Flavius Julius Constans, also called Constans I, was Roman emperor from 337 to 350. He held the imperial rank of caesar from 333, and was the youngest son of Constantine the Great.
Possible head of Constans set in a modern bust (Louvre)
Gold medallion of Constans, equivalent to 9 solidi. Aquileia, 342 AD - Bode Museum
Solidus of Constans marked: constans p·f· augustus on the obverse, with the emperor holding a vexillum with a chi-rho and crowned by Victory on the reverse, marked: spes rei publicae ("the hope of the Republic")
Solidus of Constans
Caesar is a title of imperial character. It derives from the cognomen of the Roman dictator Julius Caesar. The change from being a surname to a title used by the Roman emperors can be traced to AD 68, following the fall of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. When used on its own, the title denoted heirs apparent, which would later adopt the title Augustus on accession. The title remained an essential part of the style of the emperors, and became the word for "emperor" in some languages, such as German (kaiser) and Russian (tsar).
Sculpture depiction of Julius Caesar
The Roman emperor Constantine the Great, mosaic in Hagia Sophia, Constantinople
Mehmed II and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople Gennadios.
