Cuba is a village in Allegany County, New York, United States. The population was 1,575 at the 2010 census. The village is in the western part of the town of Cuba at the junction of Routes 305 and 446 on Oil Creek.

Allegany County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,456. Its county seat is Belmont. Its name derives from a Lenape word, applied by European-American settlers of Western New York State to a trail that followed the Allegheny River; they also named the county after this. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.