Communist Labor Party of America
The Communist Labor Party of America (CLPA) was one of the organizational predecessors of the Communist Party USA.
Former United Mine Workers functionary Adolph Germer, Executive Secretary of the Socialist Party of America, was one of the leaders of the Regular faction that forced the Communist Labor Party of America to split
Executive Secretary Alfred Wagenknecht in 1918
Socialist Party of America
The Socialist Party of America (SPA) was a socialist political party in the United States formed in 1901 by a merger between the three-year-old Social Democratic Party of America and disaffected elements of the Socialist Labor Party of America who had split from the main organization in 1899.
Election poster for Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Party of America candidate for President, 1904
Debs was the founding member of the Socialist Party of America.
Executive Secretary Adolph Germer was one of top five Socialist of America leaders prosecuted by the Department of Justice in 1919.
Alfred Wagenknecht, top leader of the 1919 Left Wing Section of the Socialist Party