Between 1784 and 1868 the British penal system transported about 162,000 convicts from Great Britain and Ireland to various penal colonies in Australia.
Convicts in Sydney, 1793, by Juan Ravenet
William Hogarth's Gin Lane, 1751.
Prison hulks in the River Thames, England, 1814
The First Fleet arrives in Botany Bay, 21 January 1788, by William Bradley (1802).
In the fields of cultural studies and social anthropology, cultural cringe is an expression used to refer to an internalized inferiority complex where people dismiss their own culture as inferior when
Convicts in Australia
…Australian society. However, convictism carried a social stigma and, for some later Australians, being of convict descent instilled a sense of shame and cultural cringe. Attitudes became more accepting in the 20th century, and it is now considered by many Australians to be a cause for celebration to discover a convict…
It has been posited that Australia's "distinct ambivalence" towards its own history, coupled with a desire to rid the country of its "convict stain", resulted in historical figures such as star cricketer and Australian rules football founder Tom Wills being virtually forgotten.