Consciousness is being aware of something internal to one's self, or of states or objects in one's external environment. It has been the topic of extensive explanations, analyses, and debate among phi
Mirror test subjected on a common octopus
Schema of the neural processes underlying consciousness, from Christof Koch
A Buddhist monk meditating
Thomas Nagel argues that while a human might be able to imagine what it is like to be a bat by taking "the bat's point of view", it would still be impossible "to know what it is like for a bat to be a bat". (Townsend's big-eared bat pictured.)
Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable explanations about nature and society. It is driven by the scientific method: an empirical cycle that typ
Consciousness
…scientists, and theologians for millennia. There is no consensus on what exactly needs to be studied, or whether consciousness can be considered a scientific concept. In some explanations it is synonymous with mind, while in others it is considered an aspect of it. In the past, consciousness meant one's "inner life…
Megaliths from Nabta Playa, constructed by Neolithic populations to coordinate astronomical observations located in Aswan, Upper Egypt.
The Plimpton 322 tablet by the Babylonians records Pythagorean triples, written c. 1800 BCE
Plato's Academy mosaic, made between 100 BCE and 79 CE, shows many Greek philosophers and scholars.
The first page of Vienna Dioscurides depicts a peacock, made in the 6th century.