The Crossing of the Red Sea is part of the biblical narrative of the Exodus, the escape of the Israelites, led by Moses, from the pursuing Egyptians in the Book of Exodus. Moses holds out his staff and the Red Sea is parted by God; the Israelites cross the sea, followed by the Egyptian army. Once the Israelites have safely crossed Moses lifts his arms again, the sea closes, the Egyptians are drowned. God chooses Moses to lead the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt and into the land of Canaan, which God has promised to them; the Egyptian pharaoh, who said the opposite, agrees to let them go, they travel from Ramesses to Succoth and to Etham on the edge of the desert, led by a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. There God tells Moses to turn back and camp by the sea at Pi-hahiroth, between Migdol and the sea, directly opposite Baal-zephon. God causes the pharaoh to pursue the Israelites with chariots, the pharaoh overtakes them at Pi-hahiroth; when the Israelites see the Egyptian army they are afraid, but the pillar of fire and the cloud separates the Israelites and the Egyptians.
At God's command, Moses held his staff out over the water, throughout the night a strong east wind divided the sea, the Israelites walked through on dry land with a wall of water on either side. The Egyptians pursued them, but at daybreak God clogged their chariot-wheels and threw them into a panic, with the return of the water, the pharaoh and his entire army are destroyed; when the Israelites saw the power of God, they put their faith in God and in Moses, sang a song of praise to the Lord for the crossing of the sea and the destruction of their enemies.. The narrative contains at least three and four layers. In the first layer, God blows the sea back with a strong east wind, allowing the Israelites to cross on dry land; the Israelites' first journey is from Ramesses to Succoth. Ramesses is identified with modern Qantir, the site of the 19th dynasty capital Per-Ramesses, Succoth with Tell el-Maskhuta in Wadi Tumilat, the biblical Land of Goshen. From Succoth, the Israelites travel to Etham "on the edge of the desert" turn back to Pi-hahiroth, located between Migdol and the sea and directly opposite Baal Zephon.
None of these have been identified with certainty. One theory with a wide following is that they refer collectively to the region of Lake Timsah, a salt lake north of the Gulf of Suez, the nearest large body of water after Wadi Tumilat. Lake Timsah was connected to Pithom in Gesem at various times by a canal, a late 1st millennium text refers to Migdol Baal Zephon as a fort on the canal; the Hebrew term for the place of the crossing is "Yam Suph". Although this has traditionally been thought to refer to the salt water inlet located between Africa and the Arabian peninsula, known in English as the Red Sea, this is a mistranslation from the Greek Septuagint, Hebrew suph never means "red" but rather sometimes means "reeds".. It is unknown for certain why the Septuagint scholars translated Yam Suph as Red Sea, or "Eruthra Thalassa." One theory is that these scholars, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt during the 3rd century B. C. identified the Red Sea as we know it today because they believed this is where the crossing took place.
During this time, these scholars would have understood the Red Sea not as the body of water we know today, but extending down to the Indian Ocean. A common understanding for the term Yam Suph is "Sea of Reeds" or "Reed Sea." However, the ancient Hebrew term could mean something else. According to Strong's Concordance, 1990 edition, there are more than one hundred uses of the term "suph" in the Bible; the concordance identifies four uses of the term that could mean ""flags, rushes, papyrus." The term ends with a question mark, indicating the translators were not sure if this was a accurate translation. Suph and its variants have other meanings in Hebrew according to Strong's. For example, entry 5486 notes a total of eight uses of the term where the most accurate translation is "to cease, come to an end." Another variant of suph, according to entry 5487, could mean "to be fulfilled, come to an end." These other translations for the term may or may not affect the true location for the crossing event.
General scholarly opinion is that the Exodus story combines a number of traditions, one of them at the "Reed Sea" and another at the far deeper Red Sea, allowing the more dramatic telling of events. Reeds tolerant of salt water flourish in the shallow string of lakes extending from Suez north to the Mediterranean Sea. Kenneth Kitchen and James Hoffmeier state that these reedy lakes and marshes along the isthmus of Suez are acceptable locations for yam suf; the ancient yam suf is not confined to the modern Red Sea. Hoffmeier equates yam suf with the Egyptian term pa-tjufy from the Ramsside period, which refers to lakes in the eastern Nile delta, he describes references to p3 twfy in the context of the Island of Amun, thought to be moder
Larry Collins, born John Lawrence Collins Jr. was an American writer. Born in West Hartford, Collins was educated at the Loomis Chaffee Institute in Windsor and graduated from Yale as a BA in 1951, he worked in the advertising department of Procter and Gamble, in Cincinnati, before being conscripted into the US Army. While serving in the public affairs office of the Allied Headquarters in Paris, from 1953 to 1955, he met Dominique Lapierre with whom he would write several best-sellers over 43 years, he went back to Procter and Gamble and became the products manager of the new foods division in 1955. Disillusioned with commerce, he took to journalism and joined the Paris bureau of United Press International in 1956, became the news editor in Rome in the following year, the MidEast bureau chief in Beirut. In 1959, he joined Newsweek as Middle East editor, based in New York City, he became the Paris bureau chief in 1961, where he would work until 1964, until he switched to writing books. In 1965, Collins and Dominique Lapierre published their first joint work, Is Paris Burning?, a tale of Nazi occupation of the French capital during World War II and Hitler's plans to destroy Paris should it fall into the hands of the Allies.
The book was an instant success and was made into a movie in 1966 by director René Clément, starring Kirk Douglas, Glenn Ford and Alain Delon. In 1967, they co-authored Or I'll Dress you in Mourning about the Spanish bullfighter Manuel Benítez El Cordobés. In 1972, after five years' research and interviews, they published O Jerusalem! about the birth of Israel in 1948, turned into a movie by Elie Chouraqui. In 1975, they published Freedom at Midnight, a story of the Indian Independence in 1947, the subsequent assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948, it is said they still emerged wealthy. The duo published their first fictional work, The Fifth Horseman, in 1981, it describes a terrorist attack on New York masterminded by Libya's Colonel Gaddafi. The book had such a shocking effect that the French President cancelled the sale of nuclear reactors to Libya though it was meant for peaceful purposes. Paramount Pictures, planning a film based on the book, dropped the idea in fear that fanatics would emulate the scenario in real life.
In 1985, Collins authored Fall from Grace about a woman agent sent into occupied France who realizes she may be betrayed by her British masters if necessary. He wrote Maze: A Novel, Black Eagles, a semi-fictional novel about two conflicted American agents in Manuel Noreiga´s Panama, he wrote Le Jour Du Miracle: D-Day Paris and Tomorrow Belongs To Us. Shortly before his death, he collaborated with Lapierre on Is New York Burning?, a novel mixing fictional characters and real-life figures that speculates about a terrorist attack on New York City. In 2005, while working from his home in Fréjus, France, on a book about the Middle East, Collins died of a sudden cerebral haemorrhage. In 1966, Collins married Nadia Sultan, they had two sons and Lawrence. Collins won the Deauville American Film Festival literary award in 1985, the Mannesman Talley literary prize in 1989; the Fifth Horseman, with Dominique Lapierre, ISBN 0-671-24316-0 Fall from Grace Maze Black Eagles Tomorrow Belongs To Us The Road to Armageddon Is New York Burning?, with Dominique Lapierre, ISBN 1-59777-520-7 Biographies Or I'll Dress You in Mourning, with Dominique LapierreHistory Is Paris Burning?, with Dominique Lapierre, ISBN 9780785812463 O Jerusalem!, with Dominique Lapierre, ISBN 0-671-21163-3 Freedom at Midnight, with Dominique Lapierre, ISBN 0-671-22088-8 The Secrets of D-Day Is Paris Burning?, film directed by René Clément, based on book Is Paris Burning?
Fall from Grace, telefilm directed by Waris Hussein, based on novel Fall from Grace Viceroy's House, film directed by Gurinder Chadha, based on book Freedom at Midnight Larry Collins on IMDb
Philipp Wilhelm Wirtgen was a German botanist and teacher born in Neuwied, Germany. He was the father of botanist Ferdinand Paul Wirtgen, he was a school teacher in Remagen and beginning in 1831, at Koblenz, where from 1835 to 1870, he served as an instructor at the Evangelischen Höheren Stadtschule. With botanist Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck, he was founder of the Botanischer Verein am Mittel- und Niederrhein. Wirtgen specialized in the study of Rhineland flora, his work dealt with phytogeography and floristics within the field of botany. Among his numerous publications was an 1857 book involving flora native to Rhine Province called "Flora der preußischen Rheinprovinz und der zunächst angränzenden Gegenden", a treatise titled "Neuwied und seine Umgebung". Other noted works by Wirtgen include: Flora des Regierungsbezirks Coblenz, 1841 – Flora of the Koblenz district. Die cryptogamischen Gefässpflanzen der preussischen Rheinlande, 1847 – Cryptogamic vascular plants of the Prussian Rhineland.
Beiträge zur rheinischen Flora, 1869 – Contribution to Rhenish flora. The plant genus. Homepage Familie Wirtgen
Roger McCluskey was an American IndyCar driver. He was from Arizona, he won championship titles in three divisions of the United States Auto Club: Sprints and Champ Cars. He won the USAC Sprint Car title in 1963 and 1966, the USAC Stock Car title in 1969 and 1970; the Champ Car title in 1973. His first USAC Stock Car start resulted in a runner-up finish in Phoenix, Arizona in January 1968, when he drove as a substitute driver for Norm Nelson. McCluskey earned four USAC Midget Car wins, 23 USAC Sprint Car wins, 23 USAC Stock Car wins and five USAC Championship Car wins, he was the USAC national champion in 1973. He started every Indianapolis 500 race from 1961 to 1979 except 1964, with a best finish of 3rd in 1973, he made four NASCAR Grand National Series starts from 1969 to 1977 with a best finish of second in 1970 at Riverside International Raceway. He represented the USAC series in the 1974 International Race of Champions. McCluskey raced for the Holman and Moody team in a Ford GT40 Mk. IIB at the 1967 LeMans 24 hrs of France.
During this event, McCluskey is credited with pulling Mario Andretti to safety-and thus saving his life-after Andretti had crashed his Ford GT40 Mk. IV when a front brake locked. McCluskey died on August 29, 1993, just five days after his 63rd birthday after a long battle with cancer. In 2004 the local United Sports Arizona Race Park hosted the Roger McCluskey Sprint Car Classic in his honor, he was inducted in the National Sprint Car Hall of Fame in 1993. He was inducted into the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Hall of Fame in 2002, he was inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2011. Patrick Finley.
Alex Frost is a British contemporary artist, exhibiting internationally. Alex Frost lives and works in London. Frost's humorous work addresses the fluid boundaries between public and private space, the virtual and physical, the temporal and permanent, he is best known for his large mosaic sculptures that depict product branding. These have been included in exhibitions at Dundee Contemporary Arts, Venice Biennale, Milton Keynes Gallery, Studio Voltaire and Frieze Sculpture Park, his recent exhibition ‘The New Work’ referenced the flexible workplace, a place where work and life have lost their distinctions. The exhibition ` captured' items, it featured supermarket-bought sandwiches encased in resin, hanging from lanyards, propped on computer stands, dangling from mobiles. The exhibition, held in a storage unit in London’s Hackney Wick, was closed to the public and only viewable online. In 2018, he devised ` Wet Unboxing', a series of videos. In these videos he opened; the products were all symbolic of a super-mobile or ‘on the go’ lifestyle.
Described on Vice Motherboard as ‘a proto-meme—a precious, terrifying embryo—of the next new trend’. In 2015 he was Phynance Resident at London, his other residencies include Cove Park, Scotland in 2014. In addition to his independent art practice he has been involved in a number of artistic collaborations. Notably, the devising and running of the artist-run radio station Radiotuesday with Duncan Campbell and Mark Vernon. Frost's work is held in numerous private and public collections with his mosaic sculpture Adult in the collection of Glasgow Museums Josephine Berry, Claire Louise Staunton, Property Guardian, 2015. Paul Becker, Future Spotters, 2013 Drawing Biennial 2013, 2013 AIR Traces, 2013 100 Years, 100 Artists, 100 Works of Art, 2012. Soul Seekers: Interpreting the Icon, 2012. Industrial Aesthetics. Drawn In, 2011. Graham Domke, The Connoisseurs, 2010. Artists at Glenfiddich 09, 2010. Finger Buffet, 2009. Jerwood Sculpture Prize, 2009. Artsway’s New Forest Pavilion, 2008. Will Bradley, Supplements, 2008.
Karla Black, 1973, 2004. Synth, 2004. East International, 2003. Karla Black, Alex Frost, An American Conversation, 2003. Presence. Happy Outsiders from London and Scotland, 2002. Hero, 2002. Half the World Away, 2002. Rob Tufnell, For Example, 2002. Transmission, 2002. Alex Frost's website An essay by Josephine Berry to accompany Alex Frost's Property Guardian publication. Alex Frost's profile page on the Artist Pension Trust Alex Frost introduces his exhibition'Reproduction' Outset Scotland's page on The Patrons, an exhibition at Cove Park, Scotland. Video documentation of The Connoisseurs at DCA, Scotland Adult an exhibition at MK Gallery review in Frieze magazine Alex Frost In Dialogue with Steven Cox from Hunted Projects
Tandoori Magazine is a British bi-monthly trade magazine for the South Asian food and catering industry. Tandoori Magazine was launched in September 1994, with Iqbal Wahhab as editor and with Karan Bilimoria as the publisher, it is a trade magazine going to restaurants with a marketing strategy of selling directly to restaurants. It is referred to for news and developing trends in this £3.2 billion industry. It is read by key decision-makers, managers, chefs and other members of the catering industry; the magazine has a print run of 12,000 and distributes to 9,000 South Asian restaurants in the United Kingdom, along with 2,100 manufacturers, wholesalers and distributors, the magazine has a total readership of 69,000 within the South Asian food and catering sector. The magazine has been used by hundreds of companies as the sole medium to help increase their visibility and business. South Asian cuisine Official website