Universe Books, the Kitsch Style and the Age of Kitsch, in J. Goudsblom and S. Mennell The Norbert Elias Reader. Vermehrte und verbesserte Auflage München, Wilhelm Fink Verlag, frankfurt am Main, S. Fischer Verlag. Incredible Tretchikoff, Life of an artist and adventurer, ISBN 0-8070-6681-8 Holliday, Ruth and Potts, Tracey Kitsch. Cultural Politics and Taste, Manchester University Press, eine Studie über die Entartung der Kunst. The Modern System of the Arts, psychologie du Kitsch, Lart du Bonheur, Denoël-Gonthier Nerdrum, Odd. The Artificial Kingdom, On the Kitsch Experience, University of Minnesota ISBN 0-8166-4117-X Reimann, Hans. Balsam für Herz und Seele, ISBN 978-3-7630-2493-3, Kitsch in Sync, A Consumers Guide to Bad Taste, Plexus Publishing. In John Walkers Glossary of art, architecture & design since 1945, avant-Garde and Kitsch – essay by Clement Greenberg Kitsch and the Modern Predicament – essay by Roger Scruton Why Dictators Love Kitsch by Eric Gibson, The Wall Street Journal, August 10,2009
4.
Insomniac with Dave Attell
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Insomniac with Dave Attell is a television show on Comedy Central hosted by comedian Dave Attell which ran from August 5,2001 until November 11,2004. Host Dave Attell goes through a city at night, beginning with his performance at a local comedy club, then going to various bars, landmarks. He usually also stops at a restaurant that specializes in a local favorite, along the way Attell cracks jokes with passersby and takes pictures with a disposable camera. The 30-minute program ran for four seasons on Comedy Central and continued with six one-hour specials that were filmed in Tokyo, Amsterdam, Rio de Janeiro, Dublin, London, two volumes of the show under the title The Best of Insomniac Uncensored were released on DVD. The producers of Insomniac were Nick McKinney, Dave Hamilton and Mala Chapple, McKinney and Hamilton also directed all the episodes. The shows theme song and series composer was Bob Golden, march on the South Rio Dave Janeiro Sloshed in Translation Insomni-Achtung Baby. Hambone Official website Insomniac with Dave Attell at the Internet Movie Database
5.
Marilyn Manson
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Brian Hugh Warner, better known by the stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American singer, songwriter, musician, composer, actor, painter, author and former music journalist. His stage name was formed by combining and juxtaposing the names of two American pop cultural icons, actress Marilyn Monroe and cult leader Charles Manson. In the U. S. alone, three of the albums have been awarded platinum and three more went gold, and the band has had eight releases debut in the top ten. Manson has been ranked number 44 in the Top 100 Heavy Metal Vocalists by Hit Parader, Manson made his film debut in 1997 as an actor in David Lynchs Lost Highway. Since then he has appeared in a variety of minor roles and he was interviewed in Michael Moores political documentary Bowling for Columbine, discussing possible motivations for the 1999 Columbine massacre and allegations that his music was somehow a factor. On September 13–14,2002, his first art show, The Golden Age of Grotesque, was held at the Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions center. Manson revealed a series of 20 paintings in 2010 entitled Genealogies of Pain, an exhibition showcased at Kunsthalle gallery in Vienna, Austria, which the artist collaborated on with David Lynch. Warner and guitarist Scott Daisy Berkowitz Putesky formed Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids following conversations at the Reunion Room in Fort Lauderdale, the name was later shortened to Marilyn Manson. In 1993, the band drew the attention of Trent Reznor, Reznor produced their 1994 debut album, Portrait of an American Family and released it on his Nothing Records label. The band began to develop a following, which grew larger on the Downward Spiral Tour that featured Nine Inch Nails. That EP yielded the bands first big MTV hit with Sweet Dreams, antichrist Superstar was an even greater success. In the U. S. alone, three of the albums have been awarded two platinum and three more went gold, and the band has had seven releases debut in the top ten. Manson first worked as a producer with the band Jack Off Jill and he helped name the band and produced most of the bands early recordings, and also played guitar on the song My Cat and had the band open most of his South Florida shows. Manson later wrote the notes to the bands album Humid Teenage Mediocrity 1992–1996. Manson has appeared as a guest performer on DMXs album Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood, in 2011 it was revealed that Manson was to appear on the singer Skylar Greys album Invinsible on the track entitled Cant Haunt Me. Manson released his studio album, Born Villain, in May 2012. On November 10,2014, Manson posted via his official Facebook page that his studio album, The Pale Emperor. On August 15,2015, Manson had New Orleans brass ensemble the Soul Rebels perform Beautiful People with him live in Japan at the Summer Sonic Music Festival, shooter Jennings album Countach features Manson performing guest vocals on a cover of David Bowies Cat People
6.
Ashton Kutcher
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Christopher Ashton Kutcher is an American actor and investor. Kutcher began his career as a model and began his career portraying Michael Kelso in the Fox sitcom That 70s Show. He made his debut in the romantic comedy Coming Soon and became known by audiences in the comedy film Dude. In 2004, Kutcher starred in the role of the psychological film The Butterfly Effect. Kutcher subsequently appeared in romantic comedies, including Guess Who, A Lot Like Love, What Happens in Vegas. From 2011 to 2015, he starred as Walden Schmidt on the CBS sitcom Two, in 2013, Kutcher portrayed Steve Jobs in the biographical film Jobs. Kutcher was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, to Diane, a Procter & Gamble employee, and Larry M. Kutcher and his father is of Czech descent, while his mother is of Czech, German, and Irish ancestry. Kutcher was raised in a relatively conservative Catholic family and he has an older sister named Tausha and a fraternal twin brother named Michael, who had a heart transplant when the brothers were young children. Michael also has cerebral palsy and is a spokesperson for the advocacy organization Reaching for the Stars, michaels cardiomyopathy caused Kutchers home life to become increasingly stressful. He has said that he didnt want to come home and find more bad news about his brother, stating, Kutcher attended Washington High School in Cedar Rapids for his freshman year, before his family moved to Homestead, Iowa, where he attended Clear Creek Amana High School. During high school, he developed a passion for acting and appeared in school plays, however, Kutchers home life worsened as his parents divorced when he was 16. During his senior year, he broke into his school at midnight with his cousin in an attempt to steal money. Kutcher was convicted of burglary and sentenced to three years probation and 180 hours of community service. Kutcher stated that although the experience straightened him out, he lost his girlfriend and anticipated college scholarships, Kutcher enrolled at the University of Iowa in August 1996, where his planned major was biochemical engineering, motivated by the desire to find a cure for his brothers heart ailment. At college, Kutcher was kicked out of his apartment for being too noisy, Kutcher stated, I thought I knew everything but I didnt have a clue. I was partying, and I woke up many mornings not knowing what I had done the night before, I am amazed I am not dead. To earn money for his tuition, Kutcher worked as a college summer hire in the department for the General Mills plant in Cedar Rapids. While at the University of Iowa, he was approached by a scout at a bar called The Airliner in Iowa City, Iowa
7.
Kid Rock
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Robert James Ritchie, known professionally as Kid Rock, is an American singer, rapper, songwriter, musician, record producer, and actor. His 1998 album Devil Without a Cause sold 14 million copies worldwide and he is a five-time Grammy Award nominee and has sold 25 million albums in the U. S. according to Nielsen SoundScan. The RIAA certified him selling 23.5 million albums and he has sold over 35 million records worldwide and he was Soundscans number-one selling male solo musician of the 2000s, selling 17.6 million albums, he was 17th overall for the decade. Rock performed rap and hip hop with five releases between 1990 and 1997, including a reissue and an EP. After signing a contract with Atlantic Records in 1998, he gained commercial success in the rap rock genre behind the singles Bawitdaba, Cowboy. Rocks follow-up records became more rock-, country-, and blues-oriented and his collaboration with Sheryl Crow on the song Picture was his first country hit and biggest pop hit in the US to date charting at No.4 on the Hot 100. After 2003s Kid Rock and 2006s Live Trucker sales declined from the previous releases, the album featured the song All Summer Long, which charted at No.1 in eight countries across Europe and Australia. Rock released Rebel Soul on November 19,2012 behind the rock hit Lets Ride, the album was certified gold in April 2013. Kid Rock released First Kiss on February 24,2015 behind the hit title track, Ritchie was born on January 17,1971 in Romeo, Michigan to William Bill Ritchie, a car dealer who owned several local dealerships, and Susan Ritchie. His family also owned an orchard and Robert regularly helped pick apples. He has three siblings, the two elder are brother William Billy Ritchie and sister Carol Ritchie, his sister, Jill Ritchie, is an actress. Ritchie found small-town life dull and became interested in rap music, learning how to breakdance, at age eleven, he joined a breakdance crew called the Furious Funkers and taught himself to work a cheap belt-driven turntable. In high school, Ritchie deejayed at parties for beer and he eventually joined Bo Wisdom of Groove Time Productions in Mt. Clemens, Michigan to perform basement parties for $30 a night. He chose his name while performing at these venues, club goers dubbed him Kid Rock after they had enjoyed watching that white kid rock. Ritchie eventually ran away to Mt. Clemens at 15 and stayed with his friend Chris Pouncy and he was forced by a local drug gang known as the Best Friends to sell drugs out of a car wash at which he worked. In an attempt to keep the kids out of trouble, a man in the organized a rap group, composed of its founder The Blackman, Champtown, KDC, Chris Doc Roun-Cee Pouncy. They were known as The Beast Crew, while performing, Rock befriended producer D-Nice of the legendary hip-hop group Boogie Down Productions. When Rock opened for BDP one night, D-Nice invited an A&R representative from Jive Records to see him perform and this meeting led to a demo deal that developed into a full record contract
8.
Skinny Lister
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Skinny Lister is a six piece British folk band, based in London performing mostly original compositions. Started in 2009, the band were a five piece until October 2013 when they added a drummer and they are signed to Xtra Mile Recordings in the UK, Side One Dummy Records in USA. and Uncle Owen Records in Japan. The band were formed in London in 2009 having met through folk clubs in Greenwich, prior to forming Skinny Lister, Dan Heptinstall, Sam Brace and Dan Grey had played together in Indie band The Alps. Dan Gray left the band in the summer of 2012 and was replaced with Michael Camino from Hawaii, in the spring of 2013 Sam Brace left the band and was replaced by Andy Slim Black, he has since rejoined. In the autumn of 2013 the band expanded to a six piece with the addition of drummer Dave, the band name is usually said to be taken from the nickname of someone Dan Heptinstall was at school with. During their first year they put three tracks on iTunes - Plough & Orion, December, and The Kite Song. During this time they auditioned for Side One Dummy records and Kevin Lyman in Los Angeles, the band will also be appearing at SXSW2013 and played Coachella as well as a number of other major festivals internationally in summer 2013. Their debut album Forge & Flagon was released in June 2012 in the UK and Europe January 2013 in the USA, between 2012 and 2014 Skinny Lister went through a number of line up changes. At the end of August 2012 Dan Grey left and was replaced by Michael Camino who the band had met on the Vans Warped Tour. In April 2013 Sam Mule Brace left the band and was replaced by Andy Slim Black who made his debut with the band at South by South West in Texas, in the autumn of 2013, the band expanded to a six piece by adding Dave Neale on drums. This six piece line up toured Britain and Germany in the autumn of 2013 before going into the studio to record the second album. Skinny Listers second album was recorded at Rockfield Studios in December 2013 and was released on 20 April 2015 and it was produced by Ted Hutt. The band began 2014 with a tour of the USA supporting Dropkick Murphys and they then toured the USA and played a number of UK festivals during the summer. Drummer Dave Neal left to concentrate on another project and suggested his replacement Thom Mills, Thom made his debut on the Boy George Tour, but Dave chose the last night of that tour as his final gig with the band. He now works as a yoga teacher and he was replaced by his predecessor in the band, Sam Mule Brace. During October 2014 the band played a tour of Japan. The first single from the album Trouble on Oxford Street is due to be released in January 2015, a video for the song was made available on 20 November 2014. In the autumn of 2015 Skinny Lister supported Frank Turner in the USA, in January 2016 they supported him in Germany
9.
Lady Gaga
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Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. She performed initially in theater, appearing in school plays. From there, Akon noticed her vocal abilities and helped her to sign a joint deal with Interscope Records and her debut album The Fame was a critical and commercial success that produced international chart-topping singles such as Just Dance and Poker Face. A follow-up EP, The Fame Monster, was met with a reception and Bad Romance, Telephone. Her second full-length album Born This Way was released in 2011, topping the charts in more than 20 countries, including the United States, the album produced the number-one single Born This Way. Her third album Artpop, released in 2013, topped the US charts, in 2014, Gaga released a collaborative jazz album with Tony Bennett titled Cheek to Cheek, which became her third consecutive number one in the United States. For her work in the television series American Horror Story, Hotel, with her fifth studio album Joanne, she became the first woman to have four US number one albums in the 2010s. In February 2017, Gaga headlined the Super Bowl LI halftime show which had an audience of over 150 million across various platforms worldwide. With global album and single sales of 27 million and 146 million respectively, as of January 2016 and her achievements include twelve Guinness World Records, three Brit Awards, and six Grammy Awards. She is also the first artist to win the Songwriters Hall of Fames Contemporary Icon Award, in 2013, Gaga finished second on Times readers poll of the most influential people of the past ten years, while in 2015, she was named Billboards Woman of the Year. Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta was born on March 28,1986 and she is the elder daughter of Cynthia Louise Cindy and Internet entrepreneur Joseph Joe Germanotta. Gaga has three Italian grandparents and one American grandparent, as well as French Canadian ancestry, Gagas sister Natali is a fashion student. From age 11, she attended the Convent of the Sacred Heart and she described her academic life in high school as very dedicated, very studious, very disciplined but also a bit insecure. I used to get made fun of for being too provocative or too eccentric. I didnt fit in, and I felt like a freak, in 2014, Gaga said she was raped at the age of 19. She stated, I went through some things that Im able to laugh now, because Ive gone through a lot of mental and physical therapy. Gaga later said that she suffers from posttraumatic stress disorder because of the rape, and that support from doctors, family, and friends really saved my life. Gaga began playing the piano at the age of four, wrote her first piano ballad at 13 and she performed lead roles in high school productions, including Adelaide in Guys and Dolls and Philia in A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum
10.
David Cross
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Cross was born in Atlanta, Georgia, the son of Barry and Susi, the former of whom emigrated from Leeds, England. Six months after his birth, Cross family moved to Florida, after additional moves to New York and Connecticut, the family settled back in Roswell, Georgia, where Cross remained for nearly a decade. Cross and his family were evicted from their home while living in Georgia and he spent some time living in motels and at friends homes while growing up. He has two sisters and once bailed his youngest sibling out of jail, at age 17, Cross began performing stand-up comedy. The day after he graduated from Northside High School in Atlanta, lacking a plan, he drifted, working briefly for a lawn care company on Long Island. Later, he enrolled at Emerson College in Boston and he would drop out after only a semester, but during his time there, Cross joined This is Pathetic, a college sketch group, where he met John Ennis. In the summer of 1985, the two aspiring actors took a trip to Los Angeles, although this did not significantly further their acting careers. In Boston, Cross began to perform more regularly. From the mid-1980s to the early 1990s, Boston had a comedy scene. He recalls that it was a loud-, dumb-, pandering-, racist-, in 1990, a new comedy scene began to emerge at the famous comedy club chain called Catch a Rising Star. Alongside Janeane Garofalo, Louis C. K. and other comics, Cross formed the sketch comedy group Cross Comedy with 12 other performers, and they put on a new show every week. They were known for playing tricks on the audience, such as introducing fake comics or planting fake hecklers, Cross became increasingly focused on his comedy work. Cross performed at the comedy club Un-Cabaret in Los Angeles. Cross also starred in the Joe Frank program Jam, produced in 1999 and has recently worked with Joe Frank on radio shows for KCRWs Unfictional. Cross stand-up comedy blends political commentary and satire, in 1999, he performed a one-hour comedy special, The Pride Is Back, on HBO. He has released three recordings, Shut Up You Fucking Baby and its Not Funny, and Bigger and Blackerer. Cross stand up material was featured in Comedy Centrals animated series Shorties Watchin Shorties, in 2004, Shut Up You Fucking Baby. was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album. In 2003, he released his first tour film Let America Laugh and was named #85 on Comedy Centrals list of the 100 greatest stand-ups of all time and he appears on Un-Cabaret compilation albums, including Freak Weather Feels Different and The Good, the Bad and the Drugly
11.
Bombay Bicycle Club
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Bombay Bicycle Club are an English indie rock band from Crouch End, London, consisting of Jack Steadman, Jamie MacColl, Suren de Saram and Ed Nash. They are guitar-fronted and have experimented with different genres, including folk, electronica, world music, the band were given the opening slot on 2006s V Festival after winning a competition. They subsequently released two EPs and their debut single Evening/Morning, since then, the band has released four albums including So Long, See You Tomorrow which topped the album charts in February 2014. The band has toured worldwide as an act, playing North America, Australia, Europe. Their 2014 tour finished on 13 December at Earls Court Arena, Pink Floyd member David Gilmour played with the band on their song Rinse Me Down before a performance of Pink Floyds Wish You Were Here. In January 2016, the four announced that they would pursue solo projects. They switched between various aliases until they picked Bombay Bicycle Club, named after a chain of Indian restaurants in Britain, the line-up changed regularly until summer 2006, when Ed Nash, joined the band after they met him at a funeral. Initially they played gigs at small London venues such as The Old Blue Last, Lark in the Park, the band was entered into Virgin Mobiles Road to V competition on Channel 4 in 2006. Previous participants include The Young Knives, who were winners of the competition one year before. They were given the slot of the 2006 V Festival, playing on the Channel 4 Stage in Chelmsford on 19 August. On 16 May 2007, NME published an article naming Bombay Bicycle Club. the hottest band to come from North London for quite some time, Bombay Bicycle Club released their debut EP, The Boy I Used to Be, on 12 February 2007. The band released it on their own independent record label, Mmm, the EP was produced by Jim Abbiss at his own personal request, and was recorded and mixed by Ewan Davies at Lincolnshires Chapel Studios. To support the release of the EP they played a show at the Dingwalls in Camden as well as supporting fellow Road to V winners The Young Knives across some of their UK Tour. The band also played the Carling Stage at Reading and Leeds Festivals in 2007, the bands second EP, How We Are, was released on 22 October 2007, again through Mmm. It was produced by Jim Abbiss, and recorded and mixed by Richard Wilkinson at Konk Studios, the band headlined their first UK tour in support of this release and the EP debuted at number 2 on the UK Indie Singles Chart of 5 November 2007. At the beginning of 2008, Bombay Bicycle Club appeared at the third annual Artrocker Festival, the Camden Crawl, the band also played the Shockwaves NME Awards Show at Londons KOKO where they were main support for The Hold Steady. The band also headlined the first Club NME in Paris at La Fleche Dor venue, the bands first single, Evening/Morning, was released on 4 August 2008 through Young and Lost Club. The single was produced by Jim Abbiss and was recorded and mixed by Richard Wilkinson at The Garden, in September 2008, Bombay Bicycle Club took part in the Levis Ones to Watch 5 Night Revue at The Macbeth in London
12.
Jukebox
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A jukebox is a partially automated music-playing device, usually a coin-operated machine, that will play a patrons selection from self-contained media. The classic jukebox has buttons with letters and numbers on them that, coin-operated music boxes and player pianos were the first forms of automated coin-operated musical devices. These instruments used paper rolls, metal disks, or metal cylinders to play a selection on the instrument, or instruments. In the 1890s these devices were joined by machines which used actual recordings instead of physical instruments, in 1890, Louis Glass and William S. The music was heard via one of four listening tubes, Some machines even contained carousels and other mechanisms for playing multiple records. Most machines were capable of holding only one selection, the automation coming from the ability to play that one selection at will. In 1928, Justus P. Seeburg, who was manufacturing player pianos, combined an electrostatic loudspeaker with a player that was coin-operated. This Audiophone machine was wide and bulky, and had eight separate turntables mounted on a rotating Ferris wheel-like device, later versions of the jukebox included Seeburgs Selectophone, with 10 turntables mounted vertically on a spindle. By maneuvering the tone arm up and down, the customer could select from 10 different records, greater levels of automation were gradually introduced. As electrical recording and amplification improved there was increased demand for coin-operated phonographs, as it applies to the use of a jukebox, the terms juking and juker are the correct expressions. Song-popularity counters told the owner of the machine the number of each record was played, with the result that popular records remained. Wallboxes were an important, and profitable, part of any jukebox installation, serving as a remote control, they enabled patrons to select tunes from their table or booth. One example is the Seeburg 3W1, introduced in 1949 as companion to the 100-selection Model M100A jukebox, stereo sound became popular in the early 1960s, and wallboxes of the era were designed with built-in speakers to provide patrons a sample of this latest technology. Initially playing music recorded on wax cylinders, the shellac 78 rpm record dominated jukeboxes in the part of the 20th century. C. D. s, and videos on DVDs were all introduced and used in the last decades of the century, MP3 downloads, and Internet-connected media players came in at the start of the 21st century. The jukeboxs history has followed the wave of technological improvements in music reproduction and distribution, Jukeboxes were most popular from the 1940s through the mid-1960s, particularly during the 1950s. By the middle of the 1940s, three-quarters of the records produced in America went into jukeboxes, while often associated with early rock and roll music, their popularity extends back much earlier, including classical music, opera and the swing music era. In 1977, The Kinks recorded a song called Jukebox Music for their album Sleepwalker, styling progressed from the plain wooden boxes in the early thirties to beautiful light shows with marbelized plastic and color animation in the Wurlitzer 850 Peacock of 1941
13.
DJ
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A disc jockey is a person who mixes different sources of pre-existing recorded music as it is playing, usually for a live audience in a nightclub or dance club or via broadcasting. DJs typically perform for an audience in a nightclub or dance club or a TV, radio broadcast audience, or in the 2010s. DJs also create mixes, remixes and tracks that are recorded for later sale, in hip hop music, DJs may create beats, using percussion breaks, basslines and other musical content sampled from pre-existing records. In hip hop, rappers and MCs use these beats to rap over, DJs use equipment that can play at least two sources of recorded music simultaneously and mix them together. This allows the DJ to create seamless transitions between recordings and develop unique mixes of songs, DJ equipment, notably the specialized DJ mixer, a small audio mixer with a crossfader and cue functions. The crossfader enables the DJ to blend or transition from one song to another, the cue knobs or switches allow the DJ to preview a source of recorded music in headphones before playing it for the live club or broadcast audience. Previewing the music in headphones helps the DJ pick the track they want to play. DJs may also use a microphone to speak to the audience, effects such as reverb to create sound effects, drum machines. The title DJ is also used by DJs in front of their real names or adopted pseudonyms or stage names as a title to denote their profession. Some DJs focus on creating a mix of songs for the club dancers or radio audience. Other DJs use turntablism techniques such as scratching, in which the DJ or turntablist manipulates the record player turntable to create new sounds. In many types of DJing, including club DJing and radio/TV DJing, there are several types of disc jockey. Radio DJs or radio personalities introduce and play music that is broadcast on AM, FM, club DJs select and play music in bars, nightclubs or discothèques, or at parties, raves, or even in stadiums. Mobile DJs travel with portable sound systems and play recorded music at a variety of events. Some mobile DJs also serve as the master of ceremonies at weddings or other events, directing the attention of attendees, there are also many competitions for DJs that specialize in different turntablism techniques, such as mixing, hip hop music-style scratching or other kinds of techniques. Other types of DJ use musical performance techniques that allow them to be categorized as performing musicians, hip hop DJs and are also often songwriters or music producers who use turntablism and sampling to create backing instrumentals for new tracks. In reggae, the DJ is a vocalist who raps, toasts, chants or chats over pre-recorded rhythm tracks, the individual who helps the DJ by selecting tracks or records to be played is called the selector. Many electronica artists and producers who work as DJs often perform music by combining turntablism with keyboards, digital musical instruments
14.
Playboy
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Playboy is an American mens lifestyle and entertainment magazine. It was founded in Chicago in 1953, by Hugh Hefner and his associates, with a presence in nearly every medium. In addition to the magazine in the United States, special nation-specific versions of Playboy are published worldwide. The magazine has a history of publishing short stories by notable novelists such as Arthur C. Clarke, Ian Fleming, Vladimir Nabokov, Saul Bellow, Chuck Palahniuk, P. G. Wodehouse, Haruki Murakami, the magazine generally reflects a liberal editorial stance, although it often interviews conservative celebrities. After a year-long removal of most nude photos in Playboy magazine and he formed HMH Publishing Corporation, and recruited his friend Eldon Sellers to find investors. Hefner eventually raised just over $8,000, including from his brother and mother. However, the publisher of a mens adventure magazine, Stag, contacted Hefner. Hefner, his wife Millie, and Sellers met to seek a new name, considering Top Hat, Gentleman, Sir, Satyr, Pan, the first issue, in December 1953, was undated, as Hefner was unsure there would be a second. He produced it in his Hyde Park kitchen, the first centerfold was Marilyn Monroe, although the picture used originally was taken for a calendar rather than for Playboy. Hefner chose what he deemed the sexiest image, a previously unused nude study of Marilyn stretched with an arm on a red velvet background with closed eyes. The heavy promotion centered around Marilyns nudity on the calendar, together with the teasers in marketing. The first issue sold out in weeks, copies of the first issue in mint to near mint condition sold for over $5,000 in 2002. The novel Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, was serialized in the March, April, an urban legend started about Hefner and the Playmate of the Month because of markings on the front covers of the magazine. From 1955 to 1979, the P in Playboy had stars printed in or around the letter. The legend stated that this was either a rating that Hefner gave to the Playmate according to how attractive she was, the stars, between zero and 12, actually indicated the domestic or international advertising region for that printing. From 1966 to 1976, Robie Macauley was the Fiction Editor at Playboy, P. Donleavy, as well as poetry by Yevgeny Yevtushenko. Macauley also contributed all of the popular Ribald Classics series published between January 1978 and March 1984, christie Hefner, daughter of the founder Hugh Hefner, joined Playboy in 1975 and became head of the company in 1988
15.
Hugh Hefner
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Hugh Marston Hefner is an American mens lifestyle magazine publisher, businessman, and a well-known playboy. Hefner is a native of Chicago, Illinois and a former journalist for Esquire and he is best known for being the founder and chief creative officer of Playboy Enterprises. A self-made multi-millionaire, his net worth is over $43 million due to his success as the founder of Playboy magazine, Hefner is also a political activist and philanthropist active in several causes and public issues. He is a World War II veteran, Hefner was born in Chicago, Illinois on April 9,1926. He is the first child of Grace Caroline and Glenn Lucius Hefner and he had a younger brother, Keith. Hefners mother was of Swedish descent, and his father had German, through his fathers line, Hefner has stated that he is a direct descendant of Plymouth governor William Bradford. He has described his family as conservative, Midwestern, Methodist and he attended Sayre Elementary School and Steinmetz High School, then during World War II, served as a writer for a military newspaper in the U. S. Army from 1944 to 1946. After graduation, he took a semester of courses in sociology at Northwestern University. While he was working as a copywriter for Esquire, Hefner left in January 1952 after being denied a $5 raise, the first issue, published in December 1953, featured Marilyn Monroe from her 1949 nude calendar shoot and sold over 50,000 copies. After the Charles Beaumont science fiction short story The Crooked Man was rejected by Esquire magazine in 1955, the story highlighted straight men being persecuted in a world where homosexuality was the norm. After the magazine received letters, Hefner wrote a response to criticism where he said, If it was wrong to persecute heterosexuals in a homosexual society then the reverse was wrong. In 1961, Hefner watched Dick Gregory perform at the Herman Roberts Show Bar in Chicago, based on that performance, Hefner hired Gregory to work at the Chicago Playboy Club, Gregory attributes the subsequent launch of his career to that night. On June 4,1963, Hefner was arrested for promoting obscene literature after an issue of Playboy featuring nude shots of Jayne Mansfield was released, the case went to trial and resulted in a hung jury. In the 1993 The Simpsons episode Krusty Gets Kancelled, Hefner guest-voiced himself, in 1999, Hefner financed the Clara Bow documentary, Discovering the It Girl. She defined an era and made her mark on the nation, Hefner guest-starred as himself in a 2006 episode of Seth Greens Robot Chicken on the late-night programming block Adult Swim. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for television and has several movie appearances as himself. In 2009, he received a worst supporting actor nomination for a Razzie award for his performance as himself in Miss March, on his official Twitter account he joked about this nomination, Maybe I didnt understand the character. A documentary by Brigitte Berman, Hugh Hefner, Playboy, Activist and he had previously granted full access to documentary filmmaker and television producer Kevin Burns for the A&E Biography special Hugh Hefner, American Playboy in 1996
16.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
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Atlantic Station
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This article describes the neighborhood in Atlanta, Georgia. For the Atlantic Avenue subway stations in New York City, see the list of New York City Subway stations, for the light-rail station in Newark, New Jersey, see Atlantic Street. Atlantic Station is a neighborhood on the edge of Midtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States comprising a retail district, office space, condominiums, townhomes. First planned in the mid-1990s and officially opened in 2005, the neighborhoods 138 acres are located on the brownfield site of the Atlantic Steel mill. Atlantic Station is located on the site of the Atlantic Steel mill, developer Jim Jacoby, who also redeveloped Floridas Marineland, began putting the project together in 1997 when his company became the property contractor of the land. The development was planned to include 15,000,000 square feet of retail, office. Its size encouraged the Postal Service to award the neighborhood its own ZIP code,30363, Atlantic Station was designed with energy efficiency in mind and many of the buildings are LEED certified. The proposed BeltLine transit/greenway project is expected to pass within a few miles of the development, in October 2003, the very first residents moved into the development. The 17th Street bridge was completed in January 2004 and the first round of retail establishments opened in October 2005, Atlantic Station received the EPAs 2004 Phoenix Award as the Best National Brownfield Redevelopment, as well as the Sierra Clubs 2005 Americas Best New Development Projects listing. In July 2005, a fire completely destroyed a large wood-frame residential building under construction. Two days later, it was ruled arson after a major investigation, at least five million dollars of damage was done to the buildings,18 cars parked on the street were destroyed and another 7 were seriously damaged from the intense heat. In a joint venture, North American Properties Atlanta, founded by Mark Toro, Toro and the NAP management launched a social media blitz, attended community meetings and real estate symposiums to openly discuss challenges, such as crime, and invite feedback. Toros vision to transform Atlantic Station included new retail, new restaurants, better parking, on October 1,2015, Atlantic Stations retail core was officially sold to Hines Interest Limited Partnership with an unnamed joint financial partner. Atlantic Station comprises three areas that are lined along 17th Street between the Downtown Connector and Northside Drive, the District, the Commons, and the Village. The District is where most of Atlantic Stations retail and office space is located, opened on October 21,2005, it was constructed in the style of an outdoor mall, with choices of shopping, dining, and a 16-screen Regal movie theater. Above the retail levels is a two to three stories of condominiums. With the 7, 200-space parking garage underneath, the area is pedestrian-friendly. The southwest corner of The District is home to the 26-story, 336-foot TWELVE Hotel and Residences Atlantic Station, in addition, townhomes constructed in 2004 line 16th Street one block south of The District
18.
AmericasMart
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AmericasMart Atlanta is a wholesale trade center located in Downtown Atlanta, Georgia. The exhibition center is one of the largest permanent wholesale trade centers in the world, AmericasMart Atlanta consists of four buildings totaling seven million square feet. Trade show exhibitors rent permanent showrooms as well as temporary booths during trade shows, some permanent showrooms are open daily, though many are open only part of the time or during trade shows. AmericasMart Atlanta is not open to the public and only employees, america’s Mart Atlanta consists of four buildings, Building One, Building Two, Building Two WestWing, and Building Three. The Mart’s main address is 240 Peachtree Street NW, Suite 2200, buildings Two and Three are located on Spring Street and Building Two WestWing is located on Williams Street. 24 pedestrian bridges connect the different buildings of the Mart for indoor access between buildings, a local architect of Atlanta, John C. The Mart opened in 1957, and Portman has held positions of leadership since the founding. These include chairman of the board, chief officer. John Portman’s son, Jeffery Portman serves as the President of AMC, AMC is the trading organization which is the parent company of AmericasMart Atlanta. In 1996 Jeffery Portman renamed the trading center AmericasMart, as before it was known as the Atlanta Market Center and he has worked to expand the Mart since his presidency, and is responsible for the Building Two WestWing, which opened in 2009 and is the newest addition. The mart is a place to buy products and it is expected that the products the buyers purchase at the mart are then resold in their businesses. Therefore the mart is closed to the public, buyers must register their businesses with the Mart and are required to check in upon arrival. A business must visit the Mart with a regularity or forfeit its membership. A company may bring employees and guests to assist with purchasing decisions, AmericasMart sponsors several trade shows each year. Atlanta Apparel The Atlanta Apparel show is focused on selling clothing, shoes, major Shows occur in January and July, Smaller Shows occur in March and September. Atlanta International Area Rug Market The Atlanta International Area Rug Market offers area rugs at wholesale cost, Atlanta Immediate Delivery Show The Atlanta Immediate Delivery Show of is a cash and carry event at which exhibitors offer merchandise for sale and immediate delivery at the event
19.
Olympia Building
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The Olympia Building is a landmark at the absolute center of Atlanta, Five Points in Downtown Atlanta. It was built between 1935 and 1936, architects Ivey and Crook, since 2003 a flashing Coca-Cola sign has stood on top of the building, the space for which Coke pays $8,641 a month in rent. As of September 2012 the building was owned by the State of Georgia and was for sale, a complex rehabilitation of the building, beginning in 2015, includes the removal of all non-historic elements, of which there were many. This left only the buildings terra cotta and marble facade and portions of its foundation, the iconic metal canopy will be reconstructed from historic images. The building currently houses a two-story Walgreens
20.
Lenox Square
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Lenox Square is an upscale enclosed super regional shopping mall located in the Buckhead district of Atlanta, Georgia. Lenox Square comprises more than 1,545,000 square feet of space, with 250 stores on four levels. The mall is home to three stores, Macys, Bloomingdales, and Neiman Marcus. The mall is owned by Simon Property Group and has been owned by the Indianapolis-based developer since 1998, Lenox Square opened to the public on August 3,1959. Originally, it operated as a shopping center, much like a typical lifestyle center. The malls original anchors were Richs and Davisons, two of the most famous and acclaimed department stores in the area, as well as grocery chain Colonial Stores, the mall originally opened with 60 stores. Over the next few decades, the mall underwent four expansions, the most recent renovation included the expansion of the Neiman Marcus store by 52,000 square feet and the addition of 36,000 square feet of new retail space. Lenox Square houses several upscale stores that do not have other locations within several hundred miles of Atlanta, Lenox Square also has the largest Pottery Barn in their chain as well as one of the largest Forever 21 stores in the Southeastern United States. Lenox Square was developed by Ed Noble, a developer from Kansas City, Missouri, whose company, Noble Properties. Groundbreaking for the center occurred in July 1957, and it was completed on June 29,1958. The public opening ceremony for Lenox Square was held on August 3,1959, initially containing 800,000 square feet of retail, the shopping mall was situated on three levels, Mall. It was anchored by Richs, Davisons, and a Colonial Stores supermarket, there were 52 original tenants, including a bowling alley, indoor golf driving range, and a Kresge five and dime store. The Mall Level concourse featured several statues depicting Uncle Remus characters, such as Brer Fox, Brer Frog, a movie theater opened on the Market Level in June 1963. Within its first few years of its existence, Lenox Square would be a part of major events in the city. It is the point in the annual Peachtree Road Race. Davisons, owned by Macys since 1924, was rebranded as Macys in 1986, in 2000, the celebration of the Richs Great Tree moved to the flagship store from Underground Atlanta, after having been held downtown for decades. In 1991, Richs relocated their store to Lenox Square from downtown Atlanta. In 2003, Federated Department Stores began integrating the Macys name with their other regional department store brands, following the news, the Lenox Macys location closed and the building was renovated extensively to house the first Bloomingdales in the South, which opened in October 2003
21.
Mary Mac's Tea Room
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Mary Macs Tea Room is a historic restaurant in Atlanta, Georgia, serving Southern cuisine. Every morning the workers shuck bushels of corn, hand wash selected greens, breads and desserts are baked on the premises. The restaurant is located in the Midtown district at 224 Ponce de Leon Avenue NE, the current owner is John Ferrell. Mary MacKenzie opened the restaurant in 1945, just after World War II, enterprising women in search of a living, many of them widowed by the war, were establishing restaurants throughout Atlanta. Calling their establishments tea rooms was a way of elevating their endeavor. The restaurant is known for continuing the traditions of MacKenzie and her successor, Margaret Lupo. Mary Macs serves classic Southern cuisine, famous entrees at Mary Macs include, fried chicken dredged in buttermilk and flour, country-fried steak, and chicken pan pie topped with thick giblet gravy. Also popular is the fresh vegetables, and corn bread with pot likker. Sides dishes offered include, black-eyed peas, fried tomatoes, whipped potatoes, fried okra, macaroni and cheese. Corn and yeast rolls are served with lunch, desserts include peach cobbler and banana pudding. Culture of Atlanta Tourism in Atlanta Mary Macs Tea Room Website
22.
Phipps Plaza
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Phipps Plaza is a shopping mall located in the affluent Buckhead district of Atlanta. Anchored by Saks Fifth Avenue, Nordstrom, and Belk, the mall boasts a variety of luxury retailers within its tenant roster, which include Gucci, Tiffany & Co. Bally, Hugo Boss, Giorgio Armani, Omega, Rebecca Taylor, Giuseppe Zanotti, Herve Leger, Trina Turk, Ghurka, Versace, Valentino, Elie Tahari, Nicole Miller, bennett, Vince, Agent Provocateur, Hublot, Tory Burch, and Bottega Veneta. It is adjacent to the Phipps Tower office building, in 1969, Phipps Plaza opened as the first multi-level mall in Atlanta, aiming to become the Souths leading luxury shopping destination. The mall originally opened with two levels, purchased by financier Ogden Phipps in 1966 for less than $600,000, the development was sold in 1992 to Simon Properties for $488 million. The expansion would add a 14 screen AMC theatre, a new food court, new elevators. Phipps Plaza remains Atlantas only Saks Fifth Avenue venue, lord & Taylor would close their Phipps Plaza location in 2004 citing a weak and competitive regional marketplace. The store served as one of the anchors for 35 years. The space was completely renovated to make way for Atlantas third Nordstrom. On August 2,2006, it was announced that Belk was acquiring the Parisian chain of department stores, the Belk store at Phipps Plaza has now been designated by Belk as one of four of their flagship stores and sells the companys signature couture. In February 2011, Merlin Entertainments announced that it would construct a Legoland Discovery Center at the mall, the $12 million facility, based on the Lego building toys, began construction in July 2011 and opened in March 2012
23.
Ponce City Market
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Ponce City Market is a mixed-use development located in a historic building in Atlanta, with national and local retail anchors, restaurants, a food hall, boutiques and offices, and residential units. It is located where the BeltLine crosses Ponce de Leon Avenue in the Old Fourth Ward where that neighborhood touches the Virginia Highland, Poncey-Highland and Midtown neighborhoods. The 2,100, 000-square-foot building, one of the largest by volume in the Southeast United States, was used by Sears, Roebuck and Co. from 1926–1987, the buildings lot covers 16 acres. It officially opened on August 25,2014 and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. The complex contains offices, apartments, a food hall, retail stores, educational facilities. Larger retail stores include Anthropologie, Citizen Supply, J. Crew, Williams-Sonoma, Ponce City Market states that its food hall is similar to the famous Chelsea Market, New York City, also owned by Jamestown. James Beard-awarded chefs with presence in the hall include Anne Quatrano of Star Provisions, Linton Hopkins of Restaurant Eugene. The building was built on the site of Ponce de Leon Springs, from 1926 to 1979, it was a Sears, Roebuck and Co. retail store, warehouse and regional office. F. D. ”. Stood for the club Radio Farmers Democracy, in May 1990, the city of Atlanta bought the building for $12 million, with plans to place 2,000 police and fire employees there, and later rent space out to county, state, and federal agencies. The city subsequently moved the offices of its police department. A city-funded art gallery was established on the first floor. From 1995 to 1999, the Southeastern Flower Show was held here, the building was closed to the public on March 29,2010. The City sold the property for $27 million to Jamestown, a private-equity group, alongside Pike Place in Seattle, the Ferry Building in San Francisco, and Jamestowns own Chelsea Market in New York City. Jamestown also plans rooftop gardens where local restaurants can grow food, Jamestown planned to complete renovations by early 2015 and then have the building added to the National Register of Historic Places. Official website Official virtual tour website Old pictures of the Sears building Largest Building in the South Opens on Ponce de Leon Avenue This Day in History series, PBA Online, orig. Broadcast August 2,2011 Jerry R. Hancock, Jr. Dixie Progress, Sears, Roebuck & Co
24.
Underground Atlanta
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Underground Atlanta is a shopping and entertainment district in the Five Points neighborhood of downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States, near the Five Points MARTA station. First opened in 1969, it takes advantage of the viaducts built over the many railroad tracks to accommodate later automobile traffic. Each level has two halls, still called Upper and Lower Alabama and Pryor Streets. In 1869, the Georgia Railroad freight depot was constructed to replace the one destroyed by Shermans troops in 1864, the depot, which stands at the entrance of Underground Atlanta, remains the oldest building in downtown Atlanta. However, the depot was originally three stories tall but the second and third story were destroyed by fire, besides the train station, the bustling district included hotels, banks, law offices, and saloons. By 1910, several iron bridges had been built to cross the tracks at Union Street. At the suggestion of Atlanta architect Haralson Bleckley, the bridges were rebuilt in concrete, eventually, Bleckley envisioned public plazas between the bridges, but only one, Plaza Park, was ever built. One of the first mentions of the area is in the lines of Bessie Smiths 1927 Preachin The Blues which documents its importance as an entertainment district. For the next forty years, as Atlanta continued to grow at street level, Underground Atlanta, Inc. was incorporated May 2,1967 and began acquiring options to lease buildings under Central Ave, Pryor, Whitehall, Hunter, Alabama, and Wall Street viaducts. Fuller and Paterson purchased all the stock in October 1967. A constitutional amendment was passed in Georgia naming the area a historic site, on April 8,1969, Underground Atlanta officially opened with new restaurants, bars, nightclubs, and music venues installed in the old individual storefronts. At the time, Fulton County was the county in the state of Georgia that permitted mixed alcoholic beverages to be served, provided that men wore coats. As a result, Underground Atlanta quickly became the center of downtown Atlanta nightlife, feelgood and the Interns, played from 1969 to 1979. Other attractions included a shop owned by governor Lester Maddox. With the old-style architecture lending considerable charm to the district, Underground Atlanta was compared to Bourbon Street in New Orleans, by 1972, its most profitable year, Underground had 3.5 million visitors and $17 million in sales. The heyday of Underground Atlanta lasted for half a decade. When neighboring DeKalb County relaxed their restrictions on alcohol consumption in the early 1970s, new bars sprouted up in parts of the city. The dress code restrictions were dropped and fights began to break out, the construction of the MARTA East Line beginning in 1975 tore out several blocks of clubs and eliminated parking
