Creek War
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The Creek War was a regional conflict between opposing Native American factions, European powers, and the United States during the early 19th century. The Creek War began as a conflict within the trib
William Weatherford surrendering to Andrew Jackson
Painting (1805) of Benjamin Hawkins on his plantation, instructing Creeks in European technology
"General Jackson's campaign against the Creek Indians 1813 & 1814" (NAID 102279378)
U.S. regulars storm the breastworks at Horseshoe Bend
Red Sticks
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Red Sticks —the name deriving from the red-painted war clubs of some Native American Creek—refers to an early 19th century traditionalist faction of Muscogee Creek people in the Southeastern United St
Creek War
…Creek War took place largely in modern-day Alabama and along the Gulf Coast. Major engagements of the war involved the United States military and the Red Sticks (or Upper Creeks), a Muscogee tribal faction who resisted U.S. territorial expansion. The United States formed an alliance with the traditional enemies…
Menawa was one of the principal leaders of the Red Sticks. After the war, he continued to oppose white encroachment on Muscogee lands, visiting Washington, D.C., in 1826 to protest the treaty of Indian Springs. Painted by Charles Bird King, 1837.