Colfax County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 10,582. Its county seat is Schuyler. The county and its seat are named after US Vice President (1869-1873) Schuyler Colfax.

Schuyler Colfax was an American journalist, businessman, and politician who served as the 17th vice president of the United States from 1869 to 1873, and prior to that as the 25th speaker of the House of Representatives from 1863 to 1869. Originally a Whig, then part of the short-lived People's Party of Indiana, and later a Republican, he was the U.S. Representative for Indiana's 9th congressional district from 1855 to 1869.