Crumhorn
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The crumhorn is a double reed instrument of the woodwind family, most commonly used during the Renaissance period. In modern times, particularly since the 1960s, there has been a revival of interest i
Modern crumhorns with keys, alto crumhorn in F, bass crumhorn in F
Double-reed of an alto crumhorn in F
Two crumhorns, 5 & 6 from left.
Shawm
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The shawm is a conical bore, double-reed woodwind instrument made in Europe from the 13th or possibly 12th century to the present day. It achieved its peak of popularity during the medieval and Renais
Crumhorn
…only and does not influence the sound. Crumhorns make a strong buzzing sound, but quieter than their conical-bore relatives the rauschpfeife and shawm. They have a limited range, usually a ninth. While it is theoretically possible to get the reed to overblow a twelfth above the fundamental note, this…
Salmaj
Shepherd playing the shawm (1646), by Jan Baptist Wolffort (Dutch Rijksmuseum)
Woman playing a bass shawm (Tobias Stimmer c. 1500)
1615, Brussels. Procession of musicians, three with shawms.