1.
TransLink (British Columbia)
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TransLink is the statutory authority responsible for the regional transportation network of Metro Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada, including public transport, major roads and bridges. Its main operating facilities are located in the city of New Westminster, TransLink is responsible for various modes of transportation in the Metro Vancouver region as well as the West Coast Express, which extends into the Fraser Valley Regional District. On November 29,2007, the province of British Columbia approved legislation changing the governance structure, buses in Metro Vancouver are operated by two companies. The District Municipality of West Vancouver operates the Blue Bus system serving West Vancouver, the schedules, fares, and routes of these services are integrated with other transit services operated by TransLink. Outside the city of Vancouver, most buses operate on a system along feeder routes that connect with SkyTrain, SeaBus, West Coast Express. Electric trolley buses operate on routes in the city of Vancouver. Most trolley bus routes operate in a north–south direction, trolley buses receive electricity from a network of overhead wires. In the fall of 2006, TransLink introduced a new generation of electric trolley buses, the new trolley buses have low floors and are fully wheelchair accessible. Many local routes are served by buses manufactured by New Flyer, TransLink has begun using hybrid diesel-electric buses. Some suburban routes use Orion highway coaches with high-back seats, overhead reading lights, in 2007, all TransLink buses became designated fare paid zones. Under this system, a rider is required to be in possession of a valid fare while on board the bus, enforcement of fares is conducted by Transit Security officers. On designated routes, such as the 99 B-Line, larger,18. 3-metre, as they are bypassing the driver and fare box, they must have a valid fare in their possession. On all other buses, passengers are required to board through the front doors, Fare inspections on buses are normally conducted by Transit Security officers and on occasion by the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service. Failure to produce proof of payment may result in ejection from the bus and/or a fine of $173, TransLink also operates a late-night bus service, called NightBus, on 13 routes extending from downtown throughout the city and to several suburbs. NightBuses leave downtown Vancouver until 3 a. m, for the safety of passengers late at night, Transit Security officers ride some of the night buses and respond to calls onboard others. These buses are popular since SkyTrain ends service at 1,30 a. m. but downtown clubs, the first SkyTrain line, which later became known as the Expo Line, was built in 1985 as a transit showcase for Expo 86. The automated rapid transit system has become an important part of the transportation network. The Expo Line operates from downtown Vancouver to southern Burnaby, New Westminster, the system was expanded with the opening of the Millennium Line in 2002, which links eastern New Westminster and northern Burnaby to Vancouver
2.
New Westminster
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New Westminster is a historically important city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and is a member municipality of the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Before the settlers arrived from various parts of the world, the now known as New Westminster was inhabited by Qayqayt First Nation. The discovery of gold in B. C. and the arrival of gold seekers from the south prompted fear amongst the settlers that Americans may invade to take over this land. Subsequent to the enactment of the Pre-emption Act of 1860, Moody settled the Lower Mainland and selected the site and founded the new capital, everything is large and magnificent, worthy of the entrance to the Queen of England’s dominions on the Pacific mainland. My imagination converted the silent marshes into Cuyp-like pictures of horses, the water of the deep clear Frazer was of a glassy stillness, not a ripple before us, except when a fish rose to the surface or broods of wild ducks fluttered away. It was suggested by Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment that the site be proclaimed Queensborough, Governor James Douglas proclaimed the new capital with this name on February 14,1859. From this naming by the Queen, the City gained its official nickname, a year later New Westminster became the first City in British Columbia to be incorporated and have an elected municipal government. It became an outfitting point for prospectors coming to the Fraser Gold Rush, as all travel to the goldfield ports of Yale. Moreover, to pay for the expense of building roads into the Interior of the colony, in 1866, the colony of British Columbia and the colony of Vancouver Island were united as British Columbia. Cox then popped the lenses of Franklyns glasses from their frames so that the Nanaimo representative could see nothing at all of his speech, the subsequent vote was 13 to 8 against New Westminster. A smallpox epidemic devastated the New Westminster Band, reducing the members from about 400 people to under 100. Many of the remaining Qayqayt were assimilated into other local reserves and their reserve on Poplar Island was turned into an Aboriginal smallpox victim quarantine area. For decades, the Poplar Island reserve was designated as belonging to all coast tribes, in 1913 the federal government seized most of the New Westminster Bands reserve lands. In 1916 the remaining land on Poplar Island was turned over to the BC government, eighteen years earlier, in 1898, a devastating fire destroyed downtown New Westminster. In 1991, the New Westminster Armoury was recognized as a Federal Heritage building on the Register of the Government of Canada Heritage Buildings, New Westminster is located on the Burrard Peninsula, on the north bank of the Fraser River. It is 19 kilometres southeast of the City of Vancouver proper, adjacent to Burnaby and Coquitlam, a portion of New Westminster called Queensborough is located on the eastern tip of Lulu Island, adjacent to Richmond. The total land area is 15.3 square kilometres, New Westminster has changed markedly over time and by the results of its incorporation into the wider urbanization of the Lower Mainland. In 1878, the Government of Canada opened the British Columbia Penitentiary, BC Pen, or simply the Pen, as it was known, was located between the Sapperton neighbourhood and what is now Queens Park
3.
Metro Vancouver Regional District
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Metro Vancouver is a political body and corporate entity designated by provincial legislation as one of the regional districts in British Columbia, Canada. Now officially known by the name of the Metro Vancouver Regional District. Further, it was known as the Regional District of Fraser–Burrard for nearly one year upon originally incorporating in mid-1967, the MVRD is under the direction of 23 local authorities, it delivers regional services, sets policy and acts as a political forum. The regional districts most populous city is Vancouver, and Metro Vancouvers administrative offices are located in the City of Burnaby, the MVRDs boundaries match those of the Vancouver census metropolitan area as identified by Statistics Canada. The Greater Vancouver Water District and the Greater Vancouver Sewerage and Drainage District were established in 1924 and 1956 respectively, the Government of British Columbia incorporated a regional district for this western portion of the Lower Mainland named the Regional District of Fraser-Burrard on June 29,1967. Just under a later, the regional district was renamed as the Greater Vancouver Regional District on June 13,1968. In 2007, the GVRD applied to change its legal name a second time to simply Metro Vancouver. The regional district was formally renamed a second time by the Government of British Columbia on January 30,2017 to the Metro Vancouver Regional District. The Metro Vancouver Regional District is located east of the Strait of Georgia, the boundaries of the MVRD match those of the Vancouver CMA. 5% from its revised 2011 population of 2,313,328. This regional district comprises 23 local authorities as members,21 municipalities, one electoral area, note, Abbotsford is a member for parks purposes only. Electoral Area A comprises all unincorporated land within the district boundaries. There are also seventeen Indian reserves within the area that are not subject to governance by local authorities or the regional district. Abbotsford also participates in the Metro Vancouver regional district, but only for parks purposes, each of these is governed by a board of directors. The board of the MVRD has 38 directors coming from the 23 local authorities who are MVRD members, each board director is an elected official of one of the local authorities, with the exception of the representative for Electoral Area A, which has no elected council. As of 2017, the organization had about 1,500 employees, the principal function of Metro Vancouver is to administer resources and services which are common across the metropolitan area. The Metro Vancouver Board has defined its strategic priorities for 2015 through 2018 in its Board Strategic Plan, the organization categorizes its work into eight action areas, as described in the following subsections. However, 84% of the budget is spent in three of those areas - the three utilities. Metro Vancouvers commitments and its members commitments to each area are outlined in eight board-approved management plans as referenced below
4.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
5.
Transit bus
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A transit bus is a type of bus used on shorter-distance public transport bus services. Several configurations are used, including Low-floor buses, high-floor buses, double-decker buses and these are distinct from all-seated coaches used for longer distance journeys and smaller minibuses, which are typically used for paratransit services. Some industry members and commentators promote the idea of making the interior of a bus as inviting as a private car. Due to the local authority use, transit buses are built to a third-party specification put to the manufacturer by the authority. Early examples of such include the Greater Manchester Leyland Atlantean. New transit buses may be purchased each time a route/area is contracted, the operating area of a transit bus may also be defined as a geographic metropolitan area, with the buses used outside of this area being more varied with buses purchased with other factors in mind. Some regional-size operators for capital cost reasons may use transit buses interchangeably on short urban routes as well as longer routes, sometimes up to 2 or 3 hours. Often transit bus operators have a selection of dual-purpose fitted buses, sometimes transit buses may also be used as express buses on a limited-stopping or non-stop service at peak times, but over the same distance as the regular route. For rear doors, most buses have doors opened by the controls or patron. Most doors will signify that they are unlocked and open with lights, transit buses can be single-decker, double-decker, rigid or articulated. Depending on local policies, transit buses will usually have two, three or four doors to facilitate rapid boarding and alighting. In cases of low-demand routes, or to small local streets, some models of minibus. Due to their public role, transit buses were the first type of bus to benefit from low-floor technology. Transit buses are now subject to various disability discrimination acts in several jurisdictions which dictate various design features also applied to other vehicles in some cases. Fare collection is also seeing a shift to off-bus payment, with either the driver or an inspector verifying fare payments
6.
Express bus service
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An express bus service is a bus service that is intended to run faster than normal bus services between the same two commuter or destination points. Express buses operate on a schedule by not making as many stops as normal bus services and often taking quicker routes. They may also operate out of park and rides only during rush hour in direction or operate as all-day service. The fare on a bus service may be higher than normal parallel services. Many express buses require passengers to purchase tickets before boarding the bus, in many cases, an express bus service is identified by a letter before or after the regular route number. For example, in Sydney, the letters L, E and X. L indicates that the bus runs along the normal route, while E and X indicate that the bus runs along a more direct route. Examples of commuter services would be the Indy Express Bus, which links the communities of Carmel and Fishers to Indianapolis. An example of an interstate express serive is the Starlight Express, a more specialized service is the 351 Meadowlands Express which ferries fans to the Meadowlands Sports Complex from the Port Authority Bus Terminal in midtown Manhattan
7.
Trolleybus
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A trolleybus is an electric bus that draws power from overhead wires using spring-loaded trolley poles. Two wires and poles are required to complete the electrical circuit and this differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole. They are also distinct from other kinds of buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current, but there have been, currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently, the trolleybus dates back to 29 April 1882, when Dr. Ernst Werner Siemens demonstrated his Elektromote in a Berlin suburb. This experiment continued until 13 June 1882, after there were few developments in Europe. In 1899, another vehicle which could run either on or off rails was demonstrated in Berlin, routes followed in Eberswalde and Fontainebleau. Max Schiemann on 10 July 1901 opened the worlds fourth passenger-carrying trolleybus system, although this system operated only until 1904, Schiemann had developed what is now the standard trolleybus current collection system. In the early days there were a few methods of current collection. The Cédès-Stoll system was operated near Dresden between 1902 and 1904, and in Vienna, the Lloyd-Köhler or Bremen system was tried out in Bremen, and the Cantono Frigerio system was demonstrated near Milan. Throughout the period, trackless freight systems and electric canal boats were also built, Leeds and Bradford became the first cities to put trolleybuses into service in Great Britain on 20 June 1911. Apparently, though it was opened on 20 June, the public was not admitted to the Bradford route until the 24th, Bradford was also the last to operate trolleybuses in the UK, the system closing on 26 March 1972. The last rear-entrance trolleybus in Britain was also in Bradford and is now owned by the Bradford Trolleybus Association, birmingham was the first to replace a tram route with trolleybuses, while Wolverhampton, under the direction of Charles Owen Silvers, became world-famous for its trolleybus designs. There were 50 trolleybus systems in the UK, Londons being the largest, by the time trolleybuses arrived in Britain in 1911, the Schiemann system was well established and was the most common, although the Cédès-Stoll system was tried in West Ham and in Keighley. Smaller trackless trolley systems were built in the US early as well, the trackless trolley was often seen as an interim step, leading to streetcars. Buses and trolleybuses in particular were seen as entry systems that could later be upgraded to rail as appropriate, some trolleybus lines in the United States came into existence when a trolley or tram route did not have sufficient ridership to warrant track maintenance or reconstruction. In a similar manner, a proposed tram scheme in Leeds, worldwide, around 300 cities or metropolitan areas are served by trolleybuses today. See also Trolleybus usage by country, for example, new systems opened in Lecce, Italy, in 2012 and in Malatya, Turkey, in 2015
8.
Coach (bus)
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A coach is a type of vehicle used for conveying passengers on excursions and on longer-distance intercity—or even international—bus service. The term was applied to railway carriages in the 19th century, horse-drawn chariots and carriages were used by the wealthy and powerful where the roads were of a high enough standard from possibly 3000 BC. In Hungary, during the reign of King Matthias Corvinus in the 15th century and this cart of Kocs as the Hungarians called it soon became popular all over Europe. Stagecoaches were used for transport between cities from about 1500 in Great Britain until displaced by the arrival of the railways, one of the earliest motorised vehicles was the charabanc, which was used for short journeys and excursions until the early years of the 20th century. Coaches, as they hold passengers for significant periods of time on long journeys, are designed for comfort and they vary considerably in quality from country to country and within countries. Higher specification vehicles include luxury seats and air conditioning, coaches typically have only a single, narrow door, as an increased loading time is acceptable due to infrequent stops. Some characteristics include, Comfortable seats that may include a table, armrests. Comfort is considered to be an important feature in coaches, a minority of coaches are built with monocoque bodies without a chassis frame. Integrated manufacturers include Autosan, Scania, Fuso, and Alexander Dennis, major coachwork providers include Van Hool, Neoplan, Marcopolo, Irizar, MCI, Prevost, and Designline. A representative selection of vehicles currently in use in different parts of the world, a selection of vehicles in use in different parts of the world in the past. Pegaso Z-403 PD-4501 Scenicruiser GM Buffalo bus Anderson, R. C. A. and Frankis, history of Royal Blue Express Services. BBC Time Shift, The Modern Age of Coach Travel
9.
Midibus
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Midibuses are often designed to be lightweight to save on diesel fuel, making them not as durable as heavier full size buses. Some midibuses, such as the Scania OmniTown, are heavier, in some places such as Hong Kong, some bus routes have to be served by midibuses due to the winding roads along such routes. The term midibus is not in use in the United States, such smaller. For example, Muni in San Francisco operates both 30-foot and 40-foot versions of the Orion VII transit bus to serve routes that include some of the steeper and curvier hills, in charter / tour roles, there is indeed a gap between the minibus and the touring coach. Several shuttle bus companies such as Goshen Coaches and Crystal have manufactured rear-engined vehicles that have 30–35 seats and they are usually lumped together with their smaller minibus brethren and called minibus, or shuttle bus. The only other alternative was to import a short version of European touring coaches, known often as coaches, around 30 feet long. In the 2000s, some manufacturers introduced mid-sized bus models based on truck frames
10.
Water taxi
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A water taxi or a water bus, also known as a sightseeing boat, is a watercraft used to provide public or private transport, usually, but not always, in an urban environment. Service may be scheduled with stops, operating in a similar manner to a bus, or on demand to many locations. A boat service shuttling between two points would normally be described as a rather than a water bus or taxi. The term water taxi is usually confined to a boat operating on demand, in North American usage, the terms are roughly synonymous. The earliest water taxi service was recorded as operating around the area that became Manchester, on March 6,2004, a water taxi on the Seaport Taxi service operated by the Living Classrooms Foundation capsized during a storm on the Patapsco River, near Baltimores Inner Harbor. The company no longer operates water taxi vessels in Baltimore harbor
11.
Bus
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A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers, many types of buses, such as city transit buses and inter-city coaches, charge a fare. Other types, such as elementary or secondary school buses or shuttle buses within a post-secondary education campus do not charge a fare, in many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special licence above and beyond a regular drivers licence. Horse-drawn buses were used from the 1820s, followed by steam buses in the 1830s, the first internal combustion engine buses, or motor buses, were used in 1895. Recently, interest has been growing in hybrid electric buses, fuel cell buses, as of the 2010s, bus manufacturing is increasingly globalised, with the same designs appearing around the world. Bus is a form of the Latin word omnibus. The first horse-drawn omnibus service was started by a businessman named Stanislas Baudry in the French city of Nantes in 1823, Nantes citizens soon gave the nickname omnibus to the vehicle. The omnibus in Nantes was a success and Baudry moved to Paris, a similar service was introduced in London in 1829. The first mechanically propelled omnibus appeared on the streets of London on 22 April 1833, in parallel to the development of the bus was the invention of the electric trolleybus, typically fed through trolley poles by overhead wires. The Siemens brothers, William in England and Ernst Werner in Germany, sir William first proposed the idea in an article to the Journal of the Society of Arts in 1881 as an. arrangement by which an ordinary omnibus. The first such vehicle, the Electromote, was made by his brother Dr. Ernst Werner von Siemens and presented to the public in 1882 in Halensee, Germany. Although this experimental vehicle fulfilled all the criteria of a typical trolleybus. Max Schiemann opened a trolleybus in 1901 near Dresden, in Germany. Although this system operated only until 1904, Schiemann had developed what is now the standard trolleybus current collection system, in the early days, a few other methods of current collection were used. Leeds and Bradford became the first cities to put trolleybuses into service in Great Britain on 20 June 1911, in Siegerland, Germany, two passenger bus lines ran briefly, but unprofitably, in 1895 using a six-passenger motor carriage developed from the 1893 Benz Viktoria. Another commercial bus line using the same model Benz omnibuses ran for a time in 1898 in the rural area around Llandudno. Daimler also produced one of the earliest motor-bus models in 1898, the vehicle had a maximum speed of 18 kph and accommodated up to 20 passengers, in an enclosed area below and on an open-air platform above. With the success and popularity of bus, Daimler expanded production, selling more buses to companies in London and, in 1899, to Stockholm
12.
Lower Mainland
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The Lower Mainland is a name commonly applied to the region surrounding and including Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. As of 2016,2,832,000 people, lived in the region, islands contained within rivers in the region are considered to be part of the Lower Mainland. While the term Lower Mainland has been recorded from the earliest period of settlement in British Columbia. The region is the territory of the Sto, lo. There are two Regional Districts within the region, Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley Regional District, the region is bounded to the north by the Coast Mountains and to the southeast by the Cascade Mountains, and is traversed from east to west by the Fraser River. One of the mildest climates in Canada, the region has an annual temperature of 9 °C with a summer mean of 15 °C. Annual precipitation ranges from a mean of 850 mm in the west end to 2000 mm in the eastern end of the Fraser Valley. Maximum precipitation occurs as rain in winter, less than ten percent falls as snow at sea level but the amount of snowfall increases significantly with elevation. The population of the Lower Mainland was up 9.2 percent from the 2006 census and this is among the highest growth rates in the continent. Today, the Lower Mainland includes two Regional Districts, the Greater Vancouver Regional District and the Fraser Valley Regional District, both regional districts, however, include areas outside the traditional limits of the Lower Mainland, and the Fraser Valley as a term includes much of the GVRD. The Greater Vancouver Regional District is made up of 21 municipalities and it also includes many unincorporated areas in the Fraser Valley and along the west side of the Fraser Canyon. Regional district powers are limited and other localized provincial government services are delivered through other regionalization systems. The traditional territories of the Musqueam and Tsleilwaututh lie completely within the region and its claims overlap those of the Tsleil-waututh, Musqueam, and Kwikwetlem. Many other peoples of the Georgia Strait region also frequented the lower Fraser, including those from Vancouver Island and what is now Whatcom County, the Lower Mainland is considered to have a high vulnerability to flood risk. There have been two major floods, the largest in 1894 and the second largest in 1948, according to the Fraser Basin Council, scientists predict a one-in-three chance of a similar-sized flood occurring in the next 50 years. In the spring of 2007, the Lower Mainland was on alert for flooding. Higher than normal snow packs in the British Columbia Interior prompted municipal governments to start taking emergency measures in the region, dikes along the Fraser River are regulated to handle about 8.5 m at the Mission Gauge. Warmer than normal weather in the interior caused large amounts of snow to melt prematurely, resulting in higher than water levels
13.
BC Transit
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BC Transit is a provincial crown corporation responsible for coordinating the delivery of public transportation within British Columbia, Canada, outside Greater Vancouver. BC Transit is headquartered in Victoria, British Columbia, BC Transit is the successor to the British Columbia Electric Railway, which started in 1897 and in 1961 became a division of BC Hydro. In 1979, the province separated the transit authority into an agency called the Urban Transit Authority which was later restructured into BC Transit in 1983. BC Transit carries out overall planning and delivery for all of the different municipal transit systems in British Columbia, in 1999, responsibility for the management of transportation in Greater Vancouver, including public transit, was taken over by TransLink. In the future, TransLinks jurisdiction is planned to expand into adjacent regions east, the BC Electric Railway was incorporated in 1897 to take over the property and business of the Consolidated Railway Company. The Consolidated Railway Company had been formed the year, taking over ten other companies engaged in electric light systems or tramways in Vancouver, Victoria. Slowly the streetcars and interurban trams were converted to trolley and gas-powered buses, the province formed the British Columbia Hydro and Power Authority in 1962, bringing the transit systems under BC Hydro. The new structure was meant to provide governments with more decision-making power. BC Transit was created when, in 1982, the province merged the UTA, the GVRD no longer had a role, and regional transit commissions were created in Vancouver and Victoria. The new regional commissions were tasked with approving local tariffs, planning, in 1999, the responsibility for the transit system in Greater Vancouver was reassigned to TransLink. The rest of BC remained under BC Transit, the Victoria Regional Transit System, in the provincial capital of Victoria, is the only system operated by BC Transit itself. Beyond Victoria, there are regional transit systems, in four locations the municipality operates the service, while private operators are contracted to deliver the transit services elsewhere. There are 16 custom accessible transit systems, the tires of BC Transit are about 70% Michelin, 20% Goodyear, and 10% of other brands such as Bridgestone, and Firestone
14.
British Columbia
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British Columbia is the westernmost province of Canada, with a population of more than four million people located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. British Columbia is also a component of the Pacific Northwest and the Cascadia bioregion, along with the U. S. states of Idaho, Oregon, Washington and Alaska. The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria, established in 1843, subsequently, on the mainland, the Colony of British Columbia was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush. Port Moody is named after him, in 1866, Vancouver Island became part of the colony of British Columbia, and Victoria became the united colonys capital. In 1871, British Columbia became the province of Canada. Its Latin motto is Splendor sine occasu, the capital of British Columbia remains Victoria, the fifteenth-largest metropolitan region in Canada, named for the Queen who created the original European colonies. The largest city is Vancouver, the third-largest metropolitan area in Canada, the largest in Western Canada, in October 2013, British Columbia had an estimated population of 4,606,371. British Columbia evolved from British possessions that were established in what is now British Columbia by 1871, First Nations, the original inhabitants of the land, have a history of at least 10,000 years in the area. Today there are few treaties and the question of Aboriginal Title, notably, the Tsilhqotin Nation has established Aboriginal title to a portion of their territory, as a result of the recent Supreme Court of Canada decision. BCs economy is diverse, with service producing industries accounting for the largest portion of the provinces GDP and it is the endpoint of transcontinental railways, and the site of major Pacific ports that enable international trade. Though less than 5% of its vast 944,735 km2 land is arable and its climate encourages outdoor recreation and tourism, though its economic mainstay has long been resource extraction, principally logging, farming, and mining. Vancouver, the provinces largest city and metropolitan area, also serves as the headquarters of many western-based natural resource companies and it also benefits from a strong housing market and a per capita income well above the national average. The Northern Interior region has a climate with very cold winters. The climate of Vancouver is by far the mildest winter climate of the major Canadian cities, the provinces name was chosen by Queen Victoria, when the Colony of British Columbia, i. e. the Mainland, became a British colony in 1858. The current southern border of British Columbia was established by the 1846 Oregon Treaty, British Columbias land area is 944,735 square kilometres. British Columbias rugged coastline stretches for more than 27,000 kilometres and it is the only province in Canada that borders the Pacific Ocean. British Columbias capital is Victoria, located at the tip of Vancouver Island. Only a narrow strip of the Island, from Campbell River to Victoria, is significantly populated, much of the western part of Vancouver Island and the rest of the coast is covered by thick, tall and sometimes impenetrable temperate rainforest
15.
West Vancouver
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West Vancouver is a district municipality in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Together with the District of North Vancouver and City of North Vancouver, it is part of a regional grouping referred to as the North Shore municipalities. West Vancouver has a population of 42,694, Cypress Provincial Park, mostly located within the municipal boundaries, was one of the venues for the 2010 Winter Olympics. The Municipality of West Vancouver was incorporated on March 15,1912, the first municipal election was held on April 6,1912. In November 1938, the Lions Gate Bridge was opened to traffic, allowing extensive growth of the semi-populated community, previously only accessible by ferry. Some homes in West Vancouver date back to the 1920s and 30s, though most of the existing dwellings were built in the 1970s and 80s. 1792 Captain George Vancouver names Point Atkinson 1872 James Blake preempted the first 65 hectares of land 1875 First lighthouse at Point Atkinson 1898 Mr and their house still stands today at Ambleside and there is a Navvy Jack Point. 1912 Population was approximately 1,500 people 1912 First Municipal election 1912 Council appointed John Teare as the first police constable on May 17, the bridge cost a total of $6 million to build. It was financed by the Guinness family, in conjunction with the development,1947 Ferry service stopped due to lack of demand after bridge constructed 1950 West Vancouver Memorial Library opened on November 11. The library lends more books per capita than any other library in Canada 1950 Park Royal Shopping Centre, the Police Department remained in the Public 1973 Clyde McRae completes a world record walk across Canada on Ambleside Beach. 2013 Park Royal Shopping Center sees first major expansion since 1978 Safety building West Vancouver has no manufacturing industry by law, West Vancouver is mainly a residential district as many residents are retired, work at home, or take the short commute to downtown Vancouver. A 25-block strip of Marine Drive serves as a district, featuring shops, small offices, garages and gas stations, restaurants, banks. This area is known as Ambleside, with a one-block section separated from that area known as Dundarave. West Vancouver is also home to Park Royal Shopping Centre, Canadas first mall. Opened in the 1950s, it now consumes 2 km of both sides of Marine Drive near North Vancouver, and is home to department stores and large retailers. Park Royal is also the largest mall on the North Shore, Ambleside Park and the 15 block long West Vancouver Seawall are popular spots for families and outdoor enthusiasts. Whytecliff Park is regarded as one of the best scuba diving spots in Western Canada, West Vancouver has several public recreation facilities including an 18-hole par 3 golf course, a pool, an ice rink, basketball and tennis courts, skateboard parks and numerous public parks. The new West Vancouver Community Centre has been rebuilt and opened Spring 2009, West Vancouver is also home to Cypress Provincial Park with mountain biking trails and a large ski and snowboard facility, which served as one of the venues for the 2010 Winter Olympics
16.
West Vancouver Municipal Transit
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West Vancouver Blue Bus Transit system began in 1912, and is the oldest continuously operated, municipal system in North America. These buses are part of the TransLink network but continue to be owned and operated by the District Municipality of West Vancouver under a contract to TransLink, WVMT operates 10 routes using the distinctive blue buses. Failing to pay the fare or not having a valid fare while on board the bus could result in the passenger being fined $173 and/or removed from the bus, fare inspections are conducted by Transit Security Officers and members from the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service. General Motors TDH-4517 - Preserved Heritage Bus New Flyer Industries D60 - All retired and scrapped, Orion Bus Industries Orion I - All retired and scrapped. New Flyer Industries D40LF - 951-959, 961-968 retired,971, ex-Coast Mountain Bus Company 7198, replacing 964 New Flyer Industries D60LFR - Replacements for the 3 retired D60s. NovaBus LFS -981 sold to Prince Albert Transit in Saskatchewan, New Flyer Industries XD40 - First batch built in 2012 and are replacements for the 1995 New Flyer D40LF fleet. General Motors GMC C5500 Community Shuttles - Retired, chevrolet G4500 Community Shuttles All buses are wheelchair accessible. West Vancouver buses are numbered by the year and unit number. For example, bus number 951 would have produced in 1995. Exception to this are the bus and the Community Shuttles. West Vancouver, Public Blue Bus Transit TransLink
17.
SeaBus
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The SeaBus is a passenger-only ferry service in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It crosses Burrard Inlet to connect the cities of Vancouver and North Vancouver, owned by TransLink and operated by the Coast Mountain Bus Company, the SeaBus forms an important part of the regions integrated public transportation system. The SeaBus fleet currently consists of four vessels, the ferries operate between approximately 6,00 am and 1,00 am from Monday to Saturday, and between 8,00 am and 11,30 pm on Sundays and holidays. During the daytime from Monday to Saturday two of the three ferries are in service, with the two ferries departing simultaneously from opposite termini and passing each other halfway. The 1. 75-nautical-mile crossing takes 10–12 minutes in each direction with a speed of 11.5 knots, with a 3-5 minute turnaround and, therefore. At these times, over 50 crossings are made a day, during the evenings and on Sundays, service is reduced to a 30-minute schedule with only one ferry operating. The SeaBus is capable of operating on a 12-minute turnaround, however, at the higher speeds, the wake created disturbs other users of the Burrard Inlet. During overloads they do sometimes operate at the higher speeds, the ferries operate with four crew members on board and engineers who stay ashore most of the time, but do regular checks of the engines and are available to come aboard at any time. Seabus crew members are trained and certified to deal with marine emergencies, the original emergency procedure involved using the other SeaBus to evacuate passengers from the distressed SeaBus. The turnstiles on the entrance into the SeaBus waiting area are used only for counting the number of passengers boarding, when the maximum number is reached, the turnstiles lock and no more passengers are allowed on that SeaBus. Seabus is a Fare Paid Zone similar to SkyTrain and buses, Fare inspections are done by Transit Security Officers and on occasion by members of the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service. Seabus attendants may check fares, but do not conduct enforcement, seabus attendants can call Transit Security to deal with non-compliant passengers. Failure to pay the fare or retain a valid fare may result in being removed from the terminal and/or fined $173. Traditionally, like all public transit in Vancouver, the SeaBus offers free rides on New Years Eve to discourage drinking and driving, the SeaBus stops on the Vancouver side at Waterfront Station, near the Vancouver Convention Centre and the cruise ship terminal at Canada Place. A skywalk connects the SeaBus terminal to the station building. In North Vancouver, the SeaBus stops at the purpose-built Lonsdale Quay, in addition to serving commuters, Lonsdale Quay has become an important tourist destination, with a hotel and public market. The current SeaBus fleet consists of the vessels, The ferries are catamarans constructed out of aluminium. The ferries are double-ended so that they can travel in either direction without turning around, there are four diesel engines in each vessel, one for each propeller
18.
Burrard Inlet
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For other places with the same name, see Burrard. Burrard Inlet is a relatively shallow-sided coastal fjord in southwestern British Columbia, what is now known as Burrard Inlet has been home to the Indigenous peoples of the Musqueam, Sḵwxwú7mesh and Tsleil-waututh, who have resided in this territory for thousands of years. They failed to find the Fraser River, mistaking the lowland of the delta as a major inlet of the sea. This led to one of the objectives of the 1792 expedition of Dionisio Alcalá Galiano. Galiano spent many days exploring the area, realizing that there was a great river there. Just days later, the inlet was named by Captain George Vancouver, after his friend. In 1888, the inlet was described in The British Columbia Pilot published by the British Admiralty as follows and it is divided into three distinct harbours, viz. English bay or the outer anchorage, Vancouver, above the First Narrows, the inlet runs almost directly east from the Strait of Georgia to Port Moody and is urbanized on most of its shores. From Point Atkinson and Point Grey on the west to Port Moody in the east, settlements on the shores of Burrard Inlet include Vancouver, West Vancouver, North Vancouver, Burnaby, and Port Moody. Three bridges, the First Narrows Bridge, the Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing and the CNR railway bridge at the Second Narrows, and it is widest between the First and Second Narrows, also the busiest part of Vancouvers port. Protected from the ocean, the calm waters of Burrard Inlet form Vancouvers primary port area. While some of the shoreline is residential and commercial, much is port-industrial, including railyards, terminals for container and bulk cargo ships, grain elevators, and oil refineries. Only in 2003 was a wilderness hiking trail around the whole of Indian Arm completed. Lions Gate Bridge Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing Second Narrows Bridge SeaBus 2002 Aerial Photos of Vancouver, including views of Burrard Inlet
19.
North America
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North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere. It can also be considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean, and to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea. North America covers an area of about 24,709,000 square kilometers, about 16. 5% of the land area. North America is the third largest continent by area, following Asia and Africa, and the fourth by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. In 2013, its population was estimated at nearly 565 million people in 23 independent states, or about 7. 5% of the worlds population, North America was reached by its first human populations during the last glacial period, via crossing the Bering land bridge. The so-called Paleo-Indian period is taken to have lasted until about 10,000 years ago, the Classic stage spans roughly the 6th to 13th centuries. The Pre-Columbian era ended with the migrations and the arrival of European settlers during the Age of Discovery. Present-day cultural and ethnic patterns reflect different kind of interactions between European colonists, indigenous peoples, African slaves and their descendants, European influences are strongest in the northern parts of the continent while indigenous and African influences are relatively stronger in the south. Because of the history of colonialism, most North Americans speak English, Spanish or French, the Americas are usually accepted as having been named after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci by the German cartographers Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann. Vespucci, who explored South America between 1497 and 1502, was the first European to suggest that the Americas were not the East Indies, but a different landmass previously unknown by Europeans. In 1507, Waldseemüller produced a map, in which he placed the word America on the continent of South America. He explained the rationale for the name in the accompanying book Cosmographiae Introductio, for Waldseemüller, no one should object to the naming of the land after its discoverer. He used the Latinized version of Vespuccis name, but in its feminine form America, following the examples of Europa, Asia and Africa. Later, other mapmakers extended the name America to the continent, In 1538. Some argue that the convention is to use the surname for naming discoveries except in the case of royalty, a minutely explored belief that has been advanced is that America was named for a Spanish sailor bearing the ancient Visigothic name of Amairick. Another is that the name is rooted in a Native American language, the term North America maintains various definitions in accordance with location and context. In Canadian English, North America may be used to refer to the United States, alternatively, usage sometimes includes Greenland and Mexico, as well as offshore islands
20.
Bus rapid transit
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Bus rapid transit is a bus-based public transport system designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a conventional bus system. BRT aims to combine the capacity and speed of a metro with the flexibility, lower cost, the first BRT system was the Rede Integrada de Transporte in Curitiba, Brazil, which entered service in 1974. This inspired many similar systems around Brazil and the world, such as TransMilenio in Bogotá, Colombia, as of November 2016, a total of 207 cities in six continents have implemented BRT systems, accounting for 5,468 km of BRT lanes. The Latin American countries with the most daily ridership are Brazil, Colombia, in the other regions, China and Iran also stand out. Currently, TransJakarta considered as the longest BRT route in the world with approximately 210 kilometres length connecting the Indonesian capital city, BRT uses buses on a wide variety of rights-of-way, including mixed traffic, dedicated lanes on surface streets, and busways separated from traffic. Critics have charged that the bus rapid transit has sometimes been misapplied to systems that lack most or all the essential features which differentiate it from conventional bus services. The first BRT system in the world was the Rede Integrada de Transporte, implemented in Curitiba, Brazil, most of the elements that have become associated with BRT were innovations first suggested by Curitiba Mayor Architect Jaime Lerner. Other systems made further innovations, including platooning in Porto Alegre, in the United States, BRT began in 1977, with Pittsburghs South Busway, operating on 4.3 miles of exclusive lanes. Its success led to the Martin Luther King Jr, east Busway in 1983, a fuller BRT deployment including a dedicated busway of 9.1 miles, traffic signal preemption, and peak service headway as low as two minutes. After the opening of the West Busway,5.1 miles in length in 1990, new Orleans ran buses on Canal Street in a dedicated right of way beginning in the 1960s. This style of service was maintained until 2004 when streetcar service was restored on this 4-mile route segment, in 1995, Quito, Ecuador, opened trolleybus BRT. The success of TransMilenio spurred other cities to develop high quality BRT systems, in January 2004 the first BRT in Asia, TransJakarta, opened in Jakarta, Indonesia. As of 2015, at 210 kilometres, it is the longest BRT system in the world, africas first BRT system was opened in Lagos, Nigeria, in March 2008 but is considered as a light BRT system by many people. Johannesburg’s BRT, Rea Vaya, was the first true BRT in Africa, in August 2009, Rea Vaya and MIO were the first two systems to combine full BRT with some services that also operated in mixed traffic, then joined the BRT trunk infrastructure. BRT systems normally include most of the features, Bus-only lanes make for faster travel. Separate rights of way may be elevated, in a cutting, or in a tunnel, Transit malls or bus streets may also be created in city centers. Centre of roadway or bus-only corridor keeps buses away from the busy curb-side, fare prepayment at the station, instead of on board the bus, eliminates the delay caused by passengers paying on board. Prohibiting turns for traffic across the bus lane significantly reduces delays to the buses, Bus priority will often be provided at signalized intersections to reduce delays by extending the green phase or reducing the red phase in the required direction compared to the normal sequence
21.
Burrard station
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Burrard is a SkyTrain station in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, served by the Expo Line. The station is located in the Dunsmuir Tunnel located beneath Downtown Vancouver, Burrard station is located in the heart of Vancouver’s financial district and is very close to Coal Harbour and the West End. Burrard station is one of six SkyTrain subway stations currently serving Downtown Vancouver and it connects with many TransLink bus routes in Metro Vancouver, these buses serve the city of Vancouver, Burnaby, the city and district of North Vancouver, West Vancouver, and the Tri-Cities. Prior to the opening of the Canada Line, a number of routes also served Richmond, Delta, Surrey, like Granville, and King Edward, Burrard Station has a distinctive platform design. The westbound track is stacked on top of the eastbound track, the structure housing the surface station entrance was designed to resemble Victorian-era British railway stations, with a peaked glass roof. When originally opened, the only underground passage was to the Bentall Centre skyscraper complex in the Financial District. A connection to the Royal Centre complex was constructed years later. Burrard Street Entrance is the entrance for Buarrard station, with connection to Royal Centre. Three escalators are available between platform and concourse level, and 1 up-escalator between concourse and street level, fare gates are located at inbound platform level for this entrance. Burrard Street Elevator Access is separated from the entrance at street level and located north of the entrance, closer to the Burrard. A small station house is being built to accommodate fare gates at street level, at platform level, the access to the elevator is behind a narrow door and a short corridor. Burrard station provides a transit exchange on Burrard, Dunsmuir. Bus bay assignment is as follows, Media related to Burrard Station at Wikimedia Commons
22.
Kootenay Loop
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Kootenay Loop is a major public transit exchange in Vancouver, British Columbia. Opened on August 20,1950, it is the eastern-most major exchange in the city of Vancouver with routes servicing East Vancouver, Downtown Vancouver, Burnaby, North Vancouver, Kootenay Loop is located on East Hastings Street, at the intersection with Kootenay Street. It is less than 100 metres from Vancouvers border with the city of Burnaby and it is just a few minutes away from the Pacific National Exhibition grounds and the Second Narrows Bridge to North Vancouver. It is several minutes west of the Burnaby Transit Depot, which houses the public buses for Burnaby and is the base of operations for the 99 B-Line. The exchange can handle regular-length diesel buses, articulated buses and electric trolley buses, part of the exchange is on Hastings Street itself, with the other part separated from regular traffic. It is also one of the stations for the trolleys. It used to be for the Street Car trolley turnaround as there were no electric cars into Burnaby after 1949, there was a small cafe in the centre until the mid-1950s. List of bus routes in Metro Vancouver Kootenay Loop map
23.
96 B-Line
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The 96 B-Line is an express bus line with bus rapid transit elements in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It connects three of the six centres in Surrey -- Guildford, Whalley/City Centre, and Newton. The line opened for service on September 2,2013, and is operated by Coast Mountain Bus Company, departing from Guildford Exchange, the 96 B-Line travels west along 104 Avenue towards Surrey Central Station and King George Station. It then continues south along King George Boulevard towards Newton Exchange
24.
Newton Exchange
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Newton Exchange is a bus loop and transit exchange in Surrey, British Columbia. Opened on May 30,1975, it is the transit hub for Newton Town Centre. Part of the TransLink system, it is the terminus of buses serving Surrey, White Rock, Delta, the exchange is on the southeast corner of 72nd Avenue and 137th Street, it has a loop layout, with several shelters. It is adjacent to the Newton Wave Pool, there are also several shopping malls very close, as well as a cinema, civic recreation centre, and library. The bus loop is patrolled by the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority Police Service, list of bus routes in Metro Vancouver Newton Exchange map
25.
King George station
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King George station is located on an elevated portion of the Expo Line, a part of Metro Vancouvers SkyTrain rapid transit system. The station itself is in Surrey and is the current eastbound terminus of the Expo Line, King George station is located in Surrey City Centre at the corner of King George Boulevard and 100th Ave, just north of the western terminus of the Fraser Highway. On the south side of the station used to be a large 815 space parking lot operated by Impark. The station has recently spurred a series of nearby mixed-use developments. The most recent proposed development to the south of the station has taken half of the park, King George station was built in 1994 as part of the second extension of the Expo Line into Surrey, the other stations included on this extension were Gateway and Surrey Central. In contrast to Surrey Central, the King George station is less busy, since opening in 1994, it has been the eastern terminus of the Expo Line. King George station is a connection point for the TransLink bus routes in Surrey, Langley
26.
Surrey Central station
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Surrey Central station is located on an elevated portion of the Expo Line, a part of Metro Vancouvers SkyTrain rapid transit system. Surrey Central is the busiest of the four located within Surrey. Surrey Central station was one of three new stations opened on March 28,1994 when the Expo Line was extended into downtown Surrey, the name Surrey Central was given after an ad was placed in the local paper calling on residents to propose an appropriate name. Winners received a City of Surrey mug, a letter of thanks, previous to the SkyTrain expansion, Surrey Central was a bus loop known as Whalley Exchange as the immediate area is historically known as Whalley. Over the years, the area has earned a reputation for being unsafe, Surrey RCMP also make occasional patrols of the station. The Transit Villages are defined by TransLink as a new approach to station design, while the original schedule called for construction to be completed by Spring of 2007, nothing beyond design plans have been completed. The Surrey Central plan specifically called for improvements in four areas, station access, street design, King George Boulevard, and land use
27.
UBC Exchange
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UBC Loop is a major public transit exchange point in the University Endowment Lands adjacent to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The first major bus loop located at the University of British Columbia opened in September 1945 to serve students, staff, on September 5,1988, trolley wires were extended to the loop providing the University with trolley bus service for the first time. Since 2003, the campus has served by two temporary loops used by TransLink services travelling to and from UBC, the south loop. These temporary loops replaced the old bus loop to make room for a new underground bus loop that was ultimately never built. The new underground bus loop was slated to be built beside the Student Union Building, on the site of a mound called the Grassy Knoll. This plan was unpopular with a number of UBC students, several students were arrested after a protest in support of the knoll was shut down by the police in April 2008. It is estimated the construction will be completed in 2016, the following routes terminate at UBC Loop. Routes highlighted in green are express/limited-stop, due to construction adjacent to the bus loop, assignments have been shifted, and some bays moved onto Wesbrook Mall. List of bus routes in Metro Vancouver Map of UBC Loop
28.
Coquitlam Central station
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Coquitlam Central is a station served by both Metro Vancouvers SkyTrain metro system and its West Coast Express commuter rail system. The station is located on the side of the Canadian Pacific Railway tracks in Coquitlam, just west of the Lougheed Highway rail overpass. The platform is located on the side of the tracks accessed via a pedestrian tunnel. The adjacent bus loop opened in the early 1990s, while the station opened in 1995. 601 parking spaces are available on site, all services are operated by TransLink. On December 2,2016, the Millennium Lines Evergreen Extension entered revenue service at the station, providing service to VCC–Clark in Vancouver and Lafarge Lake–Douglas in Coquitlam. Canadian Pacific Railway brought the first passenger service to the area in the 1880s, with the first permanent station built at Fraser Mills in 1910. The train was a factor in bringing new settlement, including loggers and their families. The area around Coquitlam Centre has been an important focal point for bus services since the 1970s, prior to the early 1990s, buses converged along Pinetree Way north of the intersection of Lougheed and Barnet Highway. Coquitlam Central is served by five West Coast Express trains per weekday in each direction, five in the morning to Vancouver, and five in the evening to Mission. In addition, there are two operating from Mission to Vancouver in the morning and three in the evening returning to Mission in the evening, stopping at all West Coast Express stations. The station is adjacent to a bus exchange and park-and-ride facility. Revenue service began at Coquitlam Central Station on December 2,2016 and it is expected to be the busiest of all Evergreen Extension stations. It provides services to nearby Lafarge Lake–Douglas station in Coquitlam and service to VCC–Clark station in Vancouver, Coquitlam Central station provides a bus exchange near the intersection of Lougheed Highway and Barnet Highway. Bus bay assignments are as follows, Media related to Coquitlam Central Station at Wikimedia Commons Fraser Mills Station
29.
97 B-Line
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The 97 B-Line was an express bus line in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It connected Coquitlam Central station on the West Coast Express system to Lougheed Town Centre station on the SkyTrain system and it was operated by Coast Mountain Bus Company and funded by TransLink. Going west, the route went along Clarke Rd. St. Johns St. Ioco Rd, Guildford Way and Pinetree Way, and served Burnaby, Port Moody, the line carried 10,750 passengers on weekdays in 2011. Unlike the other B-Line services, this route mainly used conventional 40-foot buses with no paint scheme. It took 45 minutes to complete during rush hour, and about 30 minutes off-peak, Lougheed Town Centre Station - connected to the SkyTrain system and also served the Lougheed Town Centre shopping mall and the standing stones. Lougheed Mall / Austin - an alternate stop for the Lougheed Town Centre mall, cameron - served the Sullivan Heights neighbourhood in Burnaby. Foster - alternate stop for Sullivan Heights,500 Block / Smith - served the Plaza Burquitlam shopping area. Como Lake - alternate stop for the Plaza Burquitlam, Glenayre - served the Glenayre and Seaview neighbourhoods of Port Moody, with connections to a local community shuttle. Barnet Highway / Albert - served the East Hill neighbourhood, queens - served the northwestern part of the Harbour Chines neighbourhood and the Port Moody Station Museum. Williams - served the Port Moody Station of the West Coast Express, moray - served the industrial areas in southeast Port Moody. Newport - served the Port Moody City Hall, the theatre and library, NewPort Village, Suter Brook. Ungless - served Eagle Ridge Hospital, falcon - served the Eagle Ridge neighbourhood around the Coquitlam/Port Moody border. Lansdowne - served the Eagle Ridge and Highland Park neighbourhoods, johnson - served the Canyon Springs neighbourhood. Pinetree / Guildford - served the Coquitlam City Hall area and Douglas Colleges David Lam campus, lincoln / Anson - first stop for the Coquitlam Centre shopping mall, also served Henderson Place Mall and the Westwood neighbourhood. Coquitlam Central Station - connected to the West Coast Expresss Coquitlam Station, evergreen Extension Expo Line Canada Line 91 B-Line 95 B-Line 96 B-Line 98 B-Line 99 B-Line List of bus routes in Metro Vancouver TransLink Timetable Route Diagram
30.
Lougheed Town Centre station
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Lougheed Town Centre is a station on the SkyTrain rapid transit system in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and was constructed as part of the Millennium Line. It is currently one of three stations where transfer between the Expo Line and the Millennium Line is possible, the other two points of transfer are Commercial–Broadway and Production Way–University. A large Korean neighbourhood, referred to colloquially as Korea Town, the station is served by a bus loop, and was the terminus for the 97 B-Line, which connected to Coquitlam Central. On October 22,2016, Expo Line service commenced at the station, an unfinished third platform had been roughed in on the east side of the station during its construction, in anticipation of a future connection for a SkyTrain extension to the Coquitlam. However, the government announced new plans for the line in 2008, including the use of SkyTrain or similar technology. This will allow Millennium Line trains to run seamlessly between VCC–Clark and Lafarge Lake–Douglas station, construction began in mid-2012, and on December 2,2016, the Evergreen Extension opened. In preparation for the Evergreen Extension, on October 22,2016, Gatineau Place/Bus Loop Entrance is located on the east end of the station, connecting the platform with bus loop at street level with elevators and both up and down escalators. Retail shops are available at this entrance, bus and HandyDart drop-off areas are located on Gatineau Place, in front of the station plaza. See Lougheed Town Centre Station#Transit exchange for a list of bus connections. Austin Avenue Entrance is located on the west end of the station platform, an elevator linking the street, concourse, and platform levels, however, there is no escalator between street and concourse level. Pepsi vending machines are available at concourse level, the walkway is mostly weather protected, with the exception of few pedestrian crossings. Lougheed Town Centre station provides a transit exchange in between Gatineau Place and Lougheed Highway. The station is close to the boundary of Burnaby and Coquitlam, bus bay assignments are as follows, Media related to Lougheed Town Centre Station at Wikimedia Commons
31.
Evergreen Extension
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It extends the SkyTrain network from Lougheed Town Centre in Burnaby to Lafarge Lake–Douglas in Coquitlam, with the addition of six new SkyTrain stations and major upgrades to two existing stations. It opened on December 2,2016, service was initially planned to begin by the middle of 2016. With the extension opened, the Millennium Line operates between VCC–Clark and Lafarge Lake–Douglas, the line is expected to serve 70,000 passengers per day in 2021. The line uses tunnels and elevated guideways, and the automated technology as the SkyTrain rapid transit lines operated by TransLink elsewhere in Metro Vancouver. At 79.6 kilometres, Vancouvers SkyTrain system is the largest fully grade-separated metro rail system in Canada and it is also the longest fully automated rapid transit system in the world, surpassing the Dubai Metro. The Evergreen Extension uses the colour yellow outlined in green on maps, wayfinding. A rapid-transit extension to Coquitlam was intended to be phase II of the new Millennium Line that was completed in 2002, in September 2002 the 97 B-Line express bus service was implemented. Detailed design began in October 2006, when the TransLink Board approved the Evergreen Light Rail Transit project definition phase. ”This prompted local news agencies to interpret the statement as meaning TransLink had shelved the project. We have defined the project, and now we are waiting for funding to be confirmed from senior levels of government, the expected completion date was pushed back from 2011 to 2014. On August 5,2008, the Province of British Columbia, on May 4,2009, the Ministry of Transportation released a Project Description Report for the Evergreen Line. The report provided more information about the scope and characteristics of the line and detailed the projects environmental. On September 11,2009, the second update was released by the Evergreen Line Project. The update stated that contractor selection would begin in early to mid-2010, environmental assessment would be completed in 2010, the update also announced open houses for the environmental assessment process for September 2009 and open houses for preliminary design in October and November 2009. It did not make reference to the issues that remained unresolved. On October 26,2009, the TransLink Mayors Council voted against the funding necessary to pursue the Evergreen Line. However, on October 28,2009, Premier Gordon Campbell stated that the line would continue though it had been voted down. On October 7,2011, the Mayors Council approved the Moving Forward 2012 Supplemental Plan to fund transportation projects in the Metro Vancouver region. Transportation Minister Blair Lekstrom announced that construction was expected to begin in mid-2012, in May 2012, preliminary construction began, including the removal of some buildings and the construction of underground utility tunnels in certain areas of Port Moody and Coquitlam
32.
98 B-Line
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The 98 B-Line was a bus rapid transit line in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It connected Richmond, British Columbia to Downtown Vancouver, with a connection to Vancouver International Airport and it travelled mainly along Granville Street in Vancouver and dedicated bus lane on No.3 Road in Richmond. It was operated by Coast Mountain Bus Company and was funded by TransLink, the route was 16 kilometres long. The line carried over 18,000 passengers daily and it was discontinued on September 7,2009, two and a half weeks after the opening of the Canada Line, which replaced it. The 98 B-Line had nine stops in Richmond and fourteen stops in Vancouver, waiting times were approximately five to seven minutes per bus during peak hours and ten minutes per bus during mid-afternoons. In the evening and at night, the time was around fifteen minutes per bus. Total travel time from end to end on the route was approximately 42 minutes, in Richmond, the 98 B-Line followed a dedicated bus lane separated from mainstream traffic on No.3 Road, between the Lansdowne and Sea Island Way stops. On February 13,2006, the 98 B-Lines bus lane in Richmond was closed as utility crews prepared for the construction of the Canada Line along No.3 Road, between February 2006 until its discontinuation in September 2009, the 98 B-Line travelled with regular traffic. The route was modelled after the successful 99 B-Line, which operates between University of British Columbia and Commercial-Broadway SkyTrain station, like its older counterpart, larger articulated buses were normally used for this route, each with a 120-passenger capacity. These buses were built by New Flyer Industries of Winnipeg, Manitoba, prior to the introduction of the 98 B-Line, most bus routes in Richmond travelled into Downtown Vancouver during rush hours. These routes stopped at all stops along their routes in Richmond, although the idea of a rapid bus line from Richmond to Vancouver had been discussed for decades, it was first proposed by BC Transit in 1994. In 1995, Vancouver city council approved a southbound high-occupancy vehicle lane for the peak hours in the Marpole neighbourhood in preparation for an express bus service. In 1997, the idea of a transit line was re-introduced with the objective of providing the express service at regular fares. A study was done and it was determined that the best route for the line would be through Granville Street in Vancouver, the line was officially opened on September 4,2000. Within a few years, rush hours routes were created which effectively restored direct rush hour service from most urban areas of Richmond to Vancouver, the B-line was one of the most used routes in the TransLink system. Around 2002 to 2003, plans to replace the 98 B-Line with a rail line were being brought up. This new lines working name was the RAV Line and it generated much controversy, mainly due to its estimated cost of $1.72 billion CAD. The RAV Line project was saved after the agreed to build both lines by 2010
33.
Richmond Centre (mall)
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Richmond Centre is a shopping mall in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada. Its street address is on No.3 Road but it stretches as far west as Minoru Boulevard, Richmond City Hall is immediately south of the mall. By the number of stores, it is the largest mall in Richmond with 250 stores and services and it is the most frequently visited mall in Richmond, and is open on every day of the year except Christmas Day. Hudsons Bay Sport Chek/Atmosphere Old Navy Coast Capital Savings Shoppers Drug Mart Sears - closed February 28,2015
34.
Canada Line
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The Canada Line is the third rapid transit line built in the SkyTrain metro system in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The line is owned By TransLink and InTransitBC and operated by ProTrans BC, and links Vancouver, Richmond, and it is coloured turquoise on route maps. The Canada Line comprises 19.2 kilometres of track, the line goes from Vancouver to Richmond. It had been scheduled to open on November 30,2009, the Canada Line was anticipated to have 100,000 boardings per day in 2013 and 142,000 boardings per day by 2021, but it has consistently exceeded early targets. Ridership has grown steadily since opening day, with ridership of 83,000 per day in September 2009,105,000 per day in March 2010. During the 17 days of the 2010 Winter Olympics, the line carried an average of 228,190 passengers per day, governance of the project was through Canada Line Rapid Transit Inc. formerly RAV Project Management Ltd. The line was built by SNC-Lavalin, and InTransitBC will manage the line for 35 years under a contract with TransLink. The Canada Line is operationally independent from British Columbia Rapid Transit Company, which operates SkyTrains Expo and Millennium lines, like the other two SkyTrain lines in Metro Vancouver, it is also light metro rapid transit, using fully automated trains on grade-separated guideways. However, the trains are powered by conventional motors rather than the induction system used on the other SkyTrain lines. The Canada Line begins in Downtown Vancouver at Waterfront Station in a subway tunnel beneath Granville Street. It quickly goes into twin-bored tunnels, heading southwest beneath Granville Street, the tunnels then dive deeper to pass below False Creek before rising back up to Olympic Village Station. There, the line back to a cut-and-cover tunnel heading south under Cambie Street. The line emerges from the ground just south of 64th Avenue, the line continues elevated across the North Arm Bridge over the North Arm of the Fraser River, leaving Vancouver and entering Richmond. Just beyond Bridgeport Station, the splits, with the Richmond branch heading south on elevated tracks along No.3 Road. The airport branch turns west and crosses the Middle Arm Bridge over the Middle Arm of the Fraser River, connecting to stations on Sea Island, portions of the airport branch are at grade in order to accommodate a future elevated taxiway for aircraft over the line. Both branches narrow to a track as they approach their respective terminus stations. Just before Bridgeport Station is the OMC facility, which houses the trains not in use. Station construction was designed as a two-stage process, sixteen original stations opened at the same time as the line did
35.
Proof-of-payment
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Proof-of-payment or Proof-of-fare is an honor-based fare collection system used on many public transportation systems. Instead of checking each passenger as they enter a fare zone, passengers are required to carry a ticket. Fares are enforced via random spot-checks by inspectors such as conductors or enforcement officers, on many systems, a passenger can purchase a single-use ticket or multi-use pass at any time in advance, but must insert the ticket or pass into a validation machine immediately before use. Validation machines in stations or on board vehicles time stamp the ticket, the ticket is then valid for some period of time after the stamped time. This method is implemented when the transit authority believes it will lose less money to the resultant fare evasion than it would cost to install and maintain a more direct collection method. It may be used in systems whose passenger volume and density are not very high most of the time—as passenger volumes increase, however, in some countries it is common even on systems with very high passenger volume. Proof-of-payment is usually applied on one-man operated rail and road vehicles as well as on automatically operated rail lines, direct fare collection methods may also be used at major hubs in systems that otherwise use POP. An example of this is the Tower City–Public Square station on Clevelands RTA Rapid Transit Red Line, travel without a valid ticket is not usually considered a criminal offense, but a penalty fare or a fine can be charged. On buses, proof-of-payment saves drivers the time needed to collect fares, validated tickets can double as transfers between lines. Visitors unfamiliar with a systems validation requirements who innocently misunderstand the rules are especially likely to get into trouble, proof-of-payment is popular in Germany, where it was widely introduced during the labor shortages resulting from the Economic Miracle of the 1960s. It has also adopted in Eastern Europe and Canada and has made some inroads in newer systems in the United States. The first use of the term POP or Proof of Payment on a line in North America is believed to have been in Edmonton in 1980. Louis MetroLink Toronto streetcar system Translink - According to Translink, turnstiles will begin to operate on late 2013, tyne and Wear Metro Utah Transit Authority TRAX Vienna U-Bahn and Trams Virginia Railway Express Zagreb ZET Transport for London in London, England sbX in San Bernardino, California. Tallinn Public Transport RTA buses, Dubai TCRP Report 80, A Toolkit for Self-Service, Barrier-Free Fare Collection
36.
SkyTrain (Vancouver)
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SkyTrain is the metropolitan rail system of Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. SkyTrain has 79.5 km of track and uses automated trains on grade-separated tracks running on underground and elevated guideways. SkyTrain has the worlds longest cable-supported transit-only bridge, known as SkyBridge, the opening of the Evergreen Extension on December 2,2016, made SkyTrain the longest rapid transit system in Canada and the longest fully automated driverless system in the world. SkyTrain has 53 stations serving three lines, the Expo, Millennium, and Canada Lines, the Expo Line and Millennium Line are operated by British Columbia Rapid Transit Company under contract from TransLink, a regional government transportation agency. The Canada Line is operated on the principles by the private concessionaire ProTrans BC under contract to TransLink. SkyTrain uses a system shared with other local transit services. SkyTrain Attendants provide first aid, directions and customer service, inspect fares, monitor train faults, the Expo Line was built in 1985 in time for Expo 86. The Expo Line ran only as far as New Westminster Station initially, in 1989, it was extended to Columbia Station and in 1990, once the Skybridge was finished, it continued across the Fraser River to Scott Road Station in Surrey. In 1994, the terminus of the Expo line became King George Station in central Surrey and it was built on a budget of $854 million. During peak periods, every third Expo Line train provides service to Production Way–University, off-peak and it was built on a $1. 2-billion budget and the final extension from Commercial Drive Station to VCC–Clark Station was opened on January 6,2006. From October 22,2016 to December 1,2016, the Millennium Line operated from VCC–Clark to Lougheed Town Centre station, since December 2,2016, the Millennium Line has operated between VCC–Clark Station in Vancouver and Lafarge Lake–Douglas station in Coquitlam. The Millennium Line has 17 stations, three of which are transfer stations with the Expo Line and two which connect with the West Coast Express commuter train, the original Millennium Lines stations were designed by British Columbias top architects and are very different from those on the Expo Line. In 2004, Busby and Associates Architects, designers of the Brentwood Town Centre station in Burnaby, were honoured for their work with a Governor Generals Medal in Architecture and this extension adds 11 km and 6 new stations to the Millennium Line. The Canada Line begins at the Waterfront Station hub, then south to the City of Richmond. Opened on August 17,2009, the Canada Line added 15 stations and 19.2 km to the SkyTrain network, the Canada Line cost $1.9 billion, financed by the Governments of Canada and British Columbia, TransLink, and InTransitBC. Canada Line tracks do not interconnect with the older SkyTrain network, current operation, Former operation, SkyTrain provides high-frequency service, with trains arriving every 2–7 minutes at all stations during peak hours. Trains operate between 5,00 a. m. and 1,30 a. m. on weekdays, with reduced hours on weekends on Expo and Millennium lines. SkyTrain has longer hours of service during special events, such as New Years Eve, the Vancouver 2010 Olympics, TransLinks SkyTrain service area is divided into three zones, with fares varying depending on how many zone boundaries are crossed during one trip
37.
Unifor Local 111
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The CAW Local 111 was a local union of the Canadian Auto Workers union. It represented the 3300 conventional and community bus operators for Coast Mountain Bus Company in Metro Vancouver, the union has pushed for changes in fare collection procedures on buses which would reduce confrontations between drivers and passengers. It has had disagreements over the strategy of TransLink, the agency which funds transportation in Greater Vancouver. There was a strike in 2001. Human Rights Tribunal to force the employer to discontinue an attendance management system which it claimed discriminated against employees with a disability, on October 21,2008 the local launched a public awareness campaign calling for More Buses Now. It is a designed to draw attention to the public demands for more service in the Metro Vancouver area and is driven by leaflets, advertising
38.
North Vancouver (district municipality)
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The District of North Vancouver is a district municipality in British Columbia, Canada and is part of the Greater Vancouver Regional District. It surrounds the City of North Vancouver on three sides, as of 2016, the District stands as the second wealthiest city in Canada, with neighbouring West Vancouver the richest. The municipality is characterized as being a relatively quiet, affluent suburban hub home to many middle and upper-middle class families. Homes in the District generally range from mid-sized family bungalows to large luxury houses. Some developments have popped up across the district in recent years, the District is served by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, British Columbia Ambulance Service, and the District of North Vancouver Fire Department. The District of North Vancouver is separated from Vancouver by the Burrard Inlet and it can be accessed by the Lions Gate Bridge, the Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing, and the SeaBus passenger ferry. The District is bounded by the Capilano River to the west, Indian Arm to the east, Burrard Inlet to the south, and it sprawls in an east-west direction across the mountain slopes, and is characterized by rugged terrain and steep and winding roadways. While there is no true urban core within the District, there are a number of separate commercial neighbourhood centres and these include, Edgemont Village, Upper Lonsdale, Lynn Valley, Main Street, Parkgate, and Deep Cove. The District has a lot in common with West Vancouver and the City of North Vancouver, together these three municipalities are commonly referred to as the North Shore. Most of the residents of the District live in single-family dwellings, except for a few more historical areas, much of the development of the District has occurred since the 1950s. The City of North Vancouver has considerably higher commercial and residential density, however, the differences between the two North Vans are most apparent to their respective residents. For the most part, other Lower Mainland residents rarely distinguish between the District and the City, referring to both collectively as North Vancouver. For thousands of years, the Indigenous Squamish and their kin Tsleil-Waututh, of the Coast Salish, slightly over 200 years ago, the people of the Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh living on the North Shore had their first glimpse of Europeans. First the Spanish arrived, giving their name to Vancouver’s Spanish Banks and, in 1792, Captain George Vancouver explored the local shores. But it was not until 1862 that the first attempt was made to harvest the North Shore’s rich stands of timber, the first industry on the North Shore was Pioneer Mills, founded in 1862 to log the huge trees of the coastal rainforest. After twice changing hands, the operation was bought by Sewell Prescott Moody in 1865, near where the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool grain elevators now stand, the town of Moodyville grew up and stood as the main centre of activity on the North Shore until the mill closed in 1901. The first school was established in Moodyville, in 1891, the first municipality on the North Shore was formed as the District of North Vancouver. It stretched across the North Shore from Horseshoe Bay to Deep Cove, in the early years of this century, a real estate boom took place, with speculators – including the British poet Rudyard Kipling – eager to turn a quick dollar
39.
Canada's Top 100 Employers
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Canadas Top 100 Employers is an annual editorial competition that recognizes the best places in Canada to work. First held in 1999, the aims to single out the employers that lead their industries in offering exceptional working conditions. Winners are announced each October in The Globe and Mail newspaper, from 1999 to 2006, the list was published as an annual paperback book in Canada. Beginning in 2007, the list and the editors Reasons for Selection were published each year. Beginning in 2014, the winners were announced in a national magazine published in The Globe. The competition is organized by Mediacorp Canada Inc. a specialty publisher of employment-related periodicals, Employers are compared to other organizations in their field to determine which offers the most progressive and forward-thinking programs. Selections are made by a team of editors, who publish detailed reasons for choosing each of the winners, any employer, whether private or public sector, operating in Canada may apply to be considered. Applications are generally released each February and must be submitted to the approximately eight weeks later. This event, called the Top Employer Summit, is nations Canadas largest annual event for senior-level human resources professionals, kennedy Jr. Peter Mansbridge, and Richard Bolles
40.
Criminal Code (Canada)
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The Criminal Code or Code criminel is a law that codifies most criminal offences and procedures in Canada. Its official long title is An Act respecting the criminal law, section 91 of the Constitution Act,1867 establishes the sole jurisdiction of Parliament over criminal law in Canada. The Criminal Code contains some defences, but most are part of the law rather than statute. This legal document has played a part in Canadas history and has also helped form other legal acts and laws, For example the Controlled Drugs. The Criminal Code was first enacted in July 1892 after being a pet project of the Minister of Justice of the time, Canadas criminal code followed much of Englands 1878 bill. However Canada wanted to have a precise legal document that outlined all criminal laws. The Criminal Code has been revised numerous times, including the consolidation of federal statutes that occurred during 1955 and 1985, the criminal code has changed as society has advanced. The introduction of technology has pushed for new laws to be passed, for example laws against the use of cellphones while driving as well as cyber crimes. The Criminal Code, in its present form, is part of the 1985 consolidated statutes with further major amendments since that year, the offending sections are usually removed altogether, or heavily qualified, when new laws are passed. Before the terrorist attack against the World Trade Center on September 11,2001, after that event, the Canadian Parliament passed Bill C-36, the Anti-terrorism Act which received royal assent on December 18,2001. This statute added a new component to the Criminal Code. Falling between Part II and Part III is now Part II, however, sentencing, procedure and evidence law are modified to some extent by the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Depending on the severity of the crime, the Crown Prosecutor may argue for a youth to receive a sentence after the age of 14. In this case, the judge will make the decision, under the Young Offenders Act, the youth would be transferred to adult court in order to receive an adult sentence. This is no longer the case, under the Youth Criminal Justice Act the young person would receive the adult sentence in youth court. If the young person is given an adult custody sentence, he/she will attend a youth facility until becoming an adult at the age of 18. At this time it will be decided if the youth is transferred to an adult facility, if an adult sentence is given, the young persons name will be published and he/she will receive a permanent adult criminal record. In 2012, Bill C-10 made amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act regarding youth, Criminal law in Canada Criminal Code Criminal Code at The Canadian Encyclopedia Canadian Legal Information Institute contains the CCoC in a searchable database
41.
New Flyer Industries
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New Flyer Industries Inc. is a Canadian bus manufacturer in headquartered in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It also has factories in Crookston and St. Cloud, Minnesota, Flyer was founded by John Coval in 1930 as the Western Auto and Truck Body Works Ltd. Reflecting an increased focus on bus manufacturing, it changed its name in 1948 to Western Flyer Coach, in the 1960s, the company further focused on the urban transit bus market. In 1971, the then-financially struggling Western Flyer was sold to the Manitoba Development Corporation, an agency of the Manitoba government, den Oudsten Bussen B. V was a bus manufacturer in its native country, the Netherlands. New Flyer subsequently introduced North Americas first low-floor bus, delivering the D40LF to the Port Authority of New York, also in 1995, the first ever North American low-floor articulated bus was introduced to Strathcona County Transit of Sherwood Park, Alberta. In March 2002, New Flyer was acquired by KPS Special Situations Fund in New York City. Also in the year, Mr. den Oudsten retired as CEO of New Flyer Industries Ltd. and has recently been inducted into the Hall of Fame of the American Public Transportation Association. In 2003, King County Metro of Seattle, Washington placed an order for 213 hybrid buses, lightyear Capital, a New York-based private equity firm, joined Harvest as a co-investor in the transaction. Marinucci added that since the KPS purchase, New Flyer achieved excellent operational and financial performance. On August 19,2005, New Flyer announced the closing of a public offering in Canada of 20,000 Income Deposit Securities. That year also saw the introduction of optional redesigned front and rear endcaps for their buses, the new endcaps are an attempt to modernize and streamline the look of their fleet, which is more or less a box on wheels. Also, a new R suffix was applied on all units produced with the new endcaps, the redesigned endcaps made their debut with the 2005 E40LFR built for the Vancouver trolleybus system. Between 2005 and the end of 2009, New Flyer supplied a total of 262 low-floor trolleybuses to the Greater Vancouver Transportation Authority, the original order, placed in late 2003, was for 188 E40LFR units and 40 E60LFR units. The first E40LFR was delivered in July 2005, and the rest of the 40-foot units were delivered between August 2006 and September 2007, the first articulated, E60LFR trolleybus arrived in Vancouver in January 2007. TransLink decided to order an additional 34 articulated units, making the total 74, another purchaser of trolleybuses from New Flyer was SEPTA, operator of the Philadelphia trolleybus system. That agency placed an order with New Flyer in February 2006 for 38 E40LFR trackless trolleys, the first vehicle was delivered in June 2007, and the remaining 37 were received by SEPTA during 2008. In October 2008, New Flyer Industries Canada ULC was named one of Canadas Top 100 Employers by Mediacorp Canada Inc. and was featured in Macleans newsmagazine. Later that month, New Flyer was also named one of Manitobas Top Employers, the company converted to a corporate structure from a trust-like structure in October,2011
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All vehicles are wheelchair-accessible.
