Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons. This practice reduces the reliance of crops on one set of nutrients
Effects of crop rotation and monoculture at the Swojec Experimental Farm, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences. In the front field, the "Norfolk" crop rotation sequence (potatoes, oats, peas, rye) is being applied; in the back field, rye has been grown for 58 years in a row.
Legumes such as alfalfa, beans, and clover have long been used in crop rotations. They have bacteria in their root nodules which take nitrogen from the air and fix it into the soil as nitrates that crops can use.