The Cottonera Lines, also known as the Valperga Lines, are a line of fortifications in Bormla and Birgu, Malta. They were built in the 17th and 18th centuries on higher ground and further outwards tha
The Cottonera Lines as seen from Għajn Dwieli
Portrait of Grand Master Nicolas Cotoner with a plan of the Cottonera Lines
The Notre Dame Gate, the main gate of the Cottonera Lines
The lines as seen from the limits of Bormla, pictured in 2026
The Notre Dame Gate, also known as the Notre Dame de la Grace Gate, the Cottonera Gate, the Żabbar Gate or Bieb is-Sultan, is the main gate of the Cottonera Lines, located in Cottonera, Malta. The gat