The cosmic distance ladder is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for
The sculpture The Astronomer shows the use of parallax to measure distance. It is made from parts of the Yale–Columbia Refractor telescope (1924) damaged when the 2003 Canberra bushfires burned out the Mount Stromlo Observatory; at Questacon, Canberra.
SN 1994D (bright spot on the lower left) in the NGC 4526 galaxy. Image by NASA, ESA, The Hubble Key Project Team, and The High-Z Supernova Search Team
The parsec is a unit of length used to measure the large distances to astronomical objects outside the Solar System, approximately equal to 3.26 light-years or 206,265 astronomical units, i.e., 30.9 t
Cosmic distance ladder
…objects. A direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are "close enough" (within about a thousand parsecs or 3×1016 km) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods…
As observed by the Hubble Space Telescope, the astrophysical jet erupting from the active galactic nucleus of M87 subtends 20″ and is thought to be 1.5 kiloparsecs (4,892 ly) long (the jet is somewhat foreshortened from Earth's perspective).