Cross Plains is a town in Callahan County, Texas, United States. The population was 982 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Abilene, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Callahan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,708. Its county seat is Baird. The county was founded in 1858 and later organized in 1877. It is named for James Hughes Callahan, an American soldier in the Texas Revolution. Callahan County is included in the Abilene, Texas metropolitan statistical area.